Báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học " Fruit Fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) " pdf

Fruit fly Fruit fly ( ( Bactrocera Bactrocera dorsalis dorsalis ) ) 2). Life cycle 2). Life cycle   The adult female fly feeds up to a week on The adult female fly feeds up to a week on protein, e.g. on bacteria growing on plant protein, e.g. on bacteria growing on plant surfaces, and on sugars, e.g. in honeydew surfaces, and on sugars, e.g. in honeydew and nectar, before laying eggs. and nectar, before laying eggs.   Eggs are white, banana Eggs are white, banana - - shaped and 1 mm shaped and 1 mm long. They are deposited in batches of 10 long. They are deposited in batches of 10 - - 12 into the spongy 12 into the spongy albedo albedo of the fruit. The of the fruit. The rind puncture is not visible at first, but rind puncture is not visible at first, but later a yellow area develops around later a yellow area develops around the the ‘ ‘ sting sting ’ ’ site site . . Fruit fly Fruit fly ( ( Bactrocera Bactrocera dorsalis dorsalis ) ) 2) Life cycle 2) Life cycle   Eggs hatch in 2 Eggs hatch in 2 - - 3 days and the larvae borrow 3 days and the larvae borrow into the fruit pulp. The number of larvae per into the fruit pulp. The number of larvae per fruit varies from one to 12 or more. Larvae fruit varies from one to 12 or more. Larvae complete their development in about 10 complete their development in about 10 days. They then drop to the ground to fined a days. They then drop to the ground to fined a suitable place to pupate. Pupation occurs in suitable place to pupate. Pupation occurs in the soil and can take about 7 the soil and can take about 7 - - 9 days. Pupae 9 days. Pupae are brown, barrel are brown, barrel - - shaped and about 4 shaped and about 4 - - 5 mm 5 mm long. They are over 6 generations per years. long. They are over 6 generations per years. Fruit fly Fruit fly 2) Life cycle 2) Life cycle egg egg Life cycle of fruit fly Mealybug Mealybug ( ( Pseudococcus Pseudococcus sp.) sp.)   1). Shape 1). Shape Mealybugs Mealybugs ( ( Pseudococcus Pseudococcus sp.) sp.)   1). Shape and 1). Shape and damage damage symptoms symptoms Mealybugs Mealybugs ( ( Pseudococcus Pseudococcus sp.) sp.)   1). Shape and damage symptoms 1). Shape and damage symptoms   There are many species attack on citrus plant. There are many species attack on citrus plant. Although shape is different, habits and symptoms Although shape is different, habits and symptoms are similar. The adult female are similar. The adult female mealybug mealybug is a slow is a slow - - moving, and covered by a thin coating of white, moving, and covered by a thin coating of white, mealy wax which extent into filaments around the mealy wax which extent into filaments around the edge of the body. edge of the body.   Eggs hatching are small one and move Eggs hatching are small one and move flexility flexility . If . If larvae without pupae stage would be adults female larvae without pupae stage would be adults female and vice versa. and vice versa. Mealybugs Mealybugs ( ( Pseudococcus Pseudococcus sp.) sp.)   1 1 ). Shape and damage symptoms ). Shape and damage symptoms   Adult males are tiny, delicate winged insect with Adult males are tiny, delicate winged insect with long tail filament. long tail filament.   Juveniles and adults seek out sheltered sites: Juveniles and adults seek out sheltered sites: under the fruit calyx, inside the navel of fruit, under the fruit calyx, inside the navel of fruit, between touching fruit and leaves, in curled between touching fruit and leaves, in curled leaves attacked by citrus leaves attacked by citrus leafminer leafminer and inside and inside cracks and crevices in bark. cracks and crevices in bark.   Mealybug Mealybug excrete sticky honeydew that is good excrete sticky honeydew that is good medium for the growth of sooty mould and other medium for the growth of sooty mould and other fungi. fungi. Mealybugs Mealybugs ( ( Pseudococcus Pseudococcus sp.) sp.) 2). Life cycle 2). Life cycle “ “ Citrophilous Citrophilous ” ”   Citrophilous Citrophilous mealybug mealybug female lay about 500 female lay about 500 eggs in a cottony egg sac, and hatch within a eggs in a cottony egg sac, and hatch within a few days. There are three few days. There are three moults moults in females in females and four in male. and four in male.   The complete life cycle takes about 2 months The complete life cycle takes about 2 months and there are 3 and there are 3 - - 4 generation per years. 4 generation per years. Mealybugs Mealybugs ( ( Pseudococcus Pseudococcus sp.) sp.) 2). Life cycle 2). Life cycle “ “ Citrophilous Citrophilous ” ” Mites Mites Panonychus Panonychus citri citri 1). Shape and damage symptoms 1). Shape and damage symptoms   The group mites attack on citrus include 8 The group mites attack on citrus include 8 species. However, red mite occur and cause species. However, red mite occur and cause damage popular almost citrus garden in damage popular almost citrus garden in Mekong delta area. Mekong delta area.   The adult female red mite has oval body, and The adult female red mite has oval body, and is 0,5 mm long. The body is purple is 0,5 mm long. The body is purple - - red color red color with long white bristle on the back and sides, with long white bristle on the back and sides, the pale legs. The adult male is smaller than the pale legs. The adult male is smaller than female and legs are longer than one. female and legs are longer than one. [...]... beside citrus Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood) 2) Life cycle propupa Fruitpiercing moths (Rhytia hypernestra) Shape and damage symptoms Fruitpiercing moths (Rhytia hypernestra)  Belong to Noctuidae, the adult moths fly to orchards during the night to suck juice from ripening fruit, and they rest outside the orchards by night Adult fruitpiercing moths are large and stout-bodied with a wingspan of 100... adapted for sucking and rasping Flowers are often favoured feeding sites, but thrips also feed on developing fruit and young leaves Heavy infestations of thrips cause twisting and grey scarring of young foliage similar to the damage cause by broad mites; ring scarring around the stem end of a navel on fruit  1) Shape Thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood) (Megalurothrips kellyanus) (Chaetanaphothrips orchidii)... laid into soft tissue on very young fruit near the calyx, or in young leaves (near the midrib or main vein), eggs are 0.3 mm long Adult female lay about 2-3 eggs a day Larvae develop through two stages to become a propupa They complete life cycle takes about 5 weeks Thrips adult can live 3 months There are about 6 generations per year They can attack many other fruit, beside citrus Thrips (Scirtothrips...Mites 1) Shape and damage symptoms  Citrus red mite feeds on citrus fruit, leaves (young and old) and green twigs The maturing leaf is preferred, and most damage occurs on the upper surface, makes leaf curved, spotted grey scarring of the rind Citrus rust mite (Phyllocoptruta oleivora) Mites  1) Rind damage on fruit caused by citrus red mite Mites 2) Life cycle  The adult female citrus... or spots are popular Larval hosts include native vines Fruitpiercing moths (Othreis fullonia (Clerck)  The larvae feed on native vines for about 3 weeks, through 5 stages before forming a dark-brown pupa within a delicate silk cocoon between webbeb leaves After 3 weeks, adults emerge from the pupa Beside citrus the moths can attack many other fruit tree There are about 2-4 generations per year Psyllids . Fruit fly Fruit fly ( ( Bactrocera Bactrocera dorsalis dorsalis ) ) 2). Life cycle 2). Life cycle   The adult female fly feeds up to a week on The adult female fly feeds up. per years. long. They are over 6 generations per years. Fruit fly Fruit fly 2) Life cycle 2) Life cycle egg egg Life cycle of fruit fly Mealybug Mealybug ( ( Pseudococcus Pseudococcus sp.) sp.)   1) sites: under the fruit calyx, inside the navel of fruit, under the fruit calyx, inside the navel of fruit, between touching fruit and leaves, in curled between touching fruit and leaves,