INTRODUCE
Significance of the Study
Staying up late has become a common habit among young people, especially students Many wonder why students choose to stay up late and how frequently this occurs Regardless of the reasons, this habit is detrimental to both physical and mental health.
According to statistics, each of us needs to spend up to 36% of our lives sleeping.
This means that if you live to be 70 years old, the sleep time will be more than 25 years.
Sleep is a vital aspect of our lives, yet many websites perpetuate misconceptions, labeling it as laziness or a waste of time Contrary to these claims, understanding and prioritizing quality sleep can significantly enhance long-term memory and boost academic productivity.
In 1942, only 8% of the population slept six hours or less, but by 2017, this figure had surged to 50% Global statistics reveal that insomnia costs the UK economy over £30 billion annually, equating to 2% of its GDP Sleep deprivation significantly increases accident risk, with individuals who sleep less than five hours being 4.3 times more likely to crash, and those who sleep only four hours facing an 11.5 times higher risk These alarming statistics underscore the severe consequences of sleep deprivation, particularly among adolescents.
Ho Chi Minh City is witnessing a rise in 24-hour cafes like Three O'clock, Thuc Coffee, and OFA Coffee, which are bustling with customers, predominantly aged 17-30, even at 11 PM These cafes serve as social hubs where individuals engage in various activities such as meeting friends, browsing the internet, watching movies, and playing games, while a few dedicate their time to studying or reading This trend highlights the increasing prevalence of late-night outings, particularly among young people and students.
Therefore, it is extremely necessary to study the sleep quality of young people.
Youth have a significant advantage in health, particularly regarding sleep, but neglecting proper sleep habits can lead to rapid negative consequences By recognizing the importance of sleep early on, students can enhance their study and work efficiency, resulting in a clearer and sharper mind This understanding prompted our group to explore the topic of "The Situation of Students Staying Up Late."
Ho Chi Minh City and affecting health" to study.
Purpose of research
- Learn about the current state of students staying up late in HCMC.
- The extent, nature, scale of staying up late.
- Recognize the factors that influence students' staying up late.
- Effects of staying up late on human health and giving advice (positive and negative influences).
- Propose remedies, give the right advice against the effects of staying up late on students today.
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City It examines how academic pressures, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions contribute to sleep quality and duration among students Additionally, the study highlights the significance of mental health, social interactions, and technology use in shaping sleep behaviors Understanding these influences is crucial for developing strategies to improve sleep health in the student population.
Subjects, scope, survey units
- Target audience: All students in HO CHI MINH CITY.
- Scope: Ho Chi Minh City.
- Survey unit: Group of students of Applied Econometric class.
THEORY OVERVIEW
Related Concepts
Students are those between the ages of 18-25, have graduated from high school and are enrolled in a program at one (or more) University or College.
- The concept of staying up late:
According to recommendations from the National Organization for Sleep Support and Self-Assessment, people aged 18-25 (students) require 7-9 hours of sleep per day.
Staying awake past 10:30 PM can be classified as staying up late, as clinically, the body starts its detoxification and recovery phase after 23 hours.
The optimal sleep window is from 10:30 PM to 6:30 AM, as resting during these hours allows your organs to function at their most stable state, promoting a healthy biological clock.
Body functions and activities during sleep
Sleep plays a crucial role in health and has persisted through evolution, according to Dr David Raizen, an associate professor of neurology at the University of Pennsylvania During sleep, the brain and body are actively engaged in processes that promote well-being, operating through two distinct stages that contribute to overall health benefits.
NREM, or non-rapid eye movement sleep, constitutes 75-80% of our total sleep time and is characterized by the brain's decreased responsiveness to external stimuli During this vital stage, the body transitions into deep sleep, leading to a significant slowdown in mental and bodily functions This period is crucial for cellular regeneration and repair, highlighting the importance of NREM sleep for overall health and recovery.
Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep constitutes 20-25% of our total sleep duration, characterized by quick eye movements behind closed eyelids During this phase, the body remains still while physiological functions such as pulse rate, internal temperature, breathing rate, and blood pressure increase beyond daytime levels REM sleep is also associated with more vivid and emotionally intense dreams.
As we drift into sleep, our brains exhibit a unique pattern of brain waves referred to as "spinal rotation," which is believed to facilitate learning and memory integration, according to the Sleep Foundation Additionally, the alignment of the spine may contribute to our ability to remain asleep despite external stimuli A study published in the journal Science in 2019 highlights that during sleep, our brains engage in a cleansing process, further underscoring the complex activities that occur while we rest.
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City It highlights the significance of cerebrospinal fluid and blood in the sleep process, particularly during the NREM phase when brain cells exhibit regular and rhythmic activity As individuals transition into REM sleep, brain activity returns to levels comparable to those experienced during wakefulness, underscoring the complex interplay between physiological processes and sleep quality among students in this urban environment.
The process of metabolism and detoxification of the body:
+ From 21 to 23h: Is the time when the immune system (lymphocytes) detoxifies
(eliminates toxins), this time is quiet or listening to relaxing music.
From 11 PM to 3 AM, the Gallbladder and Liver focus on detoxifying and eliminating waste, making quality sleep essential for kidney health This period is also crucial for achieving smooth skin, highlighting the importance of restful slumber during these hours.
Between 3 AM and 5 PM, the lungs undergo a natural detoxification process, which is why individuals with lung diseases often experience intense coughing during this period This violent coughing occurs as the body expels toxins that have accumulated in the lungs.
+ From 5am to 7am: It is the time when the large intestine detoxifies.
During the NREM stage of sleep, heart rate and blood pressure decrease, allowing the heart and blood vessels to experience a lighter workload, which is ideal for rest and recovery As the body transitions into the REM phase, both heart rate and blood pressure begin to rise again.
Factors affecting sleep
The act of staying up late is constantly impacted by two factors: objective conditions and subjective conditions, claims Dr Tran Thi Kim Xuyen's social theory of lifestyle.
The amount of homework assigned to children significantly affects their academic experience, requiring students to study three hours outside of class for every hour spent in school This heavy workload often leads to late nights as students strive to complete their assignments Financial challenges also play a crucial role, as many students take on part-time jobs to help support their families Additionally, the surrounding environment can further influence students' ability to manage their time effectively.
Subjective factors significantly influence sleep quality, including existing habits and the dynamics of the learning environment The pressure to complete tasks and manage time effectively can also play a role Additionally, the time spent unwinding after work—such as browsing the internet, watching movies, or listening to music—combined with the habitual consumption of stimulants like tea and coffee in the evening, can negatively impact sleep patterns.
RESEARCH METHODS
Suggested model
7.1 Model and variables in the model:
HOURS = 𝜷 1 + 𝜷 2 BMI + 𝜷 3 AGE + 𝜷 4 GENDER + 𝜷 5 START +𝜷 6 STUDY +
𝜷 7 ENTERTAINMENT + 𝜷 8 HEALTH + 𝜷 9 EVR_CHANGES + 𝜷 10 HABIT +
1 HOURS Number of hours students sleep per night (hours) - -
2 BMI Body mass index =WEIGHT/
The higher the BMI, the less hours of sleep
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City It examines how academic pressures, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions contribute to sleep quality and duration among students Additionally, the study highlights the impact of technology use and social activities on sleep habits, emphasizing the need for awareness and interventions to promote better sleep health in this demographic Understanding these factors is crucial for developing effective strategies to enhance the well-being and academic performance of undergraduates.
The older you get, the less hours you sleep
4 STUDY Number of hours students study in a day
The more hours you study, the less hours you sleep
Number of hours of student entertainment in a day
The more hours of entertainment (playing games, surfing social media, ) the less hours of sleep
6 GENDER Student's gender =1 if it's female
Women sleep more than men
7 START Time to start going to bed
If you start going to bed between 10 pm and 2 pm, you will reduce the number of hours you sleep
If there are health problems, the number of hours of sleep will be reduced
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City It examines how academic pressures, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions contribute to sleep quality among students Additionally, the study highlights the significance of mental health and social interactions in shaping sleep behaviors Understanding these factors is crucial for developing effective strategies to improve sleep health among young adults in urban settings.
GES Change the living environment
If there is a change in the living environment, the number of hours of sleep will be reduced
10 HABIT Habit of sleeping late
If you have a habit of going to bed late, it will reduce the number of hours of sleep
If there are relationships (love, work, ) then the number of hours of sleep will be reduced
12 PATI Working part-time =1 if it is “YES”
If you work part-time, the number of hours of sleep will be reduced
=0 if it is “NO” If you use stimulants, the number of hours of sleep will decrease
7.2 Comments on the variables in the model:
Is it unhealthy to stay up late? was a question that the University of California,Berkeley (USA) set out to investigate They looked into the connection between obesity
This article explores the factors influencing undergraduates' sleep patterns in Ho Chi Minh City, highlighting the correlation between late-night sleeping habits and weight gain Research indicates that both adults and adolescents who frequently stay up late are at a greater risk of increased body mass index (BMI) compared to their peers who maintain earlier bedtimes The link between sleep duration and BMI underscores the importance of healthy sleep practices for weight management among students.
A Berkeley study tracked the influences and behaviors of teenagers from puberty through adulthood, focusing on their bedtimes and body mass index (BMI) from 1994 to 2009 The research revealed that adolescents who maintained earlier bedtimes tended to have healthier weights in adulthood.
A study revealed that children aged 4 to 5 who experienced insufficient nighttime sleep were at a higher risk of sleep deprivation, which can lead to obesity over time Specifically, those who slept approximately 9.5 hours less than their peers who went to bed at 9 p.m and achieved adequate sleep showed increased obesity rates.
The 2011 sleep survey by the American group, "Technology and Sleep," produced the following findings
Table 1: Descript how Americans sleep by age the Z generation (13–18 years of age) the Y generation (19-29 years of age) the X generation (30-45 years of age) the baby-boom generation (46-64 years of age)
Waking up on average at 6:17 am 6:58 am 5:59 am 5:57 am
On average go to bed at 11:02 pm 11:58 pm 11:12 pm 10:58 pm
Rarely/Never got a good night's sleep during the week
Dealing with the days of the week
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City It examines how academic pressures, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions contribute to sleep quality and duration among students By analyzing these elements, the study aims to provide insights into improving sleep health for the undergraduate population in this urban setting Understanding these influences is crucial for developing effective strategies to enhance student well-being and academic performance.
The analysis reveals a trend of decreasing sleep duration from Generation Z to Generation Y, with average nightly sleep dropping from 7 hours and 26 minutes to 7 hours and 1 minute, while the percentage of individuals reporting "Rarely/Never" getting a good night's sleep during the week increased from 46% to 51% Research indicates significant variations in sleep habits and disorders among adolescents of different ages, with younger adults typically going to bed later and experiencing shorter sleep durations Additionally, young adults report higher levels of sleep disruption, daytime sleepiness, and dissatisfaction with sleep compared to adolescents Consequently, it can be inferred that older adolescents tend to experience poorer sleep quality and fewer hours of sleep, leading to the expectation that older students will have reduced sleep duration.
Number of hours students study in a day (STUDY)
Most students, being recent graduates, dedicate significant time to studying, with Dr Robert from the University of Florida recommending 4-5 hours of study daily This structured approach allows students to balance coursework, independent library study, collaborative sessions, and final projects, ultimately leading to reduced sleep time Consequently, the study suggests that increased study hours correlate with decreased sleep duration.
Number of hours of leisure students in a day (ENTERTAINMENT)
Today's youth have access to a diverse range of entertainment options beyond traditional activities like reading and sports, largely due to the prevalence of electronic gadgets They engage in various forms of entertainment, including watching movies, playing video games, listening to music, and using social media platforms such as Facebook, TikTok, and Instagram While moderate use of these technologies can yield positive outcomes, a recent study revealed that Vietnamese teenagers spend an alarming average of 7 hours daily on social media, significantly higher than global and regional averages This excessive recreational screen time is linked to reduced sleep duration at night, leading to increased daytime sleepiness among adolescents.
- Excessive use of electronics will take the place of sleep Teenagers stay up late because their smartphone is showing them something interesting.
- By inhibiting the hormone melatonin, which makes people sleepy, light from electronic devices can change the circadian rhythm of the body and make it difficult to fall asleep.
- Electronic devices cause sleep disruption since they psychologically, emotionally, and biologically awaken.
The American Sleep Foundation provides three additional ways in which technology may disrupt sleep:
- One is melatonin suppression Melatonin, the hormone that regulates sleep/wake cycles and the human circadian clock, is inhibited by the blue light emitted by the
Factors influencing undergraduates' sleep in Ho Chi Minh City include the excessive use of electronic devices such as cell phones, computers, tablets, and TVs This increased screen time can lead to melatonin deficiency, making it more difficult for students to fall asleep and disrupting their overall sleep quality.
To maintain mental alertness, it's essential to avoid using technological devices before bedtime Engaging in activities like checking emails or watching movies can trick the brain into believing it needs to remain active, ultimately disrupting sleep.
A person may find it challenging to unwind and go off to sleep if they browse the web, see something intriguing on Facebook, or read a depressing email.
Even if you avoid technology before bedtime, the mere presence of devices can disrupt your sleep Being near your phone or computer can trigger the urge to check messages, emails, or your schedule, ultimately keeping you awake To improve your sleep quality, it's essential to remove these distractions from your bedroom.
Research indicates that increased engagement with entertainment, especially through electronic devices, is likely to lead to reduced sleep duration This study aims to explore the correlation between hours spent on entertainment and sleep patterns, suggesting that individuals with higher intelligence may require less sleep.
Research by Professor Daniel Forger reveals that women tend to sleep 30 minutes longer each night than men, a finding supported by global statistics Consequently, this study predicts that female students will also have longer sleep durations compared to their male counterparts.
The quality of your sleep is significantly influenced by your bedtime While the total hours of sleep may be similar for night owls and early risers, the quality of rest diminishes for those who stay up late This can lead to feelings of exhaustion, body aches, sluggishness, and increased stress upon waking According to the British Sleep Council, after 22 hours of wakefulness, the body's organs start to slow down and require rest, suggesting that students who prioritize an earlier sleep start time may experience better overall health and well-being.
10 p.m and 2 p.m will get fewer hours of sleep per night.
RESEARCH RESULTS
Variable descriptive statistics
The descriptive statistics of the variables are as follows:
Table 4.1: Descriptive Statistics Table of Model
Stand ard Devia tion (sd)
The great est value( max)
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City It examines how academic pressures, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions contribute to sleep quality among students Additionally, the study highlights the importance of understanding these factors to promote better sleep hygiene and overall well-being in the student population By addressing these influences, the research aims to provide insights that can help improve sleep health among undergraduates in urban settings.
A study of 183 university students, primarily aged 19 to 20, revealed that they average only 6.08 hours of sleep per night, significantly below the recommended 7-9 hours This insufficient sleep is influenced by various factors unique to this age group Notably, around 41% of participants reported going to bed between 10 PM and 2 AM, indicating a trend of late bedtimes Additionally, students spend an average of 4.21 hours studying and 5.15 hours on leisure activities daily, totaling 9.36 hours, which likely contributes to their inadequate sleep patterns.
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City It highlights that these factors have a direct impact on both the quantity and quality of sleep experienced by students Additionally, it notes that while quantitative variables play a role, their effect tends to be relatively minimal.
Regression results
From the above research model, we obtain the following table of regression results:
Table 4.2 Table of regression results
GENDER START HEALTH EVR_CHANGES HABIT RELATIONSHIP
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City Key elements affecting their sleep include academic pressures, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions Understanding these influences is crucial for addressing sleep-related issues among students, as inadequate sleep can negatively impact their academic performance and overall well-being By examining these factors, the study aims to provide insights that can help improve sleep quality for undergraduates in urban settings.
(The regression coefficients are tested by t-test, the symbols *, **, *** indicate that the regression coefficients are statistically significant at the 5%, 1%, and 1% significance levels, respectively 0.1% )
The regression analysis conducted using RStudio software provided estimated insights into the factors influencing the number of hours students sleep each night, utilizing the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression method.
The model estimation results in Table 4.2 show that many variables have signs as expected.
The variable body index (BMI) has a negative beta coefficient as expected of the group, but it is not statistically significant when there is a standard error of 0.166>0.05.
It can be concluded that although we anticipate a decrease in sleep hours for students with each unit increase in BMI, various factors contribute to rising BMI levels and poor sleep quality.
The variable age of students (AGE) shows a negative coefficient, aligning with our expectations; however, it lacks statistical significance (0.985 > 0.05) This suggests that while older adolescents might be anticipated to experience a decline in sleep quality and duration, the actual relationship is more complex than initially thought.
A significant negative correlation exists between the number of hours students study daily and their sleep duration, with a statistical significance of 1% This indicates that increased study hours lead to reduced sleep time, highlighting the tendency of students to prioritize studying over rest.
Their lives revolve around fixed daily schedules and assignment deadlines So most of
In Ho Chi Minh City, the sleep patterns of undergraduates are significantly influenced by their study habits Research indicates that the time allocated for studying and going to bed remains relatively consistent throughout the week Consequently, an increase in study hours often leads to reduced sleep duration, while decreased study time allows for more sleep Understanding these dynamics is crucial for addressing sleep-related issues among students.
The variable of leisure hours of students in a day (ENTERTAINMENT) has a negative coefficient as we expected and has a high level of statistical significance (1%).
This means that if students spend more time on leisure, their sleep hours will decrease.
Recent surveys indicate that Vietnamese youth spend an average of 7 hours daily on social networks like Facebook, TikTok, Instagram, and Twitter This excessive usage surpasses the average sleep time of students, which is only about 6 hours Consequently, the unscientific and excessive use of social media has led to reduced sleep hours, resulting in decreased alertness and increased distraction throughout the day.
The gender dummy variable (GENDER) for students shows a surprising negative sign and lacks statistical significance, contradicting previous studies and established findings Research by Professor Daniel Forger indicates that male students typically get less sleep than their female counterparts Additionally, women often prioritize their health and beauty more than men, contributing to their longer life expectancy as reflected in annual demographic statistics.
The analysis reveals that the variable for students' bedtime (START) has a negative coefficient, indicating a potential decrease in sleep hours for those going to bed between 10 PM and 2 AM; however, this result is not statistically significant Despite some students maintaining 7-8 hours of sleep, many still report feelings of fatigue, mental exhaustion, and a lack of alertness, suggesting that late bedtimes may not necessarily correlate with reduced sleep duration, but could impact overall well-being and focus.
The health problems dummy variable (HEALTH) indicates a negative relationship with sleep hours, although it lacks statistical significance This suggests that students experiencing health issues tend to sleep less Ideally, a healthy individual, free from psychological stress, aligns with their biological rhythms, leading to regular sleep patterns and increased sleep duration Prioritizing health inherently includes recognizing the critical role of sufficient sleep However, psychological pressure is not constant; it varies significantly during high-stress periods such as exams and internships, impacting sleep quality and duration.
Human mood is inherently unpredictable and often abnormal, influenced by various complex factors This complexity makes it challenging to evaluate how health-related issues, such as stress and psychological pressure, affect students' nightly sleep duration.
The habitat dummy variable (EVR_CHANGES) shows a negative coefficient, aligning with expectations; however, it lacks statistical significance This suggests that while we anticipate that students living away from home, such as in dormitories or motels, may experience difficulties in sleeping and consequently fewer hours of sleep, the actual situation is more complex.
Factors influencing undergraduates' sleep in Ho Chi Minh City include living conditions, social interactions, and overall lifestyle A comfortable home environment and the presence of new friends contribute positively to students' mental well-being These elements lead to deeper sleep, enhanced alertness, and improved concentration, ultimately fostering better academic performance.
The dummy variable for late sleep habits (HABIT) shows an unexpected positive coefficient, although it lacks statistical significance This finding does not accurately reflect reality, as many students today are compelled to stay up late due to academic and work pressures The need to meet deadlines often leads to increased stress, prompting students to seek relief through activities like browsing the internet, watching movies, or using TikTok Consequently, this cycle inadvertently establishes a habit of staying up late among students.
The surrounding relationships dummy variable (RELATIONSHIP) shows negative coefficients, suggesting that social network usage may decrease students' sleep hours; however, this effect is not statistically significant In reality, students living away from home often find joy in connecting with family, alleviating feelings of nostalgia and stress, which can enhance their overall well-being Friendships also serve as vital support systems, allowing students to share their burdens and navigate psychological challenges together While it may seem that socializing reduces sleep time, these interactions can actually promote deeper and more restful sleep by providing emotional relief Conversely, students who face academic pressures and refrain from engaging in social relationships may experience increased stress, leading to difficulties in falling asleep and reduced sleep quality.
Multicollinearity test
The coefficient of variance (Variance Inflation Factors) has the function of measuring the correlation and the strength of the correlation between the predictor variables in the regression model.
To assess multicollinearity, we will utilize the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) in various sectors, including finance, personnel, economy, science, and social studies A VIF value of less than 2 indicates the absence of multicollinearity, while a value greater than 2 signifies its presence.
From the above regression results, we see that the VIF of all variables is less than 2.
Thus, the above regression model has absolutely no multicollinearity phenomenon.
Heteroscedasticity test by the Breusch-Pagan test
The effectiveness of the Goldfeld-Quandt test is influenced by both the value of c, which represents the number of middle observations discarded, and the accurate selection of the variable X used to rank the observations However, this limitation can be addressed by utilizing the Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey (BPG) test.
In statistical analysis, if the p-value exceeds 5%, we accept the null hypothesis (Ho), indicating that the model exhibits uniform or constant variance Conversely, a p-value below 5% leads us to reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis (H1), suggesting that the model displays heterogeneous variance, meaning the variance varies.
Ho: model has constant variance H1: the model has variable variance
From the results of Breusch-Pagan test, we have p-value=0.3474 > 0.05 From there, we accept the hypothesis Ho, uniform variance or in other words, the model has constant variance.
Testing for autocorrelation by Breusch-Godfrey test
The autocorrelation of higher orders and applicable whether the regressors include the lag of the dependent variable or not is called the Breusch-Godfrey test.
If the p-value is greater than 5%, we accept the null hypothesis (Ho), indicating that the model does not exhibit autocorrelation Conversely, if the p-value is less than 5%, we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis (H1), suggesting the presence of autocorrelation in the model.
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City Key determinants include academic pressures, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions that contribute to sleep quality Understanding these factors is essential for developing effective strategies to improve the well-being of students in urban settings The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions that address both psychological and physical aspects affecting sleep among young adults in this vibrant city.
Ho: the model does not have autocorrelation H1: the model has autocorrelation
From the results of the Breusch-Godfrey test, we have: p-value=0.071>0.05 From there, we accept the hypothesis Ho, that is, the above model does not have autocorrelation.
CONCLUSION
Conclusion
The regression analysis indicates that learning, entertainment, and part-time work significantly impact sleep quality among students Factors such as schoolwork, screen exposure from phones and TVs, and the allure of social media entertainment are directly affecting the sleep duration of 183 surveyed students This decline in sleep quality is a major contributor to reduced operational productivity and economic performance To address these detrimental effects on health and sleep quality, our team recommends implementing measures aimed at improving students' sleep habits.
- Arrange a reasonable study schedule according to each individual's schedule
To promote better sleep, avoid using TVs, phones, and other devices that emit blue light for at least 30 minutes before bedtime This helps prevent your brain from interpreting the blue light as sunlight, which can interfere with your natural sleep cycle and delay the onset of sleep.
Transform your bedroom into a serene sanctuary by creating a dark, quiet, and cool environment Set your thermostat to a comfortable low to medium temperature, and enhance your relaxation with blackout curtains and a white noise machine.
Establishing a consistent sleep schedule by going to bed and waking up at the same times daily is essential for optimal rest This routine helps your brain recognize sleep cues, promoting better sleep quality Adults typically require between 7 to 9 hours of sleep each night for overall health and well-being.
Make a habit of relaxing before going to bed Choose activities that help you relax and calm down, like taking a warm bath, listening to an audiobook, or journaling.
Doing these activities in the same order each night creates a pattern for your brain to recognize them as a prelude to sleep.
To improve sleep quality, it's essential to limit your intake of caffeine and alcohol Both substances can linger in your system, negatively impacting your rest To ensure better sleep, avoid consuming alcohol within three hours of bedtime and refrain from caffeine for at least five hours before sleeping.
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City It highlights the impact of academic stress, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions on students' sleep quality Additionally, the study examines how social interactions and technology usage contribute to sleep disturbances Understanding these factors is crucial for developing strategies to improve sleep health among university students in urban settings.
Limitations of the study
One limitation of the study is its focus on the HCM City area, where a significant portion of survey participants are second and third-year students Additionally, the relatively small sample size may hinder the generalizability of the findings.
One significant limitation of this survey is the reliability of the data collected, as participants may inadvertently provide incorrect information when answering questions This can result in data inaccuracies and deviations from reality, particularly due to the online format of the survey, which may lead to misunderstandings between the participants and the author's intended questions.
One significant limitation of this survey is that it was conducted by a group of students from UEH, who lacked experience in surveying and questioning techniques As a result, the research lacks rigor and has several shortcomings in its implementation process.
Some recommendations for future research
This study can be the basis for other studies in the future, encouraging further studies to select a more accurate survey sample.
This article explores the various factors influencing the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City It examines the impact of academic pressures, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions on students' sleep quality The findings highlight the importance of addressing these factors to improve overall well-being and academic performance among university students in urban settings Understanding these influences can help educators and policymakers develop strategies to promote healthier sleep habits in this demographic.
HIỆN TRẠNG THỨC KHUYA CỦA SINH VIÊN CỦA KTX ĐHQG TP.HCM (n.d.) 123doc
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Giấc ngủ hàng năm ở Mỹ cho thấy mối liên hệ giữa việc sử dụng công nghệ truyền thông và chất lượng giấc ngủ Theo một nghiên cứu của Dang (2019), nhiều yếu tố, bao gồm thói quen sử dụng thiết bị điện tử, ảnh hưởng đến số giờ ngủ mỗi đêm của sinh viên Việc hiểu rõ những yếu tố này có thể giúp cải thiện giấc ngủ và sức khỏe tổng thể cho người dùng công nghệ.
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Numerous factors influence the sleep patterns of undergraduates in Ho Chi Minh City These include academic pressures, lifestyle choices, and environmental conditions The demands of university life often lead to irregular sleep schedules, while the use of technology and social activities can further disrupt sleep quality Additionally, noise levels and living conditions in urban areas contribute significantly to sleep disturbances Understanding these factors is crucial for developing strategies to improve sleep health among students in this vibrant city.