(LUẬN văn THẠC sĩ) technical efficiency of poultry farms in vietnam non parametric and parametric approaches

UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY VIETNAM INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES THE HAGUE THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF POULTRY FARMS IN VIETNAM NON-PARAMETRIC AND PARAMETRIC APPROACHES BY NGUYỄN THỊ NGỌC LINH MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY, DECEMBER 2013 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY VIETNAM INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES THE HAGUE THE NETHERLANDS VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF POULTRY FARMS IN VIETNAM NON-PARAMETRIC AND PARAMETRIC APPROACHES A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS BY NGUYỄN THỊ NGỌC LINH Academic Supervisor: DR TRƢƠNG ĐĂNG THỤY Ho Chi Minh City, December 2013 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com DECLARATION This is to certify that the thesis entitle “Technical efficiency of Vietnam poultry farms: non-parametric and parametric approaches”, which is submitted by me in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Art in Development Economic to Vietnam – The Netherlands Programme The thesis comprises only my original work and due supervision and acknowledgement have been made in the text to all materials used Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Linh i TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ACKNOWLEDGEMENT My appreciation firstly goes to my supervisor, Dr Trƣơng Đăng Thụy, who has made a great effort to support me in this thesis His profound comments have been helpful not only in completing this study but also in improving my knowledge in doing the research I would like to thank my family, especially my mother I would not complete this thesis, as well as study in this program, without their scarification, encouragement and important support For the love and expectation of my family, which motivate my effort to complete this master degree, my mere expression of gratitude here have never been sufficient I am very proud to attend this program I am grateful to all lectures in Vietnam – Netherlands Programme for their dedicated instruction and all the courses during the period I studied at the program Besides, I would like to thank all the academic and technical staffs of the Vietnam – Netherlands Programme for supporting me during that time Moreover, I received the enormous encouragement from my classmates and workmates, especially my special friend who has supported me a lot in the writing process I am very grateful for everything that all of you gave me ii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABBREVIATION AE Allocative efficiency BCC DEA model as study of Banker, Charnes and Cooper CCR DEA model as study of Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes CRS Constant returns to scale DEA Data Envelopment Analysis DMU Decision making unit DPF Deterministic Production Function FAO Food and Agriculture Organization GSO General Statistic Office ML Maximum likelihood MLE Maximum likelihood estimate OLS Ordinary Least Square PDF Probability density function SFM Stochastic Frontier Model TE Technical efficiency VHLSS Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey VND Vietnam Dong VRS Variable returns to scale iii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com ABSTRACT This study attempts to estimate the technical efficiency as well as determine the factorial effects of technical efficiency level of Vietnam poultry farms under semiindustrial system and traditional system Then, this study employs a two-stage analysis with a household-level dataset in whole country In particular, the first stage estimates technical efficiency level of poultry farms under both systems through non-parametric and parametric approaches, which were represented by Data Envelopment Analysis and Stochastic Frontier Analysis, respectively In the second stage, sources of efficiency will be determined by Tobit regression and least square regression with householdspecific characteristics which represent for human capital in qualitative dimension A sample of 3,356 households in VHLSS 2010 is utilized to analyze the broiler poultry production in Vietnam, wherein 820 poultry farms under semi-industrial system and 2,536 poultry farms under traditional system The results from the first stage show that the average technical efficiency which was obtained from SFM is higher than that in DEA; and the TE scores in SFA exhibit the variability lower than TE scores in DEA Moreover, from the analysis in the second stage, it is can be stated that education level of farmer has significantly effects on the TE differential among poultry farms in the positive way Finally, the results also show that TE scores of poultry farms under both systems located in the Southeast are higher than other agro-ecological regions Keywords: poultry household, data envelopment analysis, stochastic frontier model, technical efficiency, human capital iv TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Problem Statements 1.2 Research Objectives 1.3 Research Organization CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Basic concepts of efficiency 2.2 Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) 2.2.1 Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) 10 2.2.2 Stochastic Frontier Model approach (SFM) 12 2.2.2.1 The Production frontier 12 i Deterministic Production Frontier 12 ii Stochastic Production Frontier 13 2.2.2.2 Estimation method 15 i Modified Ordinary Least Squares (MOLS) 15 ii Maximum likelihood Estimation (MLE) 16 2.2.2.3 Measurement of Efficiency 17 2.2.3 Comparison between DEA and SFM approaches 17 2.3 Empirical studies 19 2.3.1 Measurement of technical efficiency of poultry subsector 19 2.3.2 DEA and SFM approaches on measurement of technical efficiency of agriculture sector 22 2.3.3 Impact of human capital on agriculture productivity 24 CHAPTER 3: OVER VIEW OF POULTRY FARMS IN VIETNAM 27 3.1 General characteristics of poultry production in Vietnam 27 3.2 Poultry production system in Vietnam 29 i Traditional extensive household poultry production (non-intensive system) 31 ii Semi-industrial commercial poultry production (semi-intensive) 32 iii Industrial poultry production (intensive system) 32 v TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches CHAPTER 4: DATA DESCRIPTIONS AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 34 4.1 Data Description 34 4.1.1 Data Source 34 4.1.2 Data Descriptions 34 4.2 Method, Model specification and Variables definition 36 4.2.1 The first stage: Measurement of Technical efficiency 36 4.2.1.1 Measurement of Technical efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis 36 4.2.1.2 Measurement of Technical efficiency using Stochastic Frontier Model 38 i Production function specification 39 ii Estimation method specification 40 4.2.1.3 Variables Description for the first stage 41 4.2.1.4 Hypothesis testing 44 i Functional form specification test 45 ii Estimating method specification test 45 4.2.2 The second stage: Factorial decomposition of Technical efficiency 46 4.2.2.1 The Technical efficiency model 46 4.2.2.2 Variables description for the second stage 49 4.2.3 Research Hypotheses 53 CHAPTER 5: EMPIRICAL RESULTS AND DISSCUSION 54 5.1 The first stage: The estimation of the Technical efficiency scores 54 5.1.1 Testing null hypotheses for SFM approach in the first stage 54 i The Production Functional form specification test 55 ii The model specification test 57 5.1.2 Discussion on results obtained from the first stage 58 5.1.2.1 Comparing the Technical efficiency scores in SFM and DEA approaches 58 5.1.2.2 The distribution of technical efficiency scores in SFM and DEA approaches 60 5.1.2.3 Technical efficiency varies between agro-ecological regions 63 vi TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches Shao, B., & Lin, W T (2002) Technical efficiency analysis of information technology investments: a two-stage empirical investigation Information & Management, 39(5), 391-401 Sugiyama, M., Iddamalgoda, A., Oguri, K., & Kamiya, N (2003) Development of livestock sector in Asia: an analysis of present situation of livestock sector and its importance for future development Gifu City Women’s College, Gifu, Japan, 52 Theodoridis, A M., & Psychoudakis, A (2008) Efficiency measurement in Greek dairy farms: Stochastic frontier vs data envelopment analysis International Journal of Economic Sciences and Applied Research, (2), 53-66 Tian, W., & Wan, G H (2000) Technical efficiency and its determinants in China's grain production Journal of productivity analysis, 13(2), 159-174 Tung, D X., & Rasmussen, S (2005) Production function analysis for smallholder semisubsistence and semi-commercial poultry production systems in three agroecological regions in Northern provinces of Vietnam Livestock Research for Rural Development, 17(6), 19 Upton, M (2004) The role of livestock in economic development and poverty reduction Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Initiative Working Paper, 10 Wadud, A., & White, B (2000) Farm household efficiency in Bangladesh: a comparison of stochastic frontier and DEA methods Applied economics,32(13), 1665-1673 Zamanian, G R., Shahabinejad, V., & Yaghoubi, M (2013) Application of DEA and SFA on the Measurement of Agricultural Technical Efficiency in MENA Countries International Journal of Applied, 3(2), 43-51 77 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches Appendix Matrix of correlation between variables in Stochastic frontier production function of semi-industrial poultry farms lnOutput lnInitialbreed lnFeed lnMedicine lnFE lnOther lnWorker lnOutput lnInitialbreed 0.4854 lnFeed 0.7895 0.3982 lnMedicine 0.4556 0.2222 0.4142 lnFE 0.3766 0.2432 0.3928 0.4111 lnOther 0.2499 0.1815 0.2115 0.2906 0.301 lnWorker 0.4624 0.2532 0.3846 0.1666 0.1867 0.0562 Appendix Matrix of correlation between variables in Stochastic frontier production function of traditional poultry farms lnOutput lnOutput lnInitialbreed lnFeed lnMedicine lnFE lnOther lnWorker lnInitialbreed 0.3971 lnFeed 0.6871 0.2713 lnMedicine 0.3552 0.1312 0.3466 lnFE 0.1779 0.0789 0.2447 0.2403 lnOther 0.2511 0.1484 0.2687 0.22 0.2608 lnWorker 0.4263 0.2023 0.2665 0.1232 0.0488 0.0871 78 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches Appendix Matrix of correlation between variables in technical efficiency model of semi-industrial poultry farms tesfm Male Age Edu Training R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 VIF tesfm Male 0.059 Age -0.029 -0.132 Edu 0.043 0.138 -0.099 Training -0.004 -0.024 0.104 -0.001 R1 -0.089 -0.007 0.121 0.187 0.014 R2 -0.084 0.059 -0.166 -0.024 0.059 -0.420 R3 0.012 0.071 0.030 0.063 -0.041 -0.241 -0.295 R4 0.105 -0.010 -0.092 0.016 0.038 -0.151 -0.184 -0.106 1.33 R5 0.129 -0.058 0.115 -0.022 -0.015 -0.106 -0.130 -0.075 -0.047 1.17 1.05 1.10 1.12 1.03 2.07 2.13 1.68 Appendix Matrix of correlation between variables in technical efficiency model of traditional poultry farms tesfm Male Age Edu Training R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 VIF tesfm Male 0.013 Age -0.014 -0.221 Edu 0.089 0.071 -0.072 Training -0.028 -0.031 0.067 -0.212 R1 -0.020 -0.031 0.122 0.234 -0.048 R2 -0.038 0.064 -0.215 -0.159 0.121 -0.366 R3 0.017 0.008 0.105 0.087 -0.066 -0.281 -0.422 R4 0.051 0.002 -0.048 -0.050 0.010 -0.145 -0.217 -0.167 1.07 R5 0.078 0.005 -0.007 -0.002 -0.041 -0.085 -0.128 -0.098 -0.051 1.27 1.06 1.13 1.15 1.07 2.58 3.12 2.74 79 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches Appendix OLS regression of technical efficiency model of traditional poultry farms Appendix Testing heteroskedasticity for OLS regression of technical efficiency model of traditional poultry farms 80 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches Appendix Testing heteroskedasticity for OLS-robust regression of technical efficiency model of traditional poultry farms 81 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches Appendix Summary of Empirical Studies at measuring technical efficiency of poultry sector Author Alabi, R A., & Aruna, M B (2005) Tung, D X., & Rasmussen, S (2005) Heidari, M D., Omid, M., & Akram, A (2011) Ike, P C (2011) Title Method - Estimating TE: Output: Income from poultry Input: feed expense, medicine expense, income from other livestock - Explanation variables of TE: Age of farmer, family size, gender, index of adopt innovation Technical efficiency of family - SFM poultry production in Niger-Delta, - MLE Nigeria Production function analysis for smallholder semisubsistence and semi-commercial poultry production systems in three agro-ecological regions in Northern provinces of VN Using nonparametric analysis (DEA) for measuring technical efficiency in poultry farms Proxy - Cobbdouglas producti on function - OLS method CCRDEA BCCDEA Resource Use and - SFM Technical Efficiency of Small - CD function Scale Poultry Farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria: A - MLE Stochastic Frontier Analysis Results - TE score is 22% - Increasing TE and production by use more inputs and adoption more innovation - The production technology is difference - Estimating TE: between three regions - Productions within Output: Production of different poultry poultry production systems are similar for each region Input: number of birds, - Increase poultry feed, labor, garden production by increase size, income level and number of birds, feed cost of veterinary per birds and animal health - Estimating TE: Output: Production of Household raise poultry poultry under industrial system Input: cost of labors, has technical efficiency feed, chick, fuel and score around 90% electricity - Estimating TE: Output: Income from poultry Input: farm size (number of birds), capital, initial stock, labor, feed and cost of drugs - Explanation variables of TE: Age, gender, education, experience of farmers, household size, poultry production system, extension contact and membership of cooperatives - TE score is 72% - Technical efficiency is improved by using improved breeds and increasing education of farmer 82 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches Ohajianya, D O., Mgbada, J U., Onu, P N., Enyia, C O., Henri-Ukoha, A., BenChendo, N G., & GodsonIbeji, C C (2013) Jatto, N A., Maikasuwa, M A., Jabo, M S M., & Gunu, U I (2012) Rafiee, S., Sefeedpari, P., & Akram, A (2013) - SFM Technical and economic efficiencies in poultry production in Imo State, Nigeria Assessing the technical efficiency level of poultry egg producers in Ilorin, Kwara State: A Data Envelopment Analysis approach Identifying sustainable and efficient poultry farms in the light of energy use efficiency: a Data Envelopment Analysis approach - CD function - MLE - Estimating TE Output: Income from poultry Input: feed, labor, medicine, flock size, capital, management and other inputs - All input factors are significant with positive signs - The technical efficiency score is ranged from 0.36 to 0.97 with mean score is 0.75 - Estimating TE Input orientated DEA Output: Egg yields Input: number of birds, kilogram of feed, working day of labors Mean of Technical inefficiency is 26% - Estimating TE Output: Egg yields CCR DEA Input: labor, equipment, fossil fuel, electricity, feed and pullet BCC DEA Poultry farms can increase their profit by reduce input used 22% 83 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches (LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches(LUAN.van.THAC.si).technical.efficiency.of.poultry.farms.in.vietnam.non.parametric.and.parametric.approaches