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Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Inequalities and Applications Volume 2009, Article ID 865093, 17 pages doi:10.1155/2009/865093 ResearchArticleGeneralNonlinearRandomEquationswithRandomMultivaluedOperatorinBanach Spaces Heng-You Lan, 1 Yeol Je Cho, 2 and Wei Xie 1 1 Department of Mathematics, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, China 2 Department of Mathematics Education and the RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju 660-701, South Korea Correspondence should be addressed to Yeol Je Cho, yjcho@gsnu.ac.kr Received 16 December 2008; Accepted 27 February 2009 Recommended by Jewgeni Dshalalow We introduce and study a new class of generalnonlinearrandommultivaluedoperatorequations involving generalized m-accretive mappings inBanach spaces. By using the Chang’s lemma and the resolvent operator technique for generalized m-accretive mapping due to Huang and Fang 2001, we also prove the existence theorems of the solution and convergence theorems of the generalized random iterative procedures with errors for this nonlinearrandommultivaluedoperatorequationsin q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. The results presented in this paper improve and generalize some known corresponding results in iterature. Copyright q 2009 Heng-You Lan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1. Introduction and Preliminaries The variational principle has been one of the major branches of mathematical sciences for more than two centuries. It is a tool of great power that can be applied to a wide variety of problems in pure and applied sciences. It can be used to interpret the basic principles of mathematical and physical sciences in the form of simplicity and elegance. During this period, the variational principles have played an important and significant part as a unifying influence in pure and applied sciences and as a guide in the mathematical interpretation of many physical phenomena. The variational principles have played a fundamental role in the development of the general theory of relativity, gauge field theory in modern particle physics and soliton theory. In recent years, these principles have been enriched by the discovery of the variational inequality theory, which is mainly due to Hartman and Stampacchia 1. Variational inequality theory constituted a significant extension of the variational principles and describes a broad spectrum of very interesting developments involving a link among 2 Journal of Inequalities and Applications various fields of mathematics, physics, economics, regional, and engineering sciences. The ideas and techniques are being applied in a variety of diverse areas of sciences and prove to be productive and innovative. In fact, many researchers have shown that this theory provides the most natural, direct, simple, unified, and efficient framework for a general treatment of a wide class of unrelated linear and nonlinear problems. Variational inclusion is an important generalization of variational inequality, which has been studied extensively by many authors see, e.g., 2–14 and the references therein. In 2001, Huang and Fang 15 introduced the concept of a generalized m-accretive mapping, which is a generalization of an m-accretive mapping, and gave the definition of the resolvent operator for the generalized m-accretive mapping inBanach spaces. Recently, Huang et al. 6, 7, Huang 8, Jin and Liu 9 and Lan et al. 11 introduced and studied some new classes of nonlinear variational inclusions involving generalized m-accretive mappings inBanach spaces. By using the resolvent operator technique in 6, they constructed some new iterative algorithms for solving the nonlinear variational inclusions involving generalized m-accretive mappings. Further, they also proved the existence of solutions for nonlinear variational inclusions involving generalized m-accretive mappings and convergence of sequences generated by the algorithms. On the other hand, It is well known that the study of the randomequations involving the random operators in view of their need in dealing with probabilistic models in applied sciences is very important. Motivated and inspired by the recent research works in these fascinating areas, the random variational inequality problems, random quasi- variational inequality problems, random variational inclusion problems and random quasi- complementarity problems have been introduced and studied by Ahmad and Baz ´ an 16, Chang 17, Chang and Huang 18, Cho et al. 19 , Ganguly and Wadhwa 20, Huang 21, Huang and Cho 22 , Huang et al. 23, and Noor and Elsanousi 24. Inspired and motivated by recent works in these fields see 3, 11, 12, 16, 25– 28, in this paper, we introduce and study a new class of generalnonlinearrandommultivaluedoperatorequations involving generalized m-accretive mappings inBanach spaces. By using the Chang’s lemma and the resolvent operator technique for generalized m-accretive mapping due to Huang and Fang 15, we also prove the existence t heorems of the solution and convergence theorems of the generalized random iterative procedures with errors for this nonlinearrandommultivaluedoperatorequationsin q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces. The results presented in this paper improve and generalize some known corresponding results in literature. Throughout this paper, we suppose that Ω,A,μ is a complete σ-finite measure space and E is a separable real Banach space endowed with dual space E ∗ , the norm ·and the dual pair ·, · between E and E ∗ . We denote by BE the class of Borel σ-fields in E.Let2 E and CBE denote the family of all t he nonempty subsets of E, the family of all the nonempty bounded closed sets of E, respectively. The generalized duality mapping J q : E → 2 E ∗ is defined by J q x f ∗ ∈ E ∗ : x, f ∗ x q , f ∗ x q−1 1.1 for all x ∈ E, where q>1 is a constant. In particular, J 2 is the usual normalized duality mapping. It is well known that, in general, J q xx q−2 J 2 x for all x / 0andJ q is single- valued if E ∗ is strictly convex see, e.g., 28.IfE H is a Hilbert space, then J 2 becomes the Journal of Inequalities and Applications 3 identity mapping of H. In what follows we will denote the single-valued generalized duality mapping by j q . Suppose that A : Ω × E × E → 2 E is a randommultivaluedoperator such that for each fixed t ∈ Ω and s ∈ E, At, ·,s : E → 2 E is a generalized m-accretive mapping and Rangep domAt, ·,s / ∅.LetS, p : Ω×E → E, η : Ω×E×E → E and N : Ω×E×E×E → E be single-valued operators, and let M, T, G : Ω × E → 2 E be three multivalued operators. Now, we consider the following problem. Find x, v, w : Ω → E such that vt ∈ Tt, xt, wt ∈ Gt, xt, and 0 ∈ N t, S t, x t ,u t ,v t A t, p t, x t ,w t 1.2 for all t ∈ Ω and u ∈ Mt, xt. The problem 1.2 is called the generalnonlinearrandom equation withmultivaluedoperator involving generalized m-accretive mapping inBanach spaces. Some special cases of the problem 1.2 are as follows. 1 If G is a single-valued operator, p ≡ I, the identity mapping and Nt, x, y, z ft, zgt, x, y for all t ∈ Ω and x, y, z ∈ E, then problem 1.2 is equivalent to finding x, v : Ω → E such that vt ∈ Tt, xt and 0 ∈ f t, v t g t, S t, x t ,u t A t, x t ,G t, x t 1.3 for all t ∈ Ω and u ∈ Mt, xt. The determinate form of the problem 1.3 was considered and studied by Agarwal et al. 2 when G ≡ I. 2 If At, x, sAt, x for all t ∈ Ω, x, s ∈ E and, for all t ∈ Ω, At, · : E → 2 E is a generalized m-accretive mapping, then the problem 1.2 reduces to the following generalized nonlinearrandommultivaluedoperator equation involving generalized m- accretive mapping inBanach spaces. Find x, v : Ω → E such that vt ∈ Tt, xt and 0 ∈ N t, S t, x t ,u t ,v t A t, p t, x t 1.4 for all t ∈ Ω and u ∈ Mt, xt. 3 If E E ∗ H is a Hilbert space and At, ·∂φt, · for all t ∈ Ω, where ∂φt, · denotes the subdifferential of a lower semicontinuous and η-subdifferetiable function φ : Ω × H → R ∪{∞}, then the problem 1.4 becomes the following problem. Find x, v : Ω → H such that vt ∈ Tt, xt and N t, S t, x t ,u t ,v t ,η t, z, p t, x t ≥φ t, p t, x t − φ t, z 1.5 for all t ∈ Ω, u ∈ Mt, xt, and z ∈ H, which is called the generalized nonlinearrandom variational inclusions for randommultivalued operators in Hilbert spaces. The determinate form of the problem 1.5 was studied by Agarwal et al. 3 when NSx,u,vpx − Bu, v for all x, u, v ∈ H, where B : H × H → H is a single-valued operator. 4 If ηt, ut,vt ut − vt for all t ∈ Ω, ut,v t ∈ H, then the problem 1.5 reduces to the following nonlinearrandom variational inequalities. 4 Journal of Inequalities and Applications Find x, v, w : Ω → H such that vt ∈ Tt, xt, u ∈ Mt, xt, and N t, S t, x t ,u t ,v t ,z− p t, x t ≥φ t, p t, x t − φ t, z 1.6 for all t ∈ Ω and z ∈ H, whose determinate form is a generalization of the problem considered in 4, 5, 29. 5 If, in the problem 1.6, φ is the indictor function of a nonempty closed convex set K in H defined in the form φ y ⎧ ⎨ ⎩ 0ify ∈ K, ∞ otherwise, 1.7 then 1.6 becomes the following problem. Find x, u, v : Ω → H such that vt ∈ Tt, xt, u ∈ Mt, xt, and N t, S t, x t ,u t ,v t ,z− p t, x t ≥0 1.8 for all t ∈ Ω and z ∈ K. The problem 1.8 has been studied by Cho et al. 19 when Nt, x, ut,vt ut − vt for all t ∈ Ω, xt,ut, vt ∈ H. Remark 1.1. For appropriate and suitable choices of S, p, N, η, M, G, T, A and for the space E, a number of known classes of random variational inequality, random quasi-variational inequality, random complementarity, and random quasi-complementarity problems were studied previously by many authors see, e.g., 17–20 , 22–24 and the references therein. In this paper, we will use the following definitions and lemmas. Definition 1.2. An operator x : Ω → E is said to be measurable if, for any B ∈BE, {t ∈ Ω : xt ∈ B}∈A. Definition 1.3. An operator F : Ω×E → E is called a randomoperator if for any x ∈ E, Ft, x yt is measurable. A randomoperator F is said to be continuous resp., linear, bounded if, for any t ∈ Ω, the operator Ft, · : E → E is continuous resp., linear, bounded. Similarly, we can define a randomoperator a : Ω × E × E → E. We will write F t x Ft, xt and a t x, yat, xt,yt for all t ∈ Ω and xt,yt ∈ E. It is well known that a measurable operator is necessarily a random operator. Definition 1.4. A multivaluedoperator G : Ω → 2 E is said to be measurable if, for any B ∈ BE, G −1 B{t ∈ Ω : Gt ∩ B / ∅} ∈ A. Definition 1.5. An operator u : Ω → E is called a measurable selection of a multivalued measurable operator Γ : Ω → 2 E if u is measurable and for any t ∈ Ω, ut ∈ Γt. Definition 1.6. A multivaluedoperator F : Ω × E → 2 E is called a randommultivaluedoperator if, for any x ∈ E, F·,x is measurable. A randommultivaluedoperator F : Ω × E → CBE Journal of Inequalities and Applications 5 is said to be H-continuous if, for any t ∈ Ω, Ft, · is continuous in H·, ·, where H·, · is the Hausdorff metric on CBE defined as follows: for any given A, B ∈ CBE, H A, B max sup x∈A inf y∈B d x, y , sup y∈B inf x∈A d x, y . 1.9 Definition 1.7. A randomoperator g : Ω × E → E is said to be a α-strongly accretive if there exists j 2 xt − yt ∈ J 2 xt − yt such that g t x − g t y ,j 2 x t − y t ≥α t xt − yt 2 1.10 for all xt,yt ∈ E and t ∈ Ω, where αt > 0 is a real-valued random variable; b β-Lipschitz continuous if there exists a real-valued random variable βt > 0 such that g t x − g t y ≤ β t x t − y t 1.11 for all xt,yt ∈ E and t ∈ Ω. Definition 1.8. Let S : Ω × E → E be a random operator. An operator N : Ω × E × E × E → E is said to be a -strongly accretive with respect to S in the first argument if there exists j 2 xt − yt ∈ J 2 xt − yt such that N t S t x , ·, · − N t S t y , ·, · ,j 2 x t − y t ≥ t xt − yt 2 1.12 for all xt,yt ∈ E, and t ∈ Ω, where t > 0 is a real-valued random variable; b -Lipschitz continuous in the first argument if there exists a real-valued random variable εt > 0 such that N t x, ·, · − N t y, ·, · ≤ t x t − y t 1.13 for all xt,yt ∈ E and t ∈ Ω. Similarly, we can define the Lipschitz continuity in the second argument and third argument of N·, ·, ·. Definition 1.9. Let η : Ω × E × E → E ∗ be a randomoperator and M : Ω × E → 2 E be a randommultivalued operator. Then M is said to be a η-accretive if u t − v t ,η t x, y ≥ 0 1.14 for all xt,yt ∈ E, ut ∈ M t x, vt ∈ M t y, and t ∈ Ω, where M t z Mt, zt; 6 Journal of Inequalities and Applications b strictlyη-accretive if u t − v t ,η t x, y ≥0 1.15 for all xt,yt ∈ E, ut ∈ M t x, vt ∈ M t y, and t ∈ Ω and the equality holds if and only if utvt for all t ∈ Ω; c stronglyη-accretive if there exists a real-valued random variable rt > 0 such that u t − v t ,η t x, y ≥r t xt − yt 2 1.16 for all xt,yt ∈ E, ut ∈ M t x, vt ∈ M t y, and t ∈ Ω; d generalizedm-accretive if M is η-accretive and I λtMt, ·EE for all t ∈ Ω and equivalently, for some λt > 0. Remark 1.10. If E E ∗ H is a Hilbert space, then a–d of Definition 1.9 reduce to the definition of η-monotonicity, strict η-monotonicity, strong η-monotonicity, and maximal η- monotonicity, respectively; if E is uniformly smooth and ηx, yj 2 x − y ∈ J 2 x − y, then a–d of Definition 1.9reduces to the definitions of accretive, strictly accretive, strongly accretive, and m-accretive operators in uniformly smooth Banach spaces, respectively. Definition 1.11. The operator η : Ω × E × E → E ∗ is said to be a monotone if x t − y t ,η t x, y ≥ 0 1.17 for all xt,yt ∈ E and t ∈ Ω; b strictly monotone if x t − y t ,η t x, y ≥0 1.18 for all xt,yt ∈ E, and t ∈ Ω and the equality holds if and only if xtyt for all t ∈ Ω; c δ-strongly monotone if there exists a measurable function δ : Ω → 0, ∞ such that x t − y t ,η t x, y ≥δ t xt − yt 2 1.19 for all xt,yt ∈ E and t ∈ Ω; d τ-Lipschitz continuous if there exists a real-valued random variable τt > 0 such that η t x, y ≤ τ t x t − y t 1.20 for all xt,yt ∈ E, and t ∈ Ω. Journal of Inequalities and Applications 7 Definition 1.12. A multivalued measurable operator T : Ω × E → CBE is said to be γ-H-Lipschitz continuous if there exists a measurable function γ : Ω → 0, ∞ such that, for any t ∈ Ω, H T t x ,T t y ≤ γ t x t − y t 1.21 for all xt,yt ∈ E. The modules of smoothness of E is the function ρ E : 0, ∞ → 0, ∞ defined by ρ E t sup 1 2 x y x − y − 1: x ≤ 1, y ≤ t . 1.22 A Banach space E is called uniformly smooth if lim t → 0 ρ E t/t0andE is called q-uniformly smooth if there exists a constant c>0 such that ρ Et ≤ ct q , where q>1 is a real number. It is well known that Hilbert spaces, L p or l p spaces, 1 <p<∞ and the Sobolev spaces W m,p , 1 <p<∞,areallq-uniformly smooth. In the study of characteristic inequalities in q-uniformly smooth Banach spaces, Xu 30 proved the following result. Lemma 1.13. Let q>1 be a given real number and let E be a real uniformly smooth Banach space. Then E is q-uniformly smooth if and only if there exists a constant c q > 0 such that, for all x, y ∈ E and j q x ∈ J q x, the following inequality holds: x y q ≤ x q qy, j q x c q y q . 1.23 Definition 1.14. Let A : Ω × E → 2 E be a generalized m-accretive mapping. Then the resolvent operatorJ ρt A for A is defined as follows: J ρt A z I ρtA −1 z 1.24 for all t ∈ Ω and z ∈ E, where ρ : Ω → 0, ∞ is a measurable function and η : Ω × E × E → E ∗ is a strictly monotone mapping. From Huang et al. 6, 15, we can obtain the following lemma. Lemma 1.15. Let η : Ω × E × E → E ∗ be δ-strongly monotone and τ-Lipschitz continuous. Let A : Ω × E → 2 E be a generalized m-accretive mapping. Then the resolvent operator J ρt A for A is Lipschitz continuous with constant τt/δt, that is, J ρt A x − J ρt A y ≤ τ t δ t x − y 1.25 for all t ∈ Ω and x, y ∈ E. 8 Journal of Inequalities and Applications 2. Random Iterative Algorithms In this section, we suggest and analyze a new class of iterative methods and construct some new random iterative algorithms with errors for solving the problems 1.2–1.4, respectively. Lemma 2.1 31. Let M : Ω × E → CBE be an H-continuous randommultivalued operator. Then, for any measurable operator x : Ω → E, the multivaluedoperator M·,x· : Ω → CBE is measurable. Lemma 2.2 31. Let M, V : Ω ×E → CBE be two measurable multivalued operators, let >0 be a constant, and let x : Ω → E be a measurable selection of M. Then there exists a measurable selection y : Ω → E of V such that, for any t ∈ Ω, x t − y t ≤ 1 H M t ,V t . 2.1 Lemma 2.3. Measurable operators x, u, v, w : Ω → E are a solution of the problem 1.2 if and only if p t x J ρt A t ·,w p t x − ρ t N t S t x ,u,v , 2.2 where J ρt A t ·,w I ρtA t ·,w −1 and ρt > 0 is a real-valued random variable. Proof. The proof directly follows from the definition of J ρt A t ·,w andsoitisomitted. Based on Lemma 2.3, we can develop a new iterative algorithm for solving the generalnonlinearrandom equation 1.2 as follows. Algorithm 2.4. Let A : Ω × E × E → 2 E be a randommultivaluedoperator such that for each fixed t ∈ Ω and s ∈ E, At, ·,s : E → 2 E is a generalized m-accretive mapping, and Rangep dom At, ·,s / ∅.LetS, p : Ω×E → E, η : Ω×E×E → E and N : Ω×E×E×E → E be single-valued operators, and let M, T, G : Ω×E → 2 E be three multivalued operators, and let λ : Ω → 0, 1 be a measurable step size function. Then, by Lemma 2.1 and Himmelberg 32, it is known that, for given x 0 · ∈ E, the multivalued operators M·,x 0 ·,T·,x 0 ·, and G·,x 0 · are measurable and there exist measurable selections u 0 · ∈ M·,x 0 ·,v 0 · ∈ T·,x 0 ·, and w 0 · ∈ G·,x 0 ·.Set x 1 t x 0 t − λ t p t x 0 − J ρt A t ·,w 0 p t x 0 − ρ t N t S t x 0 ,u 0 ,v 0 λ t e 0 t , 2.3 where ρ and A are the same as in Lemma 2.3 and e 0 : Ω → E is a measurable function. Then it is easy to know that x 1 : Ω → E is measurable. Since u 0 t ∈ M t x 0 ∈ CBE,v 0 t ∈ Journal of Inequalities and Applications 9 T t x 0 ∈ CBE, and w 0 t ∈ G t x 0 ∈ CBE,byLemma 2.2, there exist measurable selections u 1 t ∈ M t x 1 ,v 1 t ∈ T t x 1 , and w 1 t ∈ G t x 1 such that, for all t ∈ Ω, u 0 t − u 1 t ≤ 1 1 1 H M t x 0 ,M t x 1 , v 0 t − v 1 t ≤ 1 1 1 H T t x 0 ,T t x 1 , w 0 t − w 1 t ≤ 1 1 1 H G t x 0 ,G t x 1 . 2.4 By induction, one can define sequences {x n t}, {u n t}, {v n t}, and {w n t} inductively satisfying x n1 t x n t − λ t p t x n − J ρ t A t ·,w n p t x n − ρ t N t S t x n ,u n ,v n λ t e n t , u n t ∈ M t x n , u n t − u n1 t ≤ 1 1 n 1 H M t x n ,M t x n1 , v n t ∈ T t x n , v n t − v n1 t ≤ 1 1 n 1 H T t x n ,T t x n1 , w n t ∈ G t x n , w n t − w n1 t ≤ 1 1 n 1 H G t x n ,G t x n1 , 2.5 where e n t is an error to take into account a possible inexact computation of the resolvent operator point, which satisfies the following conditions: lim n →∞ e n t 0, ∞ n1 e n t − e n−1 t < ∞ 2.6 for all t ∈ Ω. From Algorithm 2.4, we can get the following algorithms. Algorithm 2.5. Suppose that E, A, η, S, M, T and λ are the same as in Algorithm 2.4.Let G : Ω × E → E be a random single-valued operator, p ≡ I and Nt, x, y, zft, zgt, x, y for all t ∈ Ω and x,y, z ∈ E. Then, for given measurable x 0 : Ω → E, one has x n1 t 1 − λ t x n t λ t J ρt A t ·,G t x n x n t − ρ t f t v n g t S t x n ,u n λ t e n t , u n t ∈ M t x n , u n t − u n1 t ≤ 1 1 n 1 H M t x n ,M t x n1 , v n t ∈ T t x n , v n t − v n1 t ≤ 1 1 n 1 H T t x n ,T t x n1 , 2.7 where e n t is the same as in Algorithm 2.4. 10 Journal of Inequalities and Applications Algorithm 2.6. Let A : Ω × E → 2 E be a randommultivaluedoperator such that for each fixed t ∈ Ω, At, · : E → 2 E is a generalized m-accretive mapping, and Rangep domAt, · / ∅. If S, p, η, N, M, T, and λ are the same as in Algorithm 2.4, then, for given measurable x 0 : Ω → E, we have x n1 t x n t − λ t p t x n − J ρt A t · p t x n − ρ t N t S t x n ,u n ,v n λ t e n t , u n t ∈ M t x n , u n t − u n1 t ≤ 1 1 n 1 H M t x n ,M t x n1 , v n t ∈ T t x n , v n t − v n1 t ≤ 1 1 n 1 H T t x n ,T t x n1 , 2.8 where e n t is the same as in Algorithm 2.4. Remark 2.7. Algorithms 2.4–2.6 include several known algorithms of 2, 4–9, 12, 17–23, 25, 26, 29 as special cases. 3. Existence and Convergence Theorems In this section, we will prove the convergence of the iterative sequences generated by the algorithms inBanach spaces. Theorem 3.1. Suppose that E is a q-uniformly smooth and separable real Banach space, p : Ω ×E → E is α-strongly accretive and β-Lipschitz continuous, and A : Ω×E×E → 2 E is a randommultivaluedoperator such that for each fixed t ∈ Ω and s ∈ E, At, ·,s : E → 2 E is a generalized m-accretive mapping and Rangep dom At, ·,s / ∅.Letη : Ω × E × E → E be δ-strongly monotone and τ-Lipschitz continuous, and let S : Ω × E → E be a σ-Lipschitz continuous random operator, and let N : Ω × E × E × E → E be -strongly accretive with respect to S and -Lipschitz continuous in the first argument, and μ-Lipschitz continuous in the second argument, ν-Lipschitz continuous in the third argument, respectively. Let multivalued operators M, T, G : Ω × E → CBE be γ- H-Lipschitz continuous, ξ-H-Lipschitz continuous, ζ-H-Lipschitz continuous, respectively. 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Jewgeni Dshalalow We introduce and study a new class of general nonlinear random multivalued operator equations involving generalized m-accretive mappings in Banach spaces. By using the Chang’s lemma and. m-accretive mapping, then the problem 1.2 reduces to the following generalized nonlinear random multivalued operator equation involving generalized m- accretive mapping in Banach spaces. Find x, v. the random equations involving the random operators in view of their need in dealing with probabilistic models in applied sciences is very important. Motivated and inspired by the recent research