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VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST - GRADUATE STUDIES ************** TRẦN VĂN DŨNG A STUDY ON THE PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED BY GRADE 10TH STUDENTS AT THAI NGUYEN UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL IN THAI NGUYEN CITY IN LEARNING ENGLISH LISTENING SKILL (NGHIÊN CỨU VỀ NHỮNG KHÓ KHĂN HỌC SINH LỚP 10 TRƯỜNG THPT THÁI NGUYÊN GẶP PHẢI TRONG KHI HỌC KĨ NĂNG NGHE TIẾNG ANH) M.A MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH TEACHING METHODOLOGY CODE: 60140111 Hanoi, 2014 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com VIETNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST - GRADUATE STUDIES ************** TRẦN VĂN DŨNG A STUDY ON THE PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED BY GRADE 10TH STUDENTS AT THAI NGUYEN UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL IN THAI NGUYEN CITY IN LEARNING ENGLISH LISTENING SKILL (NGHIÊN CỨU VỀ NHỮNG KHÓ KHĂN HỌC SINH LỚP 10 TRƯỜNG THPT THÁI NGUYÊN GẶP PHẢI TRONG KHI HỌC KĨ NĂNG NGHE TIẾNG ANH) M.A MINOR PROGRAMME THESIS FIELD: ENGLISH TEACHING METHODOLOGY CODE: 60140111 SUPERVISOR: HÀ CẨM TÂM, PhD Hanoi, 2014 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com DECLARATION -I, Trần Văn Dũng, hereby certify that this minor thesis entitled A STUDY ON THE PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED BY GRADE 10TH STUDENTS AT THAI NGUYEN UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOL IN THAI NGUYEN CITY IN LEARNING ENGLISH LISTENING SKILL is completely the result of my own word for the Degree of Master at University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi and that this thesis has not been submitted for any degree at any other university or institution i TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deepest thanks to Dr Hà Cẩ m Tâm for her assistance, encouragement as well as her guidance she gave me while I was doing my research I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all my lecturers at the Department of Post-graduate Studies, College of Foreign Languages, Vietnam National University, Hanoi whose support and considerations have enabled me to pursue the course I would also like to express my thanks to the teachers of English at Thai Nguyen high school who helped me in providing the materials, giving me encouragement and making constructive comments I am also thankful to my grade 10th students at Thai Nguyen high school for their participation in the study Last but not least, I owe my sincere thanks to my parents, my elder sister who have always inspired and encouraged me to complete this study ii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 ABSTRACT Listening ability is one of the important skills in foreign language learning In spite of its importance, listening has long been the neglected skill in foreign language acquisition, research, teaching, and assessment The study attempts to uncover the difficulties encountered by grade 10th students at Thai Nguyen high school in learning listening skill 90 students participated in collecting data for the study The data was gathered by means of listening exercises and practice readings The results of the study showed stress, intonation and rhythm were the major listening comprehension problems encountered by grade 10th students at Thai Nguyen high school in learning listening skill Suggestions are made for addressing problems regarding how teachers can help their students overcome listening comprehension problems The results of this study may also be useful for those who are interested in this field ABSTRACT iii TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 LISTS OF TABLES AND FIGURES LISTS OF TABLES Table 1: The result of stress 21 Table 2: The result of sentence stress 23 Table 3: The students‟ results of falling tune after listening 25 Table 4: The students‟ results of rising – falling tune after reading practice 27 Table 5: The sentence rhythm in sentence 29 LISTS OF FIGTURES Figure1: The result of word stress 22 Figure 2: Wrong answer by tunes 25 Figure 3: The students‟ results of falling tune after listening 26 Figure 4: The word rhythm in sentence 29 iv TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 PART C: CONCLUSION In this part, there are sections The first section mentions about conclusions The second section is implication The third section states some limitations of the study The forth section offers some suggestions for further researcher in the field of teaching and learning listening skill Reference is the following part for this study and appendices, which include all documents relating to the study Conclusions Being one of the teachers of English at Thai Nguyen high school, the researcher can see clearly that the listening comprehension is the most difficult among four skills Therefore, the researcher has conducted this research with a view to finding out the difficulties encountered by grade10th students I have reviewed relevant literature on listening to again the theoretical background for the study The study was conducted with the analysis of data collected from listening exercises and observation The researcher came to the following conclusion: The study confirmed that the target students encountered listening difficulties while they are engaged in learning English listening skill The first problem in learning listening comprehension was mentioned in the thesis is stress The research concentrated on words stress and sentence stress From the data collected the listening exercises, students are having difficulties in learning this skill due to stress and they need the help to improve this skill better The study reveals that learner‟s listening difficulties emerged from intonation It is important in listening and learners need a systematic framework and direct instruction on how to cope with the stream of speech in order to make it more comprehensible and thus promote acquisition They need to be shown how spoken English differs from the written form, how it too is systematic but in a way that is different from the written form and some may even need to be convinced that English as it appears in the spoken form is not somehow corrupt or incorrect A focus on listening using the discourse intonation approach may assist learners This study has argued for the inclusion of intonational features of English in the syllabuses designed for the teaching of English as a second/foreign language, and provided a practical framework of English intonation, which is based on the present author's experiences Intonation, the non-grammatical, non-lexical component of communication, is an inseparable component of utterances Speech without intonational features is no more than a machine output Intonation is a paralinguistic device in vocal communication It 31 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 reveals many facets of the communication process taking into consideration all factors present in the discourse context Therefore, it is an indispensable part of speech Tones are important discourse strategies to communicate effectively; simply, it is not what you say, it is how you say it Therefore, a proficiency in intonation is a requirement for non-native learners of English for a better communicative discourse with native or non-native speakers of English The thesis has discussed the English rhythm – one of problems students face in listening comprehension From the analysis revealed that the rhythm made students have difficulties in learning listening comprehension due to the rhythm Implications From the result of the study, we can see that stress, intonation and rhythm are problems that students have when learning listening comprehension To improve listening skill, students have to pay more attention to stress of word and sentences They should know about the rules of stress and intonation Student should understand about the rhythm because it can help them have main information when learning skill To help students overcome problems in listening skill, the teacher should provide them with beneficial rules about both stress and intonation The teacher can design exercises about stress, intonation, rhythm to help students practice and when practicing, the teacher should focus on stress, intonation, rhythm more Limitations of the study The researcher has tried best to offer some objective findings through the research In most research projects, limitation is unavoidable The study has presented in this thesis is of no exception Regarding the method, the research conducted observation by students But the number of the students participating in observation is not big This can affect the results of result of the study because the more students participated in observation, the more exact the data of the research was Suggestions for further research On the basis of the finding and the limitation of the study, some suggestions for further are made 32 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 From the results of research, the students have faced a number of difficulties in learning listening comprehension Therefore; more studies on techniques to improve listening skill and the effectiveness of listening lessons should be carried out In addition, an analysis on students‟ motivation and need should be carried out to get deeper insights into this issue Besides, the researcher should be conducted by more listening exercises and observation with many students to get more insight and exact findings The researches on how to adapt listening activities in “Tieng Anh 10” textbook should be carried out so that listening comprehension would be effective and students would be interested in listening skill Lastly, It is also necessary to study more about teaching strategies needed to teach English effectively for particular ethnic minority to help student in these areas to have condition in learning listening skill 33 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 REFERENCES Adler, R., Rosenfeld, L and Proctor R (2011) Interplay: the process of interpersonal communicating Ford Worth, TX: Harcourt Anderson, A & Lynch, T (1988) Listening Oxford University Press 1991 Anderson, Ann, Lynch Listening Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991 Bentley, S., & Bacon, S.E (1996) The all new, state – of – the – art ILA definition of listening: Now that we have it, what we with it? Listening Post Brazil, D., M Coulthard and C Johns 1995 Discourse Intonation and Language Teaching Longman: London Carrel, P.L., Brecht, J.C (1983) Schema theory and ESL reading TESOL Quarterly 17, 218 – 232 Cauldwell, R 1993 Evaluating Descriptions of Intonation: A Comparison of Discourse Intonation and Crystal‟s Description University of Birmingham: Birmingham Chaudron, C % Richart, J.C (1986) The effect of discourse markers on the comprehension of lecturers Applied linguistics, 7, 113-127 Crystal, D, 1969 Prosodic Systems and Intonation in English Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 10 Dickerson, W B 1989 Stress in the Speech Stream: The Rhythm of Spoken English Urbana: University of Illinois Press 11 Do Thi Thu Thuy (2005) Difficulties in acquiring listening skill of first-year English majors in foreign language department, Hai Phong university 12 Do Van Hoa (20120) Improving listening skill for third-year students at Hong Duc University through portfolio Unpublished MA Thesis, Hanoi National University, Vietnam 13 Halle, Morris (1973) Stress rules in English: A new version Linguistic Inquiry pp 451–464 14 Halliday, M A K 1967 Intonation and Grammar in British English The Hague: Mouton 15 Hedge, Tricia Teaching and Learning in the Language Classroom Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000 16 Hirsch, R (1991).defining listening: Synthesis and discussion Paper presented at the 7th annual meeting of the international listening association USA 34 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 17 Howatt A & Dakin J (1974) Language laboratory materials Techniques in Applied Linguistics Edinburgh Course in Applied Linguistics Vol 3.London Oxford University Press 18 http://usefulenglish.ru/phonetics/rising-intonation 19 Kingston, J and Diehl, R.L (1994) Phonetic knowledge Language, 70, 419-454 20 Ladefoged, P.1982 (1975) A Course in Phonetics New York: Harcourt Jovanovich 21 Levis, M K 1999 Intonation in Theory and Practice, Revisited TESOL Quarterly, 3: 37-63 22 Lundsteen, Sara W (1979) Listening – Its impact on reading and the other Language Arts National Council of Teachers of English Urbana Illinois 23 Mc Donough (1999) Race – based or Conflict – based College Admission? Paper presented at the annual meeting of the America Educational Research Association, Montreal 24 Pearson, P.D (1983).Instructional Implications of listening comprehension research Center for the study of reading Urbana Illinois 25 Phung Thi Thu Hoai.(2008) Listening difficulties perceived by teachers and students in using the new English textbook for grade 10 at Que Vo II uppersecondary school in Bac Ninh, Unpublished MA.Thesis, Hanoi National University, Vietnam 26 River and Temperly (1978) A practical guide to the teaching of English as a second or foreign (language Oxford University Press 27 Rixon, Shelagh Developing Listening Skills London: Macmillan, 1986 28 Rost, Micahel Listening in Language Learning New York: Longman, 1994 29 Scarcella, R C., & Oxford, R.L (1992) The tapestry of language learning: the individual in the communicative classroom Boston, MA: Heinle & Heinle publisher 30 Thompson, I., &Rubin, (1996) Can strategy instruction improve listening comprehension? Foreign language Annals, 29, 331-342 31 Underwood, Mary Teaching Listening New York: Longman, 1989 32 Ur, Penny A Course in Language Teaching: Practice and Theory 33 Vandergrift, L (1998) Successful and unsuccessful listener in French; what are the strategy differences? The French review, 71/3, 370-394 35 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 34 Wing, B.H (ED) (1986) Listening, reading, writing: Analysis and application Middlebury, VT: Northeast conference on the teaching of foreign language 35 Wolvin and Coakley (1988) Interpersonal Communication through the life Span Wm C Brown publisher 36 Yagang in Pospieszy‟nska, Magdalena Listening in FL Classrooms- Few Recipes 2001 17 November 2008 36 TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 Appendix TAPESCRIPT OF LISTENING Cuc Phuong, the first national park in Vietnam, was officially opened in 1960 it is located 160 km south west of Hanoi spanning Ninh Binh, Hoa Binh and Thanh Hoa provinces The 200 square kilometers park attracts tourists and scientists alike In 2002, nearly 100,000 visitors made their way to Cuc Phuong Many come to see the work being done to protect endangered species According to scientists, there are about 2,000 different species of flora and 450 species of fauna Cuc Phuong National Park has many caves Quen Voi, also part of the park, is where Nguyen Hue‟s army was stationed before it made its surprise attack on Thang Long and defeated the Quing invaders in the spring of 1789 Cuc Phuong is also home to the Muong ethnic minority, who live mainly on bee keeping and farming I TIEU LUAN MOI download : skknchat@gmail.com (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111 (LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111(LUAN.VAN.THAC.SI).A.study.on.the.problems.experienced.by.grade.10th.students.at.Thai.Nguyen.upper.secondary.school.in.Thai.Nguyen.city.in.learning.English.listening.skill.M.A.Thesis.Linguistics.60.140.111
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