Foreword This document (EN 1242:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CENTC 165 “Wastewater engineering”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN andor CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Together with EN 1241:2015, EN 1243:2015, EN 1244:2015, EN 1245:2015 and EN 1246:2015, this document supersedes EN 124:1994. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of the Regulation (EU) No. 3052011. For relationship with EU Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. EN 124, Gully tops and manhole tops for vehicular and pedestrian areas, consists of the following parts: — Part 1: Definitions, classification, general principles of design, performance requirements and test methods; — Part 2: Gully tops and manhole tops made of cast iron;
General
According to the European Standard, manhole tops and gully tops must be constructed from specific materials, which include flake graphite cast iron as per EN 1561, spheroidal graphite cast iron according to EN 1563, or a combination of either flake or spheroidal graphite cast iron with concrete that has a minimum compressive strength of C35/45.
Elements constructed from the materials outlined in sections 4.1 a) to c) may be combined with components made from materials specified in EN 124-3, EN 124-4, EN 124-5, or EN 124-6 In these instances, the manhole tops or gully tops must adhere to the applicable design, performance, and testing standards detailed in Table 1.
In addition elements shall comply with the requirements for the material related to EN 124-3, EN 124-4,
According to EN 124-5 or EN 124-6, each component must be appropriately marked The classification of the combined product is limited to the lower class identified for any individual element, in accordance with the relevant section of the EN 124 series.
When a manhole or gully top features a cast iron cover classified as D 400 and a PVC-U frame classified as B 125, it should be marked with EN 124-2 According to EN 124-6, the classification for this combined product will correspond to the class of the frame.
Coating materials
Cast iron manhole tops and gully tops are available in both uncoated and coated options It is essential that the coating materials meet the environmental and toxicological regulations applicable to the intended location of use.
NOTE In general, coatings are for aesthetic purposes only and are not regarded as a corrosion protection system The specifier or client may require a more durable coating if appropriate.
Cover fillings
Covers marketed in a filled condition must have a filling that meets specific criteria: either a concrete with a minimum compressive strength of C35/45, as per EN 206:2013, suitable for "cyclic wet and dry" conditions, or an alternative material that aligns with the intended use and relevant European Standards, also suitable for "cyclic wet and dry" conditions.
Design and performance requirements
Manhole tops and gully tops made of materials according to 4.1 shall comply with the relevant design and performance and testing requirements in accordance with EN 124-1:2015 as listed in Table 1
Table 1 — Design, performance and testing requirements in accordance with EN 124–1 for gully tops and manhole tops made of cast iron
Clear opening of manhole tops for man entry 6.2 8.4.2 x x x x x x
Handling of covers and gratings 6.7 8.4.7 x x x x x x
Dirt pans and dirt buckets 6.9 8.4.9 x x x x x x
Positioning of covers and gratings 6.10 8.4.10 x x x x x x
Flatness of manhole covers and gratings 6.11 8.4.11 − − − x x x
Manhole tops with sealing features 6.14 Visual inspection of presence of anchors x x x x x x
Opening angle of hinged covers/gratings 6.17 8.4.16 x x x x x x
Securing of the cover/ grating within the frame 6.6 8.4.6 x x x x x x
Ensuring child safety requires adherence to relevant European Standards, particularly for materials intended for specific installation environments These materials must be suitable for “cyclic wet and dry” conditions to meet the necessary safety expectations.
Manhole tops and gully tops made of materials according to 4.1 shall comply with the relevant design and performance and testing requirements in accordance with EN 124-1:2015 as listed in Table 1
Table 1 — Design, performance and testing requirements in accordance with EN 124–1 for gully tops and manhole tops made of cast iron
Clear opening of manhole tops for man entry 6.2 8.4.2 x x x x x x
Handling of covers and gratings 6.7 8.4.7 x x x x x x
Dirt pans and dirt buckets 6.9 8.4.9 x x x x x x
Positioning of covers and gratings 6.10 8.4.10 x x x x x x
Flatness of manhole covers and gratings 6.11 8.4.11 − − − x x x
Manhole tops with sealing features 6.14 Visual inspection of presence of anchors x x x x x x
Opening angle of hinged covers/gratings 6.17 8.4.16 x x x x x x
Securing of the cover/ grating within the frame 6.6 8.4.6 x x x x x x
Child safety 7.5 8.5 x x x x x x x To be applied.
Covers with fillings
Covers marketed filled with concrete or other materials, as well as those designed for subsequent filling and sold unfilled, must adhere to the standards outlined in EN 124-1:2015, specifically Clause 8, while ensuring compliance with the requirements detailed in Clauses 4 and 5.
Covers marketed unfilled must be filled according to the manufacturer's provided instructions, which accompany the product and detail the entire filling procedure.
When selecting filling materials for manhole tops or gully tops with unfilled covers, it is essential for the specifier or client to ensure that these materials meet performance and durability standards for their intended use Compliance with relevant European Standards is crucial, particularly for applications requiring freeze-thaw resistance Specifically, concrete-filled covers must adhere to the freeze-thaw requirements outlined in EN 124-4.
Material-specific characteristics for gully tops and manhole tops made of cast iron
Reaction to fire
Manhole tops and gully tops must comply with national fire safety regulations, which require a declaration of their fire reaction performance According to relevant Commission Decision, cast iron manhole and gully tops are classified as Class A1, exempting them from additional testing.
NOTE 1 Cast iron, as homogeneously distributed materials for these products (whether in combination with concrete or not), is considered as material of known and stable performance with respect to the reaction to fire performance as it does not consist of any organic material and consequently does not contribute to fire Under these conditions, it can be considered as Class A1 material
NOTE 2 The class of reaction to fire performance of manhole tops and gully tops made of cast iron is regarded as the class for the constituent material (i.e cast iron)
In cases where national regulatory requirements for fire reaction do not apply to manhole tops and gully tops, they may be classified as either Class A1 or marked as “No Performance Determined” (NPD).
NOTE 3 Where the compatibility of seatings is achieved by the use of cushioning inserts, only a negligible area of the cushioning insert material would be exposed to fire, considering the end use situation There is no relevance in relation to the reaction to fire performance and embedded cushioning inserts would not be able to ignite or to propagate fire there Their contribution to fire spread is not of concern, nor is an influence expected on the fire behaviour of the neighbouring material and the contribution to fire propagation is negligible Considering these aspects, separate testing and classification of cushioning inserts is not necessary.
Durability
Cast iron, as defined in section 4.1, is a robust and long-lasting material that offers adequate corrosion resistance for its intended applications under this standard Additional material tests
The durability of cast iron gully tops and manhole tops is influenced by their design features and exposure conditions, as outlined in EN 124-1:2015, 5.1 Additionally, the materials specified in Clause 4, along with the requirements and test methods for performance characteristics in Clause 5, play a crucial role in determining the longevity of these components.
1) See Decision of the Commission 96/603/EC of 1996-10-04 (see OJEU L 267 of 1996-10-19), as amended twice by 2000/605/EC of 2000-09-26 (see OJEU L 258 of 2000-10-12) and by 2003/424/EC of 2003-06-06 (see OJEU L 144 of
5.3.2.2 Durability of load bearing capacity
Durability of load bearing capacity against mechanical failure is ensured by meeting the requirements of
According to EN 124-1:2015, sections 7.2 and 7.3, the relationship between the test load and the maximum load anticipated during service, along with the stable behavior of the material outlined in Clause 4, addresses all factors that may impact the durability of the load-bearing capacity.
5.3.2.3 Durability of securing of covers/gratings within the frame
Durability of securing of covers/gratings in the frame against unintended lifting is ensured by using materials with proven resistance against corrosion and passing the test according to EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.6
The durability of skid resistance is guaranteed by adhering to the standards set in EN 124-1:2015, section 7.4, along with the inherent stability of the material that prevents loss of grip.
5.3.2.5 Durability of effectiveness of child safety characteristics
The durability of child safety features, specifically regarding the resistance of manhole and gully tops against removal by children, is confirmed through re-inspection of their weight or locking mechanisms This ensures that the securing features remain functional after testing, in compliance with EN 124-1:2015, section 8.4.6.
Dangerous substances
National regulations concerning hazardous substances often necessitate verification and declaration upon release, as well as content information, for construction products governed by this standard in specific markets In the absence of European harmonized testing methods, such verification and declarations must adhere to the national regulations applicable in the location of use.
Gully tops and manhole tops must be tested as complete units in their intended positions, ensuring that the cover or grating is properly aligned within the frame according to the specified standards.
EN 124-1:2015, Clause 8, as listed in Table 1
Gully tops and manhole tops must undergo specific testing based on their filling condition Covers that are sold filled with concrete or other materials should be tested in their filled state, while those marketed unfilled must be tested without any filling.
All tested products shall be visually inspected without magnification
7 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance - AVCP
General
The compliance of gully tops and manhole tops with the requirements of this standard and with the performances declared by the manufacturer in the DoP shall be demonstrated by:
— determination of the product type on the basis of type testing;
— factory production control by the manufacturer including product assessment
The manufacturer shall always retain the overall control and shall have the necessary means to take responsibility for the conformity of the product with its declared performance(s)
5.3.2.2 Durability of load bearing capacity
Durability of load bearing capacity against mechanical failure is ensured by meeting the requirements of
According to EN 124-1:2015, Sections 7.2 and 7.3, the relationship between the test load and the anticipated maximum load in service, along with the stable behavior of the material outlined in Clause 4, addresses all factors that may impact the durability of the load-bearing capacity.
5.3.2.3 Durability of securing of covers/gratings within the frame
Durability of securing of covers/gratings in the frame against unintended lifting is ensured by using materials with proven resistance against corrosion and passing the test according to EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.6
Durability of skid resistance against loss of grip is ensured by meeting the requirements of EN 124-1:2015,
7.4, in conjunction with the stable resistance of the material itself against loss of grip
5.3.2.5 Durability of effectiveness of child safety characteristics
The durability of child safety features for manhole and gully tops is maintained through regular inspections of their weight and locking mechanisms These inspections ensure that the securing components remain functional, as verified by testing in accordance with EN 124-1:2015, section 8.4.6.
National regulations regarding hazardous substances may necessitate verification and declaration of release and content when construction products adhering to this standard enter specific markets In the absence of European harmonized testing methods, such verification and declaration should align with the national regulations applicable in the area of use.
Gully tops and manhole tops must be tested as complete units in their intended positions, ensuring that the cover or grating is properly aligned within the frame according to established standards.
EN 124-1:2015, Clause 8, as listed in Table 1
Gully tops and manhole tops must undergo testing based on their filling status: a) Covers that are filled with concrete or other materials when marketed should be tested in their filled condition, and b) Covers that are sold unfilled must be tested without any filling.
All tested products shall be visually inspected without magnification
7 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance - AVCP
The compliance of gully tops and manhole tops with the requirements of this standard and with the performances declared by the manufacturer in the DoP shall be demonstrated by:
— determination of the product type on the basis of type testing;
— factory production control by the manufacturer including product assessment
The manufacturer shall always retain the overall control and shall have the necessary means to take responsibility for the conformity of the product with its declared performance(s).
Type testing
General
Manufacturers must assess all performance characteristics outlined in this standard before making any declarations, unless the standard allows for declarations based on existing data or established performance without additional testing.
Previous assessments conducted under this standard may be considered if they utilized the same or a more stringent testing method, followed the same AVCP system, and pertained to the same product or products with similar design, construction, and functionality, ensuring that the results are relevant to the product in question.
NOTE 1 Same AVCP system means testing by an independent third party, when relevant, under the responsibility of a notified product certification body, when relevant
For assessment purposes, products from a manufacturer can be categorized into families, allowing the results of specific characteristics from one product to be considered representative of those same characteristics across all products within that family.
NOTE 2 Products can be grouped in different families for different characteristics
Reference to the assessment method standards should be made to allow the selection of a suitable representative sample
In addition, the determination of the product type shall be performed for all characteristics included in the standard for which the manufacturer declares the performance
— at the beginning of the production of a new or modified gully top and manhole top (unless a member of the same product range); or
— at the beginning of a new or modified method of production (where this can affect the stated properties); or
Changes to the gully top or manhole top design, raw materials, component suppliers, or production methods must be repeated for the relevant characteristics whenever they significantly impact one or more of these features.
When components are utilized with predefined characteristics determined by the manufacturer through established assessment methods from other product standards, there is no need for re-assessment of these traits It is essential to document the specifications of these components.
Products that display regulatory markings in line with relevant harmonized European standards can be assumed to meet the performance criteria stated in the Declaration of Performance (DoP) However, this assumption does not absolve manufacturers of manhole tops and gully tops from their responsibility to ensure that the overall products are manufactured correctly and that all component parts meet the declared performance specifications.
Test samples, testing and compliance criteria
The quantity of gully tops and manhole tops to be tested will adhere to the specifications outlined in Table 2 Key performance characteristics are emphasized in bold for clarity.
Table 2 — Number of samples to be tested and compliance criteria Characteristic Requirement Assessment method No of samples a Compliance criteria in accordance with for the declared performance:
Reaction to fire 5.3.1 Classified without testing
Frame bearing area 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.14 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.15, calculated value Pb ≤ 7,5 N/mm2
Load bearing capacity 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.3 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.2, test load for the declared class
Permanent set 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.2 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.3, permissible value for the declared class
Securing of the cover/grating within the frame 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.6 3
EN 124-1:2015, 6.6, declared method and either weight in kg or value F V in kN and appropriate h in mm, as applicable
Child safety 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.5 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.5, declared method or weight
Skid resistance of a) Covers with
EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13 a) 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.4.2 a), declared as “concrete surface” for the material used
— raised pattern EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13 b) 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.4.2 b), declared as “raised pattern”
— other surface EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13 c) 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.4.2 c), for the calculated and declared value of USRV b) Gratings 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13 b) 3
“raised pattern” for the specified raised pattern or “slots” for the measured slot dimensions c) Frames with max horizontal visible width of:
EN 124-1:2015, 7.4.2, determined acc to the requirement clause and expressed as
― method or value for > 40 mm
— load bearing capacity b against mechanical failure 5.3.2 EN 124-1:2015, 8.2
EN 124-1:2015, 7.2 and 7.3, declared as “Pass” according to the material used and the test method applied
— securing c against unintended lifting 5.3.2 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.6 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.6, declared as
“Pass” according to the material used and the test method applied
— skid resistance against loss of grip 5.3.2 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13
“Pass” for the declared method and the material used and for USRV measured value declared
— effectiveness of child safety characteristics
“Pass” according to the material used and the method declared
Table 2 — Number of samples to be tested and compliance criteria Characteristic Requirement Assessment method No of samples a Compliance criteria in accordance with for the declared performance:
Reaction to fire 5.3.1 Classified without testing
Frame bearing area 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.14 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.15, calculated value Pb ≤ 7,5 N/mm2
Load bearing capacity 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.3 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.2, test load for the declared class
Permanent set 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.2 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.3, permissible value for the declared class
Securing of the cover/grating within the frame 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.6 3
EN 124-1:2015, 6.6, declared method and either weight in kg or value F V in kN and appropriate h in mm, as applicable
Child safety 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.5 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.5, declared method or weight
Skid resistance of a) Covers with
EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13 a) 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.4.2 a), declared as “concrete surface” for the material used
— raised pattern EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13 b) 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.4.2 b), declared as “raised pattern”
— other surface EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13 c) 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.4.2 c), for the calculated and declared value of USRV b) Gratings 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13 b) 3
“raised pattern” for the specified raised pattern or “slots” for the measured slot dimensions c) Frames with max horizontal visible width of:
EN 124-1:2015, 7.4.2, determined acc to the requirement clause and expressed as
― method or value for > 40 mm
— load bearing capacity b against mechanical failure 5.3.2 EN 124-1:2015, 8.2
EN 124-1:2015, 7.2 and 7.3, declared as “Pass” according to the material used and the test method applied
— securing c against unintended lifting 5.3.2 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.6 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.6, declared as
“Pass” according to the material used and the test method applied
— skid resistance against loss of grip 5.3.2 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13
“Pass” for the declared method and the material used and for USRV measured value declared
— effectiveness of child safety characteristics
“Pass” according to the material used and the method declared
Characteristic Requirement Assessment method No of samples a Compliance criteria in accordance with for the design
Vents in covers 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.1 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.1
Clear opening of man- hole tops for man entry 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.2 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.2 Depth of insertion 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.3 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.3
Compatibility of seatings 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.5 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.5
Handling of covers and gratings 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.7 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.7
Slot dimensions of gratings 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.8 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.8
Dirt pans and dirt buckets 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.9 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.9
Positioning of covers and gratings 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.10 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.10
Flatness of manhole covers and gratings 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.11 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.11 Concaveness of gratings 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.12 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.12
Surface conditions 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.13 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.13 Manhole tops with sealing feature 5.1 Visual inspection of presence of anchors 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.14
Opening angle of hinged covers/gratings 5.1 EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.16 3 EN 124-1:2015, 6.17
Appearance 5.1 Visual inspection 3 EN 124-1:2015, 7.1 a If one of the 3 samples fails, the specific test can be repeated with 5 new samples All the 5 samples shall pass the test b The proportion between the test load for the declared class and the maximum load to be expected in service in conjunction with the stable behaviour of the material specified in Clause 4 covers all effects which can influence the durability of the load bearing capacity c Ensured by using materials with proven resistance against corrosion and passing the test according to EN 124-1:2015, 8.4.6.
Test reports
Test reports documenting the determination of product types must be retained by the manufacturer for a minimum of 10 years following the last production date of the related gully top or manhole top.
Shared other party results
A manufacturer can utilize product type determination results from another source, such as another manufacturer or a product developer, to support their performance declaration for a product that shares the same design specifications, raw materials, and manufacturing methods, as long as certain conditions are met.
— the results are known to be valid for products with the same essential characteristics relevant for the product performance;
In addition to essential information confirming the product's performance related to specific characteristics, the party responsible for determining the product type must explicitly agree to provide the manufacturer with the test results and report This includes information about production facilities and the production control process relevant for Factory Production Control (FPC).
— the manufacturer using other party results accepts to remain responsible for the product having the declared performances and he also:
To ensure consistent performance, the product must possess identical characteristics to the one evaluated for product type determination Additionally, there should be no significant differences in production facilities or the production control process compared to the original product assessed.
It is essential to maintain a copy of the product type determination report, which includes crucial information for verifying that the product is manufactured consistently with the same design, raw materials, constituents, and manufacturing methods.
Factory production control (FPC)
General
The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain an FPC system to ensure that the products placed on the market comply with the declared performance of the essential characteristics
The FPC system will incorporate procedures, routine inspections, and tests to evaluate and manage raw materials, components, equipment, production processes, and final products effectively.
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic manner in the form of written policies and procedures
This factory production control system documentation aims to establish a clear understanding of performance evaluation, ensuring that product performance requirements are met It facilitates the effective operation of the production control system, allowing for thorough checks on compliance By integrating operational techniques and comprehensive measures, factory production control ensures that products consistently meet the declared performance of their essential characteristics.
Requirements
The manufacturer must ensure the effective implementation of the FPC system according to the product standard It is essential to document all tasks and responsibilities related to production control, and this documentation should be regularly updated.
It is essential to clearly define the responsibilities, authority, and relationships among personnel involved in managing, performing, or verifying work that impacts product consistency This is particularly important for those who are tasked with initiating preventive actions against product inconsistencies, addressing issues when they arise, and identifying and documenting problems related to product consistency.
Personnel involved in tasks that impact product performance must possess the necessary competence, which is determined by their education, training, skills, and experience It is essential to maintain records of these qualifications to ensure accountability and quality assurance.
In each factory the manufacturer may delegate the action to a person having the necessary authority to:
— identify procedures to demonstrate constancy of performance of the product at appropriate stages;
Identify and document any occurrences of non-constancy, ensuring that the results and test reports are utilized for determining the product type Additionally, gather information about production facilities and the production control process, which will be relevant for Factory Production Control (FPC).
— the manufacturer using other party results accepts to remain responsible for the product having the declared performances and he also:
The product must maintain identical performance characteristics as the one evaluated for product type determination, ensuring there are no significant differences in production facilities or the production control process compared to the original product.
A copy of the product type determination report must be maintained, which includes essential information for verifying that the product is manufactured using the same design, raw materials, components, and manufacturing methods.
The manufacturer shall establish, document and maintain an FPC system to ensure that the products placed on the market comply with the declared performance of the essential characteristics
The FPC system will include established procedures, routine inspections, and assessments, utilizing the results to manage raw materials, components, equipment, the production process, and the final product.
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic manner in the form of written policies and procedures
The factory production control system documentation aims to establish a shared understanding of performance evaluation, ensuring that product performance requirements are met and the production control system operates effectively This system integrates operational techniques and measures necessary for maintaining and verifying that the product complies with the declared performance of its essential characteristics.
The manufacturer must ensure the effective implementation of the FPC system according to the product standard It is essential to document the tasks and responsibilities within the production control organization, maintaining this documentation in an up-to-date manner.
Clearly define the roles and responsibilities of personnel involved in managing, performing, or verifying work that impacts product consistency This is especially important for those tasked with initiating preventive measures against product inconsistencies, addressing issues when they arise, and identifying and documenting problems related to product consistency.
Personnel involved in maintaining product performance must possess the necessary education, training, skills, and experience It is essential to keep records of their qualifications to ensure competence in their roles.
In each factory the manufacturer may delegate the action to a person having the necessary authority to:
— identify procedures to demonstrate constancy of performance of the product at appropriate stages;
— identify and record any instance of non-constancy;
— identify procedures to correct instances of non-constancy
Manufacturers must develop and maintain up-to-date documentation for factory production control (FPC), ensuring that their procedures align with the product and manufacturing process The FPC system should instill confidence in the product's consistent performance, which requires the creation of documented procedures and instructions that meet technical specifications Effective implementation of these procedures is essential, along with thorough recording of operations and outcomes Additionally, manufacturers must utilize these results to address any deviations, rectify non-conformities, and, if necessary, revise the FPC to resolve issues related to performance consistency.
In subcontracting scenarios, the manufacturer must maintain complete control over the product and ensure they obtain all necessary information to meet their responsibilities as outlined by this European Standard.
When a manufacturer outsources aspects of a product's design, manufacturing, assembly, packing, processing, or labeling to a subcontractor, the subcontractor's FPC (Factory Production Control) may be considered relevant for that specific product.
The manufacturer who subcontracts all of his activities may in no circumstances pass the above responsibilities on to a subcontractor
Manufacturers with a Factory Production Control (FPC) system that meets EN ISO 9001 standards and adheres to the current European Standard are recognized as fulfilling the FPC requirements outlined in Regulation (EU).
All weighing, measuring and testing equipment shall be calibrated and regularly inspected according to documented procedures, frequencies and criteria
Product specific requirements
The FPC system shall address this European Standard and ensure that the products placed on the market comply with the declaration of performance
The FPC system must incorporate a product-specific FPC that outlines the procedures for demonstrating compliance at various stages This includes controls and tests to be conducted before and during manufacturing, as specified in the FPC test plan, as well as verifications and tests on finished products, also following the frequency outlined in the FPC test plan.
When a manufacturer relies solely on finished products, the processes outlined in section b) will ensure that the product meets compliance standards equivalent to those achieved through Factory Production Control (FPC) during production.
When manufacturers handle portions of the production process themselves, they can reduce certain operations and partially substitute them with others Typically, the greater the extent of production managed by the manufacturer, the more operations can be shifted from one category to another.
In any case the operation shall lead to an equivalent level of compliance of the product as if FPC had been carried out during the production
NOTE Depending on the specific case, it can be necessary to carry out the operations referred to under a) and b), only the operations under a) or only those under b)
The operations described in section a) pertain to the intermediate states of products during manufacturing, including adjustments to machines and measuring equipment The selection of controls and tests, along with their frequency, should be determined by factors such as the product type and composition, the complexity of the manufacturing process, and the sensitivity of product characteristics to variations in manufacturing parameters.
Manufacturers are required to create and maintain documentation that demonstrates the sampling and testing of production These records must clearly indicate if the production meets the established acceptance criteria and should be retained for a minimum of three years.
Initial inspection of factory and of FPC
Upon finalizing and commencing the production process, an initial inspection of the factory and the FPC will be conducted This inspection will include a thorough assessment of the factory and FPC documentation to ensure compliance with the requirements outlined in sections 7.3.2 and 7.3.3.
During the inspection, it is essential to verify that all necessary resources for achieving the product characteristics outlined in this European Standard are properly implemented Additionally, it must be ensured that the Factory Production Control (FPC) procedures align with the FPC documentation and are being followed in practice Lastly, the product must be confirmed to comply with the type samples, ensuring that its performance meets the Declaration of Performance (DoP) requirements.
All locations involved in the final assembly or testing of the product must be evaluated to ensure compliance with specified conditions If the FPC system encompasses multiple products, production lines, or processes, and the general requirements are confirmed for one, it is unnecessary to reassess these requirements for others within the same system.
All assessments and their results shall be documented in the initial inspection report.
Continuous surveillance of FPC
Annual surveillance of the FPC will involve a comprehensive review of the FPC test plans and production processes for each product This assessment aims to identify any changes made since the previous evaluation, with an emphasis on determining the significance of these changes.
Checks shall be made to ensure that the test plans are still correctly implemented and that the production equipment is still correctly maintained and calibrated at appropriate time intervals
Records of tests and measurements conducted during production and on finished products must be reviewed to confirm that the obtained values align with those of the samples submitted for product type determination Additionally, it is essential to verify that appropriate actions have been taken for any non-compliant products.
Procedure for modifications
Any changes to the product, production process, or FPC system that may impact the declared product characteristics must lead to a reassessment of all affected performance characteristics This reassessment should follow the product type determination process outlined in section 7.2.1.
Where relevant, a re-assessment of the factory and of the FPC system shall be performed for those aspects, which may be affected by the modification
All assessments and their results shall be documented in a report
Where required for specification and documentation purposes, product designation in accordance with this European Standard shall consist of: a) name of product (manhole top or gully top);
7.3.4 Initial inspection of factory and of FPC
An initial inspection of the factory and the Finished Product Certificate (FPC) will be conducted once the production process is finalized and operational This assessment will include a thorough review of the factory and FPC documentation to ensure compliance with established requirements.
During the inspection it shall be verified: a) that all resources necessary for the achievement of the product characteristics included in this European
Standards must be properly established and implemented, ensuring that FPC procedures align with the FPC documentation in practice Additionally, it is essential to confirm that the product meets the specifications of the product type samples, and that its performance complies with the Declaration of Performance (DoP).
All sites conducting final assembly or testing of the product must be evaluated to ensure compliance with specified conditions If the Factory Production Control (FPC) system encompasses multiple products, production lines, or processes, and the general requirements are confirmed for one of them, there is no need to reassess these requirements for others.
All assessments and their results shall be documented in the initial inspection report
Annual surveillance of the FPC will be conducted to review the FPC test plans and production processes for each product This review aims to identify any changes made since the previous assessment, with an evaluation of the significance of those changes.
Checks shall be made to ensure that the test plans are still correctly implemented and that the production equipment is still correctly maintained and calibrated at appropriate time intervals
Records of tests and measurements conducted during production and on finished products must be reviewed to confirm that the obtained values align with those of the samples used for product type determination, ensuring appropriate actions are taken for any non-compliant products.
Any modifications to the product, production process, or FPC system that could impact declared product characteristics must lead to a reassessment of all affected performance characteristics, as outlined in section 7.2.1.
Where relevant, a re-assessment of the factory and of the FPC system shall be performed for those aspects, which may be affected by the modification
All assessments and their results shall be documented in a report
Where required for specification and documentation purposes, product designation in accordance with this
The European Standard for manhole tops and gully tops includes essential details such as the product name, the European Standard number (EN 124-2), the specified load class, and a code indicating compliance with the relevant parts of the EN 124 series as outlined in Table 6.
Table 6 — Designation according to the material of frame and cover/grating
Designation Cover/grating in accordance with Frame in accordance with
2/6 EN 124-2 EN 124-6 e) clear opening (CO in mm), e.g 600 indicates CO = 600 mm; f) securing method:
3) measured value of USRV (e.g 40); h) covers placed on the market unfilled (U) (if applicable); i) freeze-thaw resistance (+R) (only in case of covers filled with concrete) (if applicable)
Manhole tops and gully tops consisting of a combination of elements in accordance with EN 124-2, EN 124-3,
EN 124-4, EN 124-5 and EN 124-6 shall be designated with the number of the standard for which the cover meets the requirements of the relevant standard
The manhole top is designated according to EN 124-2 standards, classified as D 400, featuring a cast iron cover and frame It has a clear opening of 600 mm and employs an alternative securing method, ensuring enhanced skid resistance This specification can be summarized as Manhole Top EN 124-2 — D 400 – 2/2 – 600 – O – RP.
The designation of a manhole top, adhering to EN 124-2, class A 15, features a combination of a cast iron cover and a polypropylene frame, as specified in EN 124-6 (2/6), designed with a clear opening.
CO 400 mm (400), securing feature (F), skid resistance (USRV 40) Manhole Top EN 124-2 — A 15 – 2/6 – 400– F – 40
EXAMPLE 3 Designation of a manhole top according to EN 124-2, class D 400, cover made of cast iron according to
EN 124-2, cover filled with concrete and frame made of concrete in accordance with EN 124-4 (2/4), with a clear opening
CO 600 mm (600), securing method mass per unit area (W), skid resistance covered by the concrete surface (CR), freeze–thaw resistant (+R)
The gully top is designated according to EN 124-2, class C 250, featuring a cast iron cover and frame that comply with EN 124-2 specifications It includes a concrete-filled cover with a clear opening of 550 mm, ensuring effective drainage The securing method is based on mass per unit area (W), while the skid resistance is enhanced by a raised pattern (RP) for improved safety.
According to EN 124-2, the designation for a manhole top includes a class B 125 cover and frame made of cast iron, featuring a clear opening of 600 mm This design incorporates a securing method with a specific securing feature and is marketed with an unfilled cover.
NOTE 1 In case of covers placed on the market unfilled, the no performance declared (NPD) option is used for skid resistance (see ZA.1)
NOTE 2 The designation provides a standardized pattern of designation from which a rapid and unequivocal description of an item is communicated
Manhole tops and gully tops must adhere to the European Standard EN 124-2, which requires specific markings including the standard number, appropriate class designation (e.g., D 400), the manufacturer's name or identification mark, the manufacturing factory (which may be coded), and the date or week and year of manufacture (coded or not) Additionally, for covers that are factory filled with concrete, a marking indicating freeze/thaw resistance (+R) is required if applicable, as outlined in EN 124-4:2015.
Manhole tops and gully tops, along with their gratings, covers, and frames, can feature various markings as per the European Standard These include additional markings for the intended application, product identification such as the name or catalogue number, and the nominal mass expressed in kilograms (kg).
Markings a) to f) on covers, gratings, and frames must be clear, permanent, and integral to the material These markings should not be applied using riveting, bolting, chemical adhesives, or welding methods.