WBI Connect is available in three editions: Express: for small- and medium-business SMB and a number of quick start connections in and between larger enterprises Advanced: for enterpr
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The B2B marketplace has evolved and solutions have failed to keep pace with this change IBM can now demonstrate leadership in the community integration space with its new portfolio of WebSphere Business Integration offerings These provide connectivity between enterprises of varying sizes who want to ensure they effectively integrate their trading relationships Companies will derive better value from their integrated value chain They will shorten the end to end process
of communicating with their partners and will be able to streamline the business processes which rely on interactions with those partners They will derive greater interpretability that realizes visible dynamic connectivity in a community of trading partners By improving levels of automation used in B2B exchanges and interaction, community participants will gain substantial reductions in human error and costs
WBI Connect is available in three editions:
Express: for small- and medium-business (SMB) and a number of quick start
connections in and between larger enterprises
Advanced: for enterprises that have a well-defined size of community in
which they participate and need a high degree of dynamism and fluidity within their community
Enterprise: for enterprises that require unlimited scalability and highly
versatile trading partner connections
These three editions enable community integration through connectivity between trading partners, whatever the B2B requirement of the partner, and whatever the preferred style of integration and connectivity They all enable effective
operational B2B based on communities of trading partners and work with other components of an end-to-end solution, typically provided by middle ware
products; for example, WebSphere Business Integration Server, which provides transformation and process integration capabilities
Many interactions with trading partners are driven by the need to make internal business processes more efficient Extending internal business integration to include interactions with trading partners creates an end-to-end integrated solution along the full length of your company’s value chain Incorporating a trading partner interaction into an end-to-end integration solution necessitates the use of a B2B component within the internal implementation This B2B component needs to extend the internal solution to provide the extra functions and capabilities required when exchanging information with a trading partner in
an integrated and legally editable way Whatever the style of internal integration used; the use of a B2B component, such as WebSphere Business Integration Connect working with internal applications, creates an end-to-end B2B solution.Community integration involves the selection of a multiplicity of transport
mechanisms and the selection of the appropriate data format, whether it be a
Trang 2generic data format such as XML or SOAP, or whether it be related to a particular industry standard such as AS2 (an EDI standard for use over the Internet HTTP transports) or Resultant (a standard common in the electronics industry using a specific form of XML message as part of a defined business process) The ability
to select which of these you need to create a partner connection means you can create multiple distinct connections with a single trading partner This means that you can conduct business with particular aspects of a trading partner
organization and change the relationship as business conditions change
When looking to interact with another trading partner, you must agree on various aspects of the level of integration You must decide whether you want to
exchange data to meet the B2B integration needs of your enterprise only, or whether you want to extend your internal processes, and share them, as the interface between the enterprises You may also need to consider whether you need to transform the data exchanged between you and your partners Some companies will want the integration infrastructure to standardize all data to a single format, with the data then being transformed as required Others will just transform data between applications as needed The data standards used by a trading partner are likely to be different to the data formats and standards used within your company Even if a data format is agreed to, at least one party in the exchange is likely to need to transform the data
WBI Connect incorporates with other members of the business integration family, such as WebSphere Business Integration Message Broker and WebSphere Data Interchange, to perform data validation and transformation functions that enable validation that the data received by a partner is correct and well-formed Any invalid data can be rejected by the product without further processing Any validated messages can then be sent on within the enterprise
WebSphere Business Integration Connect provides secure communication of the data between trading partners You can define partners and the requisite transports, the security, encryption and auditing requirements in order to establish distinct partner connections with a given trading partner Additionally, the activities need to be monitored as part of a solution management function while the partner definition function needs a management component in order to add, delete and modify partner definitions
Community integration services
In order to deliver effective operational B2B, a significant amount of preparation and ennoblement support is required by the myriad community participants Historically, B2B implementations have been costly and labor intensive, based as they are on piecemeal partner identification and lengthy, unmarketable partner ennoblement processes Instead of focusing on the connection of each individual
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connected together This ensures that more repeatable and rigorous processes can be applied to the individual connections as part of the overall project Community Integration Services is a range of complementary services that supports the creation, growth and management of trading communities of any size and type These services are fully integrated with WebSphere Business Integration Connect in order to provide all the support you need in establishing
an operational B2B environment
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infrastructure
In this chapter we provide a high-level overview of the architecture of DB2 Universal Database (DB2 UDB) and WebSphere (formerly DB2) Information Integrator We also describe how these two products interact and complement each other, and how you can use them to enable Business Performance Management
DB2 represents the basic infrastructure, providing the robust data store required for holding the organization’s information assets DB2 delivers key capabilities: scalability for huge data volumes, high availability for supporting a worldwide marketplace that demands access to data at any time, and performance to satisfy the users’ needs In this chapter we discuss key parameters and monitoring facilities that are available in DB2 to manage application and system performance
Of course, having and storing data is one thing Managing it to best serve users’ needs is another That is where data warehousing enters the picture It provides the base for organizing enterprise data to best serve the needs of all Let’s take a look at how that is accomplished
5
Trang 65.1 Data warehousing: The base
In this section, we focus on key components that are necessary when deploying
a data warehouse We discuss how DB2 handles the complexities of a data warehouse, for example, growth, performance with mixed workloads, and the demand for high availability
5.1.1 Scalability for growth
A data warehouse typically starts out small, but then continues to grow over the life of the data warehouse The ability of the underlying database to adapt and scale with this continuous growth is essential
What do we mean when we say scalability? Here is a definition that should help
as we discuss the topic It refers to:
Scalability refers to how well a hardware or software system can adapt to increased demands
In the case of a relational database, those increased demands are increases in the number of users, or volume of data being managed
DB2 is ideally architects for any size data warehouse For example, you may start with a database server that has only one CPU and then scale out from there horizontally, vertically, or both DB2 utilizes a shared nothing architecture, which means that each database partition is allocated specific and independent memory and disk This is true whether you choose a horizontal, vertical, or a combination of both approaches, for scalability
Horizontal scalability
The horizontal scalability approach involves connecting multiple physical servers together through a network, and then having the DB2 Data Partitioning Feature (DPF) utilize all the CPUs together
This approach lends itself to incredible scalability For example, DB2 currently supports 1,024 nodes And, each server can be a symmetric multiprocessor (SMP)
Utilizing horizontal scaling requires the DB2 Data Partitioning Feature The use
of partitioning to scale is depicted in Figure 5-1
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Figure 5-1 Horizontal Scalability
Table
DB2 DB2
DB2 DB2
DB2 DB2
DB2 DB2
High-speed Network
Memory Memory Memory Memory Memory Memory Memory Memory
Trang 8Figure 5-2 Vertical scalability
5.1.2 Partitioning and parallelism for performance
Another reason (other than for pure scalability) to consider partitioning your database is to improve performance By adding DB2 partitions, the volume of data to be accessed by each partition is reduced, thus, enabling increased performance
You can also exploit DB2 parallelism capabilities to increase performance.There are several types of parallelism employed by DB2:
I/O Parallelism: DB2 can open more than one I/O reader to access the dataset This can be influenced by the configuration parameters (NUM_IO_SERVERS) and the environment variable (DB2_PARALLEL_IO) DB2 can also be influenced to open more I/O readers by creating the table spaces utilizing more than one container
Query Parallelism: There are two types of query parallelism that can be used depending on the objective to be achieved
– Inter-Query: This type of parallelism is exploited when many applications are able to query the database concurrently, as depicted in Figure 5-3
Table
Memory
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Figure 5-3 Inter-Query parallelism
– Intra-Query: This type of parallelism refers to the ability of DB to segment individual queries into several parts and execute them concurrently Intra-Query parallelism can be accomplished three ways, intra-partition, inter-partition, or a combination of both
• Intra-Partition: Refers to segmenting the query into several smaller queries within a database partition This is depicted in Figure 5-4
Database Partition
Select From
Data
Trang 10Figure 5-4 Intra-Query parallelism
• Inter-Partition: Refers to segmenting the query into several smaller queries to be executed by several different database partitions This is depicted in Figure 5-5
Figure 5-5 Inter-Partition parallelism
Select From
Data
Database Partition
Database Partition
Database Partition
Database Partition
Select From
DataDatabase Partition
DataDatabase PartitionSelect From Select From
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5.1.3 High availability
High availability is a subject with a large scope and a number of different meanings For this discussion, we will limit ourselves to the following two descriptions of high availability:
Availability of the database is interrupted due to hardware failure Protection against these types of failures can be achieved in several ways One way is by keeping a copy of the database on another machine and then constantly rolling the log files forward This method is commonly referred to as Log Shipping Failover support can also be provided through platform-specific software that can be installed on your system For example:
– High Availability Cluster Multiprocessing, Enhanced Scalability for AIX For
detailed information about HACMP/ES, see the white paper entitled, IBM
DB2 Universal Database Enterprise Edition for AIX and HACMP/ES,
available from the DB2 UDB and DB2 Connect™ Online Support Web site at:
Connect Online Support Web site at:
http://www.ibm.com/software/data/pubs/papers/
– Sun™ Cluster, or VERITAS Cluster Server, for the Solaris™ Operating Environment For information about Sun Cluster 3.0, see the white paper
entitled DB2 and High Availability on Sun Cluster 3.0, that is available from
the DB2 UDB and DB2 Connect Online Support Web site For information about VERITAS Cluster Server, see the white paper entitled "DB2 and High Availability on VERITAS Cluster Server", that is also available from the "DB2 UDB and DB2 Connect Online Support" Web site at:
http://www.ibm.com/software/data/pubs/papers/
– Multi-Computer/ServiceGuard, for Hewlett-Packard For detailed information about HP MC/ServiceGuard, see the white paper that discusses IBM DB2 implementation and certification with
Hewlett-Packard's MC/ServiceGuard high availability software, that is available from the IBM Data Management Products for HP Web site at:http://www.ibm.com/software/data/hp/pdfs/db2mc.pdf
Trang 12Availability of the database is interrupted due to maintenance and other utilities This area of high availability is often overlooked The time that your database is unavailable for query can be greatly impacted by backup, loads, and index builds DB2 has made many of the most frequently used
maintenance facilities online:
– Load With DB2, you can choose to use the load utility in an online mode.– Index Creation DB2 also has the capability to perform an online index build
– Backup DB2 supports online backup while using Log Retain DB2 also supports two types of incremental backup: both Incremental and Incremental Delta
– Reorg Periodically, tables may need to be reorganized DB2 also supports this capability while online
5.2.1 Data federation
Information integration through data federation is the technology that enables applications to access diverse and distributed data as if it were a single source, regardless of location, format, or access language Both data federation and data consolidation have their advantages Once you understand them, you can choose the one that best satisfies your particular objectives For example, effective use of data federation can result in:
Reduced implementation and maintenance costs
Real-time access to the data
Ability to access data from different databases to solve business problems
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5.2.2 Access transparency
Information integration utilizing DB2 provides transparent access by users to a large number of heterogeneous, distributed data sources DB2 provides two types of virtualization to users:
Heterogeneity transparency: This is the masking of data formats, hardware, and software, where the data resides
Distribution transparency: This is the masking of the distributed nature of the data sources and network
To the user and development community, a federated system looks and feels as if
it were a single DB2 database A user can run queries that span data sources by using the functionality of DB2
5.3 DB2 and business intelligence
In order to effectively store and manage the volume of data that is generated to support Business Intelligence (BI), you need an industrial strength relational database
DB2 developers have incorporated very sophisticated BI features in the base product that provide great capabilities, insight, and ROI for customers For example, Multidimensional Clustering (MDC) provides an elegant method for flexible, continuous, and automatic data organization along multiple dimensions This capability allows customers to organize data easily to perform faster and more insightful queries By organizing information with this new MDC capability, DB2 can perform certain queries and analytics significantly faster than before In addition, this patented technology also minimizes reorganizations and index maintenance
To enable your continued growth and evolution, your database of choice must be capable of supporting a real-time environment This capability requires more than simply performing concurrent data loads There are a number of other considerations, for example, in support of the BI environment As examples, consider continuous update, concurrency, summary tables, and application logic
5.3.1 Continuous update of the data warehouse
As mentioned above, loading your data warehouse continuously is not sufficient,
by itself, to support a real-time BI environment The database must be capable of updating summary tables and data marts continuously as well You can
accomplish this by utilizing a combination of the DB2 capabilities described here