Đồ án research, design and implementation of an automatic car parking system

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING GRADUATION THESIS ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CAR PARKING SYSTEM LECTURER: Ph.D TRAN VI DO STUDENT: VO HUY HOANG TRAN NHAT HUY TRAN DUY KHANH SKL 1 Ho Chi Minh City, August, 2023 HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING GRADUATION PROJECT RESEARCH, DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CAR PARKING SYSTEM VO HUY HOANG Student ID : 18146020 TRAN NHAT HUY Student ID : 18146024 TRAN DUY KHANH Student ID : 18146033 Major: MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING Advisor: Dr Tran Vi Do Ho Chi Minh City, 7th of August 2023 Disclaimer The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are solely responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the material and information presented here This report is not a standard, specification or regulation Acknowledgements We are over helmed in all humbleness and gratefulness to acknowledge our depth to all those who have helped us to put these ideas, well above the level of simplicity and into something concrete I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher Tran Vi Do as well as our principal who gave me the excellent opportunity to this wonderful project on this interesting topic, which also helped us in doing a lot of research and we came to know about so many new things We are thankful to them Any attempt at any level cannot be satisfactorily completed without the support and guidance of our teacher and friends We would like to thank my wonderful friends who helped us a lot in gathering different information, collecting data and guiding us from time to time in making this project, despite of their busy schedules, they gave me different ideas in making this project unique Table of Contents ABSTRACT CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Motivation of the research 1.2 The scientific and practical significance of the topic 1.3 Objective of research 1.4 Target and research area 1.5 Methodological basic 1.6 Benefit of project CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 The introduction of automatic car parking systems 2.2 Overview of traffic station in Vietnam 2.2.1 Demand for parking lot in Vietnam recently 2.2.3 Misidentification of automatic parking lot 2.3 General process 2.4 Some of car parking systems 2.4.1 Tower Parking System 2.4.2 Silo Parking System 2.4.3 Rotary Parking System 2.5 Comparison 10 2.5.1 Automatic Car Parking System 10 2.5.2 Traditional Spontaneous Parking 11 2.6 Install Process 12 2.9 Stepper Motor .14 2.9.1 Construction and Working Principle 14 2.9.2 Types of Stepper Motor 15 2.10 Belt Transmission 16 2.11 Lead Screw 16 2.12 Electrical Components 18 CHAPTER 3: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 23 3.1 Block Diagram 23 3.1.1 Block Listing 23 3.1.2 Block Diagram .24 3.2 Operational Description 24 3.3 Mechanical Design 24 3.3.1 Calculation and equipment choosing 24 3.3.2 Solidworks drawing 30 3.3.3 Some Of Detailed Drawings 32 3.4 Electrical Design 37 3.4.1 Components 37 3.4.2 Block Diagram 37 3.4.3 Control Design .38 CHAPTER 4: EXPERIMENT AND RESULT 40 4.1 Experiment 40 4.2 Result 45 4.3 Overall .45 CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND IMPROVEMENT .47 5.1 Conclusion 47 5.2 Improvement 47 References 48 Appendix 49 List of Figures Figure of Chapter Figure 1: Traffic congestion in metropolises on peak hours [1] Figure 2: The vacant lands become temporary parking, affecting urban beauty [2] Figure 3: Car parked on the pavement [3] Figure 4: General Process Diagram Figure 5: Tower Parking System [4] Figure 6: Silo Parking System [5] Figure 7: Rotary Parking System [6] .10 Figure 8: Automatic Car Parking System Principle 10 Figure 9: Traditional Spontaneous Parking .11 Figure 10: Install Process Diagram 12 Figure 11: Stepper Motor [7] 14 Figure 12: Stepper Motor Construction [8] .15 Figure 13: Square Thread [9] 17 Figure 14: Acme Thread [9] .17 Figure 15: Buttress Thread [9] 18 Figure 16: Power Source 18 Figure 17: Arduino Mega 2560 R3 [10] 19 Figure 18: LCD 1602 [11] 19 Figure 19: RFID RC522 [12] 21 Figure 20: Proximity Sensor 21 Figure of Chapter Figure 2: Block Listing .23 Figure 3: Block Diagram 24 Figure 4: Several types of Shaped Aluminums 26 Figure 5: V-Slot Shaped Aluminum 26 Figure 6: Shaped Aluminum 20x20 26 Figure 7: Electric motor and speed reduction machine 28 Figure 8: The front-side view of prototype .30 Figure 9: The left-side view of prototype 30 Figure 10: The back-side view of machine 31 Figure 11: The complete prototype 31 Figure 12: Total Assembly Prototype 32 Figure 13: 3D Assembly Prototype 32 Figure 14: Parking Car Frame 33 Figure 15: Assembly Table .33 Figure 16: Lifting Pad .34 Figure 17: Part cb4 34 Figure 18: Part cb5 35 Figure 19: Plate Z .35 Figure 20: Nut Screw 36 Figure 21: Fixed Frame 36 Figure 22: Electrical block diagram 37 Figure 23: Electric circuit 38 Figure 24: Operational flowchart 38 Figure 25: Control flow chart 39 Figure of Chapter Figure 1: Small car model 40 Figure 2: RFID card 41 Figure 3: Control board 41 Figure 4: Car in standby position 42 Figure 5: Infrared sensor to detect car .42 Figure 6: Successfully Parking 43 Figure 7: Parking out mode .43 Figure 8: Testing with the blocking standby position .44 Figure : Sucessfully Parking Out 44 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Electrical Components .37 ABSTRACT The growing number of vehicles in metropolitan areas has resulted in an increase in the demand for parking places Traditional parking systems are becoming obsolete, inefficient, and time-consuming Automatic car parking systems have developed as a viable answer to this problem This abstract presents an overview of autonomous car parking systems, including their essential components and advantages To automate the parking procedure, automatic car parking systems employ advanced technology such as sensors, cameras, and computer algorithms These technologies not require human interaction, allowing for more efficient utilization of available parking space Vehicles are steered and positioned inside the parking lot using a combination of sensor data and clever algorithms, ensuring that the available space is used optimally Finally, the system is almost complete when it is possible to identify and analyze the number of license plates, count the remaining space up to 90% Keywords: Automatic car parking systems, human interaction, combination of sensor data, clever algorithms , license plates CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Motivation of the research In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the development and implementation of automatic car parking systems These systems utilize advanced technologies and algorithms to efficiently park vehicles without human intervention The motivation behind the research and development of automatic car parking systems stems from several key factors, including the increasing global urbanization, limited parking space availability, environmental concerns, and the potential for improved efficiency and convenience 1.2 The scientific and practical significance of the topic - Design the Automatic Car Parking System with the best product to serve the customer’s demand - Improve more about the quality of product, structure of machine than the other type of traditional way 1.3 Objective of research The major is to research about the problem of current car parking system, thereby offering many various solution One of the best solution that our team find out that is to build an fully automatic car parking system which make it more convenient for people to park their cars without worrying about safety, security, saving time and easy to operate 1.4 Target and research area - Research about the technology of an Automatic Car Parking System - Design and assemble structure of machine - Calculate the transmission structure design - Research the electrical and control design 1.5 Methodological basic Investigate and analysis the advantages and disadvantages of the Automatic Car Parking System to have several improvements in the future 1.6 Benefit of project Overall, automatic automobile parking systems offer a variety of advantages, including greater parking capacity, time and cost savings, convenience, safety, environmental sustainability, and integration with smart city projects These benefits make them an appealing solution for addressing parking issues in highly populated locations lcd.print("CHE DO LAY XE"); } if((digitalRead(Lay)==0)&&(digitalRead(Gui)==1)){ lcd.setCursor(3,1); lcd.print("CHE DO GUI XE"); } if((x==1)&&(y==1)&&(z==1)){ lcd.setCursor(1,0); lcd.print("VUI LONG QUET THE!"); } ////Chương trình quẹt thẻ RFID if(!mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent()) {return;} if(!mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) {return;} String content=""; for(byte i=0;i