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[...]... tendencies THE EVOLUTION OF ADOLESCENT PORTRAYALINTHEMEDIA Despite the increased study ofmedia influence on adolescent development, there has been no systematic study of change inportrayalofadolescents or the behaviors that might influence their socialization sincethe advent ofthe new age of affluence Because themedia have undoubtedly played a role in socializing adolescents, it is of great interest... health risks While helping to promote the behaviors that encouraged overeating, themedia were simultaneously featuring increasingly thin women on television 18 changing portr ayal ofadolescentsinthemedia shows and films (see Chapter 6) An intriguing study of the introduction of television to the Fiji Islands inthe late 1990s found an increase in disordered eating and dieting among adolescent girls... considered in the context ofthe new culture of consumption MEDIA INFLUENCE IN THE NEW CULTURE OF CONSUMPTION With the ever-increasing ethos of immediate gratification in the media, it was not surprising that the cohort of youth growing up in the postwar period would absorb these media messages Because adolescents are more impulsive than adults and willing to experiment with new behaviors, they are vulnerable... enjoy the fruits ofthe new prosperity, they were simultaneously adopting the characteristics of typical adolescents, in what Osgerby (Chapter 1) has termed youthful hedonism As we find in our review ofmedia influences, most ofthe harmful effects ofthemedia involve the adoption of impulsive behavior patterns that maximize short-term reward at the expense of long-term gain Themedia s evolving role... rulings by the Supreme Court helped to end the power ofthe Code (F Miller, 1994) One ruling in 1952 overturned earlier decisions that upheld the use ofthe Code and extended First Amendment protection to the film industry In addition, an antitrust ruling by the Court 8 changing portr ayal ofadolescentsinthemediain 1948 made it difficult for the industry to control the distribution of films to theaters—especially... The increasing enrollment of youth in high schools had been a trend sincethe beginning ofthe century However, starting inthe 1950s, more than half ofadolescents completed high school and everincreasing percentages of young people also attended college, a trend that extended the period of dependency and delay of adult responsibility further into the third decade of life This extension also increased... example of such influence is inthe realm of food consumption At the dawn ofthe new era of affluence, Americans devoted about a quarter of their income to food However, expenditures for food continuously declined as a proportion ofthe family budget, reflecting the everincreasing ability to purchase discretionary items As part of this trend, the proportion ofthe food budget devoted to eating outside the. .. ask in this volume is how portrayals ofadolescents and the behaviors that might influence their socialization have changed over this period We then ask whether media portrayals pose socialization risks for the future and what enlightened policy alternatives present themselves regarding media influence inthe continuing era of media- saturated socialization Controlling themedia s socialization of children... has evolved sincethe 1950s Indeed, it was evident to us that the ability ofadolescents to learn about themselves inthemedia has increased greatly since1950Inthe beginning of television, there were only three channels (NBC and CBS, followed by ABC) with very limited opportunities to show anything with adolescent content However, by the early 1980s, a new network (Fox) appeared on the scene with... supporting violence 12 changing portr ayal ofadolescentsinthemedia to achieve their ends Such prompts would not need to depict novel forms of behavior; they would only need to remind media consumers about ways of behaving they have learned inthe past The most prevalent of these influences would be efforts to spur consumers to buy products Indeed, a good deal of advertising simply reminds viewers to use . y0 w0 h1" alt="" The Changing Portrayal of Adolescents in the Media Since 1950 This page intentionally left blank The Changing Portrayal of Adolescents in the Media Since 1950 Edited by Patrick. Professor Department of Psychology University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI xiv contributors The Changing Portrayal of Adolescents in the Media Since 1950 This page intentionally left blank Introduction Mass. examines the policy conundrums raised by the findings. In Chapter 9, Timothy Dewhirst exam- ines another difficult problem, the advertising and portrayal of tobacco use in the media. He examines