Persuasive Strategies In Political Discourse.pdf

VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES  NGUYỄN THỊ HUYỀN PERSUASIVE STRATEGIES IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE (Chiến lược thuyế[.]

VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES  NGUYỄN THỊ HUYỀN PERSUASIVE STRATEGIES IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE (Chiến lược thuyết phục diễn ngơn trị) MA THESIS – TYPE Field : English Linguistics Code : 8220201.01 HANOI - 2021 VIET NAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, HANOI UNIVERSITY OF LANGUAGES AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES FACULTY OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES  NGUYỄN THỊ HUYỀN PERSUASIVE STRATEGIES IN POLITICAL DISCOURSE (Chiến lược thuyết phục diễn ngơn trị) MA THESIS – TYPE Field : English Linguistics Code : 8220201.01 Supervisor : Prof Nguyễn Hòa HANOI - 2021 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this MA thesis namely Persuasive Strategies in Political Discourse is my own original work and has not been submitted before to any institutions for assessment purposes Further, I have acknowledged all sources used and have cited in the reference section Researcher Date: December 2021 Nguyễn Thị Huyền i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly, I wish to express my sincere gratitude to my thesis supervisor - Prof Nguyễn Hòa of the University of Languages and International Studies at Viet Nam National University for his patience, motivation, and immense knowledge His guidance helped me in all the time of doing the research and writing this thesis I could not have imagined having a better advisor and mentor for my MA study Secondly, I am also grateful of my fellow MA friends for their friendship and mentally constant support during the time of studying and writing my thesis Last but not the least; I express my very profound gratitude to my parents, to my husband and to my sisters for providing me with unfailing support and continuous encouragement throughout years of my studying and through the process of researching and writing this thesis This accomplishment would not have been possible without them Author Nguyễn Thị Huyền ii ABSTRACT Hillary Rodham Clinton has been known as an American politician who has served as the First Lady of the United States, an U.S senator, the Secretary of State, and a Democratic party’s nominee for President Hillary became one of the most prominent First Ladies, who has championed Women and Children’s rights Among her passionate finest speeches, the speech on women’s rights in 1995 for me is the most significant and meaningful This research investigates the persuasive strategies used in the speech and how those strategies worked to bring people around to the speaker’s ideas The specific aims of this paper are to reveal the persuasive strategies used in the political speech identifying the prominent linguistic features used in Hillary’s speech to impact the audience’s minds This research adopts Aristotle theory of persuasion, CDA, and Toulmin’s model of argument Lexis, grammar and structure are three linguistic prominence analyzed in the thesis The findings of this study are to figure out the sole operation and mutual combination of persuasive strategies presented as logos, ethos, and pathos to reassure the close relationship between language and ideology iii C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an ABBREVIATIONS DA : Discourse Analysis CDA : Critical Discourse Analysis SFG : Systemic Functional Grammar iv Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an LISTS OF FIGURES Figure 1: Relationship between approach, method, technique and strategy (Anthony, 1963) Figure 2: Toulmin’s argument pattern (Toulmin, 1958) 13 Figure 3: Fairclough’s three-dimensional framework for analysis of discourse 18 Figure 4: Summary of transitivity analysis .25 v Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ii ABSTRACT iii ABBREVIATIONS iv LISTS OF FIGURES v CHAPTER I .1 INTRODUCTION .1 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Scope of the study 1.3 Aims of the study 1.4 Structure of the thesis 1.5 Significance of the study CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW .5 2.1 Brief overview of CDA 2.2 Definitions of some key terms used in the study 2.3 Classifications of persuasive strategies according to Aristotle’s theory 10 2.3.1 Logos as the ideational function of discourse 11 2.3.2 Ethos and pathos as interpersonal function of discourse .11 2.4 Toulmin’s model interrelates with textual function of discourse 12 2.5 Some previous studies related to the thesis 14 2.6 Summary 15 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY 16 3.1 The data 16 3.2 The methodological approach and analytical framework 17 3.3 The procedures 19 CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS .21 4.1 Findings 21 vi Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 4.1.1 Ideational function of language-Logos 21 4.1.2 Interpersonal functions- ethos and pathos .30 4.1.3 Macro-structure as textual function of language 41 4.1.4 Metaphor 44 4.2 Discussion 46 4.3 Explanation 49 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION 51 5.1 Recapitulation of the main findings 51 5.2 Limitations of the study .52 5.3 Implications and suggestions for future research .52 REFERENCES 53 APPENDICES I APPENDIX I APPENDIX XIX vii Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION This chapter deals with the rationale, the scope, the aim, the structure of the thesis, the significance and definitions of some key terms used in the study 1.1 Rationale Speaking in front of the crowd is difficult for many people Moreover, speaking persuasively is even more challenging Public speaking is an act of delivering and performing a speech to a live group of audience This kind of speech is usually designed for three main purposes such as to inform, to persuade, and to entertain In public communication, speakers need to be persuasive if they desire to achieve influence on the audience Employing persuasive speaking techniques effectively is increasingly recognized as a successful and worldwide way In addition, political speech is, on the one hand, one of the most influential modes of public speaking and on the other hand plays a vital role of determining speaker’s personalities and revealing his or her political and critical views A great number of researchers have just been interested in political discourse analysis which draws on Critical Discourse Analysis However, studies in communication strategies used by a female politician from the perspective of CDA based on Aristotle’s approach have only been carried out in a small number of areas Although there are studies which focused on political speeches from a perspective of CDA and in terms of how linguistic resources are employed in the process, this research is an attempt to combine Aristotle’s theory of persuasion, CDA, and Toulmin’s model of argument By describing linguistic features, observing the application of ethos, logos, and pathos, and finding the textual structure of the speech, the ideology of speaker’s and the way the speaker delivers the speech, how the audience’s mind is influenced will be explored During the initial stage of her political career, Hillary’s most prominent accomplishments are centered around military, health care, women and children It Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an All governments 53 54 55 56 57 Senser The international community Senser Both women and men Goal They No one Women Whose human rights The rape of women Women and achieved to strengthen by empowering to take accept to protect and promote MATERIAL has long acknowledged and 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C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 58 59 60 61 62 ….refugees children Women They Goal Carrier I It Sensor Token It Token It Carrier The world These abuses The history of women There who 63 The voices 64 It Babies Senser Actor are excluded become to abuse believe is to break is to say is no longer to discuss to hear have continued MATERIAL RELATIONAL MATERIAL MENTAL RELATIONAL MATERIAL RELATIONAL VERBAL RELATIONAL VERBAL MENTAL MATERIAL Token has been RELATIONAL a history of silence are are trying to silence must be heard Phenomenon loudly and clearly Token is Senser are denied or drowned Sayer even more vulnerable that time the silence time that acceptable women’s rights EXISTENTIAL those MENTAL our words VERBAL Attribute Phenomenon Value Goal Value Verbiage Attribute Verbiage Value Existent Verbiage MENTAL RELATIONAL a violation food MENTAL MATERIAL XI Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Value Phenomenon C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 65 66 67 68 Their spines They (girls) It Women and girls The kinds of reasons That It Women Their marriage dowries It Individual women 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77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 69 They it Goal Token are subjected is Goal are brutalized it Women Token Senser that Token Sayer Token Token Token Senser is are denied to plan includes being forced to have being sterilized against is echoes let…be are are let…not forget EXISTENTIAL VERBAL RELATIONAL RELATIONAL RELATIONAL MENTAL Token are RELATIONAL the rights Young girls 70 71 72 73 There That it Human rights Women’s rights us Among those rights The right Women to speak freely Phenomenon to be heard Senser must enjoy MATERIAL RELATIONAL a violation by the painful and MATERIAL degrading …mutilation RELATIONAL a violation the right MENTAL MATERIAL their own families RELATIONAL MENTAL RELATIONAL abortions MATERIAL VERBAL MENTAL MENTAL their will one message fourth women’s rights human rights the rights XIII Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Value Actor Value Phenomenon Goal Value Goal Existent Verbiage Value Value Value Phenomenon C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an to participate fully We 74 75 Senser It Carrier Many women Actor who Sensor me Freedom Carrier Token 76 It Token 77 Who It Senser Token want MATERIAL MENTAL to thrive and endure is have not been able to attend or have been prohibited fully taking part wished to participate let… be means to assemble, organize, and debate openly means respecting may disagree means not taking in the social and political lives freedom and democracy Goal Phenomenon MATERIAL RELATIONAL indefensible Attribute MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MENTAL MATERIAL in this conference RELATIONAL clear RELATIONAL the right of people Goal Attribute Value MATERIAL RELATIONAL the views MENTAL MENTAL RELATIONAL MATERIAL citizens XIV Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Phenomenon Goal C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 78 We Actor 79 It Women Actor Actor 80 It That Actor jailing mistreating denying recently celebrated took to win to vote took happened 81 It Token was 82 It Token 83 Suffrage Goal A shot Goal was was achieved without being fired have also been reminded comes join together to combat to build have seen 84 85 We Senser That Men and women Actor Actor We Senser MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL them them them the 75th anniversary of women’s suffrage 150 years the right Goal Goal Goal 72 years Goal one of America’s most RELATIONAL divisive philosophical wars RELATIONAL a bloodless war Goal Goal Goal Value Value MATERIAL MATERIAL MENTAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MENTAL of the good Phenomenon the forces of tyranny a better world peace Goal Goal Phenomenon XV Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 86 We Senser prevail have avoided MATERIAL MENTAL 87 We Actor have not solved MATERIAL That Actor 88 It Token 89 We Actor We Actor Continue to diminish is to act take to better will be taking 90 91 92 93 Families Families Familes The potential of the human family Discrimination and inequities Actor Actor Actor Phenomenon Existent MATERIAL MATERIAL RELATIONAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL to better MATERIAL rely on rely on rely on needed to raise and care for MATERIAL MATERIAL MATERIAL MENTAL MATERIAL MATERIAL will not be realized another world war older, deeply-rooted problems Goal the time Value bold steps the lives of women bold steps the lives of children and families mothers and wives women ….home women for income Goal Goal Goal healthy children other relatives Goal Goal MENTAL remain Phenomenon MATERIAL XVI Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Goal Goal Goal Goal C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Girls and women Goal are valued less, fed less, fed last, overworked, underpaid, not schooled, subjected a peaceful, prosperous Goal world our and the world’s Value RELATIONAL call to action that call Phenomenon MENTAL Goal MATERIAL a world with respect and Circumstance MENTAL dignity to create 94 This conference Token let….be 95 Us We Senser Actor let…heed can create Goal is treated Every woman 98 Every boy and girl Every family that That Who We The time 99 We Actor 100 We Actor 96 97 Phenomenon Carrier Token Token Carrier Senser Carrier MATERIAL MATERIAL is loved and cared for equally Has is is have want to see is must move beyond must move MENTAL RELATIONAL RELATIONAL RELATIONAL RELATIONAL MENTAL RELATIONAL the hope the work the work a vision of the world (the world) now Attribute Value Value Attribute Phenomenon Attribute MATERIAL rhetoric Goal MATERIAL recognition of Goal XVII Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 101 We God Who Senser Senser Actor problems beyond to working together to have to build hope to see ‘s blessing Will benefit MATERIAL RELATIONAL the comment efforts MATERIAL that common ground MENTAL MENTAL MATERIAL XVIII Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Attribute Goal C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an APENDIX (1) Thank you very much, Gertrude Mongella, for your dedicated work that has brought us to this point, distinguished delegates, and guests (2) I would like to thank the Secretary General for inviting me to be part of this important United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women (3) This is truly a celebration, a celebration of the contributions women make in every aspect of life: in the home, on the job, in the community, as mothers, wives, sisters, daughters, learners, workers, citizens, and leaders (4) It is also a coming together, much the way women come together every day in every country (5) We come together in fields and factories, in village markets and supermarkets, in living rooms and board rooms (6) Whether it is while playing with our children in the park, or washing clothes in a river, or ta king a break at the office water cooler, we come together and talk about our aspirations and concerns (7) And time and again, our talk turns to our children and our families (8)However different we may appear, there is far more that unites us than divides us (9) We share a common future, and we are here to find common ground so that we may help bring new dignity and respect to women and girls all over the world, and in so doing bring new strength and stability to families as well (10) By gathering in Beijing, we are focusing world attention on issues that matter most in our lives the lives of women and their families: access to education, health care, jobs and credit, the chance to enjoy basic legal and human rights and to participate fully in the political life of our countries (11) There are some who question the reason for this conference (12) Let them listen to the voices of women in their homes, neighborhoods, and workplaces (13) There are some who wonder whether the lives of women and girls matter to economic and political progress around the globe (14) Let them look at the women gathered here and at Huairou - the homemakers and nurses, the teachers and lawyers, the policymakers and women who run their own businesses (15) It is conferences like this that compel governments and peoples everywhere to listen, look, and face the world’s most pressing problems (16) Wasn’t it after all after the women’s conference in Nairobi ten years ago that the world focused for the first time on the crisis of domestic violence? XIX Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an (17) Earlier today, I participated in a World Health Organization forum (18) In that forum, we talked about ways that government officials, NGOs, and individual citizens are working to address the health problems of women and girls (19) Tomorrow, I will attend a gathering of the United Nations Development Fund for Women (20) There, the discussion will focus on local and highly successful programs that give hard-working women access to credit so they can improve their own lives and the lives of their families (21) What we are learning around the world is that if women are healthy and educated, their families will flourish (22) If women are free from violence, their families will flourish (23) If women have a chance to work and earn as full and equal partners in society, their families will flourish (24) And when families flourish, communities and nations as well (25) That is why every woman, every man, every child, every family, and every nation on this planet does have a stake in the discussion that takes place here (26) Over the past 25 years, I have worked persistently on issues relating to women, children, and families (27) Over the past two and a half years, I've had the opportunity to learn more about the challenges facing women in my own country and around the world (28) I have met new mothers in Indonesia, who come together regularly in their village to discuss nutrition, family planning, and baby care (29) I have met working parents in Denmark who talk about the comfort they feel in knowing that their children can be cared for in safe, and nurturing after-school centers (30) I have met women in South Africa who helped lead the struggle to end apartheid and are now helping to build a new democracy (31) I have met with the leading women of my own hemisphere who are working every day to promote literacy and better health care for children in their countries (32) I have met women in India and Bangladesh who are taking out small loans to buy milk cows, or rickshaws, or thread in order to create a livelihood for themselves and their families (33) I have met the doctors and nurses in Belarus and Ukraine who are trying to keep children alive in the aftermath of Chernobyl (34) The great challenge of this conference is to give voice to women everywhere whose experiences go unnoticed, whose words go unheard (35) Women comprise more than half the world’s population, 70% of the world’s poor, and two-thirds of those who are not taught to read and write (36) We are the primary caretakers for most of the world’s children and elderly (37) Yet much of the work we is not valued not by economists, not by historians, not by popular culture, not by government leaders XX Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an (38) At this very moment, as we sit here, women around the world are giving birth, raising children, cooking meals, washing clothes, cleaning houses, planting crops, working on assembly lines, running companies, and running countries (39) Women also are dying from diseases that should have been prevented or treated (40) They are watching their children succumb to malnutrition caused by poverty and economic deprivation (41) They are being denied the right to go to school by their own fathers and brothers (42) They are being forced into prostitution, and they are being barred from the bank lending offices and banned from the ballot box (43) Those of us who have the opportunity to be here have the responsibility to speak for those who could not (44) As an American, I want to speak for those women in my own country, women who are raising children on the minimum wage, women who can’t afford health care or child care, women whose lives are threatened by violence, including violence in their own homes (45) I want to speak up for mothers who are fighting for good schools, safe neighborhoods, clean air, and clean airwaves; for older women, some of them widows, who find that, after raising their families, their skills and life experiences are not valued in the marketplace; for women who are working all night as nurses, hotel clerks, or fast food chefs so that they can be at home during the day with their children; and for women everywhere who simply don’t have time to everything they are called upon to each and every day (46) Speaking to you today, I speak for them, just as each of us speaks for women around the world who are denied the chance to go to school, or see a doctor, or own property, or have a say about the direction of their lives, simply because they are women (47) The truth is that most women around the world work both inside and outside the home, usually by necessity (48) We need to understand there is no one formula for how women should lead our lives (49) That is why we must respect the choices that each woman makes for herself and her family (50) Every woman deserves the chance to realize her own God-given potential (51) But we must recognize that women will never gain full dignity until their human rights are respected and protected (52) Our goals for this conference, to strengthen families and societies by empowering women to take greater control over their own destinies, cannot be fully achieved unless all governments here and around the world accept their responsibility to protect and XXI Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an promote internationally recognized human rights (53) The – (applause) The international community has long acknowledged and recently reaffirmed at Vienna that both women and men are entitled to a range of protections and personal freedoms, from the right of personal security to the right to determine freely the number and spacing of the children they bear (54) No one –(applause) No one should be forced to remain silent for fear of religious or political persecution, arrest, abuse, or torture (55) Tragically, women are most often the ones whose human rights are violated (56) Even now, in the late 20th century, the rape of women continues to be used as an instrument of armed conflict (57) Women and children make up a large majority of the world’s refugees (58) And when women are excluded from the political process, they become even more vulnerable to abuse (59) I believe that now, on the eve of a new millennium, it is time to break the silence (60) It is time for us to say here in Beijing, and for the world to hear, that it is no longer acceptable to discuss women’s rights as separate from human rights (61) These abuses have continued because, for too long, the history of women has been a history of silence (62) Even today, there are those who are trying to silence our words (63) But the voices of this conference and of the women at Huairou must be heard loudly and clearly: (64) It is a violation of human rights when babies are denied food, or drowned, or suffocated, or their spines broken, simply because they are born girls (applause) (65) It is a violation of human rights when women and girls are sold into the slavery of prostitution for human greed and the kinds of reasons that are used to justify this practice should no longer be tolerated (66) It is a violation of human rights when women are doused with gasoline, set on fire, and burned to death because their marriage dowries are deemed too small (67) It is a violation of human rights when individual women are raped in their own communities and when thousands of women are subjected to rape as a tactic or prize of war (68) It is a violation of human rights when a leading cause of death worldwide among women ages 14 to 44 is the violence they are subjected to in their own homes by their own relatives XXII Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an (69) It is a violation of human rights when young girls are brutalized by the painful and degrading practice of genital mutilation (70) It is a violation of human rights when women are denied the right to plan their own families, and that includes being forced to have abortions or being sterilized against their will (71) If there is one message that echoes forth from this conference, let it be that human rights are women’s rights and women’s rights are human rights once and for all (72) Let us not forget that among those rights are the right to speak freely and the right to be heard (73) Women must enjoy the rights to participate fully in the social and political lives of their countries, if we want freedom and democracy to thrive and endure (74) It is indefensible that many women in nongovernmental organizations who wished to participate in this conference have not been able to attend or have been prohibited from fully taking part (75) Let me be clear Freedom means the right of people to assemble, organize, and debate openly (76) It means respecting the views of those who may disagree with the views of their governments (77) It means not taking citizens away from their loved ones and jailing them, mistreating them, or denying them their freedom or dignity because of the peaceful expression of their ideas and opinions Applause (78) In my country, we recently celebrated the 75th anniversary of Women’s Suffrage (79) It took 150 years after the signing of our Declaration of Independence for women to win the right to vote (80) It took 72 years of organized struggle, before that happened, on the part of many courageous women and men (81) It was one of America’s most divisive philosophical wars (82) But it was a bloodless war (83) Suffrage was achieved without a shot being fired (84) But we have also been reminded, in V-J Day observances last weekend, of the good that comes when men and women join together to combat the forces of tyranny and to build a better world (85) We have seen peace prevail in most places for a half century (86) We have avoided another world war (87) But we have not solved older, deeply-rooted problems that continue to diminish the potential of half the world’s population XXIII Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn