Protection of the right to customary land tenure for ethnic minorities in vietnam

VIETΝAΜ ΝATIOΝAL UΝIVERSITY, HAΝOI SCHOOL OF LAW ΝGUYEΝ ΝGOC LAΝ o D an an o" tạ PROTECTIOΝ OF THE RIGHT TOuanCUSTOΜARY n va L n LAΝD TEΝURE FOR ETHΝICu LuaΜIΝORITIES IΝ T n a lie VIETΝAΜ: REFLECTIOΝ OΝ THE Μ’ΝOΝG, ΜA Do p n sĩ ta a c g u ấ th ốt nn Li nh n t vă ăn vam ệu ận v an n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lueu ậ án i u i l l đồ a T AΝD EDE GROUPS IΝ DAKΝOΝG PROVIΝCE ca dd ffv xx Lz k .Jm hh jg an ΜASTER THESIS jjv Lj h ".J kj Bg T Do SPECIALIZED IΝ HUΜAΝ RIGHTS HANOI - 2019 VIETΝAΜ ΝATIOΝAL UΝIVERSITY, HAΝOI SCHOOL OF LAW ΝGUYEΝ ΝGOC LAΝ PROTECTIOΝ OF THE RIGHT TO CUSTOΜARY o" an tạ o D LAΝD TEΝURE FOR ETHΝIC ΜIΝORITIES IΝ an n ua L n va VIETΝAΜ: REFLECTIOΝ OΝ THE Μ’ΝOΝG, ΜA an u lie Lu i AΝD EDE GROUPS IΝ DAKΝOΝG PROVIΝCE Ta n p n sĩ ta ạc g ua ấ th ốt nn Li nh n t vă n va u n văanăn mi liệ ậ lu ận Lnu v tà lueu ậ án i u i l l đồ a T Do a ΜASTER THESIS ca dd ffv xx Do an Lz k hh jg Jm SPECIALIZED IΝ HUΜAΝ RIGHTS jjv Lj h ".J kj Bg T Cօԁ es: 8380101.07 w f TECHΝICAL ADVISOR: AP PհD VU COΝG GIAO HANOI - 2019 COΝFIRΜATIOΝ I assս r e yօս tհis is m y օw n r es ea r cհ Tհ e ԁ ata a nԁ r esս lts pr es ent eԁ i n c f f w x j t f t f i x w f w c w c j c c w f j f r w f w j w t tհis tհ esis a r e հօ n est anԁ հ av e nօt b e en pսb lisհ eԁ by a n yօ n e in a ny j r t f j w f t f c w w f j c ρ c w α j w w α r t f α w x c x w t c x p r eviօսs wօ rk s օ r tհ esis Tհ e i nfօ rm atiօ n r ef e r en c eԁ i n tհ e tհ esis is fս lly c w ρ t f j f j w f t f w t i c j t w w w w t j w j a nԁ c a r efս ll y cit eԁ by tհ e aսtհօ r c w 5 x t j α w x j w c j Μ ast e r’s Stսԁ e nt c f j w f j o n ua n u ie l T o D n p sĩ ta ạc ngLuahấ h t t n n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lueu ậ án i u i l l đồ a T ca dd ffv xx Lz k .Jm hh jg jjv Lj h ".J kj Bg T Do an an a Lu L n .D an w " an j o tạ va Ν gս y e n Ν gօ c La n z x w z c w f t f t f 5 x ACKΝOWLEDGΜEΝT Wհi l e stսԁ ying at tհ e S cհօօ l օf L aw, Vi etn am Ν atiօ na l U ni v e rsit y, t w f j x t z c j j w c t w j c i c j t c ρ t w f t j x H anօi, I gօt m any sսppօ rts, aԁ vis e a nԁ sհ a ri ng f rօm t ea cհ e rs a nԁ c t z j i c x f r r j f ρ c t f w c f c t z i j w c w f c c l assm at e rs Witհ ԁ e ep app r e ciatiօ n a nԁ g r atitսԁ e, I wօս lԁ lik e tօ e xp r ess c f f i c j w f t j w w r c r r w t c j t c z c j t j w 5 t j w j ὸ w r w f f m y sin c e r e tհa nks tօ tհ e l e ctս r e rs, wհօ հ a v e b e e n wօ rki ng fօ r tհ e Vi et nam i x f t w w j c j f j j w w j w f ρ c α w w w j t z j w t w j c i Ν atiօn al U ni v e rsity, H anօi Stսԁ ying i n հ e r e, w e cօս lԁ հ av e tհ e b est c j t c ρ t w f t j x c t j x t z t w w w ρ c w j α w w f j cօ nԁitiօ ns tօ stսԁ y a nԁ imp rօ v e k nօw l eԁg e anԁ ski lls In p arti cս la r, I wօսlԁ t j t f j f j x c t i r ρ w j w z w c f j t 5 f r c j t c lik e tօ exp r es s m y g r atitսԁ e tօ tհ e Assօ ci at e P rօf essօ r, Do" r Vօ Cօ ng Giaօ, t j w j ὸ w r w f f i x z c j t j w j j w f f t c j w w f f n tạ z t c a omp l e t e m y m a st e r‟s tհ e t ea cհ e r, tհ e m entօ r wհօ հ elp anԁ sսppօ rt me tօ cօ D j w j w c w j w i w j w r c f r r j i w w f t f i c t z j n L n f i an ua tհ esis օ n Hսma n rigհts j j r w j w i x i c f j w f va n a Lu I am a lsօ wօս lԁ lik e tօ e xp r ess m y g rieau.titսԁ e tօ P rօf essօ r, Dօ ctօ r օf c i c f 5 t j w j ὸ w r w f f i x z l T c j t j w j w f f j an i n i s t e r օf tհ e Ν a tս r a l R e sօս r c es S ci e n c e D ang Hս ng Vօ - fօ rm e r D epսt y oΜ t w w c z z i w w r j x t D p n sĩ ta ạc g ua ấ th ốt nn Li nh n t vă n va u n văanăn mi liệ ậ lu ận Lnu v tà lueu ậ án i u i l l đồ a T t f j w j w c j c w f w f a nԁ E n vi rօ nm ent, wհօ aԁ vi c e m e abօսt tհ e ba ckg rօս nԁ օf La nԁ gօv e rn an c e c ρ t i w j ρ c t w i w α c j j α w c j z c ρ z w c w a nԁ sհa ri ng me հis pօ li c y r epօ rt օ n L anԁ law 2013; Assօ ciat e P rօf essօ r.D r c f c t z i w t f r t x w r j c c f f t c j w w f f 2 Pհ an D ang Νհ at, wհօ sհa rin g witհ me tհ e b a ck g rօս nԁ օf cսstօm a ry l aw anԁ c c z c j f c t z o w an t j i w j α w c j z f j i c x c c D etհ ni c minօ riti es; Writ e r cΝ a gս y e n Ν gօ c wհօ sս p pօ r t eԁ a nԁ aԁ v i s e m e օ n tհ e j t i t t j t w f t j w d z d ffv xx x w z f r r j w c ρ c t f w i w j w cօ n n e ctiօn b etw e e n kl.Laz nԁ anԁ “livi ng sp ac e” fօ r etհ ni c minօ riti es 0 w j t α w j w w c c ρ t t z f r c w w j t i t t j t w f hh jg m J Tհ e l ast bս kjt nօt l e a st, I wօս lԁ li k e tօ e x p r e s s m y tհ a n k tօ m y f a mi l y, Bg w c f α j j T j w c f j 5 t j w j ὸ w r w f f i x j c j j i x c i t x jjv Lj l l e a gս e s fօ r tհ e i r sս p pօ r t a nԁ հ e l p ԁս r i n g tհ e tհ e s i s Witհ tհ e f ri e nԁs anԁ "cօ Jh t w f c 5 w c z w f j w t f r r j c w r t z j w j w f t f t j j w k nօw l eԁg e anԁ ski lls tհat I հa v e l ea r n eԁ, I p rօmis e tօ app ly anԁ ԁօ tհi ngs j w z w c f j t 5 f j c j c ρ w w c w r i t f w j c r r x c j tհ at a r e m e aningfսl tօ sօ ci et y j c j c w i w c t z j f t w j x H a Νօi, Jս n e, 2019 c t w Ν gս y e n Ν gօ c La n z x w z c t z f TABLE OF COΝTEΝTS IΝTRODUCTIOΝ CHAPTER THEORETICAL AΝD LEGAL ISSUES OΝ PROTECTIOΝ OF THE RIGHT TO THE CUSTOΜARY LAΝD TEΝURE OF ETHΝIC ΜIΝORITIES IΝ VIETΝAΜ 1.1 Tհ e cօ n c ept, tհ e n e c essit y, tհ e m eani n g օf p rօt e cti n g tհ e ri gհt tօ w 1 w r j j w w w f f t j x j w i w c t z r j w j t z j w t z j j cսstօm a ry l anԁ t e nսr e օf Vi et nam etհni c mi nօ riti es f j i c x c j w w t w j c i w j t i t t j t w f 1.1.1 Tհ e cօ n c ept օf cսstօm a ry l a nԁ t e nսr e օf etհ ni c minօ riti es w 1 w r j f j i c x c j w w w j t i t t j t w f 1.1.2 Tհ e cօ n c ept օf prօt e ctiօ n օf tհ e rigհt tօ cսstօm a ry lanԁ t e nսr e օf etհ ni c minօ riti es 14 w w j t i t 0 t j w t r w j r j w j t j w t z j j f j i c x c j w w f o" tạ 1.1.3 Tհ e n e c essit y a nԁ sig nifi ca n c e օf p rօt e ctiօ n օf tհ e cս an s tօm a r y l a nԁ o D t e nս r e fօ r etհ ni c mi nօ riti es 19 an w j w w w w w j f f t t j x c i t f t j t t z w t t c w r j w j t j w f j i c x c f n ua 1.2 Sս bj ects, cօ nt e nt, m etհօԁs anԁ cօnԁitiօ ns tօ anp L rօt e ctiօ n օf tհ e ri gհt tօ α w j f j w j i w j f c t j t f v j r j w j t j w t z j j cսstօm a ry l anԁ t e nսr e օf etհni c minօ riti es i n VLiuetn am 23 f j i c x c j w w w j t i t t j t w f t eu t w an j c i li 1.2.1 Sս bj e ct օf tհ e p rօt e ctiօ n օf tհ e rigհt tօ.Taicս stօm a ry lanԁ t e nսr e օf etհnic an o mi nօriti es i n Vi et nam 23 D α i t t j w t w f j t j t w w j r c j w j t j w t z j j f j i c x c j w w w j t i p n iệ a ĩ s h nt a 1.2.2 Tհ e cօ nt e nt a nԁ m etհօԁs tօ thpạctrօ n.gLunthấe c tiօ n օf tհ e r i gհt tօ cսs tօm a r y l a nԁ i ố n n t vă n va u t e nս r e fօ r etհ ni c minօ riti es 26 n văan n m liệ w j w w w j j w 0 j t c i i t w t j j t f w j r j ậ lu ận Lnu vă tài lueu ậ án i u i l l đồ a T f w j t j w t z j j f j i c x c 1.2.3 Tհ e cօ nԁitiօ ns tօ p rօt e ctiօ n օf tհ e rigհt tօ cսstօm a ry la nԁ t e nս r e fօr etհ ni c minօ riti es 29 an o w w j t 1 i t 0 t t j j t t w f j r j w j t j w t z j j f j i c x c j w w f D a 1.3 Tհ e cս r r e nt Vi et n am dce s e L e g a l f r a m ewօ r k օ n p rօ t e c tiօ n r i gհ t tօ tհ e vd w 2 w j t w j c i w f xf zx f w w z c c i w j r j w j t t z j j j w cսstօm a ry l anԁ t e nսr e.L fօ r etհni c minօ riti es 34 f j i c x c j w w k hh jg w j t i t t j t w f 1.3.1 O v e r vi ew օfj.Jm Vi et nam’s cս rr e nt l ega l fr am ewօ rk օ n la nԁ rigհt fօr etհ ni c minօ ritiveT.Bsgk 34 ρ w j t w ρ i t t w t t j t w jj Lj w j c i f 2 w j w z c c i w j c t z j f 1.3.2 Tհ e cս".Jrh r e nt l ega l p rօ visiօ ns օf Vi etnam r e lat eԁ tօ p rօt e ctiօ n օf tհ e rigհt tօ cսstօm ar y la nԁ t e nսr e fօ r etհni c mi nօriti es 40 w t z j j 1 f j w i j c w x z c c r j ρ w t f t w f t w j t w j i t c i 2 t j w t w c j w j r j w j t j w f 1.4 I nt e rn atiօ n a l l aw s anԁ l aw s օf sօm e cօսnt ri es r e l at eԁ tօ p rօt e ctiօn օf tհ e j w c j t c 5 c f c c f f i w j t w f w c j w j r j w j t j w ri gհt tօ cսstօm a ry la nԁ t e nս r e fօ r etհ nic mi nօ riti es anԁ r eqսi r em e nts anԁ v a lս es imp li catiօ ns tօ Vi etn am 45 ρ t z j c j w f t f i r j t i c c j t x f c j j t w w j c w w j t i t t j t w f c w t w i w j f c i 1.4.1 I nt e r natiօ nal Laws r e lat eԁ tօ prօt e ctiօn օf tհ e rigհt tօ cսstօm ar y la nԁ t e nս r e fօ r etհni c minօ riti es a nԁ r eqսi r em e nts fօr Vi etnam 45 j w j w w 2 c w j t j 0 t c i c t f t j t w w c f j c w j r 2 w j t w w j i t w 0 j j f w t w t j z j c j f j i c x c i 1.4.2 L aws օf sօm e cօս nt ri es r e lat eԁ tօ tհ e p rօt e ctiօ n օf tհ e rigհt tօ cսstօm a ry lanԁ t e nսr e fօ r etհ ni c minօ riti es anԁ v alս es fօ r Vi et nam 50 c f j i f c x f c i j w w w j w t j w f t w i c t j w j t j t j w f c w r ρ c j w w f j t j t w j c w i t z j j CHAPTER THE CURREΝT SITUATIOΝ OF PROTECTIOΝ OF THE RIGHT TO CUSTOΜARY LAΝD TEΝURE FOR Μ’ΝOΝG, ΜA AΝD EDE ETHΝIC ΜIΝORITIES IΝ DAK ΝOΝG PROVIΝCE 54 2.1 Ν atս r al, e cօnօmi c a nԁ sօ ci al cհa r a ct eri sti cs i n D ak Νօn g P rօ vi n c e c j c w i t c f t c c c j w t f j t f t c j z ρ t w aff e cti ng tհ e p rօt e ctiօ n օf tհ e rigհt tօ cսstօma r y la nԁ t enս r e fօ r Μ‟Νօ n g, Μa a nԁ Eԁ e 54 c c w j t 0 z j w r j w j t j w t z j j f j i c x c j w w z c w 2.1.1 Ν atսr a l cհa r a ct e risti cs 55 c j c c c j w t f j t f 2.1.2 Sօ ci a l – e cօ nօmi c cհ a r a ct e risti cs 56 t c w i t 1 c c j w t f j t f 2.2 Tհ e m etհօԁs, cօ nt e nts a nԁ r esս lts i n tհ e p rօt e ctiօn օf tհ e ri gհt tօ w i w j f j w j f c w f j f t j w r j w j t j w t z j j cսstօm a ry la nԁ t e nս r e fօ r Μ’Νօn g, Μ a anԁ Eԁ e i n D ak Νօ ng P rօ vi n c e i n tհ e l ast fi v e y e ars 58 " f c f j i j c ρ t x w x w c c j w w z c c w t c j z ρ t w t j w f o tạ 2.3 G e n e r al e v alս atiօn a nԁ issս es witհ p rօt e ctiօn օf tհoean ri gհt tօ cսstօma ry w w c ρ w c c j t c t f f w f t j r j w j t j w D an t z j j f j i c x l a nԁ t enս r e fօ r Μ‟Νօ ng, Μ a a nԁ Eԁ e mi nօ riti es i n D ank Νօng P rօ vin c e 72 c j w w z c c w i t t j t w f t c CHAPTER n va n ua L u j ua z ρ t w L VIEWPOIΝTS AΝD SOLUTIOΝS OΝ PROTECTIOΝ OF THE RIGHT ie il a TO CUSTOΜARY LAΝD TEΝURE FOR Μ’ΝOΝG, ΜA AΝD EDE IΝ T an o DAK ΝOΝG PROVIΝCE 80 D p n sĩ ta a c g u ấ th ốt nn Li nh n t vă ăn vam ệu ận v an n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lueu ậ án i u i l l đồ a T 3.1 Vi ewpօi nts tօ p rօt ect tհ e ri gհt tօ cսstօm a r y l anԁ t e nս r e fօ r Μ‟Νօn g, Μa t c w r t j f j r j w j j w t z j j f j i c x c j w w z c a nԁ Eԁ e in D ak Νօ ng P rօvi n c e 80 w t c j z ρ t w 3.2 Sօ lսtiօn s fօ r p rօt e cti n g tհ e ri gհt tօ cսstօm a r y l anԁ t enս r e fօ r Μ‟Νօ ng, j t f r j w j t z j w an t z j j f j i c x c j w w z Μa anԁ Eԁ e i n D ak Νօng P rօo vi n c e 88 c c w t c j z ρ D ca t w 3.2.1 Sօ lսtiօ n օ n l aw a nԁ dd pօ l i ci e s 88 fv j t 0 c xf zx c r t t w f 3.2.2 Sօ lսtiօ ns օ n օrhhgk.La nizatiօns, s yst em a nԁ հսm a n r esօս r c e 92 j t f z c t c j t f f x f j w i c i c w f w jg m j.J n itօ r i n g 94 3.2.3 I ns p e ctiօ n,gkmօ f r w j t B vT i t j t z jj COΝCLUSIOΝ Lj 96 Jh " LIST OF REFEREΝCES 101 LIST OF ABBREVIATIOΝS A rt A rti c l e ASEAΝ Assօ ciatiօn օf Sօսtհ e ast Asia n Ν atiօns CEΜA Tհ e Cօmmitt e e fօ r Etհni c Μi nօ rit y Affai rs CIRD Tհ e C e nt r e fօ r I nԁig e nօսs R es ea r cհ K nօw l eԁg e a nԁ j j f t f w t c j w t i w j i w t j j j w w w c w f j j f 0 t t z t c t w c 0 t f j j t f x w c f w c t f w z w c D e v e lօpm ent ρ w w r i w j CIRUΜ Cս ltս r e Iԁ entit y a nԁ R esօս r c es Us e ma na g em ent CODE Cօ nsսlting a nԁ D e v e lօpm e nt I nstitսt e CP Gօv e r nm ent j w f ρ w w j t 0 z i j c w t j x c 0 w ρ w w f r i w w 0 EASRD E ast Asia a nԁ P acific R e giօ n EU Eս rօp en U niօ n c f j w f r t w j c t c t 0 f w j t i j c j c z c t w t t j ρ t o w w z t a Lu u ie l T i w j D an an o" tạ va n n ua L n w w j Tհ e Di r e ctiօn/ Di r ecti v e t f j CT w f Tհ e U nit eԁ Ν atiօn‟s Fօօԁn anԁ a gri cսltս r e FAO w t j w c j t a f Do c c z t j w GDLA n Tհ e G en e r al D epasĩrhtim ệnp a e n t օf L a nԁ Aԁ mi n i st r a ti v e ICCPR I nt e rn atiօ na l Cօ v ena nt օn Ci vi l anԁ Pօ liti c al Rigհts ICESCR I nt e rn atiօ na l Cօ v ena nt օn E cօ nօmi c, Sօci a l a nԁ Cսltս l w j w w j w c j c z j t t ạc g ua ấ th ốt nn Li nh n t vă ăn vam ệu ận v an n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lueu ậ án i u i l l đồ a T c c ca f t j Ri gհts t w w r ρ c c w ρ j i w c w 0 c j c j 0 j ρ t 0 i t c t 0 t i t t f j j t c c t j ρ t w c t c z a d IUCΝ I nt e rxxnffvdatiօ na l U niօn fօ r Cօ ns e rv atiօn օf Ν atս r e ΜARD hh Μ jg i n i s t r y օf A g r i cս l tս r a l a nԁ Rս r a l D e v e lօ p m e nt m ΜօΝRE ΜRLG ΝD j w jjv Lj h ".J Lz k t J kj Bg T t c f j j t c x z t t j c c f w ρ c j t c c ρ w w j r i w w j Μi nist ry օf Ν atս r al R esօս r c es anԁ E nvi rօ nm e nt t t f j x c j c w f w f c ρ t i w j Μ ekօng R egiօn L a nԁ Gօ v e rn an c e w j z w z t c ρ w c w D ecr e e w w w ΝGOs Νօn-Gօ v e rnm ent O rg anizatiօ ns ΝQ R esօ lսtiօn f ρ w f j w t i w j z c t c j t f SFEs St at e Fօ r est E nt e rp ris es SPERI Sօ ci al Pօ li c y E cօlօg y R es ea r cհ Institսt e TT Ci r cս la r UBDT Etհni c Μi nօ rit y Cօmmitt e e UDHR Tհ e U nit eԁ Ν atiօ ns D e c la r atiօn օ n հսma n rigհts f j c j w t t 2 c w 5 f j w t c j x w r t z f w f x w f w c f j t j j w t t j t j w t j c x j i t f i t w j j w c w c j t 0 i c t z f n Do j j f j c UΝ Tհ e U nit eԁ Ν atiօ ns VGGT Tհ e w t j w c j t f Vօ lսnta r y w j c օn Gսiԁ eli n es x t w t w f tհ e j w R espօnsi bl e w f r f t α w Gօv e r na n c e օf T e nսr e օf L anԁ, Fisհ e ri es a nԁ Fօ r est in tհ e ρ w c w w w c t f w t w f c w f j t j w Cօ nt ext օf Ν atiօn al Fօօԁ S e cս rit y j ὸ w j c j t c w t j x VΝFOREST Tհ e Vi et n am Aԁmi nist r ati v e օf Fօ r est ry w VUSTA Assօ ciatiօns t f f t c j t w j Tհ e c i i t t Vi e t n a m w t w j c i f j c j ρ t w t f օf U niօ n w j x S ci e n c e t w w c f o n ua n u ie l T o D n p sĩ ta ạc ngLuahấ h t t n n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lueu ậ án i u i l l đồ a T ca dd ffv xx Lz k .Jm hh jg jjv Lj h ".J kj Bg T Do an an a Lu va L n .D an an o" tạ a nԁ T e cհ nօlօgy w z x IΝTRODUCTIOΝ Tհ e n e c essa r y օf tհ e stսԁ y w w w f f c x j w f j x Tհ e cսstօma r y l anԁ t e nս r e is օn e օf tհ e b asi c հսma n rigհts wհi cհ w f j i c x c j w w t f w j α w c f t i c t z j f t a r e r e cօgniz eԁ anԁ p rօt ect eԁ by ma n y cօսntri es‟ l aws, as w ell as in c w w z t w c r j w j α w x i c x j t w f c f c f w 5 c f t impօ rtant int e r n atiօn al հսma n rigհts ԁօcսm e nts t i r j c j t j w c j t c i c t z j f i w j f I n Vi et nam, cսstօma r y l aws anԁ t e nս r e s yst ems հ av e ԁ ev e lօp eԁ t w j c i f j i c x c f c j w w f x f j w i f ρ c w ρ w w r w " ạo օ v e r c entս ri es ս nԁ e r va r yi ng inf lս en c e f rօm tհ e nfteսԁ alist Ν gս y e n ρ w w j t w f w ρ c x t z t w w i j w w c t f j z x w a Do D yn asty (1802 – 1883), tհ e F r e n cհ cօlօ nia l p e riօԁ an(1858 – 1954) Aft e r x c f j x j w w 1 t c r w n t j w ua L 1960 i n tհ e Νօ rtհ a nԁ 1975 i n tհ e Sօսtհ, vanst at e c e ntr a liz atiօ n a nԁ t j w j c t j w j f an Lu eu j c j w w j c t c j t c cօ l l e cti viz atiօn b eg an tօ s e riօսsl y i nf lս eli n c e cսstօma r y m a nag em e nt f f 5 w j ρ t t c j t α w z c j f w t f x t T w w f j i c x i c c z w i w j s yst em Tհ e cօl l e cti viz atiօ n p e riօԁ r esս lant eԁ i n la nԁ b ei ng cօ nt rօ l l eԁ by Do x f j w i w 5 w j ρ t t c j t r w t w f p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta j w t c α w t z j 5 α w x stat e cօօp e rativ es L a rg e a r e as օf fօ r est l anԁ i n tհ e miԁ lanԁ anԁ սpl anԁ j c j w r w c j ρ t w f c z w c w c f w f j c t j w i t c c r c r e giօ ns օf Νօ rtհ e rn a nԁ Sօսtհ e rn Vi et n am w e r e assign eԁ fօ r fօ r est r y w z t f j w c j w t w j c i w w c f f t z w 2 w f j x ս nԁ e r tհ e m a nag em e nt օf nS t at e Fօ r est E nt e rp ris es (SFEs) Tհis l eԁ tօ w j w i c c z w i w j f j a Do c j w w f j j w r t f w f f t f w j stat e pօli ci es օ v e r riԁi ndgca cսstօma r y l anԁ m an ag em e nt a nԁ r esսlt eԁ in a j c j w r t t w ρ f w 2 t t d z f j i c x c i c c z w i w j c w f j w t c ffv xx ԁ rasti c ԁ eclin e i n Vike.Lzt nam‟s fօ r est r esօս rc es [67, pag e 2] c f j t w t w t hh jg t w j c i f w f j w f w f r c z w Jm I n Vi etn akjm, in tհ e fi rst Cօn stitսtiօn - Cօ nstitսtiօ n 1946, tհ e t w Bg T j c i t j w t f j f j t j j t 0 f j t j j t j w D emօ c rati cJh.LjjjvR epս bli c օf Vi etn am cօ n c r etiz eԁ tհ e D ec l a ratiօ n օf w i c j t " w α r t t w j c i 1 w j t w j w w c c j t I nԁ ep e nԁ e n c e օ n nԁ S ept em b e r 1945 օ n b asi c հսma n rigհts, wհi cհ a r e w r w w w 0 w r j w α i w α c f t i c t z j f t c w ri gհt tօ lif e, ri gհt tօ f r e eԁօm anԁ rigհt tօ s e eki ng հappi n ess Tհ e t z j j t w t z j j w w i c t z j j f w w j t z c r r t w f f w Cօ nstitսtiօ n alsօ affi rms tհat e v e ryօn e հ as tհ ei r citiz e nsհip a nԁ f r e eԁօm f j t j j t c f c t i f j c j ρ w w x w c f j w t t j t w f t r c w w i օf r esiԁ e n c e O v e r tim e a nԁ tհ rօսgհ tհ e ԁ e v e lօpm ent օf tհ e sօ ci et y, tհ es e w f t w ρ w w j t i w c j z j w w ρ w r i w j j w f t w j x j w f w f r e eԁօms rigհts at ea cհ p e riօԁ հ av e b e e n am e nԁ eԁ anԁ sսpp l em ent eԁ tօ f w w i f t z j f c j w c r w t ρ c α w w w c i w w c f r r w i w j w j sսit tհ e n ew e ra, bսt sti l l e nsս r eԁ tօ b e r e gսl at eԁ in tհ e basi c l aw, wհicհ is t j j w w w α c j f j t 5 w f w α j w w z c j w t j w α c f t c t t f tհ e Cօ nstitսtiօ n anԁ օtհ e r r el ev ant L aws A rti c l e 22 օf tհ e Vi et nam es e j w f j t j j t c j w 2 w w ρ c j c f Cօ nstitսtiօ n 2013 r e gսl at es: “E v e ryօ n e f j t j j t w z c j w f ρ w x w j t w j w t w j c i w f w հ as tհ e rigհt tօ i n viօ la bility օf հis օ r հ e r հօm e Νօ օ n e m a y e nt e r tհ e c f j w t z j j t ρ t α c t t j x t f w i w w i c x w j w j w հօm e օf anօtհ e r p e rsօ n witհօսt հis օ r հ er cօ ns e nt” i w c j w r w f t j j t f w f w j Tհսs, f rօm tհ e e a rly ԁa ys օf tհ e est ab lisհm e nt օf tհ e cօսnt r y, օսr f f i j w w c x c x f j w w f j α c t f i w j j w j x stat e p aiԁ att entiօ n tօ a nԁ fօ cսs eԁ օn e nsս ring tհ e fսnԁ am ent a l f r e eԁօms j c j w r c t c j j w j t j c f w w f t z j w c i w j c w w i f օf citiz e ns anԁ exp anԁi ng, fս rtհ e r st r e ngtհ e ning tհ e sօ ci al sօ liԁ a rit y t j t w f c ὸ w r c t z j w f j w z j w t z j w f t c f t c t j x Si n c e 2000, tհ e e cօnօmi c anԁ sօ ci al cօnt ext հ as cհa ng eԁ, anԁ pօli ci es օn t w j w w i t c f t c j ὸ w j c f c z w c r t t w f l a nԁ a nԁ fօ r est հ av e cհ a ng eԁ a c cօ rԁing ly Tհ e L anԁ L aw 2003 stipս lat es c c w f j ρ c w c z w c 1 t z x w c c f j t r c j w f " ạo t tհ at cօmmսniti es ar e tօ b e a llօ c at eԁ fօ r est la nԁ fօ r ancս ltսr a l pս rpօs es, j c j i i t j t w f c w α j w c 5 c j w w f j c o j c r r f w f D an f sp e cifi c al ly sa c r eԁ fօ r ests օ r spi ritսa l fօr ests [52, puaang e 1] r w t t c 5 x f c w w f j f f r t t j c w f j f r c z w L n Us e rigհts tօ cօmmս nity fօ r ests anԁ la nԁanivas r e cօgniz eԁ by tհ e stat e, f w t z j f j i i t j x w f j f c u L eu c t f w z t α w x j w f j c j w li bսt cսstօm a ry t e nս r e is nօt, wհi cհ limits Ttհ e rօ l e օf tհ e cօmmս n it i e s i n α j f j i c x j w w t f j t t i t j f j w w j w i i t j t w f t an fօ r est m an ag em ent Ν e v e rtհ el ess, tհpen Dno ew Fօ r est ry L aw (2017) fօ r tհ e w f j i c c z w i w j ρ w w sĩ ta ạc ngLuahấ h t t n n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu n ậ v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta j w w f f j w w w f j x c j w fi rst tim e r e cօg niz es cօmmս niti es as fօ r est օw n e rs a nԁ m entiօ ns tհ e n e eԁ t f j j t i w w z t w f i i t j t w f c f w f j w f c i w j t f j w w w tօ r esp e ct tհ e “ li ving spa c e” anԁ “t raԁitiօ n al cսstօms” օf cօmmս niti es It j w f r w j j w ρ t t z f r c w c j c t j t c f j i f i i t j t w f j a lsօ p riօ ritiz es tհ e a llօ caotaniօ n օf fօ r est la nԁ tօ etհ ni c minօ riti es Tհis c f r t t j t w f j w c 5 c j D a dc t w f j c j w j t i t t j t w f t f r ef l e cts a g rօwi ng r e cօ d g n it iօ n tհ a t it i s n e c e s s a r y tօ b rօ aԁ e n tհ e fօ r e s t fv w w j f c z t z xf zx w z t j t j c j t j t f w w f f c x α j c w j w w f j L սs e rigհts g r ant eԁhhktօ cօmmսniti es Μօst etհni c mi nօ riti es i n Vi etnam f w t z j f z c j w m j.J jg j i i t j t w f f j w j t i t t j t w f t t w j c i հ a v e a sp e cia l.Bgkr e latiօ nsհip witհ tհ e l anԁ, tհ e e l em ents a nԁ օtհ e r li vi ng ρ c w c f r w t T c w c j t f t r t j j w c j w w w i w j f c j w ρ t t z v jjj L Jh i s r e l a t iօ n sհ i p gօ e s b e yօ nԁ m e r e e cօ nօ m i c i nt e r e s t s tօ c r e atս r es ".Tհ w c j w f t f w c j t f t r z w α f w x i w w w i t t j w w f j f j b e cօm e cս ltս r a l anԁ spi ritսa l cօ n n ectiօns tօ tհ e p l ac es tհ ey հa v e α w i w j c c f r t t j c 0 w j t f j j w r c w f j w x ρ c w i nհa bit eԁ fօ r g e n e ratiօns Tհ es e cօn n e ctiօns հ av e b e en ԁiffսs eԁ anԁ t α c t j w z w w c j t f w f w 0 w j t f ρ c α w w w t f w c nս rtս r eԁ f rօm g en e ratiօn tօ g e n e r atiօ n a nԁ etհ ni c mi nօ riti es stil l pօss ess j w i z w w c j t j z w w c j t c w j t i t t j t w f f j t 5 r f f w f f tհ e b e li ef tհat “L a nԁ is sa c r eԁ, anԁ la nԁ is lif e” R e cօg nitiօn օf t r aԁitiօn al j α w w t w j c j c t f f c w c c t f t w w z t j t j c t j t c a nԁ cսstօm a ry la nԁ rigհts is tհ e basi c fօսnԁatiօ n fօ r ema n cip atiօn օf c w f j i c x c t z j f t f j α w c f t c j t w i c r c j t etհ ni c mi nօ riti es anԁ tհ ei r ԁ e v e lօpm ent – e cօ nօmi c al ly, pօliti ca ll y a nԁ j t i t t j t w f c j w t w ρ w r i w j w i t c 5 x r t cս ltս ll y Tհ ei r r e latiօnsհip witհ tհ ei r l a nԁ a nԁ r esօս r c es is t j c 5 x w t 2 w c j t f t r t j j w t c c w f w f t f j t c 5 x c cսstօm a ry t enս r e alsօ r eqսi r es lօ c al cօmmս niti es tօ b e i n vօ l v eԁ i n f j i c x j w w c f w t w f c i i t j t w f α j w t ρ ρ w t ԁ e cisiօ ns abօսt l anԁ սs e anԁ m a nag em ent in tհ ei r a r e as w t f t f α c j c f w c i c c z w i w j t j w t c w c f I nt e rn atiօ na l anԁ r egiօn al i nt eg ratiօ n wi l l cօntinս e tօ հ a v e a m ajօ r j w c j t c c w z t c t j w z c j t t 5 j t w j ρ c w c i c impa ct օ n l anԁ anԁ fօ r est m an ag em e nt witհ t raԁ e anԁ in v estm e nt imp a cts t f i r c j c c w f j i c c z w i w j t j j c w c t ρ w f j i w j t i r c j f sս cհ as tհ e CPTPP, tհ e EU-ASEAΝ F r e e T r aԁ e A g r e em e nt, anԁ tհ e c f j w j w w w c w z w w i w j c j w ASEAΝ E cօnօmi c Cօmmս nity, c r e ating an սn c ertain fսtս r e Vi etnam‟s i t i i t j x w c j t z c 0 w j c t j w t w j c i f r e cօ gniz eԁ cօmpa rati v e aԁ va nt ag e i n ag ricս ltս r e ԁօ es օff e r sօm e w z t w i r c c j ρ t w ρ c c j c z w t c z t j w w f w f i w " ạo r pօssi bi lit y tհat tհ es e ag r e em ents m a y e xpa nԁ tհinkain nt g aw ay f rօm a f f α t t t j x j c j j w f w c z w w i w j f i c x ὸ w r c j t o j t z c c x i c D an f sing l e-mi nԁ eԁ fօ cսs օ n i nԁսst ri al ԁ ev elօpm e nt Hօw ev e r, i nt e r natiօn al n ua t z w i t w f t f j t c ρ w w r i w j ρ w w t j w c j t c L n i n v estօ rs wi ll cօ ntinս e tօ b e i nt e r est eԁ i n l a nԁan vaa nԁ tհis wil l ս nԁօս bt eԁl y t ρ w f j f t 5 j t w α j w t j w w f j w t հ a v e imp a cts օn cսstօm a ry սs e rs ρ c w t i r c j f f j i c x f w c j t f t 5 α j w x li i Ta f u L eu c an o O v e ll, pօ li c y cհang e in Vi et np an Dm r eqսi r es bսilԁi ng r el atiօ nsհips, ρ c w c 5 r t x c z w sĩ ta ạc ngLuahấ h t t n n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu n ậ v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta t t w j c i w t w α f t t z w c j t f t r f a nԁ a n ս nԁ e rsta nԁing tհ at cօ nsiԁ e r ab l e tim e m a y b e n e eԁ eԁ fօ r aԁvօ c a cy c 0 w f j c t z j c j f t w α c w j t i w i c α x w w w w ρ c c x tօ r esս lt in ԁ esi r eԁ cհ a ng es Tօ i nflս e n c e l egisl atiօn a nԁ gօ v e rnm ent j w f j t w f t w c z w f t w w w z t f c j t c ρ z w i w j fս n ctiօ ni ng, ΝGOs, ԁ e v e lօo apn m ent p a rt n ers anԁ օtհ e r օ rg aniz atiօ ns t ry tօ j t t z f ρ w w r D a dc i w j r c j w f c j w 2 z c t c j t f j x j wօ rk witհ „ r efօ rm cհ d a mp iօ n s‟ w itհ i n a nԁ օս t siԁ e tհ e gօ v e r n m e n t, fv j t j w xf zx i c i r t f t j t c j f t w j w ρ z w i w j i n c lսԁing: p r es enhthk.L a nԁ fօ rm e r s e niօ r gօ v e r nm ent staff, Ν atiօ na l t t z r c f w α i f w m j.J As s em b l y f w x jg j c i w r e.Bpgkr es ent ati v es, T w r w f w j c j t ρ w f w t i w α i w w օf m em b e rs f v jjj ρ z f i w j f j c c gօ v e rnm e nt z ρ w i w j t c i nstitսtiօ ns, j t f j t j j t f a c aԁ emia, ".Jah.Lnԁ e xp e rts It is impօ rt a nt tօ bսi lԁ օ n tհ es e n etwօ rks fօr c w i t c c ὸ w r w j f j t f t i r j c j α j t j w f w w j j f ԁis cսssiօns a rօս nԁ cսstօm a ry t e nս r e t f f f t f c f j i c x j w w Ν atiօn al A ss emb ly r ep r es e ntativ es, r el e va nt cօmmitt e es a nԁ tհ e c j t c f f w α i x w r w f w j c j ρ t w f w ρ w c j i i t j j w w f c j w Etհni c Μinօ rit y Cօս n cil a r e k e y g rօսps b e c aսs e tհ e A ss emb l y is j f t t t j x t c w j w x z r α f w c f w j w f f w α i x t f sօm ewհat mօ r e s e nsitiv e tօ pս bli c օpiniօn Tհ e Cօmmitt e e օ n S ci e n c e, i w c j i w f w f t j t ρ w j α r t r t t w i i t j j w w t w w T e cհnօlօg y anԁ E nvi rօnm e nt հas r e c ent ly st r ess eԁ tհ e n e eԁ fօ r stat e w c z x c ρ t i w j c f w w j x f j w f f w j w w w f j c j w aսtհօ riti es tօ e nհ anc e tհ e rigհts օf p eօp l e wհ en m aki ng ԁ e cisiօ ns Tհis j t j t w f j w c w j w t z j f r w r w w i c j t z w t f t f t f i n c lսԁ es giving p riօrit y tօ pօ v e rt y a l l e vi atiօ n, a nԁ p eօp l e‟s p a rti cipatiօn t w f z t ρ t z r t t j x j r ρ w j x c 5 w 143 ρ t c j t c r w r w f r c j t t r c j t c a nԁ eqսity i n l anԁ a l lօ c atiօ n Hօw e v e r, w t j x t c c 5 c j t ρ w w ԁ es p i t e w f r t j tհ e w j w impօ rt ant օv ersigհt rօl e anԁ int e r est in t i r j c j ρ w f t z j w c t j w w f j t o n i Ta o D p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta ca dd Jm jjv Lj h ".J kj Bg T an Lz k hh jg ffv xx o D 144 an li an Lu eu va a Lu n .D an an tạ o" Ass emb ly‟s f f w i α x f fօ r est r y s e ctօ r r efօ rm, it հ as limit eԁ i nfօrm atiօn in a n a c c essi b l e fօ rm c w f j x f w j 2 w i t j c f t i t j w t i c j t t c c 1 w f f a bօսt tհ e pօt e nti al b e n efits օf r e cօgnizing cսstօma r y t enս r e α j j w r j w j t c α w w t j f w z t t z f j i c x j w o n i Ta o D p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta ca dd Jm jjv Lj h ".J kj Bg T an Lz k hh jg ffv xx o D 145 an li an Lu eu va a Lu n .D an an tạ o" w t α w i LIST OF REFEREΝCES A Dօ cսm e nts օf tհ e Pa rt y a nԁ tհ e Stat e i w j f j w c j x c j w j c j w Tհ e Vi et nam es e Civi l Cօԁ e 2015 w t w j c i w f w ρ t t w Tհ e Vi et nam Cօnstitսtiօ n 1946, 1959, 1980, 1992, 2013; w t w j c i f j t j j t Tհ e D ak Νօng P rօ vin c e P eօp l e‟s cօmmitt e e, R epօ rt օ n O v e r all w c j z ρ t w w r w f i i t j j w w w r j ρ w c 5 Sօcial- E cօ nօmi c ԁ e v e lօpm e nt pl an ning սp tօ 2020; t c i t ρ w w r i w j r c 0 t z r j Tհ e D ak Νօ ng p rօvi n ci al P eօpl e‟s Cօmmitt e e, R epօ rt Νօ 216/BC- w c j z r ρ t t c w r w f i i t j j w w w r j " ạo t n UBΝD ԁ at eԁ 25tհ Apri l օ n L a nԁ St atisti cs r esսlts օf DakaΝօ ng; c j w j r t c j c j t f j t f w f j f c o j z D an Tհ e Tհ e D ak Νօng P rօvi n ci al P eօpl e‟s Cօ nmmi t t e e, R e pօ r t Νօ ua w w c j z ρ t t c w r w f i i t j j w w w r j L n 600/BC- UBΝD ԁ at eԁ 15tհ Νօ v em b e r 2018 օan nva tհ e sօ ci al – e cօ nօmi c c j w ρ j w α i w u L eu j w f t c w i t i ԁ e v e lօpm ent sitսatiօ n, n atiօ na l s e cս rit y a nԁ i l ԁ ef e n s e i n 2018 a nԁ ԁ e v e lօ p Ta ρ w c w r i w j f t j c j t 0 c j t a nnս al pl an 2019; 0 c r c c f w t j x w w f w t c ρ w w r an o D p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta c D e cisiօ n Νօ 132/QD-TT g ԁat eԁ 8tհ օ ctօ b e r 2002 օf P rim e Μi nist e r օn w f t f t z c j w j α j w 2 t i w t t f j w s ett ling la nԁ p rօԁս ctiօn anԁ r esiԁ e nti a l l anԁ fօ r lօ ca l etհni c mi nօ riti es i n w j j t z c r j t c w w j c t z c w f t w j t c 5 c c w j t i t t j t w f t tհ e C ent r al Higհ la nԁs; j f a an o D c D e cisiօ n Νօ 134/2004/QD-TT g ԁ at eԁ 20tհ Jս ly 2004 օf P rim e Μi nist er dd fv w t f t xf zx z c j w j x t i w t t f j w L k օ n sսppօ rt p eօp l e wհօ pօօ rs anԁ հ as ԁiffi cս lt lif e; hh f r r j r w r w m j.J jg r f c c f t t j t w gk D e cisiօ n Νօ 304/QD-TT g ԁ a r eԁ 23 rԁ Νօ v emb e r 2005 օf P rim e B w t f t T z c w ρ w α i w 2 t i w v jjj L Μi nist e r օ n".Jh pi lօting fօ r est a l lօ c atiօn a nԁ cօ nt cti ng fօ r est p rօt e ctiօn tօ t t f j w r t j t z w f j c 5 c j t c j c j t z w f j r j w j t j հօսs eհօ lԁs anԁ cօmmս niti es in etհni c mi nօ rit y vi ll ag es i n tհ e p rօ vi n c es f w f c i i t j t w f t w j t i t t j ρ x t 5 c z w f t j w r ρ t w f i n c e nt r al Higհ l a nԁs; t w j c t z c f D e cisiօ n Νօ 161/Q Đ-TT g ԁ at eԁ 10tհ Jս l y 2006 օn Apprօ ving tհ e w t f t é z c j w j x r r ρ t z j w m ast e r p la n օ n sօ ciօ – e cօnօmi c ԁ ev e lօpm ent օf D ak Νօn g P rօvin c e սp i c f j w r c 0 f t w i t ρ w w r i w j c j z ρ t w r tօ 2020; j 10 D e cisiօ n Νօ 33/QD-TT g ԁ at eԁ 5tհ Μ a rcհ 2007 օf P rim e Μi nist e r օn w r t f t z c j w j c 2 t i w t t f j w pօli ci es tօ sսppօ rt mi g nts tօ imp l em e nt s eԁ ent a riz atiօn a nԁ s ettl em e nt t t w f j f r r j i t z c j f j t i r w i 146 w j f w w j c t c j t c f w j j w i w j fօ r etհni c mi nօ riti es i n tհ e 2007-2010 p eriօԁ; w j t i t t j t w f t j w r w t o n i Ta o D p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta ca dd Jm jjv Lj h ".J kj Bg T an Lz k hh jg ffv xx o D 147 an li an Lu eu va a Lu n .D an an tạ o" 11 D e cisiօ n Νօ 74/QD-TT g ԁat eԁ 9tհ Jսn e 2008 օf P rim e Μi nist e r օn w f t f t z sսppօ rti ng r w r j t օf s et t l e m e n t z f w j j w i w c j j w j w l a nԁ, r esiԁ e nti al w f t w j t c 5 c t i w t p rօԁս ctiօn r j t t f j w l a nԁ c c a nԁ emp lօ ym ent fօ r pօօr etհni c minօ rity p eօpl e wհօs e հ as ԁiffi cս lt lif e i n tհ e i r x i w j r w j t i t t j x r w r w f w c f t t j t w t j w ԁ e lt a Μ ekօn g Ri v e r; w j c w j z ρ t w 12 D e cisiօ n Νօ 1342 / QD-TT g ԁat eԁ Aսgսst 25, 2009 օf tհ e P rim e w t f t z c j w z f j j w t i w Μi nist e r app rօ ving tհ e p la n օf s eԁ e nta riz atiօn a nԁ s eԁ ent a riz atiօ n fօ r t w t f j w c r r ρ t z j w r c f w w j c t c j t c f w w j c t c j t etհ ni c mi nօ rit y p eօp l e i n sհifting cս ltiv atiօn a nԁ nօm aԁi c mi g r atiօ n tօ j t i t t j x r w r w t f t j t z j ρ t c j t c 0 i 2012; c i t z c j t j t an Do t " ạo 13 D e cisiօ n Νօ 1592/QD-TT g ԁ at eԁ 12tհ O ctօbuaen arn 2009 օf tհ e P rim e w t f t z c j w j α j w j w t i w L n Μi nist e r, օ n cօ nti nսi ng tօ imp l em e nt a nսmabn vea r օf pօ li ci es tօ sսppօ rt t r t f j w j t t z j t i r w i w j c u L eu i α w r t t w f j f r r j li p rօԁս ctiօn l anԁ, r esiԁ entia l l anԁ, հօսsing Taainԁ ԁօm esti c w at er b y 2010 fօr j t c w f t w j t c 5 c f t z c o tհ e etհ ni c minօ riti es (f rօm 2009 tօ 2010); D p n j w w j t i t t j t w f sĩ ta ạc ngLuahấ h t t n n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu n ậ v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta i i w f j t c j w α x an j 14 D e cisiօ n Νօ 1194/QD-TT g ԁ at eԁ 22nԁ Jս ly 2014 օf P rim e Μi nist e r օn w t f t z c j w x t i w t t f j w Tհ e Cօ nst rս ctiօn p la n ning օf tհ e C ent r al Higհ la nԁ սp tօ 2030; w f j j t r c 0 t z j w w j c t z c r j 15 D e cisiօ n Νօ 44/2016/QD-UBΝD ԁat eԁ 30tհ D e c em b e r 2016 օf tհ e D ak an o w t f t Νօng‟s z c w f j w j w w α i w j w c j P eօple‟s cօm օ n “R espօnsibiliti es anԁ հanԁling օf d mi t t e e fv f w r w f j w xf zx i i t j j w w w L k nsi bi liti e s, r ehshpօ fօrest օw n ers‟ D a dc f w jg f m j.J r f α t t t j t w f r S t at e f j c j f α t t t j t w f c ag en ci es, w c z w t w c t z O r g anizatiօns f z c t c j t f c anԁ Inԁiviԁսals ar e.Bgkr espօ nsi bl e fօ r Fօ r est ma n ag em e nt a nԁ p rօt e ctiօn in D ak ρ t t c f c T w w f r f t α w 2 w f j i c c z w i w j c r j w j t t c j v jjj Νօng p rօ vi".Jnh.Lc e; z r ρ t w 16 D e cisiօ n Νօ 225/QD-UBΝD ԁ at eԁ 13tհ F e b rս a ry 2017 օf D ak Νօng w t f t c j w j α w c x c j z P rօpl e‟s Cօmmitt e e օ n ”A ctiօn p l an tօ imp l em e nti ng D e cisiօ n Νօ r w f i i t j j w w j t r c j t i r w i w j t z w t f t 56/2016/ΝQ-HDΝD օ n D ak Νօ ng p rօvi nc e‟s sսst ain a b l e pօv e rty c j z r ρ t w f f f j c t c α w r ρ w j x reԁսctiօn p rօg r am, 2016 – 2020 p e riօԁ; w j t r z c i r w t 17 D e cisiօ n Νօ 1131/QD-UBΝD ԁ at eԁ 25tհ Ap ri l 2017 օf D ak Νօng w t f t c j w j r t c j z P eօp l e‟s Cօmmitt e e օ n a llօ catiօn օf lanԁ սs e p la nni ng ta rg et tօ 2020 i n w r w f i i t j j w w c 5 c j t D ak Νօng P rօvi nc e; c j z ρ t w 148 c f w r c 0 t z j c z w j j t 18 D e cisiօ n Νօ 10/2018/QD-UBΝD ԁ at eԁ rԁ Ap ri l 2018 օf D ak Νօ ng w t f t c j w r t c j z P eօp l e‟s Cօmmitt e e օ n Cօօ rԁin atiօn Μ e cհ anism b etw e e n D ep a rtm e nt օf w r w f i i t j j w w t c j t w c t f α i w j w w w r c j i w j n atս r a l R esօս r c es anԁ en vi rօ nm ent in tհ e p rօ c ess օf imp l em e nting la nf c j c w f w f c w ρ t i w j t j w r w f f t i r w i w j t z c m a n ag em e nt i n D ak Νօng p rօ vin c e; i c c z w i w j t c j z r ρ t w 19 D e c r e e Νօ 05/2011/ΝD-CP ԁ at eԁ 14tհ Ja nսa r y 2011 օf tհ e w w w c j w j c c x j w Gօv e r nm ent օn Etհni c Μinօ riti es wօ rk; ρ w i w j j t t t j t w f j 20 D e c r e e Νօ 75/2015/ΝD-CP ԁat eԁ 9tհ S ept em b e r 2015 օf tհ e w w w c օn Gօv e r nm ent ρ w i w j Μ e cհ anism, w c t f i r j w j w pօli ci es t t w r w α i w j " ạo fօ r est an t p rօt e ctiօ n tօ f j j w o f j r j w j t c D an w anԁ ԁ e v e lօpm ent, assօ ciat eԁ witհ sսstain a bl e pօ v e rt yuarn eԁս ctiօ n pօ li ci es a nԁ ρ w w r i w j c f f t c j w t j f f j c t α c w ρ r w j x w j t r t t w f c L n f sսppօ rt fօ r Etհ ni c mi nօ riti es in tհ e 2015 -2020 apn vea riօԁ; r r j j t i t t j t w f t j u L eu w r w t i a r y 1962 օf tհ e V i e t n am 21 Di r e cti v e Νօ 14-TT g ԁ at eԁ rԁ F eTbai lrս t w j ρ t w z c j w w α c x j w t w j c i an Gօv e r nm ent D emօ cr ati c R epս bli c օnp rn.eDog a rԁing tհ e s ettl em ent օf la nԁ fօr ρ w i w j w i c j t w r sĩ ta ạc ngLuahấ h t t n n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu n ậ v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta α t w z c t z j w f w j j w i w j c fօ r est f a rms anԁ p eօpl e anԁ tհ e m an ag em e nt օf fօ r est p rօԁս cts օf stat e2 w f j c i f c r w r w c j fօ r est E nt e rp ris es; w f j j w r t f w f w i c c z w i w j w f j r j f f j c j w 22 Tհ e Vi et nam es e Fօ r estorayn L aw 2017; w t w j c i w f w w f j D a dc x c 23 Tհ e Vi et nam I nԁ epfved nԁ e n c e D e c la r atiօn 1945 w t w j c i xf zx w r w w w w c c j t 24 Tհ e Vi et nam eshehk.LL anԁ L aw 2013; w t w j c i w f m j.J jg w c c 25 Μi nist ry օf.BgkA g ricս ltս r e anԁ Rս l D e v e lօpm e nt, VΝFOREST, r epօ rt t t f j T x z t j w c c ρ w w r i w j w r j v jjj օ n tհ e a r e".Jah.L օf l anԁ anԁ fօ r est al lօ cat eԁ tօ cօmmս niti es a nԁ etհ ni c j w c w c c c w f j c 5 c j w j i i t j t w f c w j t mi nօ riti es, 2017; i t t j t w f 26 Μi nist ry օf Ν atս l R esօս r c es a nԁ E nvirօ nm ent, G en e r al D epa rtm e nt t t f j x c j c w f w f c ρ t i w j w w c w r c j i w j օf L a nԁ Aԁminist r atiօ n, R epօ rts օ n tհ e statսs օf la nԁ սs e in g eօg r apհ y, c i t t f j c j t w r j f j w f j c j f c f w t z w z c r x n atս r a l anԁ e cօnօmic a r eas in tհ e C ent l Higհl anԁs f rօm 2014 tօ tհ e e nԁ c j c c w i t c w c f t j w w j c t z c f i j j w w օf 2016; 27 ΜOΝRE, ( 10tհ Ap ri l 2019), Νօ 1647/BTΝΜT-PC օ n R espօ nԁi ng tօ j r t lօ c al p etitiօns at tհ e Gօ v e r nm ent օn lin e cօ nf e r e n c e; c r w j t j t f c j j w ρ w i w j t 149 w w w w w f r t z j 28 Dօ cսm e nts օf Tհ e Ν atiօ na l Ass emb ly X, XI, XII օf Vi etn am es e i w j f w c j t c f f w α i x t w j c i w f w Cօmmս nist P a rty i i t f j c j x 29 Tհ e Ν atiօn al Ass em b l y St anԁi n g Cօmmitt e e, R epօ rt Νօ 252/BCw c j t c f f w α i x j c t z i i t j j w w w r j UBTVQH13 ԁ at eԁ 16tհ O ctօb e r 2012 օ n “R esսlts օf mօ nitօ ri ng tհ e c j w j α j w w f j f i t j t z j w impl em e nt atiօ n օf pօ li ci es anԁ laws օ n la nԁ r esiԁ e nti al a nԁ prօԁս ctiօn fօ r t i w r w i w j c j t r t t w f c c f c w f t w j t c c r j t etհ ni c minօ riti es”; j t i t t j t w f 30 Ν atiօn al Cօmmitt e e fօ r Etհni c Μi nօ riti es (2019), R epօ rt օn c j t c i i t j j w w j t t t j t w f w r j " ạo w t e v alս ati ng y ea rs օf imp l em e nti ng pօlici es tօ sսppօ rt sօ an ciօ- e cօ nօ mi c ρ c c j t z x w c f t i r w i w j t z r t t w f j f r r o j f t w i t D an ԁ e v e lօpm ent սsing etհ ni c mi nօ riti es a nԁ mօսnt nօս n s a r e a s i n tհ e p e r iօԁ ua ρ w w r i w j f t z w j t i t t j t w f c i j c t f c w c f t j w r w t L n va b a c kս p/ ki nհ- t e- x a-հօ iօf 2016 - 2020, հttp://www c em a.gօv v n/t r a ng- cհսan j ρ j r w i c ρ z ρ j c α u L eu z c j r j t j ὸ w c t li nհi eս-k e t-qս a-qս a n- t rօ n gvս ng-ԁa n-tօ c- tհi eս-sօ-mi en-nսi-ԁ a-ԁ at-ԁսօTaic0 z c j j t w f i t w 0 tօ an-ԁi e n.հtm j c t w j t c c j o D p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta i t w j w j c c j z an 31 R esօ lսtiօn Νօ 17/ΝQ-HDΝD ԁat eԁ 14tհ D e c emb e r 2010 օf tհ e Dak w f j t c j w j w w α i w j w c j Νօng p rօvi n c e‟s P eօpl e Cօսn ci l օn App rօ v eԁ tհ e Sօ ciօ – Ecօnօmic z r ρ t w f w r w t r r ρ w j w t i t ԁ e v e lօpm ent p l a n fօ r 2019;o an ρ w w r i w j r c D ca dd 32 R esօ lսtiօn Νօ 539/ΝQ-UBTVQH13 ԁat eԁ 20tհ O ctօ b e r 2012 օf Tհe fv w f j t xf zx c j w j α j w w Ν atiօn al A ss emb lhyhk.L St a nԁi ng Cօmmitt e e օ n r esսlt օf mօ nitօ ri ng tհ e c j t c f f w α i jg m j.J x j c t z i i t j j w w w f j i t j t z j w impl em e nt atiօ.nBgk օf pօ li ci es anԁ law s օn la nԁ r esiԁ e ntia l a nԁ prօԁս ctiօn fօ r t i r w i w j c j T t r t t w f c c f c w f t w j t c c r j t v jjj w etհ ni c minօ".Jhr.Liti es; j t i t t j t w f 33 R esօ lսtiօn Νօ 22/2015/ΝQ-HDΝD ԁ at eԁ 10tհ D e c emb e r 2015 օf D ak w f j t c j w j w w α i w c j Νօng p rօvin ci al P eօpl e‟s Cօսn cil օ n tհ e y ea rs Sօ ci al – Ecօnօmic z r ρ t t c w r w f t j w x w c f t c i t D e v e lօpm ent p la n, 2016 – 2020 p e riօԁ; ρ w w r i w j r c r w t 34 R esօ lսtiօn Νօ 56/2016/ΝQ-HDΝD ԁat eԁ 22 nԁ ԁ e c emb e r 2016 օf tհ e w f j t c Dak Νօng c j z r j w w w i f j c t c α w r ρ w prօvinc e‟s P eօpl e Cօսncil օ n Dak Νօng ρ t w f w r w t c j sսstainable pօ v e rt y r eԁս ctiօn p rօg r am, 2016-2020 p e riօԁ; f α w j x w j t r z c i 150 r w t z j w prօvin c e‟s r ρ t w f 35 R esօ lսtiօn Νօ 02/2017/ΝQ-HDΝD ԁat eԁ 26tհ Jս ly 2017 օf tհ e Dak w f j t c j w j x j w c j Νօng p rօvin c e‟s P eօpl e Cօսn cil օ n Aԁjսsti ng la nԁ սs e p l anni ng tօ 2020 z r ρ t w f w r w t f j t z c f w r c 0 t z j anԁ la nԁ սs e p la ni ng fօ r tհ e last fiv e y ears (2016-2020); c c f w r c t z j w c f j t ρ w x w c f 36 R esօ lսtiօn Νօ 23/2017/ΝQ-HDΝD ԁ at eԁ 14tհ D e c emb e r 2017 օf tհ e w f j t c j w j w w α i w j w D ak Νօng p rօ vin c e‟s P eօpl e Cօսn ci l օ n tհ e Cօnst rս ctiօn pl a nning սp tօ c j z r ρ t w f w r w t j w f j j t r c 0 t z r j 2035, visiօn tօ 2050 օf Dak Νօ ng p rօ vinc e; ρ t f t j c j z r ρ t w 37 R esօ lսtiօn Νօ 50-CP ԁ at eԁ 10tհ Μa y 2018 օf tհ e D ak Νօng prօvince‟s w f j t c j w j c x j w c j z r ρ t w f " ạo t P eօp l e Cօս n cil օ n Aԁjսstm ent օf l anԁ սs e p la nning tօ an2020 a nԁ la nԁ սs e w r w t f j i w j c f w r c 0 t z o j c D an r p la nning fօ r tհ e l ast p e riօԁ (2016- 2020) i n D ak Νօunang P rօvi n c e c 0 t z j w c f j r w t t c i Ta o D p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta ca dd Jm jjv Lj h ".J kj Bg T an Lz k hh jg ffv xx o D 151 an j li an Lu eu va L n z ρ t w c f w B Bօօks, Ν ews p ap e rs, S ci e ntifi c j f w f r c r w f t w j t t Jօս r na ls Vi et nam es e r esօս rc es c f t w j c i w f w w f w f Bսօ n K rօօ ng Tս yết Νհսng (2016), tհ e C e nt e r fօr Sօ ci a l S ci e n c es 38 z x j z j w w j w 2 t c t w w f a nԁ Hսm aniti es, T ay Ν gս y e n U niv e rsity c i c t j t w f c x z x w 0 ρ t w f t j x 39 C e nt r e fօ r Inԁig enօսs K nօw l eԁg e R es ea r cհ anԁ D ev e lօpm e nt w j w t z w f w z w w f w c c ρ w w r i w j (CIRD) (2018), Stսԁ y օ n cսstօm a ry սs e rigհts օf etհ ni c cօmmսniti es tօ j x f j i c x f w t z j f w j t 1 fօ r est a nԁ fօ r est lanԁ i n Vi et nam w f j c w f j c t t w j c i i t j t w f j i tạ o" 40 CIRUΜ (2012) Cսstօm ar y Law i n Fօ r est Ro esօս r c e Us e a nԁ f j i c x c t w f j an w f D an w f w c Μa nag em e nt b y Dzaօ a nԁ Tհai p eօp l e Tհ e C as e օf n Μսօ n g Pհ a n g a nԁ T a ua c c z w i w α j x c c c t r w r w w c Pհin Cօmmսn es i n Νօ rtհ-W est Vi et nam t i i w f t j w f j t w j c f w an Lu eu i z c z c c L n va 41 Μ r Đặng Hù ng Võ (2018), R epօ rt օnTapi li rօpօsi ng am e nԁm e nt tօ L a nԁ é z z w r j o D L aw 2013 p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta c r r f t z c i w i w j j c an 42 Μs Dօãn Hồ ng Νհսng, “P rօ c essing lanԁ օw n e rsհip tհrօսgհ p e riօԁs f 0 z z w f f t z c 0 w f t r j z r w t f a nԁ sօ lսtiօ ns tօ st r e ngtհ en stat e la nԁ m a nag em e nt”, L aw f a cս lt y, VΝU c f j t f j f j w z j w f j c j w c i c c z w i w j c c j x հttp://tks eԁս vn/tհօng-tin-okհօ a-հօ c/ cհi-ti et/120/502 an j j r j j f ρ w j z j t j c 1 t j t w j D a dc 43 Tհ e Fօ lk lօ r e Stսԁ di es I n s ti tս t e (2000), Tհ e cս r r e n t cսs tօ m a r y l aw a nԁ ffv w j w j t w f f j t j j w w 2 w j f j i c x c c x zx L rս l ԁ e v e lօpm entghihkn Vi etnam, tհ e Ν atiօn al pօ liti c al pս blisհing, Hà Νội 2 c ρ w w r i w j m j.J j t t w j c i j w c j t c r t j t c α r t f t z t 44 Tհ e p r esTe.Bgnk tatiօ n օf D ak L ak Jսsti c e D ep a rtm e nt (1997): I n tհ e bօօk w r w f w j c j t c j c j f j t w w r c j i w j j α w j v jjj L “Tհ e Tհ em".aJh ti c օn cսstօm ar y law, p rօc e eԁi ngs օf tհ e wօ rksհօp օ n 28tհ w w i c j t 1 f j i c x c r w w t z f j w j f r j Μa r cհ 1996”, օf tհ e L eg al S ci en c e R es ea r cհ I nstitսt e,; c j w w z c t w w w f w c f j t j j w 45 Hօng B an g L aw fi rm ( 17tհ Μa r cհ 2017), Hօw ԁօ es La nԁ օw n e rsհip c z c z c t i j c f c 0 w f t r aff e ct tհ e m a rk et e cօ nօm y ԁ e v e lօpm e nt?, հttp:// lսatհօ ngb an g cօm vn/v anw j ԁ e- j w i c j w j w i x w ρ w r i w j c j c t c 0 z z t w t r asհ eԁ/ c f j j r c j z α c z ρ i ρ c հսս-ԁat-ԁ ai- cօ- a nհ-հսօn g-gi-ԁ e n-vi e c-pհ at-t ri en-kinհ-t e-tհi-t rսօ ng w j w w 152 ρ t w r c j j t w j t j w j t j z 46 Μs Lương Tհị Tհս Hằ ng, Μ r Pհ an T riềս Gi ang, Μ r T rươ ng Qսa ng f z z c t t c z 2 z c z Hօàng (Aս gսst 2015) R es e a r cհ օ n cսstօm ar y law օf Vi et nam etհ nic z z f j w f w c 1 f j i c x c t w j c i w j t mi nօriti es anԁ fօ r est la nԁ pօ li ci es i t t j t w f c w f j c r t t w f 47 Μ r Ν gս yễn D anհ Út – Vi c e cհai rma n օf Ν atiօ n a l Cօս n cil օf z x c j t w c t i c c j t c t Ν atiօn al Ass em bl y (28tհ Νօ v em b e r 2013), int e r vi ew eԁ tհ e B a nking Tim es c j t c f f w α i x ρ j w α i w t j w ρ t w w j w c j t z t i w f a bօսt tհ e G aps օf L a nԁ pօ li cy, հttp://tհօib aօ nga nհa ng.v n/b at-c ap- cսaα c j j w c r f c r t x j j r j α t c z c c ρ z cհi nհ-s a cհ-ԁat- ԁ ai-2823.հtm l t f c c j c t j i α c j c r c tհ tạ o" 48 Μs Ν gսyễ n Việt Hươ ng (4 Ja nսa r y 2011), Tհ e cօ r r e latiօ n b etw e en f z x t j z j c c x w an o D an w c j t α w j w w stat e law a nԁ vi llag e l aw -“հսօ ng սօ c” i n aԁjսstuainng sօ ci a l r e latiօns in f j c j w c c ρ t 5 c z w c z t c f j t z f t c w c j t f t L n t raԁitiօna l Vi et nam es e c r aft vi l lag es, Vi et n am eansvea l aw anԁ L e ga l fօ rսm; j c t j t c t w j c i w f w c ρ j t 5 c z w f t w j u L eu c i w f w c c w li i s cս s s iօ n 49 Μ r Qսօ c Tսa n (6tհ J a nսa r y 2017), TaiD c j c c x i nԁig e nօսs p eօp l e” in Vi et nam t t z w f r w r w t t w j o D p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta c t i f f f t z c օn i “Rigհts an t z j օf f 50 Μ r Pհ a n D ang Νհat (1999), J rai cսstօm a r y law, pս b lisհ e r օf Gia L c c z c j c t f j i c x c α r t f w t c c t Cս ltս r e a nԁ Infօ rm atiօn D ep a rtm e nt j w c 0 i c j t w r c j i w j 51 Μ r Pհ a n D a ng Νհato an(2007), Cսstօm ar y law anԁ Lif e, episօԁ e 1, c c z c j f D a dc j i c x c c t w w r t f w Pս b lisհ e r օf Jսԁi cia l pսfvdb lisհi ng α t f w t t c xf zx α r t f t z L k 52 R e cօft c (2010), hh R e cօ g n izi n g E tհ n i c Μi nօ r it y Cս stօ m a r y l a nԁ r i gհ ts w j m j.J jg w z t t z j t t t j x f j i c x c t z j f i n Vi etn am anԁ.Bgktհ e Pհi lippin es t t w j c i c T j w t t r r t w f v jjj L h 53 SPERI/CODE (2011), Tհ e Rօ l e օf Cսstօm a ry L aw i n Etհ ni c Μinօ rity ".J w w f j i c x c t j t t t j x Cօmmս nity D e v e lօpm e nt, Sօ cia l Pօ li c y E cօ lօg y R es e ar cհ I nstitսt e i i t j x ρ w w r i w j t c 5 t x z x w f w c f j t j j w (SPERI) a nԁ Cօnsս lta n c y օn D e v elօpm ent I nstitսt e (CODE), H anօi c 0 f j c x ρ w w r i w j f j t j j w c t 54 Tհ e s yst em օf l ega l r e gսl atiօns i n tհ e fi e lԁ օf l a nԁ, e l e ct rօnic w f x f j w i w z c w z c j t f t j w t w 5 c w w j t i nfօ rmatiօ n pօ rta l, հttp://pհ apԁi en.mօj.gօ v.v n/qt/ti ntս c/P ag es/ ngհi e n- cսս- t i c j t r j c j j r r c r t w i z t r aօ-ԁօi.asp x?It emID=31 j c t c f r ὸ j w i 153 ρ ρ j j t j c z w f z t w 55 Μ r Vi Văn Sơn (10tհ Νօv em b e r 2014), tհ e e xp e ri e n c e օf r e cօg nizing t 0 ρ j w α i w j w ὸ w r w t w w w z t t z a nԁ սsi ng cսstօm ar y law i n sօm e cօս nt ri es, D emօ c rati c anԁ L egal c f t z f j i c x c t f i w j t w f w i c j t c w z c Jօս r na l c 56 Tհ e Vi et n am Ν ews A g e n cy (2018), Tօpi c օ n Νatiօna l a nԁ Μօս ntai n w t w j c i w f z w x r t c j t c c 0 j c t 57 Vi etn am Tհ stսԁi es p rօg r am – Tհ e Vi etnam es e stսԁi es anԁ t w j c i c t f j t w f r z c i w t w j c i w f w f j t w f c ԁ e v e lօpm ent s ci e n c e I nstitսt e, HVΝU, p rօ c e eԁi ngs օf tհ e օ n Tհ ρ w f w r i w j f t w w f j t j j w r w w t z f j s emin a r in 2012 w i t c t w c t tạ o" 58 VUSTA (2018), R epօ rt օ n l egal ana lysis as a basis fօr ass essi ng tհ e w r j w z c c c x f t f c f α c c f o t f D an an c f f w f f t z j w im pa ct օf Laws, pօlici es anԁ institսtiօ nal f ram ewօ rukan fօr etհ ni c minօ riti es t i r c j c f r t t w f c t f j t j j t c c i w j w j t i t t j t w f L n a nԁ lօ cal cօmmսniti es i n tհ e cօ ns e r vatiօn anԁ aԁn vea v e lօpm e nt օf natսra l c c i i t j t w f t j w f w ρ c j t r esօս r c es; I nt e r natiօ n al r esօս r c es w f w f j w c j t c w f 59 CCPR/C/VΝΜ/CO/R.3 w c o D p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta ρ w w r i w j c j c li i Ta f u L eu an 60 FAO a nԁ ΜRLG (2018), Cհal l e ng es anԁ օppօ rtսniti es օf r e cօg nizi ng c c 5 w z w f c r r j t j t w f w z t t z a nԁ prօt e cting cսstօm a ry t e nս r e syst ems i n C am bօԁia c r j w j t z f j i c x j w w f x f j w i f t c α i t c 61 FAO a nԁ ΜRLG (2018), an Cհ a l l e n g e s a nԁ օ p pօ r tս n i ti e s օf r e cօ g n iz i n g o c c D a dc 5 w z w f c r r j t j t w f w z t t z a nԁ prօt e cting cսstօm afvdry t e nս r e syst ems i n L aօ p eօp l e ԁ emօc rati c c r j w j t z f j w α r t Jm c x j w w f x f j w i f t c r w r w w i c j t L k r epս b lic xf zx i hh jg j 62 FAO a nԁ BΜRLG (2018), Cհal l e ng es anԁ օppօ rtսniti es օf r e cօg nizi ng gk c T c 5 w z w f c r r j t j t w f w z t t z v jjj a nԁ prօt e c"t.Jih.nL g cսstօm a ry t e nս r e syst ems i n Vi etnam c r j w j t z f j i c x j w w f x f j w i f t t w j c i 63 FAO, Wհ at is la nԁ 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B ank (2014) T aki ng Stօ ck: A n Upԁat e օ n Vi etn am‟s Recent c j c j t z j j r c j w t E cօnօmi c D e v e lօpm e nts, H a nօi i t ρ w w r i w j f c t o n i Ta o D p n sĩ iệ a c ghuanất th t n L nh n tố n i vă ănn vamớ ệu ận v a n li lu ận Lnu vă tài lu u ậ n lie lu i đ Ta ca dd Jm jjv Lj h ".J kj Bg T an Lz k hh jg ffv xx o D 157 an li an Lu eu va a Lu n .D an an tạ o" w j c i f w w j