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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION HOCHIMINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS - t to hi ng ep LE HUU MINH QUAN n w lo ad yi ju y th pl n ua al RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERSHIP STYLE AND n va INTRINSIC MOTIVATION: m ll fu MODERATING EFFECTS OF POWER DISTANCE n oi tz ORIENTATION AND TIME WITH LEADER z k jm ht vb gm om l.c an Lu MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THESIS n va y te re HoChiMinh City – 2012 MINISTRY OF EDUCATION HOCHIMINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS t to hi ng ep LE HUU MINH QUAN n w lo ad yi ju y th pl RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERSHIP STYLE AND n ua al INTRINSIC MOTIVATION: n va MODERATING EFFECTS OF POWER DISTANCE m ll fu ORIENTATION AND TIME WITH LEADER tz n oi z ht vb Business Administration gm 60.34.05 k Major Code: jm Major: om l.c an Lu MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION THESIS n va y te HoChiMinh City – 2012 re Supervisor: DR PHAM QUOC HUNG i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT t to Without the significant support and contributions made by other people, I hi ng would have not been able to make this thesis a reality ep I am especially grateful to Dr Pham Quoc Hung, my mentor This thesis n w could never been completed without his help and guidance He inspired me to lo explore the topic from different viewpoints He guided me throughout the process ad of formulating the ideas to establish my research on a sound foundation While my y th study was in progress, Dr Hung timely pointed out my mistakes and assisted me ju yi with insightful comments by his wisdom, remarkable professional knowledge, pl wealth of experience and passion n ua al I am fortunate to have great friends and colleagues who have supported me n va throughout the entire period of my studies until accomplishing this thesis, especially m ll fu to those who helped me with my data collection I have many other people at Ho Chi Minh University of Economics to thank n oi for helping me along my scholastic journey tz I deeply appreciate my wife and my expectant baby, for their endless love z and always wholeheartedly supporting me throughout my most difficult time She ht vb gave me time to be a student when she needed a husband to share with her and take jm care of her during her very first hard trimester of her pregnancy k I cannot list down everyone who helped me but I extend my thanks to each gm om l.c of them Truly, without you, it would never have turned out this well an Lu n va y te re ii ABSTRACT t to Using 253 followers in HoChiMinh city – the biggest city in Vietnam – the hi ng author found that part of the transformational and transactional leadership ep behaviours were related to follower’s intrinsic motivation In detail, core transformational leadership and high performance expectation positively affected n w follower’s intrinsic motivation while contingent punishment posed negative impact lo ad Providing individualized support, intellectual stimulation, and contingent reward y th were not found to be related to intrinsic motivation Assumptions were provided to ju yi back up the findings Results of the study did not prove the moderating role of pl power distance orientation on the relationship between leadership behaviors and n ua al follower’s intrinsic motivation However, time with leader showed to be the n va moderator for the relationship: the relationship between core transformational leadership behaviors and follower’s intrinsic motivation was more positive when fu m ll follower had shorter working relationship time with leader Along the study, results n oi also showed that there was significant effect of age on follower’s intrinsic tz motivation, both males and females However, difference magnitudes of effects between males and females were observed at different age groups z k jm motivation, time with manger ht vb Key words: transformational leadership, transactional leadership, intrinsic gm om l.c an Lu n va y te re iii TABLE OF CONTENT t to Page hi ng ep ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i ABSTRACT .ii n w lo LIST OF TABLES vii ad ju y th LIST OF FIGURES viii yi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY pl n ua al 1.1 Research background n va 1.2 Research objectives m ll fu 1.3 Research scope and approach 1.4 Research structure n oi tz CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW, THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK, AND HYPOTHESES z ht vb 2.1 Leadership behaviors k jm 2.1.1 Transactional leadership behaviors gm 2.1.2 Transformational leadership behaviors om l.c 2.2 Leadership and intrinsic motivation 2.2.1 Intrinsic motivation Lu an 2.2.2 Transformational leadership and intrinsic motivation n va 2.2.2.1 Core transformational leadership behaviors and intrinsic motivation y te 2.2.2.3 Providing individualized support and intrinsic motivation re 2.2.2.2 High performance expectation and intrinsic motivation C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an iv TABLE OF CONTENT t to Continued hi ng ep 2.2.2.4 Intellectual stimulation and intrinsic motivation 2.2.3 Transactional leadership and intrinsic motivation 10 n w 2.2.3.1 Contingent reward and intrinsic motivation 10 lo ad 2.2.3.2 Contingent punishment and intrinsic motivation 10 y th ju 2.3 Power distance orientation as a moderator of the leader behavior- yi follower’s intrinsic motivation relationship 11 pl n ua al 2.3.1 Cultural values as moderators of the leader behavior-follower’s intrinsic motivation relationship 11 n va 2.3.2 Power distance orientation as the moderator of the leader behavior- fu m ll follower’s intrinsic motivation relationship 12 n oi 2.4 Time with leader as a moderator of the leader behavior-follower’s tz intrinsic motivation relationship 11 z CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 16 vb jm ht 3.1 Research design 16 k 3.2 Questionnaire development 17 gm 3.2.1 Transformational leadership 18 om l.c 3.2.2 Transactional leadership 19 an Lu 3.2.3 Power distance orientation 19 3.2.4 Intrinsic motivation 19 n va 3.2.5 Control variables 19 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn y 3.4 The pilot study 21 te re 3.3 Translation of the questionnaire 20 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an v TABLE OF CONTENT t to Continued hi ng ep 3.4.1 Pilot study phase 21 3.4.2 Pilot study phase 22 n w 3.5 Target population 24 lo ad 3.6 Sample size 24 y th yi ju 3.7 Selecting the sample and collecting data 25 pl 3.8 Sample characteristics 26 n ua al 3.9 Methods of data analysis 26 n va 3.9.1 Data cleaning 26 m ll fu 3.9.2 Reliability 26 3.9.3 Confirmatory factor analysis 27 n oi tz 3.9.4 Analysis of Variance (one-way and two-way ANOVA) 28 3.9.5 Regression analysis 28 z vb CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS 30 jm ht 4.1 Data cleaning 30 k gm 4.2 Profiles of qualified respondents 30 om l.c 4.3 Normality analysis 32 an Lu 4.4 Reliability of the measurements 33 4.5 Confirmatory factor analysis 34 n va 4.6 Analysis of variance 37 y te re 4.7 Correlation analysis 41 4.8 Hypotheses testing 43 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an vi TABLE OF CONTENT t to Continued hi ng ep 4.8.1 Effects of leadership behaviors on follower’s intrinsic motivation (H1a, H1b, H1c, H1d, H2a, H2b) 43 n w 4.8.2 Moderating effects of power distance orientation on the leadership lo ad behaviors-follower’s intrinsic motivation relationship (H3a, H3b) 45 y th 4.8.3 Moderating effects of Time with Manager on the leadership behaviors- ju yi follower’s intrinsic motivation relationship (H4a, H4b) 47 pl n ua al CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION 50 5.1 Discussions of findings 50 n va 5.2 Practical implications 53 fu n oi m ll 5.3 Contribution of the current study 54 5.4 Limitations and future research 55 tz REFERENCES 57 z jm ht vb RESERCH APPENDICES 63 Appendix A: Vietnamese Questionnaire 63 k gm Appendix B: Reliability Test Results 66 om l.c Appendix C: Testing Regression Assumptions 72 an Lu n va y te re Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an vii LIST OF TABLES t to Number Page hi ng ep Survey Item Used in the Study 23 3-2 Assessing Fit Indices 28 4-1 Variables Included in the Analyses 30 3-1 n w lo Assessment of Normality 32 ju y th 4-3 Socio-demographic Characteristics of the Qualified Samples 31 ad 4-2 Summary of Cronbach Alpha Measures Across Variables 34 4-5 Assessing Fit Indices – Hypothesized Model 35 4-6 Standardized Regression Weights – Hypothesized Model 35 4-7 Assessing Fit Indices – Modified Model 37 4-8 Analysis of Variance 38 4-9 2-Way ANOVA of Age and Sex 40 yi 4-4 pl n ua al n va n oi m ll fu 4-10 Descriptive Statistics and Correlations 42 tz 4-11 Multi Linear Regression: Model summary, ANOVA & Coefficients 44 z 4-12 Power Distance Orientation Moderates the Relationship between Core vb jm ht Transformational Leadership and Subordinate Intrinsic Motivation 46 4-13 Power Distance Orientation Moderates the Relationship between High k gm Performance Expectation and Subordinate Intrinsic Motivation 46 om l.c 4-14 Power Distance Orientation Moderates the Relationship between Contingent Punishment and Subordinate Intrinsic Motivation 47 an Lu 4-15 Time with Manager Moderates the Relationship between Core Transformational Leadership Behaviours and Subordinate Intrinsic Motivation 48 n va y te re Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an viii LIST OF FIGURES t to Number Page ep 3-1 The Research Process 18 Hypothesized First-order 32-items CFA Model 36 The Hypothesized Model 15 n w hi ng 2-1 4-1 lo Building Blocks for the Four Types of Intrinsic Rewards 53 yi ju y th 5-1 2-Way ANOVA of Age and Sex – Plot of Means 41 ad 4-2 pl n ua al n va tz n oi m ll fu z k jm ht vb gm om l.c an Lu n va y te re Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 58 Deci, E L, & Cascio, W F 1972 Changes in intrinsic motivation as a function of t to negative feedback and threats Paper presented at the meeting of the Eastern hi ng Psychological Association, Boston ep Deci, E L 1980 The Psychology of Self-Determination Lexington, Maryland: D C Hearn n w Earley, C.P, & Erez, M 1997 New Perspectives on International Industrial/ lo ad Organizational Psychology New York: Oxford University Press y th Eisenberger, R., & Cameron, J 1996 Detrimental effects of reward: Reality or yi ju myth? American Psychologist, 51: 1153-1166 pl Farh, J L., Earley, P C., & Lin, S 1997 Impetus for action: A cultural analysis of n ua al justice and extra-role behaviour in Chinese society Administrative Science Quarterly, 42: 421-444 n va Faugier, J., & Sargeant, M 1998 Sampling hard to reach populations Journal of fu m ll Advanced Nursing, 26: 790–797 tz California: Sage n oi Field, A 2005 Discovering Statistics Using SPSS (2nd ed.) 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77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn y Personality and Social Psychology Review, 1(2): 170-182 te Utman 1997 Performance Effects of Motivational State: A Meta-Analysis re Journal of Management, 33: 426–478 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 62 Vance, C M., Paik, Y 2011 Managing Global Workforce- Challenges and t to Opportunities in International Human Resource Management (2nd ed.) hi ng M.E Sharpe ep Werner, J M., DeSimone, R L 2009 Human Resource Development 6e (6th ed.), Mason, OH: South Western n w Zhang, X., & Bartol, K M 2010 Linking Empowering Leadership and Employee lo ad Creativity: The Influence of Psychological Empowerment, Intrinsic y th Motivation, and Creative Process Engagement Academy of Management yi ju Journal, 53(1): 107-128 pl n ua al n va tz n oi m ll fu z k jm ht vb gm om l.c an Lu n va y te re Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 63 APPENDIX A t to hi ng Kính chào Anh/ Chị, Bảng câu hỏi thực khuôn khổ luận văn tốt nghiệp Cao học, chuyên ngành Quản Trị Kinh ep Doanh trường Đại học Kinh Tế Tp Hồ Chí Minh Mục đích đề tài nghiên cứu mối quan hệ hành vi nhà lãnh đạo động làm việc nhân viên n w Tôi xin cam kết thông tin từ bảng câu hỏi sử dụng cho mục đích nghiên cứu phạm lo ad vi luận văn nêu Xin chân thành cảm ơn! y th A Nói người quản lý trực tiếp Anh/Chị, vui lịng cho biết mức độ khơng đồng ý/ đồng ý Anh/ ju Chị với phát biểu Vui lòng khoanh tròn 01 số thích hợp cho phát biểu yi pl Các phát biểu 1-21 bắt đầu “Người quản lí trực tiếp tơi…” n ua al Hoàn toàn phản đối ▼ n va …truyền đạt tầm nhìn/ định hướng cảm hứng cho nhân viên Hoàn toàn đồng ý ▼ …là hình mẫu cơng việc cho nhân viên …đẩy mạnh hợp tác hướng thành viên đến mục tiêu chung n oi m ll fu nhóm …thể rõ anh/ chị ln kỳ vọng nhiều từ …kiên yêu cầu thành tích tốt …sẽ khơng hài lịng cịn làm tốt 7 …hành động mà không cân nhắc đến cảm xúc …thể tôn trọng cảm xúc cá nhân …hành xử với mà không quan tâm đến cảm xúc cá nhân gm 10 …cân nhắc đến cảm xúc cá nhân trước hành động 11 …yêu cầu nghĩ vấn đề cũ qua lăng kính om l.c 6 12 …đưa câu hỏi thúc nghĩ cách làm việc 13 …khuyến khích tơi suy nghĩ/ đánh giá lại cách tơi làm việc 14 …đưa ý kiến thúc xem xét lại vài vấn đề công việc tz z k jm ht vb Lu an 6 16 …tán thưởng/ tuyên dương cách đặc biệt làm tốt Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn y te …ln đưa phản hồi tích cực làm tốt re 15 n va mà cho C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 64 t to …khen thưởng làm tốt mục tiêu đặt 18 …thường không công nhận thành tích tốt tơi 19 …thể khơng hài lịng làm không tốt 20 …cho biết làm không tốt 21 …nhắc nhở hiệu công việc không đạt yều cầu hi ng 17 ep n w lo ad B Về quan hệ cấp trên-cấp nói chung, vui lịng cho biết mức độ đồng ý Anh/ Chị với phát biểu y th Vui lòng khoanh trịn 01 số thích hợp cho phát biểu yi ju Hoàn toàn phản đối ▼ pl Trong hầu hết tình huống, cấp nên đưa định mà không cần tham khảo ý kiến cấp 23 Trong vấn đề liên quan đến công việc, cấp có quyền mong đợi n va phục tùng từ cấp 24 n ua al 22 Những nhân viên hay thắc mắc quyền hạn khiến người Một quản lý cấp cao đưa định, nhân viên khác công ty không nên thắc mắc n oi m ll 25 Cấp không nên thể phản cấp 27 Cấp cần có khả đưa định mà không cần tham khảo ý kiến tz 26 người khác Nếu để cấp tham gia vào trình đưa định, cấp z vb 28 quyền lực 7 7 7 7 ht Không vi phạm nguyên tắc công ty – nhân viên jm 29 fu quản lý bớt hiệu Hồn tồn đồng ý ▼ nghĩ lợi ích công ty k gm Các phát biểu 30-38 bắt đầu “Tơi cảm thấy gắn bó cơng việc vì…” Hồn tồn đồng ý ▼ an Lu Hoàn toàn phản đối ▼ om l.c C Nói cơng việc Anh/ Chị, vui lòng cho biết mức độ đồng ý Anh/ Chị với phát biểu Vui lòng khoanh trịn 01 số thích hợp cho phát biểu 31 …tơi thích xây dựng quy trình làm việc 32 …tơi thích cải thiện quy trình sản phẩm có D Cuối cùng, vui lòng cho biết vài thông tin thân Anh/ Chị: Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn y te re …tôi thích tìm giải pháp cho vấn đề phức tạp n va 30 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 65 □ Nam 39 Giới tính: □ Nữ t to □ Đại học 41 Trình độ học vấn hi ng 42 Anh/ Chị bắt đầu làm từ năm năm 40 Năm sinh: □ Sau đại học □ Khác 43 Anh/ Chị bắt đầu làm việc công ty từ năm ………… ep 44 Anh/ Chị làm việc với người quản lí trực tiếp công ty bao lâu? n w □ Có vốn đầu tư nước ngịai ……… tháng (ví dụ 12 tháng) ………… □ Quốc tịch Việt Nam 45 Người quản lí trực tiếp Anh/ Chị mang quốc tịch gì? 46 Cơng ty Anh/ Chị làm việc ………… □ Quốc tịch khác □ Không có vốn đầu tư nước ngịai lo ad Chân thành cảm ơn! yi ju y th pl n ua al n va tz n oi m ll fu z k jm ht vb gm om l.c an Lu n va y te re Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 66 APPENDIX B t to hi ng Appendix B-1: Reliability Test for Core Transformational Leadership Behaviors Reliability Statistics ep Cronbach's Alpha N of Items n w 891 lo ad y th Item Statistics Std Deviation yi ju Mean X2 4.52 X3 5.03 1.566 253 1.605 253 1.447 253 n ua al 4.61 pl X1 N n va Item-Total Statistics fu Scale Variance if Corrected Item- Alpha if Item n oi Item Deleted Cronbach's m ll Scale Mean if Item Deleted Total Correlation 7.994 X2 9.64 7.858 X3 9.13 8.804 800 832 789 843 z 9.55 tz X1 Deleted 858 jm ht vb 773 Appendix B-2: Reliability Test for Core High Performance Expectation k gm Reliability Statistics Alpha om l.c Cronbach's N of Items 673 an Lu Item Statistics Std Deviation n va Mean N 253 X5 5.30 1.249 253 X6 5.08 1.373 253 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn y 1.444 te 5.19 re X4 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 67 t to Item-Total Statistics hi ng Cronbach's Scale Mean if ep Item Deleted Scale Variance if Corrected ItemItem Deleted Alpha if Item Total Correlation Deleted 10.38 5.555 351 759 n w X4 10.28 5.185 578 468 10.49 4.822 551 488 X5 lo ad X6 y th yi ju Appendix B-3: Reliability Test for Providing Individualized Support pl Reliability Statistics n ua al Cronbach's Alpha N of Items n va 893 Mean Std Deviation N 253 X8 4.55 1.597 253 X9 4.77 1.693 253 X10 4.21 1.506 253 k jm ht 1.785 vb 4.25 z X7 tz n oi m ll fu Item Statistics Item Deleted Scale Variance if Corrected ItemItem Deleted Total Correlation Alpha if Item Deleted 837 X8 13.23 20.807 658 900 X9 13.01 18.726 774 859 X10 13.58 19.840 807 850 y te re 831 n va 17.377 an 13.54 Lu X7 om l.c Cronbach's Scale Mean if gm Item-Total Statistics Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 68 Appendix B-4: Reliability Test for Intellectual Stimulation t to Reliability Statistics hi ng Cronbach's ep Alpha N of Items 893 n w lo Item Statistics ad Mean y th 1.457 253 4.55 1.437 253 1.428 253 yi X12 N 4.51 ju X11 Std Deviation X14 4.55 n ua al 4.73 pl X13 1.415 253 n va Item-Total Statistics fu Scale Variance if Corrected ItemItem Deleted Alpha if Item n oi Item Deleted Cronbach's m ll Scale Mean if Total Correlation 13.83 14.882 705 884 X12 13.79 14.129 809 845 X13 13.61 14.525 769 X14 13.79 14.573 774 tz X11 Deleted z 861 vb k Appendix B-5: Reliability Test for Contingent Reward jm ht 859 gm om l.c Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Alpha N of Items an Lu 860 n va y te re Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 69 Item Statistics t to Mean Std Deviation N hi ng ep 5.18 1.526 253 X16 4.71 1.549 253 X17 4.66 1.650 253 5.08 1.618 253 X15 n w X18 lo ad Item-Total Statistics y th Cronbach's ju Scale Mean if yi Item Deleted Scale Variance if Corrected ItemItem Deleted pl X16 14.92 X17 14.96 X18 14.55 Deleted 16.447 773 794 15.616 844 763 15.594 769 793 19.106 468 915 n va 14.45 n ua al X15 Alpha if Item Total Correlation m ll fu Appendix B-6: Reliability Test for Contingent Punishment n oi tz Reliability Statistics Cronbach's z Alpha N of Items vb k jm ht 642 Std Deviation N 4.70 1.580 253 X20 5.26 1.277 253 X21 5.29 1.269 253 an Lu X19 om l.c Mean gm Item Statistics n va y te re Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 70 Item-Total Statistics t to Cronbach's hi ng Scale Mean if Item Deleted Item Deleted Alpha if Item Total Correlation Deleted 5.534 270 828 X20 9.99 5.325 522 458 9.97 4.912 624 319 10.55 n w ep X19 Scale Variance if Corrected Item- X21 lo ad ju y th Appendix B-7: Reliability Test for Power Distance Orientation Reliability Statistics yi pl Cronbach's N of Items n ua al Alpha 738 N 253 X24 3.72 1.508 253 X25 3.03 1.759 253 X26 3.02 1.568 253 X27 4.05 1.953 253 X28 2.44 1.475 253 X29 4.38 1.836 253 gm 1.577 k 4.37 jm X23 ht 253 vb 1.710 z 3.34 tz X22 n oi m ll Std Deviation fu Mean n va Item Statistics om l.c an Lu n va y te re Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an 71 Item-Total Statistics t to Cronbach's hi ng Scale Mean if Item Deleted Item Deleted Alpha if Item Total Correlation Deleted 52.079 354 726 X23 23.98 51.778 418 713 24.64 52.407 415 714 25.32 46.204 604 674 25.33 47.889 617 676 24.31 50.397 344 732 25.91 50.683 518 696 53.642 250 748 25.02 n w ep X22 Scale Variance if Corrected Item- X24 lo ju X27 y th X26 ad X25 yi X28 pl X29 23.98 n ua al Appendix B-8: Reliability Test for Intrinsic Motivation n va Reliability Statistics Alpha m ll fu Cronbach's N of Items n oi 872 tz Item Statistics N 1.434 253 X31 4.92 1.355 253 X32 5.10 1.350 253 k 5.07 jm X30 ht vb Std Deviation z Mean gm Cronbach's Item Deleted Total Correlation Alpha if Item an Item Deleted Scale Variance if Corrected Item- Deleted 861 X31 10.17 6.324 804 774 X32 9.99 6.607 750 822 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn y 711 te 6.420 re 10.02 n va X30 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Lu Scale Mean if om l.c Item-Total Statistics C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn