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tn to p ie gh UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY VIETNAM INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES THE HAGUE THE NETHERLANDS w n lo VIETNAM – THE NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ad th yj ip uy an lu la va FROM ECONOMIC GROWTH TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: LESSONS FOR VIETNAM n ll fu oi m at nh z z BY ht vb NGUYEN THI HONG k jm om l.c gm an Lu MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS n va y te re th HO CHI MINH CITY, NOVEMBER 2012 tn to p ie gh UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HO CHI MINH CITY VIETNAM INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL STUDIES THE HAGUE THE NETHERLANDS w n lo VIETNAM - NETHERLANDS PROGRAMME FOR M.A IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ad th yj ip uy la an lu FROM ECONOMIC GROWTH TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: LESSONS FOR VIETNAM va n ll fu oi m nh at A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of z MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS z k jm om l.c gm NGUYEN THI HONG ht vb By n va ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DR NGUYEN TRONG HOAI an ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DR PHAM HOANG VAN Lu Academic Supervisor: y te re th HO CHI MINH CITY, NOVEMBER 2012 tn to DECLARATION p ie gh I would like to declare that this thesis:" From economic growth to sustainable w development: Lessons for Vietnam" is original I ensure that this paper has not been n submitted anywhere for the award of any degree lo ad th This thesis was completed with big support from my supervisors All source of data yj and information have been fully referenced ip uy an lu MDE16 la NGUYEN THI HONG va n ll fu oi m at nh z z ht vb k jm om l.c gm an Lu n va y te re th i tn to ACKNOWLEGDEMENT p ie gh I would like to express my greatest gratitude to respectful supervisors, Associate w Professors – Dr PHAM HOANG VAN, Baylor University and Dr NGUYEN TRONG n HOAI, Vice President of UEH They already helped and supported me many interesting lo courses, especially valuable advice, guidance and inspiration for me finish this study on time ad th yj I also want to express my thanks to all Professor of the MDE Program during the past uy ip two years (2009-2011), my friends of MDE16, UEH administrative staff at Economic lu la Development Faculty, who supported many useful documents and materials I cannot forget an the support from my big family all the time I followed this program va n At last but not the least, I am so sorry and would like to share my condolences when fu ll Professor KAREL JANSEN - who had great contributions to the program - passed away oi m That was really a big loss for all of us at nh z Best regards z vb ht NGUYEN THI HONG jm MDE 16 k om l.c gm an Lu n va y te re th ii tn to ABSTRACT p ie gh In the scenes of strong economic development all over the world during some decades w ago, the new problems that are happening everywhere is the consequence of progress can be n attract more concerns of economists That is the trade-off of economic achievements and the lo degradation of environment, the exploitation of natural resources, the global warming, the rise ad th of sea level and so on The new concept about development - sustainable development - now yj becomes familiar It is a new economic approach to express the development which care not uy ip only economic growth but also reservation of the natural resources, the environmental an lu la pollution, the investment on education va From that point of view, by using data of 90 countries, the author hopes to find out the n relationship between sustainable development and other determinants such as GDP growth, fu ll export of natural resources and agricultural products, urban population growth, Human m oi Development Index, corruption impact and so on I strongly believe that the discovery of at nh these relationships can provide some valuable lessons for development progress for z developing countries and Vietnam z vb ht Key words: sustainable development, economic growth, adjusted net savings k jm om l.c gm an Lu n va y te re th iii C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to TABLE OF CONTENT p ie gh DECLARATION i ACKNOWLEGDEMENT ii w ABSTRACT iii TABLE OF CONTENT iv n lo LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS vi ad LIST OF TABLES vii th yj LIST OF FIGURES, GRAPHS viii uy CHAPTER I ip la INTRODUCTION an lu 1.1Research background va 1.2 Statement of problem n 1.3 Research objectives fu ll 1.4 Research questions m oi 1.5Research methodology nh 1.6 Structure of thesis at CHAPTER II z z LITERATURE REVIEW FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT vb ht 2.1 Concepts of economic growth, economic development and sustainable development jm 2.2 Approaches of sustainable development k 2.3 Objectives and significance of sustainable development 10 l.c gm 2.4 Indicators of sustainable development 11 2.5 Linkage of various determinants of sustainable development 14 om 2.6 Benefits and drawbacks of adjusted net savings 15 Lu 2.7 Empirical Models 16 an 2.10 Chapter remarks 30 iv Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn th 3.1 Econometric techniques 32 y te RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DATA COLLECTION 32 re CHAPTER III 32 n va 2.8 Empirical studies relating to sustainable development 22 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to 3.2 Data collection 35 3.3 Data analysis 35 p ie gh 3.4 Chapter remarks 36 w CHAPTER IV 37 RESEARCH RESULTS 37 n lo 4.1 Descriptive statistics 37 ad 4.2 Relationship between adjusted net saving and other factors 41 th yj 4.3 Empirical analysis 44 ip uy 4.4 Chapter remarks 53 la CHAPTER V 55 an lu SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM 55 CHAPTER VI 58 va n CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 58 ll fu 6.1 Main findings 58 oi m 6.3 Limitations of thesis title 61 nh 6.4 Further research 61 at REFERENCES 62 z z APPENDIX ht vb k jm om l.c gm an Lu n va y te re th v Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS p ie gh Asian Development Bank IMF International Monetary Bank NGO Non Governmental Organization w ADB n Carbon Dioxide ad CPI lo CO2 Corruption Perception Index th Ethno-Linguistic Fractionalization GDP Gross Domestic Product GDPPC Gross Domestic Product per capita GNI Gross National Income HCMC Ho Chi Minh City HDI Human Development Index MPI Ministry of Planning and Investment OECD The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OLS Ordinary Least Squares TFP Total Factor Productivity TSLS Two Stage Least Squares UN The United Nations UNCED The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development UNDP The United Nations Development Program WB The World Bank WTO World Trade Organization WCED World Commission on Environment and Development yj ELF ip uy an lu la va n ll fu oi m at nh z z ht vb k jm om l.c gm an Lu n va y te re th vi Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to LIST OF TABLES p ie gh Table 2.1: Expectation the influence of determinants on adjusted net savings 22 w Table 2.2: Summary of empirical studies relating to sustainable development 27 Table 4.1: Descriptive statistics 39 n lo Table 4.2: Covariance and correlation 40 ad Table 4.3: Regression adjusted net savings and GDP growth rates by OLS 44 th yj Table 4.4: Regression adjusted net savings and GDP growth rates by TSLS 46 ip uy Table 4.5: Regression adjusted net savings and GDP per capita by OLS 47 la Table 4.6: Regression adjusted net savings and GDP per capita by TSLS 48 an lu Table 4.7: Regression adjusted net savings on Export of agricultural raw products 50 Table 4.8: Regression adjusted net savings on Export of natural resources 51 va n Table 4.9: Regression adjusted net savings with GDP growth rates in developing countries ll fu 52 oi m Table 4.10: Summary results 54 at nh Table 5.1: Vietnam Data 55 z z ht vb k jm om l.c gm an Lu n va y te re th vii Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to LIST OF FIGURES, GRAPHS p ie gh Figure 2.1: Linkage of various determiants of sudtainable development……………….15 w Graph 2.1: How to calculate adjusted net savings 12 Graph 2.1: Conceptual framework 30 n lo Graph 4.1: Relationship between Adjusted net savings and GDP growths (1996-2010) 41 ad Graph 4.2: Relationship between Adjusted net savings and and GDPPC2010 42 th yj Graph 4.3: Relationship between Adjusted net savings and export of agricultural raw products ip uy in period 1996-2010 42 la Graph 4.4: Relationship between Adjusted net saving and and export of natural resources in an lu period 1996-2010 43 Graph 4.5: Relationship between Adjusted net savings and GDP growth of developing va n countries in period 1996-2010 44 ll fu oi m at nh z z ht vb k jm om l.c gm an Lu n va y te re th viii Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to the impact of this factor is very little in many cases but the good institution can bring more opportunities for achieving sustainable development It is very clear in developed countries p ie gh where they have very high CPI index w Fourth, export of natural resources will lower adjusted net saving though this activity now is mainly income of many developing countries all over the world So the effective n lo measurement for controlling the activity of the export of natural resources need to apply ad quickly and urgently because many natural resources need a long time for renew or reproduce th yj Developing countries can limit this activity by investment more for manufactured industries ip uy then export of high value-added products by advanced technologies It will replace step by la step the exploitation of natural resources for export raw materials an lu Last, the age dependency ratio is a burden of society because they are not non working people, they not contribute for economic growth High rate of this factor also causes many va n social problems such as high expenditure for control crime, health care, education and so on ll fu For decrease of this ratio by creating jobs, extension working age as developed countries have oi m done is a lesson for developing countries nh 6.2.2 For Vietnam context at In Vietnam context, beside general suggested policies above, some extra valuable z z lessons can be considered as follows: ht vb Maintain economic growth rate with inflation rates under the acceptable control level jm by flexible fiscal and monetary policies Lessons can be structural trasformation from k agricultural economy to service or industrial economy as Hongkong, Singapore, Taiwan In l.c gm these countries, economic development came from shifting massively into service sectors by developing new fields like insurance, finance, away from manufacturing Supporting and om developing industrial and manufacturing sectors, step by step decreasing the export of natural an Lu resources and raw agricultural products That requires strongly consideration from Government by some industrial policies like many industrial countries in Asia For example, n y te re substitution program in industry and second stage is import- substitution in the industrial va in case of Taiwan, there are two stages for economic development, first stage is import- th 60 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to upgrading In case of Korea, economic development is facilitated by the formation of Heavy Chemical Industry Drive and General Trading Comapny 24 p ie gh Increasing practical and valuable programs for limit the exploitations of natural w resources and air polluted emissions are necessary All activities relate to this programs will be plant new forest, reservation of biological systems, recycle and re-use more materials n lo which come from natural resources Increasing the control measurements for air emission, ad waste water pollution from domestic manufacturers in industrial zones; limit the th yj uncontrollable of dangerous pollutants for environment, prevent the import of industrial la import raw materials ip uy pollutants from developed countries by applying international standards about the export and an lu Of course, a high rate of adjusted net savings are always good sign for sustainable development in Vietnam some years ago However, considering these trade-off problems va n between economic benefits and other activities as depletion of natural resources or ll fu environmental pollution are very important for policy makers All above solutions will be oi m successful or not require the capacity of Government in the efficient governance by reducing nh corruption, stable financial system, policies for facilitating industrialization Success in these at areas management can be help to improve sustainable development for Vietnam z z 6.3 Limitations of thesis title ht vb This paper uses adjusted net savings for evaluating sustainable development so the limit of jm measure this indicator will limit the value of this thesis The number of countries in this paper k is limited within 90, some other effect such as trade, FDI are not account for l.c gm 6.4 Further research From this paper, many problems open for a new series of studies in future This paper does om not mention the impact of economic growth on strong sustainability, the relationship between an Lu weak and strong sustainability, the relationship between sustainable development-economic growth- society development We can explore the effect of FDI on sustainability, the trade va n balance, the unemployment, inflation y te re Henry Y Wan Jr., Economic Development in a Globalized Environment, Springer, 2005 61 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn th 24 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to REFERENCES p ie gh Adrian Boos (2011) “The theoretical relationship between the Resource Curve w Hypothesis and Genuine savings”, Institute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn, n lo Alam S., Fatina A., Butt M S (2007), “Sustainable development in Pakistan in the ad context of energy consumption demand and environmental degradation.” Journal of th yj Asian Economics 18, 825-837 uy Atkinson G., Hamilton K (2003), “Saving, Growth and the Resource Curse ip la Hypothesis.” World Development 31: 1793–1807 an lu Barro, Robert (1991) “ Economic growth in a cross section of countries”, The va Quarterly Journal of Economics 106, no 2: 407–43 n Clarke M., M.N Islam S (2005), “Diminishing and 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edition, Palgrave Macmillan, 2007 Press, 2006 62 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn th 13 E Wayne Nafziger, Economic Development, fourth edition, Cambrigde University y te re ed., Norton 2006 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to 14 Gallup J L., Sachs J and Mellinger A.D (1998), “Geography and Economic Growth” 15 Grace T R Lin, Hope C (2004), “Genuine savings measurement and its application p ie gh to the United Kingdom and Taiwan”, The Developing Economies XVII-1: 3−41 w 16 Hamilton C (1999), “The genuine progress indicator: methodological developments and results from Australia.” Ecological Economics 30: 13–28 n lo 17 Hamilton K and Clement M (1999), “Genuine saving rate in developing countries.” ad The World Bank Economic Review 13:333-356 th yj 18 Harris M J (2000), “Basic principles of sustainable development.” Global ip uy Development and Environment Institute, Working paper 00-04 la 19 Harris M J., Wise T A., P Gall K and R Goodwin N., (2001) “A survey of The an lu sustainable development: Social and Economic Dimensions”, Washington: Global Development and Environment Institute Tufts University, Island Press.nn va n 20 Henry Y Wan Jr., Economic Development in a Globalized Environment, Springer, ll fu 2005 oi m 21 http://weber.ucsustainable development.edu\~proeder\elf.htm nh 22 http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/world-development-indicators at 23 http://undp.org/en/statistics/hdi z z 24 http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/20010 jm sustainability”, Ecological Economics 55 (2005) 599-609 ht vb 25 J.Ram Pillarisetti (2005) “Analysis The World Bank ‘s “genuine saving” measure and k 26 Jong Il Kim and Laurence Lau (1994) "The Sources of Economic Growth of the East l.c gm Asian Newly Industrial Countries", Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Vol 8, pp 235-71 om 27 Lawn P A (2003),“A theoretical foundation to support the Index of Sustainable indexes.” Ecological Economics 44: 105-118 an Lu Economic Welfare (ISEW), Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) and other related n y te re 29 Lee H H., Chung R K., Koo C M (2005), “On the relationship of economic growth va 28 Le Le S (1991), “Sustainable Development: a Critical review.” and environmental sustainability.” Review 59, no 5: 886–96 63 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn th 30 Leff, Nathaniel (1969) “Dependency rates and savings rates”, American Economic C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to 31 Liz Tucker (2008) “Theory survey of Sustainable Development” 32 Moe T (2003), “The Norwegian model for sustainable development: A policy oriented p ie gh capital framework for measurement and policies.” w 33 OECD, 2001, Sustainable Development: Critical issues 34 Paolo Mauro (1995) “Corruption and Growth”, The Quarterly Journal Economics Vol n lo 110: 681-713, MIT Press ad 35 Partha Dasgupta (2007) “Measuring Sustainable Development: Theory and th yj Application”, Asian Development Review, vol 24, no 1, pp1-10 ip uy 36 Paul Krugman (1994) "The Myth of Asia's Micrale", Foreign Affairs, Volume 73, no la an lu 37 Paul M Romer (1994)” The Origins of Endogenous Growth, The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol 8, No 1, pp 3-22 va n 38 Pearce D., Atkinson G., Hamilton K., Dubourg R., Young C and Munasinghe M ll fu (1997), Measuring Sustainable Development: Macroeconomics and the Environment, oi m Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., United Kingdom nh 39 Peter Hess (2010) “Determinants of the adjusted net saving rate in developing at economies”, International Review of Applied Economics, Vol 24, No 5, September z z 2010, 591–608 jm paper Number ht vb 40 Pezzey J (1992), “Sustainable Development concepts.” World Bank Environment k 41 Pham Hoang Van, Henry Wan, Jr (1997), "Interpreting East Asian Growth" in l.c gm Dynamics, Economic Growth and International Trade”, Bjarne Jensen and Kar-yiu Wong (eds.), University of Michigan Press, pp.265-86 om 42 Philip G Roeder (2001) "Ethno linguistic Fractionalization (ELF) Indices, 1961 and 43 Robert et al., (2004) “ Viewpoint: Weak versus strong sustainability” an Lu 1985." February Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn th 46 The United Nations, 2008, “Measuring Sustainable Development” 64 y te Sustainable Development in Vietnam re 45 The Minister of Planning and Investment, 2004, The Strategic Orientation for n Review of Economics and Statistics, Vol 39 va 44 Robert Solow (1957) "Technical Change and the Aggregate Production Function", C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to 47 The United Nations, Earth Summit Agenda 21, Program of Action from Rio, 1992 48 The United Nations, Johannesburg Summit 2002, Taking Actions for Earth Future, p ie gh 2002 w 49 The United Nations, Report of World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future, 1987 n lo 50 Tran Vo Hung Son, Chau Van Thanh (1998)” Analysis of the sources of economic ad growth of Vietnam”, Centre for ASEAN Studies th yj 51 UNDP, 2010, Human Development Report 2010, United Nations Development ip uy Program la 52 Yacouba Gnègnè (2009), Adjusted net saving and welfare change, Ecological an lu Economics 68 (2009), 1127-1139 va n ll fu oi m at nh z z ht vb k jm om l.c gm an Lu n va APPENDIX Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn th 65 y te re CALCULATING ADJUSTED NET SAVING ITEM (WORLD BANK) C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to Gross national saving (GNS): Difference between GNI and public and private consumption plus net current transfers p ie gh Depreciation: Replacement value of capital used up in the process of production w Net national saving (NNS): Difference between gross national saving and the consumption of fixed capital n lo Education expenditure: Public current operating expenditures in education, ad including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and th yj equipment ip uy Energy depletion (ED): Ratio of present value (PV) of rents, discounted at 4%, to la exhaustion time of the resource Rent is calculated as the product of unit resource rents natural gas an lu and the physical quantities of energy resources extracted It covers coal, crude oil, and va n Mineral depletion (MD): Ratio of present value of rents, discounted at 4%, to ll fu exhaustion time of the resource Rent is calculated as the product of unit resource rents oi m and the physical quantities of mineral extracted It covers tin, gold, lead, zinc, iron, nh copper, nickel, silver, bauxite, and phosphate at Net forest depletion (NFD): Product of unit resource rents and the excess of round z z wood harvest over natural growth jm ton of carbon emitted was taken from Fankhauser (1994) ht vb CO2 damages (CO2D): A conservative figure of $20 marginal global damages per k PM damages (PMD): Willingness to pay (WTP) to avoid mortality and morbidity l.c gm attributable to particulate emissions 10 Adjusted net saving (ANS): Net national saving plus education expenditure and om minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, carbon dioxide an Lu damage, and particulate emissions damage n va CALCULATING VARIABLES IN MODELS 66 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn th (ANS1996+ANS1997+…+ANS 2009)/ number of year (1996-2010) y te re a ANS =Average adjusted net saving rate for 1996-2010, % of GNI= C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to b HDI =Human Development Index for 2010, score from 0- 1, higher index means higher human development p ie gh c GDPGR =average growth rate of real GDP for 1996-2010, annual % growth= w (GDPgrowth1996+GDP growth1997+ + GDP growth 2009) i/number of year (19962010) n lo d GDPPC2010 = GDP in 2010, $US ad e AGE= Average age dependency ratio for 1996 and 2010, % of working-age th yj f CPI = corruption perception index for 2010, score from 0- 10, higher score means ip uy more perception about corruption la g MS = average money and quasi money growth for 1996-2010, % of 2010) an lu GDP=(MS/GDP1996+MS/GDP1997+….+MS/GDP2010)/ number of year (1996- va n h XR = share of fuels, ores, and metals in merchandise exports for 1996-2010, % of ll fu merchandise export==[(export of fuel + ore + metal) 1996+(export of fuel + ore + oi m metal) 1997+….+(export of fuel + ore + metal) 2010]/ number of year (1996-2010)] nh i AGRI= agricultural raw material exports for 1996-2010, % of merchandise exports at j ONM= ores and metals exports, % merchandise exports z z k UBGR=average urban population growth for 1996-2010, annual % ht vb k jm om l.c gm an Lu n va y te re th 67 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to DATA OF COUNTRIES ANS GDPGR GDPPC AGE AGRI XR MS ONM UBGR HDI CPI ELF85 Argentina 5.20 4.00 10,749.00 58.67 1.80 16.53 27.20 3.20 1.13 0.775 2.9 0.288 Armenia 1.27 7.20 1,327.00 53.00 2.85 30.62 14.73 27.15 (0.53) 0.695 2.6 0.128 Australia 6.67 3.47 25,249.00 48.93 4.53 44.33 76.00 20.67 1.53 0.937 8.7 0.437 Austria 2.13 26,694.00 47.93 2.27 5.47 164.45 3.00 0.67 0.851 7.9 0.153 Bangladesh 18.73 558.00 66.00 1.73 0.36 44.13 3.33 0.469 2.4 0.043 Belarus 15.53 7.00 2,740.00 45.07 2.77 26.62 16.67 0.92 0.732 2.5 0.374 Belgium 13.78 1.93 24,518.00 51.73 1.08 9.17 123.18 3.08 0.40 0.867 7.1 0.589 Benin 2.64 4.60 377.00 lu 92.00 69.64 0.98 27.60 0.18 4.00 0.435 2.8 0.525 Bolivia 0.53 3.67 1,233.00 75.40 3.40 55.20 52.47 25.13 2.67 0.643 2.8 0.740 10 Botswana 31.13 5.33 4,190.00 12.82 32.93 12.82 3.27 0.633 5.8 0.399 11 Brazil 5.67 3.07 4,717.00 52.53 15.47 47.93 10.47 1.80 0.699 3.7 0.576 12 Bulgaria 2.07 2.87 2,555.00 46.27 2.20 23.00 46.80 13.07 (0.20) 0.743 3.6 0.225 13 Burkina Faso 1.57 6.33 283.00 93.93 65.79 0.71 21.13 0.21 5.00 0.305 3.1 0.712 14 Cambodia 6.46 7.87 558.00 73.47 1.91 at 18.40 0.36 4.67 0.494 2.1 0.238 15 Cameroon 1.75 3.73 714.00 84.07 15.46 55.00 15.53 4.77 4.00 0.46 2.2 0.879 16 Canada 10.07 2.67 25,575.00 45.33 5.60 23.13 5.93 1.13 0.888 8.9 0.769 17 Chile 5.13 3.87 6,430.00 51.20 7.73 52.13 66.27 jm 1.47 0.783 7.2 0.515 18 China 30.93 9.80 2,426.00 44.47 0.73 4.47 135.00 1.87 3.20 0.663 3.5 0.131 19 Colombia 2.60 3.27 3,233.00 57.67 4.93 41.60 29.93 1.33 2.00 0.689 3.5 0.596 20 Costa Rica 13.80 4.60 5,227.00 54.47 3.27 1.80 36.33 1.13 3.00 0.725 5.3 0.458 21 Cote d'Ivoire 4.79 1.87 588.00 82.27 9.80 21.13 25.07 0.07 3.13 0.397 2.2 0.896 22 8.40 3.13 15,328.00 46.20 1.13 9.53 179.93 7.47 1.93 0.81 6.3 an 0.329 23 Cyprus Czech Republic 8.27 3.00 7,803.00 42.33 1.80 5.40 60.87 2.07 0.20 0.841 4.6 0.107 24 Denmark 13.20 1.27 30,529.00 50.73 2.80 8.07 65.60 1.27 0.53 0.866 9.3 0.061 25 Ecuador 2.07 3.40 1,728.00 62.73 4.67 46.20 24.13 0.27 2.53 0.695 2.5 0.657 26 El Salvador 4.00 2.27 2,556.00 73.73 0.53 4.40 46.20 1.53 1.40 0.659 3.6 0.159 27 Estonia 13.33 4.80 5,980.00 48.73 7.27 11.27 38.67 3.13 (0.40) 0.812 6.5 0.528 w NATION ad p ie gh No n lo 14.47 th yj 5.53 ip uy la an va - n 65.73 ll fu 4.13 oi m nh 0.36 - - z z vb ht 113.92 51.20 k om l.c gm Lu y te re th Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn n Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn va 68 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an NATION ANS GDPGR GDPPC AGE AGRI XR MS ONM UBGR HDI CPI ELF85 28 Ethiopia 5.40 7.27 221.00 91.33 15.86 1.40 35.69 1.29 4.00 0.328 2.7 0.766 tn to No 15.40 2.80 27,114.00 49.87 5.80 7.73 74.60 3.60 0.67 0.871 9.2 0.129 30 France 12.00 1.67 22,758.00 53.73 1.00 5.47 118.36 2.20 1.00 0.872 6.8 0.318 31 Gambia, The 8.40 4.40 704.00 90.53 3.60 3.16 26.93 3.07 4.67 0.39 3.2 0.716 32 Germany 10.87 1.40 25,306.00 48.73 1.00 4.07 177.27 2.40 0.885 7.9 0.111 33 Ghana 5.33 360.00 78.00 9.46 12.69 24.13 8.92 4.00 0.467 4.1 0.874 34 Greece 2.36 13,578.00 48.07 3.00 17.60 93.78 7.93 0.93 0.855 3.5 0.085 35 Guinea (4.60) 5.67 550.00 89.33 1.75 71.08 11.20 70.75 3.00 0.34 0.784 36 Honduras 18.33 3.87 1,392.00 81.00 3.54 7.08 44.40 6.15 3.00 0.604 2.4 0.120 37 Hungary 6.07 2.33 5,634.00 lu 46.07 1.07 4.40 48.73 2.13 0.805 4.7 0.013 38 Iceland 5.73 3.07 33,884.00 52.00 1.00 23.07 60.93 22.53 1.20 0.869 8.5 0.033 39 India 17.80 7.00 795.00 61.07 1.53 12.67 56.67 4.73 2.27 0.519 3.3 0.878 40 Indonesia 11.80 3.93 1,145.00 52.93 5.13 32.67 43.93 6.87 3.93 0.6 2.8 0.757 41 Ireland 19.13 2.50 27,599.00 48.53 1.00 145.47 0.60 1.87 0.895 0.029 42 Italy 9.33 0.93 18,943.00 49.60 1.00 3.93 88.67 1.33 0.53 0.854 3.9 0.114 43 Japan 10.27 0.73 39,972.00 49.47 0.80 at 215.33 1.73 0.884 7.8 0.014 44 Jordan 13.40 5.13 2,579.00 72.53 0.07 16.67 45 Kazakhstan (10.73) 6.47 2,482.00 50.07 1.29 73.64 46 Korea, Rep 21.87 4.20 16,219.00 39.40 1.00 6.73 60.47 47 Kuwait 9.00 4.27 23,115.00 40.47 91.23 70.40 48 Latvia 3.87 4.67 5,011.00 47.93 19.80 7.07 32.67 3.80 49 Lebanon (5.11) 3.93 6,746.00 55.27 1.86 9.93 190.27 9.86 l.c gm 50 Lithuania 4.20 4.53 5,333.00 48.73 3.80 22.13 30.33 1.80 (0.67) 51 19.67 3.93 52,306.00 48.33 1.08 6.08 598.20 5.50 52 Luxembourg Macedonia, FYR 3.27 2.60 2,220.00 45.87 1.69 10.15 30.00 53 Malaysia 20.47 4.73 5,185.00 58.33 2.67 12.60 54 Mali 4.50 5.47 273.00 98.40 69.93 55 Mauritius 14.47 4.60 5,181.00 45.47 56 Mexico 12.33 3.07 6,105.00 60.53 w Finland ad p ie gh 29 n lo 7.60 th yj 2.47 ip uy la an va n ll fu m oi 0.40 nh z 2.47 - 2.20 0.681 4.7 0.455 16.86 0.60 0.714 2.9 0.692 1.00 0.877 5.4 0.003 3.47 0.771 4.5 0.788 (0.73) 0.769 4.3 0.61 2.5 0.356 0.783 0.353 1.40 0.852 8.5 0.426 6.46 1.00 0.701 4.1 0.511 125.07 1.27 3.93 0.744 4.4 0.687 1.79 25.27 0.21 5.00 0.309 2.7 0.833 0.53 0.27 85.73 0.27 1.00 0.701 5.4 0.489 0.67 13.73 27.60 1.93 2.00 0.75 3.1 0.219 vb 16.29 an z 113.33 - ht 21.27 jm 1.60 k - - n va y te re th Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 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77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn om 69 1.60 C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an NATION ANS GDPGR GDPPC AGE AGRI XR MS ONM UBGR HDI CPI ELF85 57 Morocco 22.13 4.80 1,844.00 58.53 2.00 12.20 80.80 10.00 2.00 0.567 3.4 0.399 tn to No (0.60) 7.67 384.00 89.73 6.00 51.93 25.53 38.57 5.20 0.284 2.7 0.698 59 Namibia 22.93 4.20 2,696.00 74.87 0.89 18.67 40.33 18.00 3.67 0.606 4.4 0.722 60 Netherlands 14.47 2.20 26,553.00 47.80 3.13 9.60 157.46 2.13 1.47 0.89 8.8 0.345 61 New Zealand 9.14 2.53 14,880.00 51.47 12.33 7.60 81.67 4.40 1.27 0.907 9.3 0.421 62 Nicaragua 3.67 907.00 75.53 2.33 2.27 36.27 1.13 2.00 0.565 2.5 0.390 63 Niger 0.60 179.00 103.40 2.60 58.13 12.13 56.87 4.00 0.261 2.6 0.682 64 Peru 6.93 4.73 3,181.00 61.53 2.13 54.07 30.93 45.60 1.40 0.723 3.5 0.510 65 Philippines 15.87 4.40 1,383.00 69.47 0.93 4.53 55.67 2.87 3.40 0.638 2.4 0.859 66 Poland 8.40 4.40 6,574.00 lu 44.13 1.40 9.53 41.13 4.67 (0.07) 0.795 5.3 0.035 67 Portugal 4.47 1.80 11,748.00 48.40 2.53 5.47 124.36 2.33 1.67 0.795 0.007 68 6.53 2.53 2,637.00 45.07 3.07 11.67 28.87 4.60 (0.13) 0.767 3.7 0.208 69 Romania Russian Federation 2.20 3.73 2,927.00 42.53 2.93 62.13 27.60 8.60 (0.27) 0.565 2.1 0.333 70 Rwanda 4.71 8.47 337.00 88.07 28.29 15.60 28.29 9.87 0.385 0.26 71 Senegal 6.36 4.20 562.00 89.93 3.53 24.80 28.00 6.20 3.00 0.411 2.9 0.791 72 Singapore 33.47 5.87 32,641.00 39.13 0.27 at 108.47 1.20 2.40 0.846 9.3 0.398 73 Slovenia 13.33 3.33 12,732.00 42.87 1.53 5.80 0.828 6.4 0.179 74 Spain 11.07 2.73 15,458.00 46.13 1.00 5.93 75 Sri Lanka 18.27 5.13 1,309.00 49.20 2.45 1.82 76 Sudan (5.93) 6.27 524.00 81.93 10.23 77 Sweden 18.13 2.47 32,507.00 54.33 78 Switzerland 18.47 1.93 37,662.00 79 Tanzania 11.67 6.13 80 19.40 81 Thailand Trinidad and Tobago 82 w Mozambique ad p ie gh 58 n lo 2.93 th yj 3.93 ip uy la an va n ll fu m oi 5.50 nh z 12.13 z 50.20 4.00 1.27 0.863 6.1 0.46 36.00 0.33 0.658 3.2 0.422 61.97 13.93 0.31 4.73 0.379 1.6 0.731 4.20 7.07 63.40 3.13 0.33 0.885 9.2 0.137 47.87 0.40 5.07 140.40 3.60 0.67 0.874 8.7 0.586 459.00 91.27 12.43 12.93 22.13 12.21 4.40 0.398 2.7 0.919 3.07 2,713.00 44.20 4.27 4.40 106.47 1.13 2.00 0.654 3.5 an 0.634 (6.62) 5.53 10,514.00 44.07 62.07 42.36 0.53 3.00 0.736 3.6 0.639 va Tunisia 9.53 4.80 3,144.00 52.60 0.80 12.60 49.93 1.27 1.93 0.683 4.3 0.05 83 Turkey 9.87 4.00 5,356.00 53.47 0.80 5.33 35.60 2.73 2.00 0.679 4.4 0.255 84 Uganda 7.67 6.93 380.00 105.40 10.87 3.93 17.00 1.87 4.13 0.422 2.5 0.922 85 Ukraine 5.27 2.33 1,036.00 45.33 1.33 14.40 29.93 7.73 (0.80) 0.71 2.4 0.422 ht 2.40 jm vb 139.64 - 1.82 k n y te re th Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 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77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn om 70 l.c gm - C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to No 86 NATION United Kingdom ANS GDPGR GDPPC AGE AGRI XR MS ONM UBGR HDI CPI ELF85 6.93 2.60 28,034.00 52.40 0.73 11.33 119.53 2.67 0.47 0.849 7.6 0.389 p ie gh United States 6.73 2.53 37,330.00 50.20 2.40 6.07 73.00 2.73 1.33 0.902 7.1 0.575 88 3.73 3.07 9,097.00 59.20 9.86 2.93 41.67 0.64 0.33 0.765 6.9 0.357 89 Uruguay Venezuela, RB 4.87 2.53 5,528.00 59.27 88.36 21.13 3.21 2.27 0.696 0.524 90 Vietnam 14.87 7.07 723.00 54.47 21.85 58.93 0.77 3.00 0.572 2.7 0.231 w 87 - n lo 2.46 ad th Source: Summary of the author from World Bank data, UN, UNDP yj ip uy an lu la va n ll fu oi m at nh z z ht vb k jm om l.c gm an Lu n va y te re th 71 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 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77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to REGRESSION RESULTS (Table 4.10) p ie gh a ANS_GDPGR w n Dependent Variable: ANS Method: Least Squares Date: 10/17/12 Time: 21:39 Sample: 90 Included observations: 89 lo ad Coefficient Std Error th Variable yj 0.923754 8.177759 0.017524 -0.175551 1.563716 -0.170542 9.429814 ip uy GDPGR HDI MS XR UBGR AGE C Prob 1.851807 0.899712 1.664101 -5.452349 2.555439 -1.971786 0.814385 0.0677 0.3709 0.0999 0.0000 0.0125 0.0520 0.4178 Mean dependent var S.D dependent var Akaike info criterion Schwarz criterion Hannan-Quinn criter Durbin-Watson stat va n ll fu 9.483602 7.966301 6.552013 6.747748 6.630908 2.103193 oi m 0.441393 0.400519 6.168000 3119.627 -284.5646 10.79894 0.000000 an R-squared Adjusted R-squared S.E of regression Sum squared resid Log likelihood F-statistic Prob(F-statistic) lu la 0.498839 9.089303 0.010531 0.032197 0.611917 0.086491 11.57906 t-Statistic at nh ANS-GDPPC z b z ht vb Dependent Variable: ANS Method: Least Squares Date: 10/17/12 Time: 21:41 Sample: 90 Included observations: 90 k jm 0.0008 0.0181 0.0000 0.2424 R-squared Adjusted R-squared S.E of regression Sum squared resid Log likelihood F-statistic Prob(F-statistic) 0.324352 0.300783 6.747587 3915.574 -297.4853 13.76176 0.000000 Mean dependent var S.D dependent var Akaike info criterion Schwarz criterion Hannan-Quinn criter Durbin-Watson stat 9.321439 8.069425 6.699674 6.810776 6.744477 2.021608 y te re 3.460391 2.410493 -5.135126 -1.177187 0.590300 0.511704 0.033785 5.649369 n 2.042668 1.233458 -0.173489 -6.650364 va LOG(GDPPC) UBGR XR C an Prob Lu t-Statistic om Coefficient Std Error l.c gm Variable th 72 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77t@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn.Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhddtt@edu.gmail.com.vn.bkc19134.hmu.edu.vn C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an C.33.44.55.54.78.65.5.43.22.2.4 22.Tai lieu Luan 66.55.77.99 van Luan an.77.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.37.99.44.45.67.22.55.77.C.33.44.55.54.78.655.43.22.2.4.55.22 Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an.Tai lieu Luan van Luan an Do an tn to c ANS-AGRI p ie gh w Dependent Variable: ANS Method: Least Squares Date: 10/17/12 Time: 21:43 Sample: 90 Included observations: 90 n ad Coefficient Std Error t-Statistic Prob -0.144045 -0.194603 1.952435 0.009654 -0.192838 20.86654 -2.269896 -5.793823 3.464497 0.952053 -2.987319 5.912747 0.0258 0.0000 0.0008 0.3438 0.0037 0.0000 th yj ip uy AGRI XR UBGR MS AGE C lo Variable Mean dependent var S.D dependent var Akaike info criterion Schwarz criterion Hannan-Quinn criter Durbin-Watson stat an va n 9.321439 8.069425 6.595502 6.762156 6.662707 2.059193 ll fu 0.417659 0.382996 6.338501 3374.834 -290.7976 12.04909 0.000000 lu la R-squared Adjusted R-squared S.E of regression Sum squared resid Log likelihood F-statistic Prob(F-statistic) 0.063459 0.033588 0.563555 0.010141 0.064552 3.529077 oi m nh d ANS_ONM at z z Dependent Variable: ANS Method: Least Squares Date: 10/17/12 Time: 21:45 Sample: 90 Included observations: 90 ht vb 0.270356 0.226925 7.095015 4228.496 -300.9451 6.224941 0.000059 Mean dependent var S.D dependent var Akaike info criterion Schwarz criterion Hannan-Quinn criter Durbin-Watson stat 9.321439 8.069425 6.821002 6.987656 6.888207 2.238552 y te re R-squared Adjusted R-squared S.E of regression Sum squared resid Log likelihood F-statistic Prob(F-statistic) n 0.0301 0.0837 0.0193 0.3399 0.0132 0.0489 va -2.205683 -1.750152 2.385695 0.959875 2.532981 1.998892 0.061638 0.071622 0.625828 0.012072 0.420671 4.589746 an -0.135953 -0.125349 1.493034 0.011587 1.065553 9.174407 Lu ONM AGE UBGR MS CPI C om Prob l.c gm t-Statistic k Coefficient Std Error jm Variable th e ANS-GDPGR (developing countries) 73 Stt.010.Mssv.BKD002ac.email.ninhd 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