uml™ 2 toolkit

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UML 2 Toolkit
- Cover
Contents
OMG Press Books in Print
About the OMG
2003 OMG Press Advisory Board
Preface for the Second Edition
About the Authors
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1 What Is UML?
- The Purpose of Modeling
- Software Development, Methods, and Models
  - The Method Wars
  - Acceptance of UML
  - The Object Management Group
  - Unified Modeling Language Elements
  - Methods and Modeling Languages
- Object-Oriented Software Development
  - Concepts of Object Orientation
  - Business Engineering
- Disciplines of System Development
  - Requirements
  - Analysis
  - Design
  - Implementation
  - Test
- Relevant Changes in UML 2
- Summary
Chapter 2 An Overview of UML
- Views
  - Use-Case View
  - Logical View
  - Implementation View
  - Process View
  - Deployment View
- Diagrams
  - Use-Case Diagram
  - Class Diagram
  - Object Diagram
  - State Machines
  - Activity Diagram
  - Interaction Diagrams
    - Sequence Diagram
    - Communication Diagram
    - Interaction Overview Diagram
  - Component Diagram
  - Deployment Diagram
  - Composite Structure Diagram
- Model Elements
- General Mechanisms
  - Adornments
  - Comments
  - Specifications
- Extending UML
  - Stereotypes
  - Tagged Values
  - Constraints
- Model Driven Architecture with UML
- Software Development Process and UML
- Tools
  - Drawing Support
  - Model Repository
  - Navigation
  - Multiuser Support
  - Code Generation
  - Reverse Engineering
  - Integration
  - Interchange of Models
  - Tool Options
- Summary
Chapter 3 Use-Case Modeling
- Basics of Use Cases
- Use-Case Diagram
- System
- Actors
  - Finding Actors
  - Actors in UML
  - Relationships between Actors
- Use Cases
  - Finding Use Cases
  - Use Cases in UML
  - Relationships between Use Cases
  - Generalization Relationship
  - Extend Relationship
  - Include Relationship
- Organizing Use Cases
- Describing Use Cases
- Assessing Use Cases
- Testing Use Cases
- Use Cases and Requirements Management
- Realizing Use Cases
- Summary
Chapter 4 Classes, Objects, and Their Relationships
- Classes and Objects
- Class Diagram
  - Finding Classes
  - Name Compartment
  - Attributes Compartment
  - Java Implementation
  - Operations Compartment
  - Using Primitive Types
- Relationships
- Associations
  - Normal Association
  - Object Diagram
  - Recursive Association
  - Roles in an Association
  - Qualified Association
  - Xor Constraint
  - Ordered Association
  - Association Class
  - Ternary Association
  - Aggregation
    - Aggregate
    - Shared Aggregation
    - Composition Aggregation
- Generalization
- Basic Generalization
- Advanced Generalization
  - Generalization Set
  - Powertype
- Dependencies and Abstractions
- Constraints, Expressions, and Derivations
- Interfaces and Ports
  - Ports
- Packages
- Templates
- Summary
Chapter 5 Dynamic Modeling
- State Machines
  - States and Transitions
    - Event-Signature
    - Guard-Condition
    - Action-Expression
    - Send-Clause
  - Events
- Sending Messages Between State Machines
  - Substates
  - Entry, Exit, and Terminate Indicators
  - History Indicator
- Activity Diagrams
  - Actions and Edges
  - Activity Partitions
  - Objects
  - Signals
  - Pins
  - Business Modeling with Activity Diagrams
  - Sequence Diagrams
    - Generic and Instance Form
    - Concurrent Objects
    - Combined Fragments
    - Interaction Occurrences
    - Creating and Destroying Objects
    - Recursion
  - Interaction Overviews
  - Communication Diagrams
  - Message Labels
  - Using Communication Diagrams
- Summary
Chapter 6 Advanced Dynamic Modeling Illustrated by Real-Time Systems
- What Is a Real-Time System?
  - Attributes of a Real-Time System
  - Types of Real-Time Systems
- Concepts in UML for Real-Time Systems
  - Active Classes and Active Objects
    - Active Class Implementation
    - Active Object Interactions
  - Communication
    - Events and Triggers
    - Signals
    - Messages
  - Synchronization and Concurrency
    - Synchronization Issues
    - Synchronization Mechanisms
  - Fault Tolerance
  - Implementation in Java
- UML Time Elements
- Real-Time Modeling in UML Diagrams
  - Activity Diagrams
    - The Token Flow Model in Activity Diagrams
    - Chocolate Factory: Streaming Input and Output Example
    - Processing Applications: Expansion Regions and Structured Activities
    - Investment Simulation: Interruptible Regions and Storage
  - House Alarm: Static Structure for Dynamic Messages
    - Static Diagrams
    - Detailed Activity Diagram Showing Message Handling
    - Communication Diagrams
    - Basic Sequence Diagram
    - Advanced Sequence Diagrams with Combined Fragments
    - Timing Diagrams
  - Behavioral State Machines
    - Handling Active Classes and Objects
    - State Machine Regions and Concurrency
    - Handling Triggers on Events in Composite States
    - Transitions and Synchronization
    - Complex State Machines and Run-to-Completion Semantics
    - State Machine Redefinition and Reuse
  - Protocol State Machines
- Advanced Modeling, Design, and Optimization
- Design Overview
- Modeling Processes and Threads with Objects
- Designing Active Classes
- Design and the Implementation Environment
- Approaches to Showing Behavioral Diagrams
- Performance Optimization
- Design Optimization
- Optimization and the Operating System
- Summary
Chapter 7 Representing Architecture
- Logical Architecture
  - Logical Architecture Structure
    - Components
    - Collaborations
    - Composite Structure Diagrams
  - Patterns in Architecture
  - The Proxy Pattern
- Modeling Patterns in UML
  - Showing Patterns in Diagrams
  - Patterns and Use Cases
- Physical Architecture
  - Hardware
  - Software
- Component Diagram
- Deployment Diagram
  - Nodes
  - Communication Paths
  - Deployed Artifacts
- Allocating Artifacts to Nodes
- Summary
Chapter 8 Extending UML
- Standard Extensions Overview
- Tagged Values and Properties
  - Standard Tag Value Examples
  - Tag Value from a Profile
  - Defining Your Own Tagged Values
- Stereotypes
  - Creating a Stereotype
  - Examples of UML Stereotypes
    - Metainformation
    - Dependency Stereotypes
    - Customization with Components
    - Stereotypes Applied to Deployment Artifacts
    - Utility
    - Use Case Stereotypes
    - Signal
    - Control, Boundary, and Entity
    - Stereotypes for Creation and Destruction
  - Retired Standard Stereotypes
  - Defining Your Own Stereotypes
- Constraints
  - Examples of UML Constraints
    - Constraints for Associations
    - Constraints for Association Roles and Properties
  - Defining Your Own Constraints
- A Language for Expressing Constraints
  - OCLMetamodel
  - Basic Structure of OCL Expressions
  - Invariants, Preconditions, and Postconditions
- Language Architecture and Kernel Overview
  - High-Level Language Constructs
  - Reviewing the UML Kernel
  - The Profile Package
  - Architecture Overview Summary and Observations
- Summary
Chapter 9 Model Driven Architecture
- MDAEvolution and Goals
  - Background and General Goals
  - Model Levels
  - Model Compilers
  - Mapping the Many Elements of MDA
- From the Business Model to PIM and PSM
  - The High-Level Review
  - Defining Functionality with No Platform
  - Platform-Specific Models
  - Information Management Solution
- Tips for Modeling in the MDAWorld
  - Modeling for Business and Functional Analysis
  - Modeling for the Software Architect
  - Modeling for the Developer
- High-Level Assessment of MDA Opportunities
  - Opportunities
    - A Necessary Evolutionary Step for Increased Coordination
    - Cost-Aware MDA
  - Warnings
    - Too Much Modeling Overhead and Complexity
    - Lack of Universality in Tool Implementation
    - Untested Behavioral Modeling
    - Misuse of MDA
- Summary
Chapter 10 A Process for Using UML
- Defining and Understanding Software-Engineering Processes
  - Process Context
  - Process User
  - Process Steps
    - Problem Formulation
    - Solution Design
    - Implementation Design
  - Process Evaluation
- The Basis for a UML Process
  - Use-Case-Driven Systems
  - Architecture-Centric Approach
  - Iterative Approach
  - Incremental Approach
- A Traditional Object-Oriented Method
  - Requirements
  - Analysis
  - Design
  - Implementation
  - Test
- The Unified Process
  - The Life Cycle
  - Inception
  - Elaboration
  - Construction
  - Transition
  - Comparing the Unified Process to a Traditional Process
- Process Tools
- Model Quality
  - What Is a Good Model?
  - Can You Communicate the Model?
    - Does the Model Fit Its Purpose?
    - Does the Model Capture the Essentials?
    - Naming Conventions
  - Model Coordination
  - Model Complexity
- Summary
Chapter 11 Case Study
- Requirements
  - Developing a Vision
  - Modeling Use Cases
  - Establishing the Domain Model
- Analysis
  - Performing Use-Case Analysis
  - Not UML? How Can That Be?
- Design
  - Designing the Architecture
    - System Structure
    - Architectural Mechanisms
    - Design Patterns
    - Design Policies
  - Performing Detailed Design
    - business Package
    - presentation Package
    - Use-Case Design
  - Designing the User Interface
- Implementation
- Test and Deployment
- Summary
- Exercises
  - Requirements and Analysis Exercises
  - Design and Construction Exercises
Appendix A Visual Glossary
Appendix B Glossary
Appendix C References
Appendix D What's on the CD-ROM?
Index
End-User License Agreement
GNU General Public License
Team DDU

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[...]... 20 7 20 7 20 8 21 0 21 3 21 6 21 6 22 1 22 3 22 3 22 4 22 7 23 0 23 1 23 1 23 2 23 4 23 5 23 6 23 8 23 9 24 1 24 2 24 2 24 3 ix x Contents Design and the Implementation Environment Approaches to Showing Behavioral Diagrams Performance Optimization Design Optimization Optimization and the Operating System 24 4 24 4 24 6 24 7 24 7 Relevant Changes in UML 2 Summary Chapter 7 24 8 24 9 Representing Architecture Logical Architecture 25 1... 25 1 25 4 Logical Architecture Structure Components Collaborations Composite Structure Diagrams Patterns in Architecture The Proxy Pattern Modeling Patterns in UML Showing Patterns in Diagrams Patterns and Use Cases Physical Architecture Hardware Software Component Diagram Deployment Diagram Nodes Communication Paths Deployed Artifacts 25 4 25 5 25 7 25 8 25 8 26 1 26 3 26 6 26 9 27 0 27 0 27 1 27 2 27 3 27 4 27 5 27 5... Profile Package Architecture Overview Summary and Observations 29 5 29 8 29 9 29 9 301 3 02 3 02 303 304 306 306 308 308 310 310 3 12 318 321 Relevant Changes in UML 2 Summary Chapter 9 321 322 Model Driven Architecture MDA Evolution and Goals 325 326 Background and General Goals Model Levels Model Compilers Mapping the Many Elements of MDA 326 329 3 32 333 From the Business Model to PIM and PSM 335 The High-Level... Examples of UML Stereotypes Metainformation Dependency Stereotypes Customization with Components Stereotypes Applied to Deployment Artifacts Utility Use Case Stereotypes Signal 28 4 28 5 28 6 28 7 28 7 28 9 28 9 28 9 29 0 29 1 29 2 29 3 29 3 Contents Control, Boundary, and Entity Stereotypes for Creation and Destruction Retired Standard Stereotypes Defining Your Own Stereotypes Constraints Examples of UML Constraints... Signals Messages Synchronization and Concurrency Synchronization Issues Synchronization Mechanisms Fault Tolerance Implementation in Java 193 194 194 195 197 198 199 20 0 20 1 20 2 20 3 20 4 UML Time Elements Real-Time Modeling in UML Diagrams 20 5 20 6 Activity Diagrams The Token Flow Model in Activity Diagrams Chocolate Factory: Streaming Input and Output Example Processing Applications: Expansion Regions and... Paths Deployed Artifacts 25 4 25 5 25 7 25 8 25 8 26 1 26 3 26 6 26 9 27 0 27 0 27 1 27 2 27 3 27 4 27 5 27 5 Allocating Artifacts to Nodes Relevant Changes in UML 2 Summary Chapter 8 27 6 27 7 27 8 Extending UML Standard Extensions Overview Tagged Values and Properties 28 1 28 2 28 3 Standard Tag Value Examples Tag Value from a Profile Defining Your Own Tagged Values Stereotypes Creating a Stereotype Examples of UML Stereotypes... Generalization Set Powertype Dependencies and Abstractions Constraints, Expressions, and Derivations Interfaces and Ports Java Implementation Ports 115 116 123 123 125 126 128 131 133 134 Packages Templates Relevant Changes in UML 2 Summary Chapter 5 135 140 141 1 42 Dynamic Modeling State Machines 145 147 States and Transitions Event-Signature Guard-Condition Action-Expression Send-Clause Events Java Implementation... Relevant Changes in UML 2 Summary 147 151 1 52 153 154 155 157 159 160 161 1 62 163 163 166 168 169 170 171 173 174 174 176 176 179 179 180 180 1 82 183 185 188 188 Contents Chapter 6 Advanced Dynamic Modeling Illustrated by Real-Time Systems What Is a Real-Time System? Attributes of a Real-Time System Types of Real-Time Systems Concepts in UML for Real-Time Systems 191 191 1 92 1 92 193 Active Classes and... Interface Implementation Test and Deployment Summary Exercises Requirements and Analysis Exercises Design and Construction Exercises 403 404 404 406 407 409 410 411 411 4 12 415 415 418 420 420 420 421 Appendix A Visual Glossary 423 Appendix B Glossary 461 Appendix C References 475 Appendix D What’s on the CD-ROM? 479 Index 485 End-User License Agreement 513 GNU General Public License 515 xiii OMG Press... Herzum and Oliver Sims, ISBN: 0-471- 327 60-3 ■ ■ Business Modeling with UML: Business Patterns at Work by Hans-Erik Eriksson and Magnus Penker, ISBN: 0-471 -29 551-5 ■ ■ Common Warehouse Metamodel Developer’s Guide by John Poole, Dan Chang, Douglas Tolbert, and David Mellor, ISBN: 0-471 -20 243-6 ■ ■ CORBA 3 Fundamentals and Programming, 2nd Edition by Jon Siegel, ISBN: 0-471 -29 518-3 ■ ■ CORBA Design Patterns . 19 Views 21 Use-Case View 22 Logical View 23 Implementation View 23 Process View 23 Deployment View 24 Diagrams 24 Use-Case Diagram 24 Class Diagram 25 Object Diagram 25 State Machines 26 Activity. Diagrams 26 6 Patterns and Use Cases 26 9 Physical Architecture 27 0 Hardware 27 0 Software 27 1 Component Diagram 27 2 Deployment Diagram 27 3 Nodes 27 4 Communication Paths 27 5 Deployed Artifacts 27 5 Allocating. Storage 21 3 House Alarm: Static Structure for Dynamic Messages 21 6 Static Diagrams 21 6 Detailed Activity Diagram Showing Message Handling 22 1 Interaction Diagrams 22 3 Communication Diagrams 22 3 Basic

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uml™ 2 toolkit