dialogue editing for motion pictures a guide to the invisible art

[...]... trouble adapting to the genre and style of a typical research article in the social sci­ ences; such articles initially seemed to me to be as dry and unpalatable as week-old French bread Only later did I learn that their generic form re­ flected social scientists' desire to ally themselves with the hard sciences and to appreciate how the form facilitated clear presentation of research and aided comparison... true dialogism—they are a rhetorical device rather than true dialogue they do show how fundamental dialogue is to the practice of ar­ gumentation: To make an effective argument, it is important to anticipate and respond to the reader's response 14 BRAXLEY In a peer reviewed journal, dialogism is built right into the writing and publication process: The journal editor sends the article to various review­... second language learning as learners learn language and literacy in integrated mainstream classrooms and as they become legitimate participants of their learning environments Of particular interest to her are collaborative interactions between native speakers of English and non-native speakers Alex Kostogriz is on the Faculty of Education at Monash University in Aus­ tralia He has been involved in EFL and... cultural worlds into exis­ tence, maintain them, and shape them for our own purposes In using lan­ guage to participate in our activities, we reflect our understanding of them and their larger cultural contexts At the same time, we create spaces for ourselves as individual actors within them Second, it locates learning in social interaction rather than in the head of the individual learner In learning a. .. Cincinnati, Harvard University, and Ohio State University Her research interests encompass critical ap­ proaches to second language learning involving gender, agency, and dis­ cursive practice Lindsay Amthor Yotsukura is an Associate Professor and Coordinator of the Japanese Language Program at the University of Maryland, College Park She also serves as Graduate Director for the new MA degree program in... of native and foreign languages in a variety of set­ tings and interactions, they explain that children's awareness emerges as a multivoiced, rather than a unified, construct Dufva and Alanen's analyses 6 HALL, VITANOVA, MARCHENKOVA demonstrate that the child's metalinguistic awareness is, in a significant way, a heteroglossic phenomenon, as Bakhtin would term it In other words, it reflects traces... cultural historical activity theory, Latino issues, and the role of drama and other ar­ tistic activities in the identity formation of second language learners Chris Iddings is Assistant Professor of Language and Literacy at the Uni­ versity of Nevada, Las Vegas Her scholarly interests include second lan­ guage and literacy learning and sociocultural theory Her latest research focuses on the social and cognitive... published since the process began Often, a journal will continue the dialogue after publication of an article by publishing others' responses to the original article For example, in pre­ paring to write this chapter, I researched how others had used Bakhtin's theories in their work and came across an article titled "Individualism, Aca­ demic Writing, and ESL Writers," by Ramanathan and Atkinson (1999),... ensuring that speakers of a lan­ guage will be able to understand one another On the other hand, centrifu­ gal forces keep a language alive and allow for the creation of new genres.1 Speech genres, then, are an outcome of the clash between centripetal and centrifugal forces, which causes language to fracture into new genres Although Bakhtin (1986) described speech genres as "relatively stable," he also noted... genres we experience, the 4 HALL, VITANOVA, MARCHENKOVA more enriched is our ability to understand and participate in social life For, according to Bakhtin, in orienting toward us, others' utterances project a potentially new space for us that we can evaluate, draw on, and make our own Where there are few possibilities for others to orient to us, "there are no tools for living in that place" (Emerson, 1997, . PREFACE Naomi Silverman for her constant encouragement and patient assistance and Lori Hawver, Erica Kica and the other folks at Lawrence Erlbaum Asso- ciates for their care and attention . Yotsukura is an Associate Professor and Coordinator of the Japanese Language Program at the University of Maryland, College Park. She also serves as Graduate Director for the new MA . Bakhtin on Second 1 and Foreign Language Learning Joan Kelly Hall, Gergana Vitanova, and Ludmila Marchenkova PART I: INVESTIGATIONS INTO CONTEXTS OF LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING 2