interactions of yeasts, moulds, and antifungal agents how to detect resistance

[...]... efficacious and less toxic triazoles [12] Primary use of ketoconazole is for dermatophyte and Candida superficial skin infections Comments There is little use of ketoconazole outside of treatment of dermatophyte infections, cutaneous Candida infections, and tinea versicolor With the advent of new azoles and echinocandins that offer broader spectrum coverage with lesser toxicity, use of ketoconazole is... Section of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Clinical Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA e-mail: hallg@ccf.org J.A Sekeres, Pharm.D • E Neuner, Pharm.D Pharmacy Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA J.O Hall, D.P.M Staff Emeritus, Section of Podiatric Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA G.S Hall (ed.), Interactions of Yeasts, Moulds, and Antifungal Agents: How to. .. chromoblastomycosis 1.2.4 Spectrum of Activity The spectrum of activity of 5-FC includes most species of Candida (except for C krusei) and C neoformans and Saccharomyces spp Dematiaceous moulds, responsible for chromoblastomycosis may also be susceptible, such as Phialophora and Cladosporium Aspergillus spp., the Zygomycetes, and dermatophytes are all intrinsically resistant to 5-FC [53] 1 Antifungal Agents. .. Cleveland, OH, USA Audrey Wanger, Ph.D Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX, USA xiii Chapter 1 Antifungal Agents Gerri S Hall, Jennifer A Sekeres, Elizabeth Neuner, and James O Hall Abstract This chapter lists the formulations for and primary uses of, and the mechanisms and spectrum of activity for the major classes of antifungal agents Interpretation of laboratory... outside of treatment of dermatophyte infections, cutaneous Candida infections, and tinea versicolor With the advent of new azoles and echinocandins that offer more broad-spectrum coverage with lesser toxicity, use of miconazole is limited There are, however, more recent studies in the literature advocating miconazole for first-line treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis [24] 1.3.1.3 Ketoconazole Brand Name/Formulations... of Candida and rare isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans Among the moulds, primary resistance is a characteristic of Aspergillus terreus [7], some species of Fusarium, and members of the Scedosporium genus (including Pseudallescheria boydii) The mechanism for resistance to amphotericin is an alteration in the cell membrane ergosterol that leads to a lowered affinity of the drug due to a lack of appropriate... yeasts and moulds It has indications for use for prophylaxis in patients with risk for serious fungal infections; for empiric therapy in patients who have neutropenia and fever; for treatment of candidiasis including candidal esophagitis and hepatosplenic candidiasis; for severe candidiasis including candidemia, endophthalmitis, and osteomyelitis; and for treatment of aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, and. .. associated with the application of Monistat-Derm Resistance Cross -resistance with other azoles can occur, especially in strains of C glabrata In more recent studies, clinical isolates of Candida spp have been shown to be 1 Antifungal Agents 15 susceptible to miconazole even in isolates that have developed fluconazole resistance and when isolates are exposed to increasing concentrations of miconazole in vitro... compared to conventional amphotericin 1.1.1.4 Spectrum of Activity Amphotericin has a broad spectrum of activity against most yeasts, Aspergillus spp and other hyaline and dematiaceous moulds and systemic dimorphic moulds to include: Candida sp with the possible exception of rare isolates of C lusitaniae [4] Cryptococcus neoformans Aspergillus sp (with exception of A terreus) [7] Other hyaline moulds,. .. cream, tablet, and shampoo available in USA Primary Uses Used for the topical treatment of tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea pedis; treatment of tinea versicolor; treatment of cutaneous candidiasis and seborrheic dermatitis Spectrum of Activity Dermatophyte infections caused by Trichophyton rubrum, T mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum; Candida spp.; Malassezia furfur Ketoconazole does . w1 h0" alt="" Interactions of Yeasts, Moulds, and Antifungal Agents Gerri S. Hall Editor Interactions of Yeasts, Moulds, and Antifungal Agents How to Detect Resistance Editor Gerri S. Hall,. Pathology , University of Texas Medical School , Houston , TX , USA Contributors 1 G.S. Hall (ed.), Interactions of Yeasts, Moulds, and Antifungal Agents: How to Detect Resistance, DOI 10.1007/978-1-59745-134-5_1,. designed to cover the topic of antifungal agents and resistance detection in fungal organisms, both yeasts and molds. One chapter is devoted to a description of the most used antifungal agents,