Tl môn tiếng anh chuyên ngành i

TIỂU LUẬN MÔN TIẾNG ANH CHUYÊN NGÀNH I I LISTENING Transcript School districts around the United States were not ready for online learning when the coronavirus health crisis hit – and it affected students Research on test scores over the past year suggests that students' learning slowed down A study by the Center for Reinventing Public Education (CRPE) pointed to school closures and the switch to remote learning as likely reasons for the problem Lawmakers and parents have said the return to in-person classes is important for this school year But education experts say online classes are here to stay and that students need to know how to learn online to be prepared for college and the workforce Christine Pitts is an education expert with CRPE She said that it is hard to judge the effectiveness of last year's remote learning Many school districts had to make a quick change to remote classes during the health crisis and were not prepared "We know that virtual learning is not going to go away in a postCOVID world," Pitts said "But we also know that it cannot be the same as emergency learning." Pitts said there is little research on how to structure online classes She said few education researchers have looked at online teaching methods at the kindergarten through 12th grade level "Not having that evidence makes it really hard for systems leaders, for teachers, for superintendents to make those decisions about how to design remote learning moving forward," Pitts said Educators have some research about how to structure online learning For example, research suggests that children learn better when they can physically move around Online classes could support this kind of behavior by asking students to take walks or activities away from the computer, argued Katie Taylor in the publication The Conversation She is a professor of learning sciences and human development at the University of Washington Learning the best methods for online teaching has taken some time, said Judy Perez She is an educator with 20 years of experience in online education at the kindergarten through 12th grade level She is also the head of iLearn Collaborative in Colorado It is a non-profit organization that trains teachers in online teaching methods Colorado passed a law in 2007 that expanded online and hybrid classes in the state Hybrid classes mix online and in-person instruction Perez began teaching virtual instruction in 2001 when "we didn't know what we were doing We were just trying to figure out, how we teach in this space?" But over time, she and other experts were able to develop training methods and measure student performance in online classrooms Last year, Perez said many teachers in the districts she worked with before the pandemic were surprised They found they were able to make the change from in- person to virtual learning quickly when the pandemic started She said, however, that student learning was affected by how well-trained a teacher was in online instruction "I think you would see a difference in student learning depending on how well- trained the teachers were and those that just jumped into this environment," Perez said Taking a lesson meant for the classroom and simply moving it online does not work, she said Teachers need to be able to use the online environment and computer technology to keep their students interested They also need to build relationships with their students, said Jill Pelligrini She also trains teachers for iLearn Collaborative "What we've been doing with our training is really focusing on that student engagement," Pellegrini said "How you build community? How you build relationships?" Pitts said that kids learning at home have made parents more involved in their child's schooling It has become easier for parents to see what their children are learning and how they are progressing They can ask teachers questions about what is being learned It is something "that we want to pull forward into whatever remote learning occurs" in the future, Pitts said Perez said that all students should have some experience with online learning Those that not will have a harder time when they go to college or enter workforce- training programs that use online instruction, she said Perez added she does not recommend fully online schooling But she said hybrid classes could be better for students needing special consideration like athletes and those with disabilities or health problems Pitts noted that there is little research about how to teach virtual classes, what classes are easier or harder to teach online, or what kinds of students are best for it "It's such an understudied type of teaching," she said I'm Dan Novak Dan Novak wrote this for VOA Learning English Mario Ritter, Jr was the editor Question Question 1-5: Decide if each of the statements below is TRUE/FALSE or NOT GIVEN CRPE’s research pointed out that school shutdown and the shift to virtual learning were likely causes of the student’s slowdown learning The immediate re-opening of traditional classrooms have been said to be vital for most schools by parents and legislators During the health crisis, plenty of school districts did not have arrangements for a rapid change to conventional learning E-learning is not going to fade away when the COVID pandemic is over, according to Pitts Pitts said that lots of education analysts have investigated online teaching approaches from the kindergarten to12th grade level Question 6-10: Fill in each gap with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS Because of not having that indication, systems leaders, instructors and (6)…………………………………….find it arduous to give verdict on building on- screen classroom model, according to Pitts A few studies about methods for organizing web-based classes have been done by professors For instance, study shows that youngsters learn better if they can (7) …………In the publication The Conversation, Katie Taylor, a lecturer of learning sciences and human development at the University of Washington, had an argument that online learning could also meet the above requirement Instructors in a virtual environment can ask learners to (8)……….or engage them in some non-computer related activities It has taken a while to find the best teaching methods for online classrooms, said Judy Perez She has worked for 20 years as an educationist in the field of (9)………… from kindergarten to 12th grade level Judy Perez is additionally the head of iLearn Collaborative - a non-profit organization in Colorado that educates teachers how to teach in a virtual environment In 2007, a law on enlargement (10) …………….classes was passed in Colorado Hybrid classes are the combination of face to face and virtual learning Question 11-15: Answers each question with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS 11 Besides being able to expand training approaches, what else could Perez and other educators after the period of educating online instruction? 12 How did people who used to work with Perez adapt to the switch to the online classroom model? 13 What was impacted by the quality of the teacher’s instruction in a virtual environment? 14 According to Jill Pelligrini, in addition to sustaining the interest, what an instructor also need to with students in online lessons? 15 What the teachers at iLearn Collaborative pay attention to during their training? Question 16-20: Matching information (Choose ONE letter for each question) 16 Parents A is not advocated fully by Perez 17 Perez B have become more aloof from child's schooling when kids learn at home 18 Online schooling C is in favor of full online learning and suggests hybrid classes instead 19 Hybrid classes D could be better for students possessing special techniques like athletes or those with no health needs 20 Pitts E said that students who not have any backgrounds with e-learning will be in difficulty when they attend university or enter the workforce-training agendas that use online instruction F remarked that there are few studies about teaching methods in virtual classrooms G might be superior for students requiring extraordinary attention and those with incapacities or health issues H have monitored children's progress with ease and also can inquire about learning- related issues when kids learn in virtual environment Answer Question 1-5: Decide if each of the statements below is TRUE/FALSE or NOT GIVEN CRPE’s research pointed out that school shutdown and the shift to virtual learning were likely causes of the student’s slowdown learning T (Research on test scores over the past year suggests that students' learning slowed down A study by the Center for Reinventing Public Education (CRPE) pointed to school closures and the switch to remote learning as likely reasons for the problem ) The immediate re-opening of traditional classrooms have been said to be vital for most schools by parents and legislators NG (Lawmakers and parents have said the return to in-person classes is important for this school year.) During the health crisis, plenty of school districts did not have arrangements for a rapid change to conventional learning F (Many school districts had to make a quick change to remote classes during the health crisis and were not prepared.) E-learning is not going to fade away when the COVID pandemic is over, according to Pitts T ("We know that virtual learning is not going to go away in a postCOVID world," Pitts said ) Pitts said that lots of education analysts have investigated online teaching approaches from the kindergarten to12th grade level F (She said few education researchers have looked at online teaching methods at the kindergarten through 12th grade level) Question 6-10: Fill in each gap with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS BẢN GỐC "Not having that evidence makes it really hard for systems leaders, for teachers, for (6) superintendents to make those decisions about how to design remote learning moving forward," Pitts said Educators have some research about how to structure online learning For example, research suggests that children learn better when they can (7) physically move around Online classes could support this kind of behavior by asking students to (8) take walks or activities away from the computer, argued Katie Taylor in the publication The Conversation She is a professor of learning sciences and human development at the University of Washington Learning the best methods for online teaching has taken some time, said Judy Perez She is an educator with 20 years of experience in (9) online education at the kindergarten through 12th grade level She is also the head of iLearn Collaborative in Colorado It is a non-profit organization that trains teachers in online teaching methods Colorado passed a law in 2007 that expanded (10) online and hybrid classes in the state Hybrid classes mix online and in-person instruction BẢN PARAPHRASE Because of not having that indication, systems leaders, instructors and (6)…………………………………….find it arduous to give verdict on building on- screen classroom model, according to Pitts A few studies about methods for organizing web-based classes have been done by professors For instance, study shows that youngsters learn better if they can (7) …………In the publication The Conversation, Katie Taylor, a lecturer of learning sciences and human development at the University of Washington, had an argument that online learning could also meet the above requirement Instructors in a virtual environment can ask learners to (8)……….or engage them in some non- computer related activities It has taken a while to find the best teaching methods for online classrooms, said Judy Perez She has worked for 20 years as an educationist in the field of (9)………… from kindergarten to 12th grade level Judy Perez is additionally the head of iLearn Collaborative - a non-profit organization in Colorado that educates teachers how to teach in a virtual environment In 2007, a law on enlargement (10) …………….classes was passed in Colorado Hybrid classes are the combination of face to face and virtual learning Question 11-15: Answers each question with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS 11 Besides being able to expand training approaches, what else could Perez and other educators after the period of educating online instruction ? measure student performance (But over time, she and other experts were able to develop training methods and measure student performance in online classrooms) 12 How did people who used to work with Perez adapt to the switch to the online classroom model ? quickly (Last year, Perez said many teachers in the districts she worked with before the pandemic were surprised They found they were able to make the change from in- person to virtual learning quickly when the pandemic started.) 13 What was impacted by the quality of the teacher’s instruction in a virtual environment? student learning (She said, however, that student learning was affected by how welltrained a teacher was in online instruction.) 14 According to Jill Pelligrini, in addition to sustaining the interest, what an instructor also need to with students in online lessons ? build relationships (Teachers need to be able to use the online environment and computer technology to keep their students interested They also need to build relationships with their students, said Jill Pelligrini.) 15 What the teachers at iLearn Collaborative pay attention to during their training? student engagement ("What we've been doing with our training is really focusing on that student engagement," Pellegrini said.) Question 16-20: Matching information (Choose ONE letter for each question) 16 Parents H (It has become easier for parents to see what their children are learning and how they are progressing They can ask teachers questions about what is being learned.) A is not advocated fully by Perez 17 Perez E (Perez said that all students should have some experience with online learning Those that not will have a harder time when they go to college or enter workforce- training programs that use online instruction, she said.) B have become more aloof from child's schooling when kids learn at home 18 Online schooling A (Perez added she does not recommend fully online schooling.) C is in favor of full online learning and suggests hybrid classes instead 19 Hybrid classes G 10 (But she said hybrid classes could be better for students needing special consideration like athletes and those with disabilities or health problems.) D could be better for students possessing special techniques like athletes or those with no health needs 20 Pitts F E said that students who not have any backgrounds learning will be with e- in difficulty when they attend university or enter the workforce-training agendas that use online instruction (Pitts noted that there is little research about how to teach virtual classes) F remarked that there are few studies about teaching methods in virtual classrooms G might be superior for students requiring extraordinary attention and those with incapacities or health issues H have monitored children's progress with ease and also can inquire about learning- related issues when kids learn in virtual environment II READING READING: SUMMARIZE THE FOLLOWING NEWS IN YOUR OWN WORDS (100-150 WORDS) Germany's Olaf Scholz takes over from Merkel as chancellor Olaf Scholz has been sworn in as Germany's new chancellor, formally taking power after Angela Merkel's historic 16 years as leader He promised he would all he could to work towards a new start for Germany As she left the chancellery, ending a 31-year political career, Mrs Merkel told her former vice-chancellor to approach the task "with joy" 11 His centre-left Social Democrats will govern alongside the Greens and the business- friendly Free Democrats Mr Scholz, a soft-spoken 63-year-old, steered the Social Democrats to election victory in late September, positioning himself as the continuity candidate because he played a key role in the Merkel government as vicechancellor The German parliament, the Bundestag, backed him as chancellor by 395 votes to 303, and he was then formally appointed as the ninth federal chancellor by President Frank-Walter Steinmeier After the vote in parliament, he was asked by Bundestag President Bärbel Bas whether he accepted the appointment and said "yes" He later took the oath of office and, unlike his predecessor, he left out the religious reference "so help me God" Since the election, Mr Scholz's party has worked with the Greens and the Free Democrats on a coalition deal, which was finally signed on Tuesday All 16 ministers took the oath of office on Wednesday, becoming Germany's first cabinet to include as many women as men The new government has ambitious plans to fight climate change by phasing out coal early and focusing on renewable energy, but their initial priority will be tackling the coronavirus pandemic Health authorities have recorded another 69,601 cases in the past 24 hours and a further 527 deaths - the highest number since last winter Mr Scholz is already a known and trusted face in Berlin and Brussels He marketed himself to voters as sort of Merkel Mark Two, despite hailing from a different political party But it's not all about continuity, and friends and trade partners of this rich and powerful nation will be watching closely 12 Mr Scholz's coalition government is a never-before-seen marriage of convenience What unites them, they claim, is a determination to modernise Germany, while preserving the country's treasured stability Immediate challenges for them are: • Covid - Germany is in the midst of a pernicious fourth wave and considering mandatory vaccination • The threat of a Russian invasion of Ukraine • Angela Merkel was accused of putting trade before politics Team Scholz is expected to be somewhat tougher on Moscow and Beijing despite the potential economic hit to German business Relations with Washington may improve as a result, though, and that is a declared priority of Olaf Scholz's fledgling coalition Mr Scholz's first foreign trip as chancellor will be to Paris and Brussels on Friday He and Greens joint leader Annalena Baerbock, who becomes foreign minister, will have to respond to fears surrounding Russia's military build-up near the border with Ukraine Although Russia has denied plans to invade its neighbour, Angela Merkel agreed with US President Joe Biden and the leaders of the UK, France and Italy late on Tuesday that they would adopt a joint strategy to respond by imposing "significant and severe harm on the Russian economy" One obvious economic measure would be to threaten Russia's Nord Stream gas pipeline to Germany, which has been completed but is still awaiting approval from the German energy regulator US officials say they have reached an understanding with Germany that the pipeline would be shut down, which would be a significant intervention 13 In a message of congratulations to Mr Scholz, Russian President Vladimir Putin said he looked forward to constructive dialogue, and hoped that Germany continued to recognise "there's no alternative to dialogue" Leaving the chancellery in Berlin on Wednesday afternoon, Mrs Merkel was applauded by staff as she told her successor to take over and work for the good of Germany In turn he spoke of the crises that had brought them together and of the "deeply trusting collaboration" they had developed First elected in December 1990, Angela Merkel was immediately given a ministerial job by then Chancellor Helmut Kohl But she then helped oust him and became Christian Democrat leader in 2000, before becoming chancellor herself in November 2005 She will still have an office close to the Bundestag, in a flat that was once used by Margot Honecker, once dubbed the most powerful woman in communist East Germany  Mr Scholz, who led the Social Democrats to victory in the elections at the end of September, was nominated by President Frank-Walter Steinmeier as Germany's ninth federal chancellor Olaf Scholz has officially came to power after 16 years of historic leadership by Chancellor Angela Merkel The new government has plans to tackle climate change, but its initial priority will be controling the coronavirus pandemic In addition, the coalition government of Mr Scholz affirmed its assurance to modernize Germany, whereas keeping up the country’s valuable stability Currently, there are a number of challenges they have confronted such as:the fourth wave of the Covid pandemic, the threat of a Russian invasion of Ukraine and the alleged putting trade before politics In its stance, the Scholz Group is expected to take a tougher stance on Moscow and Beijing despite the potential economic impact on German business On Friday, Mr Scholz will have a first foreign trip as prime minister to Paris and Brussels He and Greens joint leader Annalena Baerbock, who 14 becomes secretary of state, will center on concerns around Russia's military build-up near the border with Ukraine III WRITING In some countries, age is considered an indicator of working experience and efficiency Senior staff often look down on young people and not appreciate their ideas Sometimes young employees are paid much lower than the old ones What you think about this? (200-250 words) In some nations, the criteria for evaluating work performance are based on the age of the workers Even young people receive a much lower salary than those who have worked for a long time in the company There are compelling reasons to understand why this is so, but personally, I not completely agree with the above notion On one hand, I agree that older workers should be respected and can get some preferential policies when working A typical example can be seen in Japan, one of the countries with an aging labor market Those who have been in the company for a long time will have accumulated experiences from the lessons of the past that the new young people have not been able to have When they have spent a long enough time in the company, they will be the ones who understand the working environment and have a reasonable way to deal with the company's style when problems arise However, not everyone who is older or worked longer can have these things In fact, there are people who have worked for a long time, but they are still not promoted because of incompetence On the other hand, I completely disagree with the view of belittling and underestimating the ideas and abilities of young workers Young people may not have enough experience, but in terms of thinking and creativity, this is a plus point for them Especially in today's digital age, young human resources are extremely necessary for any business Young employees will quickly 15 access technology and have new solutions to increase productivity Therefore, they will be the new breeze bringing new things that the elderly workers not have It can be seen that although Japan has experienced elderly employees in corporations and businesses, they always recruit a number of young employees both at home and abroad In short, I reckon that in a work environment, performance should not be judged solely on age There needs to be a certain fairness between older employees and young people in order for the working environment to maximize efficiency 16