REVIEW: BLOOD What is blood?

REVIEW: BLOOD What is blood? Blood    Blood is a specialized bodily fluid of animals Blood is circulated around the body through blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart Blood delivers necessary substances to the body’s cells (nutrients and oxygen) and transports waste products away from the cells What are the components of blood? The components of blood  plasma and blood cells How many types of blood cells are there? Types of blood cells red blood cells  white blood cells  platelets  What are the functions of blood? Functions of blood  Transportion (erythrocytes, plasma)  Protection (leucocytes)  Coagulation (platelets) Erythrocytes Anemia  What is anemia? Anemia  Anemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells is below normal What are the causes? Common causes    Heavy blood loss (bleeding): heavy menstrual bleeding, severe wounds,… Iron deficiency: low intake of iron or faulty iron absorption Excessive destruction of red cells: invading of infecting organism such as malarial parasite Types of anemia Types of anemia      Hemorrhagic anemia Iron deficiency anemia Hemolytic anemia Aplastic anemia Pernicious anemia What is pernicious anemia? Pernicious anemia  Malabsorption of dietary vitamin B12 which is required for the complete maturation of red blood cells What are the symptoms of pernicious anemia? Symptoms       A lemon-yellow of the skin A red sore tongue Symmetrical paraesthesiae Loss of vibration sense Weakness Ataxia  The yellow color of the skin may due to a combination of pallor and …………  Increasing red cell breakdown is one of the causes of………  Vitamin A deficiency may cause……… Translation  A blood transfusion is a procedure in which blood is given to a patient through an intravenous line in one of the blood vessels Blood transfusions are done to replace blood lost during surgery or a serious injury A transfusion may also be done if a person’s body can’t make blood properly because of an illness