VietJack com Facebook Học Cùng VietJack CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN A LÝ THUYẾT CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN) 1 Type 1 Câu điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai If clause Main clause If + S + V1[.]
VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN A LÝ THUYẾT CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN) Type 1:Câu điều kiện xảy tương lai If clause Main clause If + S + V1 / V s(es) S + will / can/ may + V1 (Nếu có not mượn trợ động từ: don’t / doesn’t + V1) (won’t / can’t + V1) Ex: If I find her address, I will send her an invitation.(Nếu tơi tìm thấy địa gửi cho cô giấy mời) If Mary doesn’t feel better tomorrow, she will see a doctor.( Nếu Mary cảm thấy khơng tốt vào ngày mai cô gặp bác sĩ) Type 2:Câu điều kiện khơng có thật If clause Main clause If + S + V-ed / V2 S + would / could / should + V1 (Nếu có not mượn trợ động từ: didn’t + V1) (wouldn’t / couldn’t + V1) To be: were / weren’t Ex: If I were you, I would tell the truth.( Nếu bạn tơi nói thật) If she knew your address, she would send you a letter.(Nếu cô biết địa bạn gửi cho bạn thứ) Type 3: Câu điều kiện khơng có thật q khứ If clause Main clause If + S + had + P.P S + would / could / should + have + P.P Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: VietJack TV Official VietJack.com (Nếu có not thêm not sau had: hadn’t + P.P) Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack (wouldn’t / couldn’t + have + P.P) Ex: If I had known the answer, I would have told her.(Nếu tơi biết câu trả lời tơi nói với ấy) I would have gotten the scholarship if I had studied harder.(Tơi có học bổng học hành chăm hơn) Những cách khác để diễn đạt câu điều kiện: a Unless = If….not(Trừ phi, nếu…không) If you don’t work hard, you can’t earn enough money for your living.(Nếu bạn không chăm bạn khơng đủ tiến để sinh sống) = Unless you work hard, you can’t earn enough money for your living b Suppose / Supposing (giả sử như), in case (trong trường hợp), even if (ngay khi, cho dù), as long as, so long as, provided (that), on condition (that) (miễn là, với điều kiện là) Suppose the news is true, what will you do?(Giả sử tin tức bạn làm gì?) I’ll change my decision provided that you accept my offer.(Tôi thay đổi định bạn chấp nhận đề nghị tôi) In case I forget, please remind me of my promise.(Trong trường hợp tơi qn làm ơn nhắc nhỡ lời hứa tôi) c Without: khơng có Without water, life wouldn’t exist.(Nếu khơng có nước, sống khơng tồn tại) = If there were no water, life wouldn’t exist Note: Có thể diễn tả câu điều kiện mà không cần dùng if hay unless cách đảo chủ ngữ sau should, were, had (Không làm với động từ khác) Were I rich, I would help you = If I were rich, I would help you Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: VietJack TV Official VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack Had I known her, I would have made friend with her = If I had known her, I would have made friend with her If you should run into Peter, tell him to call me = Should you run into Peter, tell him to call me Có thể kết hợp điều kiện điều kiện câu(Câu điều kiện pha trộn) Ex: If I hadn’t stayed up late last night, I wouldn’t be so tired now (Kinh nghiệm: Thường có trạng từ theo) You wouldn’t be so hungry if you had had breakfast this morning.(Kinh nghiệm: Hoặc khơng cho trạng từ ta dịch tình huống) Đơi đơn dùng cho hai mệnh đề câu điều kiện để diễn tả thật hiển nhiên; gọi zero conditional Ex: If we don’t water these flowers, they die.(Nếu khơng tưới nước cho chúng chết) Mệnh đề câu điều kiện loại câu đề nghị lời mời(Động từ mệnh lệnh) Ex: If you are wrong, I am right (Nếu bạn sai tơi đúng) If you see Peter at the meeting, please tell him to return my book.(Nếu bạn gặp Peter cược họp bảo anh gửi lại cho tơi sách) If you are free now, have a cup of coffee with me.(Nếu bạn rảnh uống càfê với tôi) Đổi từ if sang unless: IF UNLESS Khẳng định Khẳng định (động từ mệnh đề đổi sang phủ định) Phủ định Khẳng định (mệnh đề khơng thay đổi) Ex: If it had more rain, my crop would grow faster Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: VietJack TV Official VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack → Unless it had more rain, my crop wouldn’t grow faster.(Nếu trời khơng mưa nhiều mùa vụ tơi không tăng trưởng nhanh hơn) If she doesn’t work harder, she will fail the exam → Unless she works harder, she will fail the exam.(Nếu cô không chăm hỏng kiểm tra) Dạng câu: Mệnh lệnh + or + Clause - If you don’t + V1, Clause - If you aren’t + …, Clause Ex: Go away or I will call the police → If you don’t go away, I will call the police.(tự dịch) Be careful or you will cut yourself → If you aren’t careful, you will cut yourself.(tự dịch) B BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG Bài Chia động từ ngoặc If they (listen) carefully, they might hear the woodpecker If I had lain down on the sofa, I (fall) asleep Ngoc could have worked as a model if she (be) taller The soil (not/dry out) if you water the plants regularly If you (give) the young boy this stick, he’d hurt himself We (not/take) the wrong tram if Dzung had asked the policewoman If the cat hides in the tree, the dog (not/find) it The students would have solved the problem if they (use) their textbooks If he washed his feet more often, his girlfriend (visit) him more often 10 Manh (read) the newspaper if he went by train Đáp án listened; could have fallen; had been; won’t dry out; gave; wouldn’t have taken; won’t find; had used; would visit; 10 would read Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: VietJack TV Official VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack Bài Hoàn thành câu với từ cho sẵn (chú ý chia động từ) If/ you/ mix/ red/ blue/ get / purple If/ Arsenal/ win/ they/ be/ top/ the league It /rain/ we / cancel / the match You / take / first bus/ you/will/ get /there on time You / need more helpers/ I /can try / get some time off work Mary might / deliver your parcel / you /ask /her I / were / 20/ I would/ travel/ world Jim / lent / us / car / we / could / go / party We / would / save £3.50 a day / we didn’t / eat any lunch 10 Burglars/ broke/ into my house/ they / find any money Đáp án If you mix red and blue, you get purple If Arsenal wins, they’ll be top of the league If it rains, we will cancel the match If you take the first bus, you’ll get there on time If you need more helpers, I can try and get some time off work Mary might deliver your parcel if you ask her If I were 20, I would travel the world If Jim lent us his car, we could go to the party We would save £3.50 a day if we didn’t eat any lunch 10 If burglars broke into my house, they wouldn’t find any money C BÀI TẬP RÈN LUYỆN Bài 1: Hoàn thành câu với từ cho sẵn If we meet at 9:30, we (to have) plenty of time Lisa would find the milk if she (to look) in the fridge The zookeeper would have punished her with a fine if she (to feed) the animals If you spoke louder, your classmates (to understand) you Dan (to arrive) safe if he drove slowly You (to have) no trouble at school if you had done your homework If you (to swim) in this lake, you'll shiver from cold The door will unlock if you (to press) the green button If Mel (to ask) her teacher, he'd have answered her questions 10 I (to call) the office if I was/were you Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: VietJack TV Official VietJack.com Facebook: Học Cùng VietJack Bài 2: Hoàn thành câu với từ cho sẵn 1.If it (to be) warmer, we (to go) swimming My parents (to buy) this house if the man (not/to sell) it to someone else If he (not/to fail) his driving test, his parents (to lend) him their car If my uncle (to tell) me the way to his office, I (not/to arrive) so late She (to be) at the airport if she (to read) the message carefully Lucy (not/to hurt) her foot if she (not/to drop) the old box on it If you (to use) a sharp knife, you (not/to cut) yourself If Victoria (to celebrate) her birthday at home, I (to bring) her some flowers We (to take) the train to Edinburgh if it (to run) on time 10 If Max (not/to forget) his schoolbag, he (to give) you your USB flash drive Bài 3: Cho dạng động từ ngoặc: If I see him, I _ (give) him a gift If I had a typewriter, I _ (type) it myself If I had known that you were in hospital, I _ (visit) you You could make better progress if you _ (attend) class regularly If I _ (know) his telephone number, I’d give it to you If you _ (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat If he worked more slowly, he _ (not make) so many mistakes I shouldn’t drink that wine if I _ (be) you If I _ (find) a cheap room, I will stay a fortnight 10 A lot of people _ (be) out of work if the factory closed down 11 I (have) ………… plenty of money now if I (not/spend) ………… so much yesterday 12 If someone (give) …………….you a boat, what you (do) …………… ? 13 If you (press) CTRL + S, you (save) the file 14 The children (be) happy if he (teach) them English 15 If she (buy) a new hard disk, she (not/ lose) all data Học trực tuyến: khoahoc.vietjack.com Youtube: VietJack TV Official