IEC 61 747 20 1 Edition 1 0 201 5 02 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Liquid crystal display devices – Part 20 1 Visual inspection – Monochrome l iquid crystal display cells (excluding all active matrix l iquid[.]
I E C 61 47 -2 -1 ® Edition 201 5-02 I N TE RN ATI ON AL S TAN D ARD Li q u i d crys tal d i s pl a y d evi ces – P art -1 : Vi s u al i n s pecti on – M on och rom e l i q u i d crys tal d i s pl ay ce l l s IEC 61 747-20-1 :201 5-02(en) (e xcl u d i n g al l acti ve m atri x l i q u i d crys tal d i s pl a y cel l s ) T H I S P U B L I C AT I O N I S C O P YRI G H T P RO T E C T E D C o p yri g h t © I E C , G e n e v a , S wi tz e rl a n d All rights reserved Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester If you have any questions about I EC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local I EC member National Committee for further information IEC Central Office 3, rue de Varembé CH-1 21 Geneva 20 Switzerland Tel.: +41 22 91 02 1 Fax: +41 22 91 03 00 info@iec.ch www.iec.ch Ab ou t th e I E C The I nternational Electrotechnical Commission (I EC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes I nternational Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies Ab o u t I E C p u b l i ca ti o n s The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC Please make sure that you have the latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published I E C Catal og u e - webstore i ec ch /catal og u e The stand-alone application for consulting the entire bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other documents Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and iPad I E C pu bl i cati on s s earch - www i ec ch /search pu b The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…) It also gives information on projects, replaced and withdrawn publications E l ectroped i a - www el ectroped i a org The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) online I E C G l os sary - s td i ec ch /g l oss ary More than 60 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of IEC publications issued since 2002 Some entries have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and CISPR I E C J u st Pu bl i s h ed - webstore i ec ch /j u stpu bl i sh ed Stay up to date on all new IEC publications Just Published details all new publications released Available online and also once a month by email I E C C u stom er S ervi ce C en tre - webstore i ec ch /csc If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service Centre: csc@iec.ch I E C 61 47 -2 -1 ® Edition 201 5-02 I N TE RN ATI ON AL S TAN D ARD Li q u i d crys tal d i s pl a y d evi ce s – P art -1 : Vi s u al i n s pe cti on – M on och rom e l i q u i d crys tal d i s pl ay cel l s (excl u d i n g al l acti ve m atri x l i q u i d crys tal d i s pl a y ce l l s ) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 31 20 ISBN 978-2-8322-2256-0 Warn i n g ! M ake su re th a t you obtai n ed th i s pu bl i cati on from an au th ori zed d i s tri bu tor ® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission –2– I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 CONTENTS FOREWORD I NTRODUCTI ON Scope Norm ative references Terms, definitions and abbreviations Terms and definitions Abbreviations Visual inspection method and criteria Standard inspection conditions and methods Ambient conditions I nspection equipment and liquid crystal display cells I nspector and lim it sample for visual inspection I nspection and record of result Visual inspection of display Display not activated 2 Display activated Seal inspection 1 4 Contact pad area Chipped material at the borders and edges of support plates of cells Bibliograph y Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table Table 6 – Defects within the viewing area – Deviations of dimensions and shape e to e – Defects within segments – Defects within the sealing area 1 – Defects of contact pad area – Damage of a corner and an edge – Visual defects to be inspected – Properties of display area to be inspected – Defects of display area to be inspected – Defects of viewing area to be inspected – Defects of sealing area to be inspected 1 – Visual defects of contact pad area to be inspected – Defects of pin to be inspected – Defects of lead to be inspected – Defects of support plate to be inspected I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 –3– INTERNATI ONAL ELECTROTECHNI CAL COMMISSI ON L I Q U I D C RYS TAL D I S P L AY D E VI C E S – P a rt -1 : Vi s u a l i n s p e c ti o n – M o n o c h ro m e l i q u i d c rys ta l d i s p l a y c e l l s ( e x c l u d i n g a l l a c ti ve m a t ri x l i q u i d c rys ta l d i s p l a y c e l l s ) FOREWORD ) The I nternati on al Electrotechni cal Comm ission (I EC) is a worl d wid e organization for stan dardization com prisin g all n ation al el ectrotechnical comm ittees (I EC National Comm ittees) The object of I EC is to prom ote internati onal co-operation on all questions concerni ng stand ardi zati on in the el ectrical an d electronic fields To this end and in additi on to other acti vities, I EC publish es I nternational Stan dards, Techn ical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicl y Avail abl e Specificati ons (PAS) and Gu ides (h ereafter referred to as “I EC Publication(s)”) Thei r preparation is entrusted to technical comm ittees; any I EC National Comm ittee interested in the subj ect dealt with m ay partici pate in this preparatory work I nternational, governm ental an d n on governm ental organ izations l iaising with th e I EC also participate i n this preparation I EC collaborates closel y with the I nternational Organi zation for Stand ardization (I SO) in accordance with ditions determ ined by agreem ent between th e two organi zati ons 2) The form al decisions or ag reem ents of I EC on tech nical m atters express, as n early as possible, an i nternati onal consensus of opi nion on the rel evant subjects since each technical com m ittee has representati on from all interested I EC N ational Com m ittees 3) I EC Publications have the form of recomm endations for intern ational use an d are accepted by I EC National Com m ittees in that sense While all reasonable efforts are m ade to ensure that th e tech nical content of I EC Publications is accu rate, I EC cann ot be h eld responsi ble for th e way in which th ey are used or for an y m isinterpretation by an y en d u ser 4) I n order to prom ote intern ational u niform ity, I EC National Com m ittees und ertake to apply I EC Publications transparentl y to the m axim um extent possible i n their national an d regi on al publicati ons Any d ivergence between an y I EC Publication and the correspondi ng national or regi on al publicati on sh all be clearl y in dicated in the latter 5) I EC itself d oes n ot provi de an y attestation of conform ity I n depend ent certificati on bodies provi de conform ity assessm ent services and, in som e areas, access to I EC m arks of conform ity I EC is not responsi ble for an y services carri ed out by ind ependent certification bodi es 6) All users shou ld ensure that they h ave the l atest editi on of thi s publicati on 7) No liability shall attach to I EC or its directors, em ployees, servants or ag ents inclu din g in divi du al experts an d m em bers of its tech nical com m ittees and I EC Nati on al Com m ittees for any person al i nju ry, property d am age or other dam age of any n ature whatsoever, wheth er di rect or indirect, or for costs (includ i ng leg al fees) and expenses arisi ng out of the publ ication, use of, or relian ce upon, this I EC Publicati on or any other I EC Publications 8) Attention is drawn to th e N orm ative references cited in th is publ ication Use of the referenced publ ications is indispensable for the correct applicati on of this publication 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that som e of the elem ents of this I EC Publication m ay be the su bject of patent rig hts I EC shall not be held responsibl e for identifyi ng any or all such patent ri ghts I nternational Standard I EC 61 747-20-1 has been prepared by I EC technical comm ittee 1 0: Electronic display devices This first edition cancels and replaces Clause of the first edition of I EC 61 747-5 published in 998 This edition constitutes a technical revision This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) The editorial modifications were done in accordance with the I SO/I EC Directives, Part 2, Ed 6.0: 201 b) The docum ent num ber was changed to align with the new numbering structure of the I EC 61 747 series –4– I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 NOTE I t is intend ed that the other clauses of I EC 61 747-5: 998 will be replaced by n ew parts in the I EC 61 747 series The details of the intended ch ang es are gi ven in An nex D of I EC 61 747-30-1 : 201 The text of this standard is based on the following docum ents: CDV Report on votin g 1 0/522/CDV 1 0/558A/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table This publication has been drafted in accordance with the I SO/I EC Directives, Part A list of all parts in the I EC 61 747 series, published under the general title Liquid crystal display devices , can be found on the I EC website The comm ittee has decided that the contents of this publication will rem ain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the I EC website under "http: //webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication At this date, the publication will be • • • • reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or am ended A bilingual version of this publication m ay be issued at a later date I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 –5– INTRODUCTION This part of I EC 61 747 facilitates the visual inspection of im age defects of m onochrom e LCD cells by hum an eyes subjectivel y Visual inspection is performed at specified conditions and criteria The obj ective m easurem ent m ethod of visual im age defect with an instrum ent will be studied and standardized –6– I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 L I Q U I D C RYS TAL D I S P L AY D E VI C E S – P a rt -1 : Vi s u a l i n s p e c ti o n – M o n o c h ro m e l i q u i d c rys ta l d i s p l a y c e l l s ( e x c l u d i n g a l l a c ti ve m a t ri x l i q u i d c rys ta l d i s p l a y c e l l s ) S cop e This part of I EC 61 747 gives the details of testing and provides general rules for visual inspection of the non-active and active area of monochrome liquid crystal display cells by the human eye, if necessary, through an optical m icroscope Furtherm ore this standard includes defect definitions and the methods for visual defect inspection NOTE Restrictions on d efect types, n um ber, an d sizes are specified i n the quality contract (custom er acceptance specification and i ncom ing inspection specification ) N o rm a t i ve re fe re n c e s The following docum ents, in whole or in part, are normativel y referenced in this docum ent and are indispensable for its application For dated references, onl y the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced docum ent (including an y amendments) applies I EC 61 747-1 -2: 201 4, Liquid crystal display devices – Part -2: Generic – Terminology and letter symbols I EC 61 747-1 0-2: 201 4, Liquid crystal display devices – Part 0-2: Environmental, endurance and mechanical test methods – Environmental and endurance T e rm s , d e fi n i t i o n s a n d a b b re vi a t i o n s T e rm s a n d d e fi n i t i o n s For the purposes of this docum ent, the terms, definitions and letter sym bols given in I EC 61 747-1 -2 and I EC 61 747-1 0-2 appl y Ab b re v i a t i o n s DUT Device under test Vi s u a l i n s p e c t i o n m e t h o d a n d c ri t e ri a S t a n d a rd i n s p ecti on co n d i ti on s an d m e th o d s Am b i e n t c o n d i t i o n s T e m p e t u re All visual inspection shall be carried out under specified tem perature Refer to IEC 61 747-1 0-2:201 4, Clause 4 H u m i d i ty All visual inspection shall be carried-out under specified hum idity Refer to I EC 61 747-1 02: 201 4, Clause I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 –7– I l l u m i n an ce All visual inspection shall be carried out under illum ination levels as specified in the detail specification The illumination level shall be adjusted in such a way that it allows for an accurate visual inspection I n s p e cti on eq u i pm en t an d l i q u i d c ry s t a l d i s p l a y c e l l s The DUT will be installed on a rotatable fixture to enable ch anges in the horizontal and vertical viewing direction range Alternativel y, the inspector moves around and the DUT is fixed Turn on the direct current power suppl y and pattern generator and warm up for stabilization Suppl y the driving voltage and pattern to the DUT The warm -up tim e of the DUT shall be sufficientl y long to obtain a stable signal, necessary for the visual inspection I n s p e cto r a n d l i m i t s a m p l e fo r v i s u a l i n s p ecti o n The inspector shall have a (corrected-to) norm al vision, a normal colour vision and shall be periodicall y trained with specified lim it samples in order to accuratel y carry out the visual exam ination I n s p e cti o n an d re c o rd o f re s u l t The inspector shall carry out the visual inspection based on the specified procedure and record the results on recording sheets with the specified inspection conditions Vi s u a l i n s p e cti on of d i spl ay D i s p l a y n o t a cti v ate d T e s t c o n d i t i o n s t o b e s p e c i fi e d i n t h e d e ta i l s p e c i fi c a t i o n The test conditions to be specified in the detail specification are: The test conditions of the visual inspection shall be described for the following conditions: – – – – the the the the viewing direction range; illumination from above or through the device (depend ing on the application); duration; viewing distance P ro c e d u re Devices shall be inspected for the following visual defects in Table –8– I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 Tabl e – Vi s u al d efe cts to be i n s p e cted Spots (see Fi gure ), bu bbl es, forei gn particl es To be specified i n the detail specification Light/dark stains on lig ht backg rou nd To be specified i n the detail specification Light/dark stains on d ark backgroun d To be specified i n the detail specification Scratches on th e liq uid crystal cell and on the polari zer with in th e specified vi ewin g di rection rang e To be specified i n the detail specification Mech anical dam age outsid e of viewin g area (see Figu res and 6) To be specified i n detail specifi cation Accum ulation of th e above-listed visi ble defects Reference sam ples Visible structu re of th e electrodes withi n the viewin g area Reference sam ples Non -u niform ity of lum inance an d col ou rs withi n the viewin g area of the display an d within th e specified viewin g di rection range Reference sam ples Dirt on surface, e g finger pri n ts, adhesive residu e Reference sam ples B C D h A w IEC Ke y A = contact pads D = defect B = sealing area h = hei ght C = vi ewi ng area w = width F i g u re – D efe cts wi th i n th e vi ewi n g area I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 –9– D i s p l ay acti vate d O veral l g e om etri ca l as p ect of th e d i s pl a y G en e ral e3 e4 The deviations and defects of the displays are shown in Figure and Figure e1 e2 IEC F i g u re – D evi ati o n s of d i m e n s i on s an d s h ap e e1 to e4 h h w w IEC Ke y h = hei ght w = wi dth F i g u re – D efe cts wi th i n s eg m e n ts Tes t d i ti on s to b e s pe ci fi e d i n th e d eta i l s p eci fi cati on The test conditions of the visual inspection shall be described for the following conditions: – the electrical driving conditions; – the illum ination; – the ambient tem perature P ro ce d u re Devices shall be inspected to be in conformity with the detail specification in Table and Table – 10 – I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 Tab l e – P ro p e rti e s o f d i s pl ay are a to b e i n s p ected P ro p ert y Re j e cti o n c ri te ri a Dim ension of th e pictu re el em ents Not in conform ity with the d etai l specification Shape of the picture elem ents Not in conform ity with the d etai l specification Tabl e – D efe cts of d i s pl a y a rea to b e i n s pe cted D efe c t Re j e cti o n c ri te ri a Missing picture elem ents Not in conform ity with the detai l specification Un wanted picture elem ents Not in conform ity with the d etai l specification Seal ed ge withi n vi ewi ng area Not in conform ity with the detai l specification Vi s i bl e d efe ct o f th e vi e wi n g area Tes t d i ti on s to b e s pe ci fi e d i n th e d etai l s p eci fi cati o n The test conditions of the visual inspection shall be described for the following conditions: – – – – – – the the the the the the electrical driving conditions; viewing direction range; illumination from above or through the devices (depending on the application); duration; viewing distance; am bient temperature P ro ce d u re Devices shall be inspected for the following visual defects in Table Tabl e – D efe cts of vi e wi n g a rea to b e i n s p ected D efe c t Re j e cti o n c ri te ri a A pin-hol e withi n the picture el em ent To be specified i n the d etail specification Accum ulation of pin -h oles whose size is sm aller than specified above Reference sam ples Pin-h oles within th e non-activated surroundi ng area of the pictu re el em ents To be specified i n the d etail specification Difference of contrast ratio between different picture elem ents To be specified i n the d etail specification Uniform ity of lum inance withi n the vi ewi ng area To be specified i n the d etail specification Uniform ity of contrast within th e viewi ng area To be specified i n the d etail specification Non-u niform ity of lum inance an d colou rs withi n the viewin g area and withi n the specified viewin g di rection ran ge Reference sam ples I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – 11 – S ea l i n s p ecti on G en e ral The defects within the sealing area are shown in Figure E F G IEC Ke y E = crack F = inclusions or h ole G = different seal widths F i g u re – D efe cts wi th i n th e s ea l i n g a re a Tes t d i ti on s The test condition of visual inspection shall be described for the following conditions: – optical magnification (e g x); – illum ination (e g vertical illumination) P ro ce d u re The seal shall be inspected for the following defects in Table Tabl e – D efe cts o f s e al i n g area to b e i n s p ected D efe c t Re j e cti o n c ri te ri a Cracks To be specified i n the d etail specification I nclusions (e g bu bbl es, foreig n particles) To be specified i n the d etail specification Differences of seal width To be specified i n the d etail specification – 12 – 4.2.4 I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 Contact pad area 4.2.4.1 General The defects of the contact pad area are shown in Figure I d H h w IEC Key h = hei ght w = width H = resi due d = depth I = dam age Figure – Defects of contact pad area 4.2.4.2 Test conditions to be specified in the detail specification The test condition of visual inspection shall be described for the following conditions: – the viewing direction; – the illum ination from above or through the devices (depending on the application); – the viewing distance 4.2.4.3 4.2.4.3.1 Procedure General The contact pads and flexible shields shall be inspected for the following defects in Table 6, Table and Table 4.2.4.3.2 Contact pads Table – Visual defects of contact pad area to be inspected Defect Dirt on contact pad area, for exam ple resid ue of li qui d Rejection criteria Not all owed crystal m aterial or adh esive Cracks a) Com plete breaks not al lowed b) Reference sam ples for partial breaks Dam age to contact pad area To be specified i n the d etail specification I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 – 13 – Table – Defects of pin to be inspected Defect Rejection criteria Dirt on pi ns To be specified i n the d etail specification Missing pins Not all owed Bent pins To be specified i n the d etail specification 4.2.4.3.3 Flexible leads Table – Defects of lead to be inspected Defect Rejection criteria Missing electrical contact 4.2.5 4.2.5.1 Not all owed Chipped material at the borders and edges of support plates of cells General The dam ages of support plates are shown in Figure and Figure d d d d IEC Key d = depth Figure – Damage of a corner and an edge 4.2.5.2 Procedure The support plates shall be inspected for m echanical damage at the border and edge described in Table Table – Defects of support plate to be inspected Defect Dam age to th e support Rejection criteria To be specified i n the d etail specification – 14 – I EC 61 747-20-1 : 201 © I EC 201 Bibliography [1 ] I EC 61 747-20-2 , Liquid crystal display devices - Part 20-2: Visual inspection - [2] I EC 61 747-20-3, Liquid crystal display devices – Part 20-3: Visual inspection - Active [3] I EC 61 747-30-1 , Liquid crystal and solid-state display devices – Part30-1 : Measuring [4] I SO 9241 -307, Ergonomics of human-system interaction- Part 307:Analysis and compliance test methods for electronic visual displays Monochrome matrix liquid crystal display modules (excluding all active matrix liquid liquid crystal display modules) matrix colour liquid crystal display modules methods for liquid crystal modules – Transmissive type _ ————————— Und er consi deration I N TE RN ATI O N AL E LE CTRO TE CH N I CAL CO M M I S S I O N 3, ru e d e Va re m bé P O B ox CH -1 1 G e n e va S wi tze rl a n d Te l : + 41 F a x: + 22 91 02 1 22 91 03 00 i n fo @i e c ch www i e c ch