Chuyên đề phrasal verbs

I Định nghĩa Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc 0376513445 CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỪ VỰNG PHRASAL VERBS Cụm động từ (Phrasal verbs) là sự kết hợp giữa một động từ và một từ nhỏ (particle) Từ nhỏ particle(s) này có thể là m.

Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 CHUYÊN ĐỀ TỪ VỰNG PHRASAL VERBS I Định nghĩa Cụm động từ (Phrasal verbs) kết hợp động từ từ nhỏ (particle) Từ nhỏ particle(s) trạng từ (adverb), giới từ (preposition), hai II Cách dùng PHRASAL VERBS CĨ THỂ ĐĨNG VAI TRỊ LÀ: - Ngoại động từ (transitive): theo sau danh từ cụm danh từ với chức tân ngữ (object) động từ - Nội động từ (intransitive): tân ngữ theo sau • NỘI ĐỘNG TỪ: Intransitive phrasal verbs - Động từ particle (thường trạng từ - adverb) ln sát Ví dụ: When she was having dinner, the fire broke out • NGOẠI ĐỘNG TỪ: Transitive phrasal verbs Được chia làm hai nhóm, tuỳ theo vị trí tân ngữ: - Nhóm 1: động từ "particle" sau "particle": Ví dụ: I took my shoes off / I took off my shoes - Nhóm 2: Nhưng túc từ chữ this, that, it, them, me, her him chúng đứng giữađộng từ 'particle' Ví dụ: I took them off (Not I took off them.) • NGOẠI LỆ: Có nhiều phrasal verbs vừa transitive intransitive Ngữ cảnh cho biết chức với nghĩa chúng: Ví dụ: The plane took off at seven o'clock, (intransitive) The man took off the shoes and came into the room, (transitive) III Những cụm động từ thường gặp Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 STT Cụm động từ Account for = explain Ask about Ask after Ask for Ask sb out Break away Break down Break in Break off with sb Break out Break up Break into Bring about Bring back Bring down Bring forward Bring in Bring off Bring on Bring out Bring over Bring round Bring round to Bring through Blow about Blow down Blow in Blow off Blow out Blow over Blow up Catch on Catch out Catch up Call out Call on/upon Call for Call at Call in Call off Call up Come about Come across Come after Come against Come apart Nghĩa giải thích hỏi hỏi thăm xin mời ăn/đi chơi trốn thốt, khỏi hỏng hóc, sụp đổ, ngất xỉu xông vào, ngắt lời, cắt ngang câu chuyện cắt đứt quan hệ với ai, tuyệt giao với bùng nổ, bùng phát chia lìa, chia li, chia tay đột nhập vào làm xảy ra, dẫn đến, gây đem trả lại, mang trả lại, gợi nhớ hạ xuống, làm tụt xuống đưa ra, nêu ra, đề đưa vào, mang vào cứu dẫn đến, gây ra, làm cho phải bàn cãi đưa ra, làm bật thuyết phục, làm cho thay đổi suy nghĩ làm cho tỉnh lại làm cho thay đổi ý kiến theo giúp vượt qua khó khăn, hiểm nghèo lan truyền, tung thổi ngã, làm đổ rạp xuống thổi vào, đến bất chợt, đến thổi bay đi, làm xì ra, tiêu phí, phung phí thổi tắt bỏ qua, quên bơm căng lên tiếng, trở thành mốt, ưa chuộng bắt làm đuổi kịp, bắt kịp gọi to kêu gọi, yêu cầu, tạt qua thăm gọi, tìm đến để lấy dừng lại, đỗ lại, ghé thăm mời đến, triệu đến hỗn lại, đình lại gọi tên, gọi điện, gọi dậy, gọi nhập ngũ xảy ra, xảy đến tình cờ gặp theo sau, nối dõi, nối nghiệp, kế tục đụng phải, va phải tách lìa ra, bung Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 10 11 12 13 14 Come at Come away Come back Come between Come by Come down Come down on/upon Come down with Come in Come in for Come into Come off Come on Cut away Cut back Cut down Cut in Cut off Cut out Cut up Cut down on Carry away Carry off Carry on Carry out Carry over Carry through Drop across Drop off Drop in Drop on Drop out Die of Die for Die down Die off Die out Do away with Do by Do over Do up Fall out of Fall back Fall back on Fall behind Fall down nắm được, xông vào xa, khỏi quay trở lại can thiệp vào, xen vào qua, kiếm được, vớ sa sút, xuống dốc mắng nhiếc, xỉ vả, trừng phạt xuất tiền, trả, chi vào có phần, nhận lấy hưởng, thừa kế thực hiện, hoàn thành tiếp, tới, tiến lên cắt, chặt tỉa bớt, cắt bớt chặt, đốn nói xen vào, chen ngang cắt, cúp, ngừng hoạt động cắt ra, bớt trích gay gắt, phê bình nghiêm khắc cắt giảm mang đi, đi, bị làm cho mê say chiếm đoạt, làm cho chấp nhận được, làm cho thông qua tiếp tục thực hiện, tiến hành mang sang bên hồn thành, vượt qua tình cờ, ngẫu nhiên gặp bỏ tạt vào thăm, qua ghé vào thăm mắng nhiếc, sỉ vả, trừng phạt bỏ cuộc, bỏ chừng chết bệnh hi sinh cho chêt dần, chêt mịn chết tuyệt chủng bãi bỏ, thủ tiêu xử sự, đối xử làm lại, bắt đầu lại trang trí, sửa lại rơi khỏi ngã ngửa, rút lui phải cần đến, phải dùng đến thụt lùi, tụt lại rơi xuống, thất bại Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 15 16 17 18 Fall for Fall in with Fall off Fall on Fall out Fall over Fall through Fall to Fall under Fill in Fill out Fill up Get across Get around Get at Get away Get back Get behind with St Get behind Get by Get down Get on Get off Get off with sb Get out Get over Get round Get through Get up Get down to V-ing Give away Give back Give in Give off Give out Give over Give up Go across Go after Go against Go ahead Go along Go along with Go away Go back Go by Go in for mê tít, bị bịp, chơi xỏ tán đồng theo quan điểm giảm sút, suy đồi cơng cãi nhau, bất hồ, xỗ tóc ngã lộn nhào hỏng, dang dở, khơng đến kết bắt đầu liệt vào, chịu ảnh hưởng điền đầy đủ thông tin làm căng ra, làm to ra, mập đổ đày, lấp đầy giải thích rõ ràng vịng qua nắm khỏi, xa lùi lại, trở lại chưa hoàn thành việc ủng hộ xoay sở để sống/làm việc xuống lên, tiến bộ, lên xe xuống xe làm thân, ve vãn ngồi vượt qua, khắc phục, khỏi bình phục, khỏi hoàn thành, làm xong thức dậy bắt đầu nghiêm túc làm cho, trao, phát hồn lại, trả lại nhượng bộ, chịu thua toả ra, phát chia, phân phối, cạn kiệt thôi, chấm dứt, trao tay từ bỏ qua, băng qua theo sau, tán tỉnh làm trái ý muốn tiến lên, thăng tiến tiến triển, tiếp tục đi xa trở qua, trôi qua tham gia, ham, mê Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 19 20 21 22 Go into Go off Go on Go out Go over Go through Go up Go down Go with Hold back Hold down Hold forth Hold in Hold off Hold on Hold out Hold over Hold up Hang about Hang back Hang behind Hang down Hang on Hang out Hang up Keep away Keep back Keep down Keep from Keep in with Keep up with Keep off Keep on Keep under Keep up Look about Look after Look at Look away Look back Look back upon Look down Look down on Look up to Look for Look forward to Look in xem xét, nghiên cứu đổ chuông, nổ tung, thiu thối tiếp tục điện, ngồi, chơi ơn lại, xem lại, sốt lại xong, thành công, qua tăng lên giảm xuống với ngăn lại giữ đưa ra, nêu nén lại, kìm lại giữ khơng cho lại gần, nán lại nắm chặt, giữ chặt đưa đình lại, hỗn lại tắc nghẽn lang thang, la cà, đến dự, lưỡng lự tụt lại đằng sau rủ xuống, xoã xuống dựa vào, bám vào lang thang, la cà treo lên để xa, cất giữ lại, cản lại, cầm lại nén lại nhịn, kiêng thân thiện với theo kịp, đuổi kịp tránh tiếp tục đè nén, thống trị giữ vững, giữ không cho đổ đợi chờ chăm sóc ngắm nhìn quay quay lại, ngối cổ lại nhìn lại qua nhìn xuống coi thường kính trọng tìm kiếm mong đợi nhìn vào, ghé qua thăm Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 23 24 25 26 Look into Look on Look out Look out for St Look over Look round Look through Look up Lay aside Lay down Lay for Lay in Lay sb off Lay on Lay out Lay over Let by Let down Let in Let off Let on Let out Let up Make after Make against Make at Make away Make away with Make off Make off with Make out Make over Make up Make for Make up of Make use of Make up for Pass away Pass sb/st by Pass for Pass off Pass on Pass out Pass over Pass round Pass through Pass up xem xét kĩ, nghiên cứu đứng xem để ý, coi chừng trông chừng xem xét, kiểm tra, tha thứ, bỏ qua nhìn quanh lờ đi, xem lướt qua nhìn lên, tra cứu gác sang bên, không nghĩ tới để xuống, xác lập, đề nằm đợi dự trữ, để dành cho nghỉ việc đánh, giáng đòn đặt, bố trí, đưa trải lên, phủ lên qua làm cho thất vọng cho vào tha thứ để lộ, tiết lộ ra, chạy thoát dịu, ngớt theo đuổi bất lợi, có hại cho tiến tới, cơng vội vàng huỷ hoại, thủ tiêu, giết chuồn, gói ăn cắp hiểu chuyển, nhượng trang điểm, bịa đặt, định, làm hoà tiến hướng bao gồm lợi dụng bù lại qua đời lờ đi, làm ngơ coi là, có tiếng đi, biến (cảm giác) truyền lại mê man, bất tỉnh băng qua chuyền tay, chuyền theo vòn trải qua, kinh qua từ bỏ, khước từ Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Pick at Pick off Pick up Put aside Put back Put by Put down Put in Put in for Put off Put on Put out Put through Put up Put sb up Put up with Take after = look like Take along Take away Take back Take down Take in Take off Take on Take out Take over Take to Take up Turn away Turn back Turn down Turn into Turn off Turn on Turn out Turn over Turn up = show up = arrive Try on Try out = test Tell against Tell off Tell on Tell over Tell sb/st apart: See about See after chế nhạo, chế giễu, rầy la nhổ nhặt, đón để dành, gạt sang bên để lại (chỗ cũ) lảng tránh đặt xuống đệ đơn đòi, yêu sách hoãn mặc (quần áo), đội (mũ), (giày) dập tắt hồn thành, xong xi dựng lên cho nhờ chịu đựng giống mang theo, đem theo mang đi, lấy lấy lại, mang tháo xuống, hạ xuống hiểu, lừa gạt cởi, cất cánh đảm nhiệm, thuê mướn nhổ (cây, răng), đổ (rác) tiếp quản, kế tục thích tiếp tục cơng việc bỏ dở ngoảnh mặt quay lại vặn nhỏ, từ chối biến thành tắt bật lên hoá lật, dở đến, xuất thử đồ kiểm tra xem có hoạt động hay khơng nói điều chống lại rầy, la mắng mách đếm phân biệt ai/cái đảm đương săn sóc, để ý tới Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 See off Set against Set apart Set back Set down Set off/out Set up Stay away Stay in Stay out Stay on Stay up Stand by Stand for Stand in Stand in with Stand off Stand on Stand out Stand over Stand up Stand up for Stand up to Stand in for Ren after Run against Run along Run down Run out Run out of Run on Run over Run through Watch after Watch for Watch out Watch over Wear away Wear down Wear off Wear out Wipe at Wipe away Wipe out IV Bài tập áp dụng tiễn so sánh, đối chiếu dành riêng vặn chậm lại ghi lại, chép lại khởi hành thành lập không đến, vắng mặt không ngồi ngồi, khơng nhà lâu dự định thức đứng cạnh viết tắt, tượng trưng cho đại diện cho vào hùa, cấu kết với tránh xa, lảng xa giữ đúng, khăng khăng địi bật bị hỗn lại đứng dậy phe, ủng hộ dũng cảm đương đầu thay chỗ theo đuổi ngược lại, chống đối, phản đối rời đi, tránh xa hao mòn, tiền tuỵ cạn kiệt hết chạy cán lên, đè lên tiêu xài phung phí dõi theo, nhìn theo chờ, đợi đề phịng, coi chừng trơng nom, canh gác làm mịn dần, làm dần làm kiệt sức dần làm mòn làm rách, làm sờn, làm mệt lử quật, giáng cho địn tẩy, lau xố Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 Exercise 1 It was the third time in six months that the bank had been held A over I always run B down c up of money before the end of the month `A out B back c up I've just spent two weeks looking A at D down an aunt of mine who's been ill B for I've always got c out for D after c in D through well with old people A off B on It's very cold in here Do you mind if I turn A down They've Đ out the heating? B away c off D on a new tower where that old building used to be A put up B put down c pushed up Stephen always wanted to be an actor when he A came B grew The bus only stops here to A put down up C brought D settled C get off D pick up passengers B get on If anything urgent comes A across D pushed down , you can contact me at this number B by C up D round 10 Your daughter's just started work, hasn't she? How’s she getting A by 11 We had to turn B on C out D in their invitation to lunch as we had a previous appointment A over B out 12 He died A from 14 I explained A to 15 Who will A look for B because C of B out B about 19 That problem is A out off/ on D in C over D from the children while you go out to work? B look up C look after B write down C up D fill in off water supplies while repairs to the pipes are carried B cut/ out B put them We can't make B up to/ up D look at this application form 18 They were 30 minutes later because their car A got C out of him what it meant 17 The water company will have to A take/ in D in order 16 If you want to join this club, you must A make up C up D down heart disease 13 The elevator is not running today It is A to ? C set/ up D break/ to down C cut D broke our mind yet C away from/ for D on for/ off Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 20.Do you want to stop in this town, or shall we A turn on Exercise Please ? B turn off C go on D look after C turn over D turn into the light, it's getting dark here A turn on B turn off The nurse has to the patients at the midnight A look after B look up C look at D look for There is an inflation The prices A are going on Remember to B are going down C are going over your shoes when you are in a Japanese house B take on A take care You can D are going up C take over D take off C look up D look at C Put off D Put into the new words in the dictionary A look for B look after It's cold outside your coat A Put on B Put down If you want to be healthy, you should A give up your bad habits in your lifestyles B call off C break down D get over Never put off until tomorrow what you can today A B let C delay D leave My father still hasn't really recovered from the death of my mother A looked after B taken after C gone off D got over 10 The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town A went on B went out C went off D went away 11 John, could you look after my handbag while I go out for a minute A take part in 12 Why they B take over C take place D take care of talking about money all the time? A keep on B give up C take after D stop by C stopped D enjoyed 13 My father gave up smoking two years ago A liked B continued 14 The government hopes to A turn out its plans for introducing cable TV B carry out C carry on 15 When the tenants failed to pay their bill, the authorities decided to A cut down B cut out 16 You go on ahead and then I'll catch A along with B forward to C cut off D keep on the gas supply to the flat D cut up you C up with D on to C take away D take on 17 Both Ann and her sister look like her mother A take after B take place 18 I'll be back in a minute, Jane I just want to try out my new tape recorder A resemble B test C arrive D buy Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 19 The national curriculum is made so on A from of the following subjects: English, Maths, Chemistry and B on C up 20 Shy people often find it difficult to A take place in D in group discussions B take part in C get on with D get in touch with C admire him D pick him up Exercise "To give someone a ring" is to A call him up B marry him Because of heavy rain, the game was A taken out for a few days B put off C set up D gotten away C keep away D turn up What may happen if John will not arrive in time? A go along B count on Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside A calls on B keeps off C takes in I not use those things any more You can A get them away B fall C throw At the station, we often see the sign " A Watch on C Watch up The passengers had to wait because the plane He D make for pickpockets" B Watch out A took D goes up B turned D Watch at off one hour late C cut D made C held good D held over on many subjects at the meeting A held down B held forth If I had not held him A back 10 Please let me A off , he would have beaten you soundly B over C by D out I promise not to it again B on C up D in 11 He knows where the boy was hiding but he didn't let A up B off C on 12 He promised to deliver the stuff today and has let us A up B on D in again C off D down C off D in C back D out 13 It seems that the rain is letting A up 14 The traffic was held A up B on by fog B over 15 Because of the heavy rain, today the meeting will be held A up B back until next week C out D over 16 I would have been here sooner but the rain kept me A back 17 Keep children A in with B from C on D up with C away D back from the fire B from Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 18 It is the most important to keep A touch with B up with 19 He promised to keep C in with D away from us while he was abroad A in touch with 20 I took your neighbors B up with C in with D away from him at once, and we have been friends over since A after B to C over D up Exercise Our teacher told us that if we don't to carry on living A look into the environment, our grandchildren may not even be able B look out for C look after D look for C over D up C out D after B out C for D against B off C over D into He may have deceived you, but he didn't take me A in B off I can't make what he means A up B for They are all making A after the exit The pain will soon pass A away We must make some stories to explain our absence A out I ran B away C off D up C through D into C down D up C off D out C into D through George in the library A out of B over You need a rest; you look run A through B over He puts some money every week A away B up 10 Our dog has been run A over by a car B down 11 You may not like the noise, but you will have to put A up with 12 I promise to look A for 13 Look A over B aside the matter C by D down B after C into D up C for D out ! It is falling B at 14 The two countries have broken A out B up 15 Shall have to bring this matter A round B up 16 The new government has brought A about B round relations C off D into at the next meeting C off D about many changes C up D off Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 17 She used to be thin, but she is filled A in B into 18 Let us these regulations A away with a lot B over 19 As I have just had a tooth A taken out D out C up D for , I am not allowed to eat or drink anything for three hours B crossed out 20 The woman C up C broken off D tried on when the police told her that her son had died A got over B fell apart C looked up D broke down Exercise When Tet holiday comes, Vietnamese people often feel inclined to A up B through C over D in Bob has a bad lung cancer and his doctor advised him to A turn up B give up B made for D put up the exit as quickly as possible C made out The government is thinking of bringing crash helmets A on smoking C take up When he realized the police had spotted him, the man A made off their houses D made up a law to make it compulsory for cyclists to wear B up C in D round C broke up D broke away Susan was alone in the house when the fire A broke out B broke down I think you need to A dawn on B set out Susie and Fran C get on with D give in us last night, so I had to quickly defrost a pizza A turned up Rebecca your ideas more clearly so that the reader doesn't get confused B dropped in on C came across D went through on our conversation to tell us that James had just been rushed into hospital A broke up B got ahead Is it a compulsion that the scheme A carry out C faced up next Friday? B will carry out C carried out 10 No one knows where Sam is living now The last time that I A ran into him D cut in B ran him out D be carried out was about four years ago C ran him down D ran after him C down D away 11 All his plans for starting his own business fell A in 12 Whenever a problem A comes in B through , we try to discuss frankly and find solutions as soon as possible B comes up 13 The computer isn't working - it broke A out B into C comes off D comes by this morning C down D over 14 The final year at the secondary school is the time for teenagers to get choosing jobs A off with B by in C behind with 15 On Friday night, some of our friends came to the party and thinking about D down to for the weekend Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 A fell behind B waited up 16 I have been looking A over 17 You can always A bank of D kept up this book for months, and at last I have found it B up C for D at Ann to give you sound advice B bank for 18 The new manager A settled down C stayed on C bank at D bank on very strict rules as soon as he had taken over the position B put down C laid down D wrote down 19 Everyone knows about pollution problems, but not many people have A come up with B looked into C thought over 20 The speaker fails to get his message A around any solution D got round to to his audience B in C across D out Exercise She is a friendly person She gets A up well with Jack and Linda A ended up Brian asked Judy A out Her contract A runs down all her neighbors B down well with C on well with D off with last week They just weren't happy together B finished off C broke into D broke up C for D of to dinner and a movie B on in two months, so she's looking for another job B runs out C goes out D goes away I'm not sure my brother will ever get married because he hates the feeling of being A tied in B tied down It's a small lamp, so it doesn't A cast C tied up off much light B give C shed When I joined the army, I found it difficult to used to it A call B carry If too many species A disappear C miss B die C go B track about the changes in the market C touch with B down C up D up with D away and I begin to feel the soreness again B doing without 12 Children should be taught that they have to A put away D extinct to buy a new PlayStation 11 The effect of the painkiller is A turning out D take out, it will upset the ecosystem 10 I'm saving all my pocket money A out D spend out orders from my superiors, but I soon got It is very important for a film or a company to keep A pace of D tied in with B pick off C fading away D wearing off everything after they use it C collect up D catch on C falling over D falling out 13 I can't walk in these high-heeled boots I keep A falling off 14 People are advised to B falling back smoking because of its harm to their health Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445 A cut down B cut off 15 It took Ted a long time to get A over 16 The smell of the sea C cut in the breakup of his marriage B across C along with B took after C took him back to D took it for granted 17 Despite all the interruptions, he 18 The new office block A blends in D through his childhood A took him in A pressed on D cut down on with his work B held on C stuck at D out well with its surroundings B stands out C shapes up D sets off 19 It's a serious operation for a woman as old as my grandmother She's very frail I hope she A gets over 20 It was very difficult to A pick up B comes round C pulls through D stands up what he was saying about the noise of the traffic B make up C turn out D make out Luyện Thi Đại Học Cấp Tốc - 0376513445