74 total employment, final economic output and CO2 emissions This study’s key findings indicate that continuing the existing energy policy ( scenario), with its heavy reliance on fossil fuels and hydr[.]
74 total employment, final economic output and CO2 emissions This study’s key findings indicate that continuing the existing energy policy (- scenario), with its heavy reliance on fossil fuels and hydro power, would create significant challenges in Vietnam’s energy security, which have primarily occurred due to the nation’s inability to meet increasing demand Meanwhile, considering such alternatives as represented by MOD and ADV scenarios would potentially generate a higher commitment to economic growth and energy diversity while decreasing the dependency on energy imports as well as reduced CO2 emissions This study provides insights for policymakers in formulating future energy policy pathways for Vietnam, as it offers a meaningful assessment of energy scenarios’ impacts on the nation’s economy, employment, and the environment However, its scope is limited to the energy sector without regarding its connection with other important sectors; for example, water and food are not considered Hence, this study provides narrow implications for policy analyses within the energy sector Xie and Napasintuwong (2014) study rice policies in three GMS countries—China, Thailand and Vietnam—during the period of 1980 to 2014 This study further debates the government’s role in the rice sector in terms of its investment and economic regulations The study aims to review the major rice policy reforms in China, Thailand, and Vietnam during the past five decades to provide a general yet detailed overview of these countries’ rice policies It is observed that although different policies were deployed at different periods, each country’s economic development, private investments, and market-oriented principles are determinants in their respective domestic markets despite the government’s undeniable interventions to invest in rice breeding technology and build infrastructure Key findings from this study indicate that farm system reforms have resulted in substantially improved rice production and yields for China and Vietnam Moreover, the planting of hybrid rice and investments in irrigation after the liberalised rice export premiums and provision of credits in the 1980s fundamentally propelled Thailand to be the world’s largest rice exporter (Pham, La, 2011) The authors apply a policy analysis method to review and analyse the advantages and disadvantages of existing rice policies; they also propose alternatives to these rice policy reforms The study’s outcomes are meaningful, as they provide insights for the government to develop a new approach to increase economic value of rice products in the global trading market Further, it discusses the lessons these countries have learned in ensuring self-sufficiency while achieving sustainability in international rice trading Despite this contribution, this study’s scope is limited to rice policy, while rice or agricultural products are typically impacted by the