BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 BSI Standards Publication Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety Part 2-27: Particular requirements for appliances for skin exposure to ultraviolet and infrared radiation BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60335-2-27:2013 It was derived by CENELEC from IEC 60335-2-27:2009 It supersedes BS EN 60335-2-27:2010, which will be withdrawn on 21 November 2014 The CENELEC common modifications have been implemented at the appropriate places in the text The start and finish of each common modification is indicated in the text by tags }~ The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee CPL/61, Safety of household and similar electrical appliances, to Subcommittee CPL/61/1, Motorised appliance group A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2014 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 580 65769 ICS 13.120; 97.170 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2014 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 EN 60335-2-27 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM December 2013 ICS 13.120; 97.170 English version Household and similar electrical appliances Safety Part 2-27: Particular requirements for appliances for skin exposure to ultraviolet and infrared radiation (IEC 60335-2-27:2009, modified) Appareils électrodomestiques et analogues Sécurité Partie 2-27: Règles particulières pour les appareils d'exposition de la peau aux rayonnements ultraviolets et infrarouges (CEI 60335-2-27:2009, modifiée) Sicherheit elektrischer Geräte für den Hausgebrauch und ähnliche Zwecke Teil 2-27: Besondere Anforderungen für Hautbestrahlungsgeräte mit Ultraviolettund Infrarotstrahlung (IEC 60335-2-27:2009, modifiziert) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-05-29 CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels © 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members Ref No EN 60335-2-27:2013 E BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 EN 60335-2-27:2013 –2– Foreword This document EN 60335-2-27:2013 consists of the text of IEC 60335-2-27:2009 prepared by IEC TC 61, "Safety of household and similar electrical appliances", together with the common modifications prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 61, "Safety of household and similar electrical appliances" EN 60335-2-27:2013 is based on IEC 60335-2-27:2009, modifying it to fulfil the SCCP requirements for these appliances and to incorporate existing common modifications and interpretation statements The following dates are fixed: • • latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2014-06-13 2014-11-21 This document supersedes EN 60335-2-27:2010 The principal changes in EN 60335-2-27:2013 as compared with EN 60335-2-27:2010 are as follows (minor changes are not listed): – clarification of the radiation measurement procedure (32.101); – guidelines for an exposure time schedule (Annex DD) This standard covers the Principle Elements of the Safety Objectives for Electrical Equipment Designed for Use within Certain Voltage Limits (LVD - 2006/95/EC) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 –3– EN 60335-2-27:2013 Endorsement Notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60335-2-27:2009 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard with common modifications BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 EN 60335-2-27:2013 –4– Annex ZB (informative) A-deviations We confirm that the existing A-deviation mentioned in EN 60335-2-27:2010 (Annex ZB, 7.12) is still valid for Finland 7.12 Finland (Decree of the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health on the Limitation of Public Exposure to Non-ionising Radiation (294/2002), 4.4.2002) The recommended number of exposures for each part of the body is to be based upon a maximum yearly dose of kJ/m , weighted according to the erythema action spectrum of Figure 103 and taking into account the recommended schedule of exposure BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 –2– 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1H Scope Normative references Definitions General requirement General conditions for the tests Classification Marking and instructions Protection against access to live parts Starting of motor-operated appliances 2H 3H 4H 5H 6H 7H 8H 9H 10H 10 Power input and current 1H 11 Heating 12H 12 Void 13H 13 Leakage current and electric strength at operating temperature 14H 14 Transient overvoltages 15H 15 Moisture resistance 16H 16 Leakage current and electric strength 17H 17 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits 18H 18 Endurance 19H 19 Abnormal operation 20H 20 Stability and mechanical hazards 21H 21 Mechanical strength 2H 22 Construction 23H 23 Internal wiring 24H 24 Components 25H 25 Supply connection and external flexible cords 26H 26 Terminals for external conductors 27H 27 Provision for earthing 28H 28 Screws and connections 29H 29 Clearances, creepage distances and solid insulation 30H 30 Resistance to heat and fire 31H 31 Resistance to rusting 32H 32 Radiation, toxicity and similar hazards 3H Annexes 34H Annex AA (normative) Measurement of luminance 35H Annex BB (informative) Detailed classification of UV appliances 36H Annex CC (informative) Fluorescent UV lamp equivalency code 37H Annex DD (informative) Guidelines for the development of an exposure time schedule 38H Bibliography 3 39H BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) –3– Figure 101 – Measuring points for appliances that are arranged over a person 40H Figure 102 – Measuring points for appliances exposing a sitting person 41H Figure 103 – UV action spectra 42H Table 101 – Maximum transmission of goggles 43H Table BB.1 – Limits of effective irradiance 4H BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) –7– INTRODUCTION It has been assumed in the drafting of this International Standard that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced persons This standard recognizes the internationally accepted level of protection against hazards such as electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation of appliances when operated as in normal use taking into account the manufacturer's instructions It also covers abnormal situations that can be expected in practice and takes into account the way in which electromagnetic phenomena can affect the safe operation of appliances }This standard covers appliances used for intentional tanning Irradiance limit values are not to be used as safety guidelines for non-intentional UV-exposure.~ This standard takes into account the requirements of IEC 60364 as far as possible so that there is compatibility with the wiring rules when the appliance is connected to the supply mains However, national wiring rules may differ If an appliance within the scope of this standard also incorporates functions that are covered by another part of IEC 60335, the relevant part is applied to each function separately, as far as is reasonable If applicable, the influence of one function on the other is taken into account When a part standard does not include additional requirements to cover hazards dealt with in Part 1, Part applies NOTE This means that the technical committees responsible for the part standards have determined that it is not necessary to specify particular requirements for the appliance in question over and above the general requirements This standard is a product family standard dealing with the safety of appliances and takes precedence over horizontal and generic standards covering the same subject NOTE Horizontal and generic standards covering a hazard are not applicable since they have been taken into consideration when developing the general and particular requirements for the IEC 60335 series of standards For example, in the case of temperature requirements for surfaces on many appliances, generic standards, such as ISO 13732-1 for hot surfaces, are not applicable in addition to Part or part standards An appliance that complies with the text of this standard will not necessarily be considered to comply with the safety principles of the standard if, when examined and tested, it is found to have other features that impair the level of safety covered by these requirements }An investigation by CENELEC TC 61 has shown that all risks from products within the scope of this standard are fully covered by the Low Voltage Directive, 2006/95/EC For products having mechanical moving parts, a risk assessment in accordance with the Machinery Directive, 2006/42/EC, has shown that the risks are mainly of electrical origin and consequently this directive is not applicable However, the relevant essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive are covered by this standard together with the principal objectives of the Low Voltage Directive.~ An appliance employing materials or having forms of construction differing from those detailed in the requirements of this standard may be examined and tested according to the intent of the requirements and, if found to be substantially equivalent, may be considered to comply with the standard BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 –8– 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) HOUSEHOLD AND SIMILAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES – SAFETY – Part 2-27: Particular requirements for appliances for skin exposure to ultraviolet and infrared radiation Scope This clause of Part is replaced by the following This International Standard deals with the safety of electrical appliances incorporating emitters for exposing the skin to ultraviolet or infrared radiation, for household and similar use, their rated voltage being not more than 250 V for single-phase appliances and 480 V for other appliances Appliances not intended for normal household use but which nevertheless may be a source of danger to the public, such as appliances intended to be used in tanning salons, beauty parlours and similar premises, are also within the scope of this standard As far as practicable, this standard deals with the common hazards presented by appliances that are encountered by persons using the UV appliances in tanning salons, beauty parlours and similar premises or at home However, in general, it does not take into account – persons (including children) whose • physical, sensory or mental capabilities; or • lack of experience and knowledge prevents them from using the appliance safely without supervision or instruction; – children playing with the appliance NOTE 101 Attention is drawn to the fact that – for appliances intended to be used in vehicles or on board ships or aircraft, additional requirements may be necessary; – in many countries, additional requirements are specified by the national health authorities, the national authorities responsible for the protection of labour and similar authorities; – IEC 60598-1 is applicable as far as is reasonable NOTE 102 This standard does not apply to – appliances for medical purposes; – appliances that use UV radiation for purposes other than tanning the skin; – appliances intended to be used in locations where special conditions prevail, such as the presence of a corrosive or explosive atmosphere (dust, vapour or gas) Normative references This clause of Part is applicable Definitions This clause of Part is applicable except as follows BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 – 22 – 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) The measuring instrument used shall measure the mean irradiance over a circular area having a diameter not exceeding 20 mm The response of the instrument shall be proportional to the cosine of the angle between incident radiation and the normal to the circular area The spectral irradiance shall be measured at intervals of nm in an appropriate spectroradiometer system The spectroradiometer shall have a bandwidth not exceeding 2,5 nm NOTE Details of the instrument used for the measurements are given in IEC 61228 }Text deleted~ NOTE The exposure dose referred to in 22.106 and Annex DD (except for the total yearly dose) is calculated from the total effective irradiance weighted according to the erythema action spectrum of Figure 103 NOTE The total effective irradiance is given by: 400 nm Eeff = ∑ 250 nm S λ Eλ Δλ where E eff is the total effective irradiance; Sλ is the relative spectral effectiveness (weighting factor) according to Figure 103; Eλ is the spectral irradiance in W/(m nm); Δλ is the wavelength interval (nm) The wavelength interval for the calculation should preferably be nm but should not exceed 2,5 nm It should ideally be equal to the bandwidth of the spectroradiometer used Appliances shall have a total irradiance not exceeding 0,003 W/m , for wavelengths between 200 nm and 280 nm NOTE The total irradiance is given by: 280 nm E= ∑ 200 nm where E is the total irradiance; Eλ is the spectral irradiance in W/(m nm); Δλ is the wavelength interval (nm) Eλ Δλ BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) – 23 – 32.102 UV appliances shall be supplied with at least two pairs of protective goggles that ensure adequate front and side protection for the eyes and that provide enough luminous transmittance to make it possible to see through them Compliance is checked by inspection and by the following test that is carried out on each pair of goggles The transmission is measured at the centre of each ocular by means of a spectrophotometer having a bandwidth not exceeding 2,5 nm A beam of light having a diameter of approximately mm is used The transmission is measured between 250 nm and 550 nm at intervals of of not more than nm The luminous transmission is measured between 380 nm and 780 nm at intervals of not more than nm The transmission shall not exceed the values specified in Table 101 and the luminous transmission shall not be less than % Table 101 – Maximum transmission of goggles Wavelength λ Maximum transmission % 250 < λ ≤ 320 0,1 320 < λ ≤ 400 400 < λ ≤ 550 BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) – 24 – Dimensions in millimetres 2 50 150 300 IEC 2374/09 Figure 101 – Measuring points for appliances that are arranged over a person Dimensions in millimetres R150 50 R300 IEC 2375/09 Key R radius Figure 102 – Measuring points for appliances exposing a sitting person BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) – 25 – 10 0,1 Sλ 0,01 0,001 0,0 001 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 λ nm 370 380 390 400 IEC 1063/04 Key Non-melanoma skin cancer action spectrum Erythema action spectrum NOTE 360 The erythema action spectrum is defined from the following parameters: Wavelength ( λ ) Weighting factor (S λ ) λ ≤ 298 298 < λ ≤ 328 10 0,094(298- λ ) 328 < λ ≤ 400 10 0,015(140- λ ) Figure 103 – UV action spectra BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) – 26 – NOTE The weighting factor for each wavelength of the non-melanoma skin cancer action spectrum and erythema action spectrum is as follows Wavelength ( λ ) nm 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 a Weighting factor (S λ ) NMSC a 0,010 0,011 0,011 0,011 0,011 0,012 0,012 0,012 0,013 0,013 0,013 0,013 0,014 0,014 0,014 0,015 0,015 0,015 0,016 0,016 0,017 0,017 0,017 0,018 0,018 0,019 0,019 0,019 0,020 0,020 0,021 0,025 0,030 0,035 0,057 0,088 0,129 0,183 0,250 0,330 0,420 0,514 0,609 0,703 0,788 0,861 0,919 0,958 0,988 1,000 900 139 383 633 888 158 435 718 007 303 605 915 231 555 886 225 571 925 287 658 037 424 821 226 641 065 498 942 395 859 334 368 166 871 388 044 670 618 586 048 338 138 954 140 659 948 650 965 917 000 Erythema 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 0,805 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 378 Wavelength ( λ ) nm 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 Weighting factor (S λ ) NMSC a 0,991 0,967 0,929 0,798 0,677 0,567 0,470 0,385 0,313 0,253 0,203 0,162 0,128 0,101 0,079 0,061 0,047 0,037 0,028 0,022 0,017 0,013 0,010 0,008 0,006 0,005 0,004 0,003 0,002 0,002 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 996 660 095 410 339 466 257 911 889 391 182 032 671 794 247 659 902 223 934 529 584 758 804 525 756 385 316 483 830 316 911 590 333 129 964 810 688 589 510 446 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 Erythema 0,648 0,522 0,420 0,338 0,272 0,219 0,177 0,142 0,114 0,092 0,074 0,059 0,048 0,038 0,031 0,025 0,020 0,016 0,013 0,010 0,008 0,006 0,005 0,004 0,003 0,002 0,002 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 634 396 727 844 898 786 011 561 815 469 473 979 306 905 333 235 324 368 183 617 551 887 546 467 597 897 333 879 514 462 413 365 318 274 230 189 148 109 072 035 000 966 933 902 871 841 813 785 759 733 Wavelength ( λ ) nm 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 NMSC – non-melanoma skin cancer Figure 103 – UV action spectra (continued) Weighting factor (S λ ) NMSC a 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 394 Erythema 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 0,000 708 684 661 638 617 596 575 556 537 519 501 484 468 452 437 422 407 394 380 367 355 343 331 320 309 299 288 279 269 260 251 243 234 226 219 211 204 197 191 184 178 172 166 160 155 150 145 140 135 130 126 BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) – 27 – Annexes The annexes of Part are applicable except as follows BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 – 28 – 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) Annex AA (normative) Measurement of luminance Luminance is measured by means of collimating optics The measurement is made at the shortest possible distance from the light source, but not less than 0,2 m At the point of measurement, the optics shall collect all light passing through the entrance aperture within the solid angle of acceptance, the corresponding plane angle being 1° During the measurement, the appliance is operated at rated voltage BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) – 29 – } Annex BB (normative) Detailed classification of UV appliances This annex provides details of a classification of UV appliances based on amounts of radiation in the ranges 250 nm to 320 nm and 320 nm to 400 nm BB.1 Definitions For the purposes of this annex, the following definitions apply BB.1.1 UV type appliance appliance having a UV emitter such that the biological effect is caused by radiation having wavelengths longer than 320 nm and characterized by a relatively high irradiance in the range 320 nm to 400 nm BB.1.2 UV type appliance appliance having a UV emitter such that the biological effect is caused by radiation having wavelengths both shorter and longer than 320 nm and characterized by a relatively high irradiance in the range of 320 nm to 400 nm BB.1.3 UV type appliance appliance having a UV emitter such that the biological effect is caused by radiation having wavelengths both shorter and longer than 320 nm and characterized by a limited irradiance over the whole UV radiation band BB.1.4 UV type appliance appliance having a UV emitter such that the biological effect is mainly caused by radiation having wavelengths shorter than 320 nm BB.2 Classification UV appliances can be classified as one of the following types: – UV type appliance; – UV type appliance; – UV type appliance; – UV type appliance NOTE 101 UV type appliances and UV type appliances are intended to be used in tanning salons, beauty parlours and similar premises, under supervision of appropriately trained persons They are not intended for household use UV type appliances are suitable for household and similar use and may be used by unskilled persons They are also suitable for use in tanning salons, beauty parlours and similar premises UV type appliances are only to be used following medical advice and only intended to be used in tanning salons, beauty parlours and similar premises, under supervision of appropriately trained persons, and not for household use ~ BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) – 30 – } BB.3 Effective irradiance The effective irradiance for each type of UV appliance, weighted according to the erythema action spectrum of Figure 103, is given in Table BB.1 Table BB.1 – Limits of effective irradiance UV type appliance λ Effective irradiance W/m2 250 nm < λ ≤ 320 nm 320 nm < λ ≤ 400 nm < 0,000 ≥ 0,15 0,000 to 0,15 ≥ 0,15 < 0,15 < 0,15 ≥ 0,15 < 0,15 is the wavelength of the radiation NOTE 101: The total effective irradiance should not exceed 0,3W/m2 (cf Subclause 32.101)~ BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) – 31 – Annex CC (informative) Fluorescent UV lamp equivalency code The equivalency code for fluorescent UV lamps for tanning, as detailed in IEC 61228, that is legibly and durably marked on the lamp is as follows The equivalency code is of the form: Wattage–Reflector type code–UV code The following reflector type code shall be used in the equivalency code: O for non-reflector lamps; B for lamps with a broad reflector angle α > 230 °; N for lamps with a narrow reflector angle α < 200 °; R for lamps with a regular reflector 200 ° ≤ α ≤ 230 ° The following UV code shall be used in the equivalency code: UV code = X / Y ; X = total erythema effective UV irradiance over the range 250 nm – 400 nm; Y = ratio of the NMSC effective UV irradiances ≤ 320 nm and > 320 nm X is to be given in mW/m rounded to the nearest integer, Y is to be rounded to the nearest first decimal The effective values are at 25 cm distance and under conditions of optimum UV irradiance NOTE An example of a lamp equivalency code is given below: 100 W reflector lamp with 220° reflector angle Erythema effective UV irradiance (250 nm – 400 nm) = 47 mW/m Short wave NMSC effective UV irradiance (≤ 320 nm) = 61 mW/m Long wave NMSC effective UV irradiance (> 320 nm) = 19 mW/m The equivalency code of the lamp is: 100–R–47/3,2 BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 – 32 – 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) Annex DD (informative) Guidelines for the development of an exposure time schedule This annex provides detailed information about the requirements for an exposure time schedule • The exposure time schedule need not depend on the skin type • The recommended exposure time for the first exposure for untanned skin should not exceed that required to provide a dose of 100 J/m , weighted according to the erythema action spectrum shown in Figure 103, or as a result of a test on a small area of the skin For calculation of the recommended exposure time for the first exposure, use the formula in Note of 32.101 • Wait 48 h between first and second exposure, since delayed unexpected side effects can occur until 48 h after the first exposure NOTE The reason for the small first dose is to check for unexpected side effects following to any UV exposure This reason should be explained to the user • The recommended exposure time for the second exposure for untanned skin should not exceed that required to provide a dose of 250 J/m , weighted according to the erythema action spectrum shown in Figure 103 • A single dose should not exceed 600 J/m , weighted according to the erythema action spectrum shown in Figure 103 }NOTE Z101 The second and following exposures should be at least 10 min.~ • Waiting period between subsequent exposures should be approximately 48 h due to cumulative behaviour of the erythemal reaction • A tanning course (a consecutive series of exposures) should not exceed a total dose of kJ/m , weighted according to the erythema action spectrum shown in Figure 103 • Increases in the dose should be applied gradually over the period of the tanning course • The recommended number of exposures per year for each part of the body is to be based upon a maximum yearly dose of 25 kJ/m , weighted according to the non-melanoma skin cancer action spectrum shown in Figure 103 and taking into account the recommended schedule of exposure }NOTEZ102 As any exposure to UV radiation increases the risk of skin cancer, there is no safe value of maximum yearly dose.~ BS EN 60335-2-27:2013 60335-2-27 IEC:2009(E) – 33 – Bibliography The bibliography of Part is applicable except as follows Addition: IEC 61228, Fluorescent ultraviolet lamps used for tanning – Measurement and specification method }NOTE Harmonized as EN 61228 (not modified).~ ISO 3864-1, Graphical symbols – Safety colours and safety signs – Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment – Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces – Part 1: Hot surfaces 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