Bsi bs en 50289 1 1 2017

BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 BSI Standards Publication Communication cables — Specifications for test methods Part 1-1: Electrical test methods — General requirements BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 50289-1-1:2017 It supersedes BS EN 50289-1-1:2001 which is withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/46, Cables, wires and waveguides, radio frequency connectors and accessories for communication and signalling A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 580 94376 ICS 33.120.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2017 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50289-1-1 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM March 2017 ICS 33.120.20 Supersedes EN 50289-1-1:2001 English Version Communication cables - Specifications for test methods - Part 11: Electrical test methods - General requirements Câbles de communication - Spécifications des méthodes d'essai Partie 1-1: Méthodes d'essais électriques Prescriptions generals Kommunikationskabel - Spezifikationen für Prüfverfahren Teil 1-1: Elektrische Prüfverfahren - Allgemeines This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2016-12-16 CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members Ref No EN 50289-1-1:2017 E BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Contents Page European foreword Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Sampling 4.1 4.2 Cable under test (CUT) Pre-conditioning 5 Tests Test conditions 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Measurement methods and equipment 7.1 7.2 7.3 Ambient temperature Tolerance on temperature values Frequency and waveform of test voltages for dielectric strength test Frequency range and stability for frequency related measurements Measurement on drums Calibration Requirements for balanced to unbalanced converters (Baluns) Balun-less test method Test report 14 Annex A (informative) Example derivation of mixed mode parameters using the modal decomposition technique 15 Annex B (informative) Verification artefacts 18 Bibliography 21 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 European foreword This document [EN 50289-1-1:2017] has been prepared by CLC/TC 46X "Communication cables" The following dates are fixed: • latest date by which this document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2017-09-16 • latest date by which the national standards with this document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2019-12-16 conflicting This document supersedes EN 50289-1-1:2001 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights EN 50289-1, Communication cables — Specifications for test methods, is currently composed with the following parts: — Part 1-1: Electrical test methods — General requirements; — Part 1-2: Electrical test methods — DC resistance; — Part 1-3: Electrical test methods — Dielectric strength; — Part 1-4: Electrical test methods — Insulation resistance; — Part 1-5: Electrical test methods — Capacitance; — Part 1-6: Electrical test methods — Electromagnetic performance; — Part 1-7: Electrical test methods — Velocity of propagation; — Part 1-8: Electrical test methods — Attenuation; — Part 1-9: Electrical test methods — Unbalance attenuation (longitudinal conversion loss, longitudinal conversion transfer loss); — Part 1-10: Electrical test methods — Crosstalk; — Part 1-11: Electrical test methods — Characteristic impedance, input impedance, return loss; — Part 1-12: Electrical test methods — Inductance; — Part 1-13: Electrical test methods — Coupling attenuation or screening attenuation of patch cords / coaxial cable assemblies / pre-connectorised cables; — Part 1-14: Electrical test methods — Coupling attenuation or screening attenuation of connecting hardware; — Part 1-15: Electromagnetic performance — Coupling attenuation of links and channels (Laboratory conditions); — Part 1-16: Electromagnetic performance — Coupling attenuation of cable assemblies (Field conditions); — Part 1-17: Electrical test methods — Exogenous Crosstalk ExNEXT and ExFEXT BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Scope This European Standard specifies the electrical test methods for cables used in analogue and digital communication systems Part of EN 50289 consists of the following documents: – Part 1-1 General requirements – Part 1-2 DC resistance – Part 1-3 Dielectric strength – Part 1-4 Insulation resistance – Part 1-5 Capacitance – Part 1-6 Electromagnetic performance – Part 1-7 Velocity of propagation – Part 1-8 Attenuation – Part 1-9 Unbalance attenuation (longitudinal conversation loss, longitudinal conversion transfer loss) – Part 1-10 Crosstalk – Part 1-11 Characteristic impedance, input impedance, return loss – Part 1-12 Inductance – Part 1-13 Coupling attenuation or screening attenuation of patch cords / coaxial cable assemblies / pre-connectorised cables – Part 1-14 Coupling attenuation or screening attenuation of connecting hardware – Part 1-15 Coupling attenuation of links and channels (Laboratory conditions) – Part 1-16 Coupling attenuation of cable assemblies (Field conditions) – Part 1-17 Exogenous Crosstalk ExNEXT and ExFEXT Further test details (e.g temperature, duration) and/or test requirements are given in the relevant cable standard Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 50289-1-9, Communication cables - Specifications for test methods - Part 1-9: Electrical test methods Unbalance attenuation (longitudinal conversion loss, longitudinal conversion transfer loss) EN 50290-1-2, Communication cables - Part 1-2: Definitions EN 61169-16, Radio-frequency connectors - Part 16: Sectional specification - RF coaxial connectors with inner diameter of outer conductor mm (0,276 in) with screw coupling - Characteristic impedance 50 ohms (75 ohms) (type N)(IEC61169-16) BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 IEC 60169-15, Radio-frequency connectors — Part 15: R.F coaxial connectors with inner diameter of outer conductor 4.13 mm (0.163 in) with screw coupling — Characteristic impedance 50 ohms (Type SMA) Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 50290-1-2 and the following apply 3.1 single ended measurement with respect to a fixed potential, usually ground 3.2 mixed mode (parameter or measurement) parameters or measurements containing differential mode, common mode, and intermodal S-matrices 3.3 intermodal (parameter or measurement) parameter or measurement that either sources on the common mode and measures on the differential mode or, sources on the differential mode and measures on the common mode 4.1 Sampling Cable under test (CUT) Unless otherwise specified in the relevant test method, the length of CUT shall be selected to take into account the dynamic range of the measuring equipment and the frequency range specified to yield the required level of accuracy The length shall be measured with better accuracy than % unless otherwise stated in the relevant cable specification 4.2 Pre-conditioning The CUT shall be pre-conditioned at a constant ambient temperature for such time as to allow the specimen temperature to stabilize according to 6.1 Tests The tests required and performance characteristics applicable to each type of cable are given in the relevant cable standard 6.1 Test conditions Ambient temperature Tests shall be made at an ambient temperature within the range 15°C to 35°C unless otherwise specified 6.2 Tolerance on temperature values Unless otherwise specified in the relevant specification, the tolerance on temperature shall be ± 2°C 6.3 Frequency and waveform of test voltages for dielectric strength test Unless otherwise specified, the test voltage shall be in the frequency range 40 Hz to 62 Hz of approximately sine-wave form, the peak ratio value/r.m.s value being equal to given are r.m.s with a tolerance of ± % The values BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 6.4 Frequency range and stability for frequency related measurements The required frequency range is specified in the relevant sectional specification The sweep shall be linear or logarithmic such that: f stop − f start f step = n −1  f stop K =  f start      for linear sweep and ( ) 1/ n −1 for logarithmic sweep where f start lowest specified frequency; f stop highest specified frequency; f step linear frequency increment, constant over the whole specified frequency range; n number of frequency points; K ratio of two successive frequency points at logarithmic sweep The minimum number of frequency points shall be chosen to point out frequency dependent cable characteristics Unless otherwise specified the minimum number of frequency points shall be 6.5 200 points in the range 10 kHz – 100 kHz, 200 points in the range 100 kHz – MHz, 200 points in the range MHz – 16 MHz, 400 points in the range MHz – 100 MHz, 800 points in the range MHz – 600 MHz, 000 points in the range MHz – 000 MHz, 600 points in the range MHz – 000 MHz Measurement on drums Unless otherwise specified or special cable-specific characteristics need to be taken into account, the cables shall be measured on drums or coils 7.1 Measurement methods and equipment Calibration The equipment calibration shall be considered as a part of the quality system 7.2 Requirements for balanced to unbalanced converters (Baluns) Several classes of baluns with different performance levels are defined in order to facilitate measurements in different frequency ranges with commercially available baluns as appropriate The baluns may be balun transformers or 180° hybrids with attenuators to improve matching if needed (see Figure 1) BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Figure — 180° hybrid used as a balun Baluns shall be RFI shielded and shall comply with the requirements given in Table Depending on the frequency range different requirements are specified For frequencies higher than GHz balunless measurement technique is recommended (see clause 7.3) Generally, it is advantageous to choose a balun with the same common mode impedance as the cable under test However, in practice this is hardly possible as it is unreasonable to provide separate measurements equipment for each cable type Often the best performance for differential mode is achieved when the centre tap of the secondary winding of the balun is grounded; meaning the nominal common mode impedance is 25 Ω Then the results can directly be compared to results achieved by balunless measurement technique when 50 Ω ports are used without mathematical impedance transformation of the latter results In case of balance measurement where the centre tap of the secondary winding of the balun cannot be grounded, compare balance measurement results achieved with balun-based measurement technique to results achieved with balunless measurements technique the procedures described in EN 50289-1-9 shall be considered Unless otherwise specified the rules specifying the common mode termination for balance measurements according to EN 50289-1-9 shall be applied in case of doubt The reference common mode impedance specified accordingly may be different to the reference common mode impedance of the cabling system the cable is intended to be used for Table — Test balun performance characteristics Parameter Class A to 250 MHz Class A 1000 to 000 MHz Class A 2000 to 000 MHz Impedance, primarya 50 Ω unbalanced 50 Ω unbalanced 50 Ω unbalanced 50 Ω unbalanced Impedance, secondary Matched balanced Matched balanced Matched balanced Matched balanced Insertion losse dB maximum dB maximum dB maximum dB, 1-3 MHz dB, 3-15 MHz dB, 15-1 000 MHz dB, 000-2 000 MHz Return loss secondary, minimum 20 dB 12 dB, 1-15 MHz 20 dB, 15-500 MHz 12 dB, 4-15 MHz 20 dB, 15-550 MHz 17,5 dB, 550-600 MHz 10 dB, 600-1000 MHz dB, 1-3 MHz 12 dB, 3-15 MHz 20 dB, 15-1 000 MHz 18 dB, 000-2 000 MHz d 250 Class A to 500 MHz 500 d d d BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Return loss, common modeb, minimum 10 dB 15 dB, 1-15 MHz 20 dB, 15-400 MHz 15 dB, 400-500 MHz 15 dB, 4-15 MHz 20 dB, 15-400 MHz 15 dB, 400-600 MHz 10 dB, 600-1000 MHz dB, 1-3 MHz 10 dB, 3-500 MHz ffs., 500-2 000 MHz Power rating 0,1 Watt minimum 0,1 Watt minimum 0,1 Watt minimum 0,1 Watt minimum Longitudinal balancec, minimum 60 dB 60 dB, 1-100 MHz 50 dB, 100-500 MHz 60 dB, 4-350 MHz 50 dB, 350-600 MHz 40 dB, 600-1 000 MHz 60 dB, 1-100 MHz 50 dB, 100-500 MHz 42 dB, 500-1 000 MHz 34 dB, 000-2 000 MHz Output signal balancec, minimum 50 dB 50 dB 60 dB, 4-350 MHz 50 dB, 350-600 MHz 40 dB, 600-1 000 MHz ffs Common mode rejectionc, minimum 50 dB 50 dB 50 dB, 4-600 MHz 40 dB, 600-1 000 MHz 50 dB, 1-500 MHz 42 dB, 500-1 000 MHz 34 dB, 000-2 000 MHz Primary impedance may differ, if necessary to accommodate analyser outputs other than 50 Ω Measured either by connecting the balanced output terminals together and measuring the return loss The unbalanced balun input terminal shall be terminated by a 50 Ω load Or measured at the commonmode port – if available – while terminating the balanced port for differential and common mode c Measured per ITU-T Recommendations G.117 and O.9 d For 120 Ω cables, 120 Ω baluns will be used only in cases where it is requested by the user Usually 100 Ω baluns will be used e In case separate attenuators are used, they shall be excluded from the insertion loss measurement NOTE An overview of the configuration for the measurement of certain parameters is provided by EN 60512-27-100 a b 7.3 7.3.1 Balun-less test method Test equipment The test procedures hereby described require the use of a vector network analyser or similar test equipment The analyser shall have the capability of full 4-port calibration and shall include the capability for isolation calibrations The analyser shall cover at least the full frequency range of the cable or cabling under test (CUT) Measurements shall be taken using a mixed mode test set-up, which is often referred to as an unbalanced, modal decomposition or balun-less setup This allows measurements of balanced devices without use of an RF balun in the signal path With such a test set-up, all balanced and unbalanced parameters can be measured over the full frequency range Such a configuration allows testing with both a common or differential mode stimulus and responses, ensuring that intermodal parameters can be measured without reconnection BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Figure — Diagram of a single-ended 4-port device The 4-port device in figure is characterized by the 16 term SE S-matrix given in Formula (1), in which the S-parameter Sba expresses the relation between a single-ended response on port “b” resulting from a single ended stimulus on port “a”  S11 S12 S S S =  S 21 S 22  S 31 S 32  41 42 S13 S 23 S 33 S 34 S14  S 24  S 34  S 44   (1) For a balanced device, each port is considered to consist of a pair of terminals (= a balanced port) as opposed to the SE ports defined above, see figure Figure — Diagram of a balanced port device In order to characterize the balanced device, both the differential mode and the common mode signals on each balanced port shall be considered The device can be characterized by a mixed mode S-matrix that includes all combinations of modes and ports, e.g the mixed mode S-parameter SDC21 that expresses the relation between a differential mode response on port resulting from a common mode stimulus on port Using this nomenclature, the full set of mixed mode S-parameters for a 2-port can be presented as in table 10 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Table — Mixed mode S-parameter nomenclature Differential mode stimulus Common mode stimulus Port Port Port Port Differential mode response Port SDD11 SDD12 SDC11 SDC12 Port SDD21 SDD22 SDC21 SDC22 Common mode response Port SCD11 SCD12 SCC11 SCC12 Port SCD21 SCD22 SCC21 SCC22 A 4-terminal device can be represented both as a 4-port SE device as in figure characterized by a single ended S-matrix (Formula (1)) and as a port balanced device as in figure characterized by a mixed mode S-matrix (see table 2) As applying a SE signal to a port is mathematically equivalent to applying superposed differential and common mode signals, the SE and the mixed mode characterizations of the device are interrelated The conversion from SE to mixed mode S-parameters is given in Annex A Making use of this conversion, the mixed mode S-parameters may be derived from the measured SE S-matrix 7.3.3 Coaxial cables and interconnect for network analysers Assuming that the characteristic impedance of the network analyser is 50 Ω, coaxial cables used to interconnect the network analyser, switching matrix and the test fixture shall be of 50 Ω characteristic impedance and of low transfer impedance (double screen or more) These coaxial cables shall be as short as possible (It is recommended that they not exceed 000 mm each.) The screens of each cable shall be electrically bonded to a common ground plane, with the screens of the cable bonded to each other at multiple points along their length To optimize dynamic range, the total interconnecting cable insertion loss shall be minimized (It is recommended that the interconnecting cable loss does not exceed dB at 000 MHz.) 7.3.4 Reference loads for calibration The N-Connector shall be seen as a possible sample Other connectors can be used for similar purposes such as e.g SMA-Connectors Some test equipment even use none standardized fixtures To perform a one or 2-port calibration of the test equipment, a short circuit, an open circuit and a reference load are required These devices shall be used to obtain a calibration The reference load shall be calibrated against a calibration reference, which should be a 50 Ω load, traceable to an international reference standard One 50 Ω reference load shall be calibrated against the calibration reference The reference load for calibration shall be placed in an N-type connector according to EN 61169-16 or an SMA Connector according to IEC 60169-15, meant for panel mounting, which is machined flat on the back side, see Figure For frequencies higher than GHz, a SMA Connector should be used The load shall be fixed to the flat side of the connector A network analyser shall be calibrated, 1-port full calibration, with the calibration reference Thereafter, the return loss of the reference load for calibration shall be measured The verified return loss shall be ≥46 dB at frequencies up to 100 MHz and ≥40 dB at frequencies above 100 MHz and up to the limit for which the measurements shall be carried out 11 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Figure — Possible solution for calibration of reference loads For short and open circuit references, the inductance and capacitance shall be minimized 7.3.5 Calibration Isolation measurements should be used as part of the calibration The calibration shall be equivalent to a minimum of a full 4-port SE calibration for measurements where the response and stimulus ports are the same (Sxx11 and Sxx22), and a minimum of a full 4-port SE calibration for measurements where the response and stimulus ports are different (Sxx12 and Sxx21) An individual calibration shall be performed for each signal path used for the measurements If a complete switching matrix and 4-port network analyser test setup is used, a full set of measurements for a 4-pair device (i.e 16 single-ended ports), will require 28 separate 4-port calibrations, although many of the measurements within each calibration are in common with other calibrations A software or hardware package may be used to minimize the number of calibration measurements required The calibration shall be applied such that the calibration plane shall be at the ends of the fixed connectors of the test fixture The calibration may be performed at the test interface using appropriate calibration artefacts, or at the ends of the coaxial test cable using coaxial terminations Where calibration is performed at the test interface, open, short and load measurements shall be taken on each SE port concerned, and through and isolation measurements shall be taken on every pair combination of those ports Where calibration is performed at the end of the coaxial test cables, open, short and load measurements shall be taken on each port concerned, and through and isolation measurements shall be taken on every pair combination of those ports In addition, the test fixture shall then be de-embedded from the measurements The de-embedding techniques shall incorporate a fully populated 16 port S-matrix It is not acceptable to perform a de-embedded calibration using only reflection terms (S11, S22, S33, S44) or only near-end terms (S11, S21, S12, S22) De-embedding using reduced term S-matrices may be used for post processing of results 7.3.6 7.3.6.1 Termination loads for termination of conductor pairs General When this document is used for measurement of performance against standards, the differential mode terminations applied to the cable or cabling under test (CUT) shall provide the differential mode and common mode reference termination impedances specified in standards for the cabling system where cable or cabling under test (CUT) is used 50 Ω differential mode to ground terminations shall be used on all active pairs under test 50 Ω differential mode to ground terminations shall be used on all inactive pairs and on the opposite ends of active pairs for NEXT and FEXT testing Inactive pairs for return loss testing shall be terminated with 50 Ω differential mode to ground terminations See Figure 12 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Figure — Resistor termination networks Small geometry chip resistors shall be used for the construction of resistor terminations The two 50 Ω DM terminating resistors shall be matched to within 0,1 % at DC, and % at 000 MHz (corresponding to a 40 dB return loss requirement at 000 MHz) The length of connections to impedance terminating resistors shall be minimized Use of soldered connections without leads is recommended 7.3.6.2 Verification of termination loads The performance of impedance matching resistor termination networks shall be verified by measuring the return loss of the termination and the residual NEXT between any two resistor termination networks at the calibration plane For the return loss measurement, a 2-port SE calibration is required using a reference load verified according to 7.3.5 After calibration, connect the resistor termination network and perform a full 2-port SE S-matrix measurement The measured SE S-matrix shall be transformed into the associated mixed mode S-matrix to obtain the S-parameters SDD11 and SCC11 from which the differential mode return loss RLDM and the common mode return loss RLCM are determined The return loss of the resistor termination network shall meet the requirements of table For the residual NEXT measurement, a four port SE calibration is required After calibration, connect the resistor termination networks and perform a full four-port SE S-matrix measurement The measured S-matrix shall be transformed into the associated mixed mode S-matrix to obtain the S-parameter SDD21 or SDD12 from which the residual NEXT of the terminations, NEXTresidual_term, is determined The residual NEXT shall meet the requirements of Table For the TCL measurement, a 2-port SE calibration is required using a reference load verified according to 7.3.5 After calibration, connect the resistor termination network and perform a full 2-port SE S-matrix measurement The measured SE S-matrix shall be transformed into the associated mixed mode S-matrix to obtain the S-parameter SCD11 from which the differential mode TCL is determined The TCL of the resistor termination network shall meet the requirements of Table 13 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Table — Requirements for terminations at calibration plane Parameter Frequency MHz Requirement up to maximum frequency SE Port (50 Ω) return loss (dB) ≥74-20 log(f) dB 40 dB max 20 dB DM Port (100 Ω) return loss (dB) ≥74-20 log(f) dB 40 dB max 20 dB ≤ f ≤ fmax DM Port to port residual NEXT (dB) ≥140-20 log(f) dB 104 dB max 80 dB DM Port TCL of loads (dB) ≥ 60-10 log(f) dB 50 dB max 20 dB 7.3.7 Termination of screens The screen or screens of the cable under test shall be fixed to the ground plane as close as possible to the calibration plane Test report The test report shall show the relevant measuring conditions including their tolerances together with the measurement results and their accuracy 14 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Annex A (informative) Example derivation of mixed mode parameters using the modal decomposition technique It is not a requirement of this standard to require that a full derivation is produced, and any method of extracting the required S-parameters is acceptable This may be achieved by the use of network analyser hardware functions, specific mathematical software, or by circuit simulation tools Annex A presents a summary of how to derive mixed mode parameters from 4-port measurements of Sparameters See Figure A.1 Key V voltage I current Figure A.1 — Voltage and current on balanced cable or cabling under test (CUT) An impedance matrix (Z) of the cable or cabling under test (CUT) can be calculated based on Formula (A.1): V   V1   Z11 Z12  V2  =  Z 21 Z 22    Z 31 Z 32  V4   Z Z 42    41 Z13 Z 23 Z 33 Z 43 I  Z14    I Z 24    I  Z 34    I Z 44        (A.1) The modal domain impedance matrix [Zm] is then calculated from Formula (A.2) below, using the conversion matrices given in Formula (A.3) and Formula (A.4): Z m = Pe−1ZQ e (A.2) P −1   Pe−1 =   P −1    (A.3) Q   Q e =  Q   (A.4) In the case of a pair cable or cabling under test (CUT), the size of the conversion matrices becomes ˣ with the values given in Formula (A.5) and Formula (A.6): 15 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017   1  P=  − 1   (A.5)  1 Q=  −1  (A.6) 1  2  2 The conversion matrices replace the Balun transformers and are referred to as mathematical baluns, producing Formula (A.7) and Formula (A.8):  V1  V   V2      = Pe  V4     I1  I  I  = Q e  3 I     VD1  V   V C1   D2   VC2    (A.7)  ID1  I  I C1   D2  IC2    (A.8) Substituting Formula (A.7) and Formula (A.8) into Formula (A.1), we obtain Formula (A.9) which is equivalent to a set of hybrid transformers attached at each end of the cable pair as described in Figure A.2 V   Z m  V D1   11 m V C  =  Z 21  D2  Z m VC   31 Zm    41 m Z 12 m Z 22 m Z 32 m Z 42 m Z 13 m Z 23 m Z 33 m Z 43 m  I  Z 14 D1    I m Z 24  I C1  m   D2  Z 34 I m   C2  Z 44    (A.9) Figure A.2 — Voltage and current on unbalanced DUT For the measurements concerned in this document, S-parameters are measured and converted into Zparameters The Z-parameter matrix of a 2n-port circuits can derived using Formula (A.10): Z= 16 R E + S  E − S     −1 R (A.10) BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Where E is a 2n × 2n unit matrix and R is given by Formula (A.11): R2  r  r2 =    …  …  0       r2n   (A.11) Where r x is the impedance of the measurement port, typically 50 Ω, giving Formula (A.12): R2  50 …  0 50 =     …        50   (A.12) The S-parameters in the modal domain are then calculated using Formula (A.13), giving Formula (A.14): S m Rm = Rm − Z m − R  Z m + R  m   m    r  m1 rm2 =    …  −1 Rm (A.13) …        rm2n   (A.14) By this method, it is possible to convert unbalance network analyser measurements into mixed mode Smatrices which contain both balanced and unbalanced parameters, as in Formula (A.15): S S 11 S 21  31 S  41 S12 S 22 S 32 S 42 S13 S 23 S 33 S 43 S S14   S DD11 S 24  ⇒  CD11 S 34  S DD21 S 44  S CD21  S DC11 S DD12 S CC11 S CD12 S DC21 S DD22 S CC21 S CD22 S DC12  S CC12  S DC22  S CC22   (A.15) 17 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Annex B (informative) Verification artefacts For verification of attenuation measurements a pair of coaxial attenuators can be used (see Figure B.1) Figure B.1 — Example of attenuation verification artefact With such artefact a nearly constant attenuation can be realized as shown in Figure B.2 In this case two 30.3 dB coaxial attenuator are used that can be verified by the usual quality-procedure available for passive coaxial devices 18 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Figure B.2 — Measurement of attenuation verification artefact For verification of Return Loss measurements a pair of coaxial loads can be used (see Figure B.3) Figure B.3 — Example of Return Loss verification artefact With such artefact a nearly constant RL and Impedance can be realized as shown in Figure B.4 In this case two 50 Ω coaxial loads are used that can be verified by the usual quality-procedure available for passive coaxial devices 19 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Figure B.4 — Measurement of RL verification artefact 20 BS EN 50289-1-1:2017 EN 50289-1-1:2017 Bibliography [1] IEC 61935-1, Specification for the testing of balanced and coaxial information technology cabling — Part 1: Installed balanced cabling as specified in ISO/IEC 11801 and related standards [2] Modal decomposition (Non-Balun) measurement technique: Error analysis and application to UTP/STP characterisation to 500MHz – Koichi Yanagawa and Jon Cross, Proc International Wire and Cable Symposium, 1995, p.126-133 [3] ITU-T/Recommendation G.117, Transmission aspect of unbalance about earth [4] ITU-T/Recommendation O.9, Measuring arrangements to assess the degree of unbalance about earth [5] EN 60512-27-100, Connectors for electronic equipment - Tests and measurements - Part 27-100: Signal integrity tests up to 500 MHz on IEC 60603-7 series connectors - Tests 27a to 27g [6] Combined Differential and Common-Mode: Scattering Parameters: Theory and Simulation – IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES, VOL 43, No 7, July 1995 – David E Eisenstadt, Senior Member, IEEE [7] The theory, measurement, and applications of mode specific scattering parameters with multiple modes of propagation – David E Bockelman, Thesis, University of Florida, 1997 21 This page deliberately left blank This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Reproducing extracts We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise 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