Bsi bs en 16704 2 2 2016

BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 BSI Standards Publication Railway applications — Track — Safety protection on the track during work Part 2-2: Common solutions and technology — Requirements for barriers BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16704-2-2:2016 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RAE/2, Railway Applications - Track A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2016 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 580 83487 ICS 93.100 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2016 Amendments/Corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM November 2016 ICS 93.100 English Version Railway applications - Track - Safety protection on the track during work - Part 2-2: Common solutions and technology - Requirements for barriers Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Protection et sécurité durant des travaux sur la voie - Partie 2-2: Solutions communes et technologie - Exigences relatives aux barrières Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Sicherungsmaßnahmen während Gleisbauarbeiten - Teil 2-2: Allgemeine Lösungen und Technologie - Anforderungen an Absperrungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on August 2016 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 16704-2-2:2016 E BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Contents Page European foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Specification of barriers 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.7.1 5.7.2 5.7.3 5.7.4 Requirements for barriers General Horizontal components 10 Mounting of horizontal components at different transversal distances 10 Extendable devices 11 Track gauge requirements 11 Height 11 Material 14 General 14 Special requirements for steel 14 Special requirements for timber 14 Material for weights and counterweights 14 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4.1 6.4.2 6.4.3 6.4.4 6.4.5 6.5 6.6 6.6.1 6.6.2 6.6.3 6.6.4 6.7 6.8 6.9 Test methods for stability requirements 14 General 14 Applying the loads 14 Description of sample erection 15 Tests for conformity with load requirements 16 General 16 Tests for deflection 16 Oscillation 20 Vibrations 21 Aerodynamics 21 Nets and protective plates 22 Electrical requirements 22 General requirements 22 Electrical resistance for horizontal components (guard rails) 22 Electrical resistance for vertical components (post) 22 Electrical requirements for 3rd rail 22 Marking 22 Test reports 23 Additional requirements for barriers in case of 3rd rail 23 Requirements for marking (visual demarcation line) 24 System approval 24 User manual 24 Annex A (informative) Special national conditions 26 Annex B (informative) Operational distance of barriers 28 Bibliography 29 BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) European foreword This document (EN 16704-2-2:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2017 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association This European Standard is one of the series EN 16704 “Railway applications – Track – Safety protection on the track during work” as listed below: — Part 1: Railway risks and common principles for protection of fixed and mobile work sites — Part 2-1: Common solutions and technology – Technical requirements for Track Warning Systems (TWS) — Part 2-2: Common solutions and technology – Technical requirements for barriers — Part 3: Competences of personnel related to work on or near tracks According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Introduction The purpose of this standard is to define and harmonize requirements for barriers to separate working zone and danger zone and to prevent workers from entering the danger zone unintentionally The purpose of this standard is not to define requirements: — for structural separation to provide safe train operation in the area of a work site(1); — for structural separation to provide safety on a work site during train operation(2) NOTE Examples for exclusions: (2) A barrier does not protect workers from items falling from passing trains (1) In case of crane operation on a work site the crane arm could hit or even intrude into the gauge of an open track and endanger the safety of train operation BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Scope This European Standard deals with requirements for barriers to give users the possibility to prevent workers from entering the danger zone unintentionally by the use of such barriers This standard defines minimum requirements and test procedures for these barriers concerning the dimensions, the stability and electrical properties This standard also gives recommendations for the marking (visual demarcation line) where a person would enter the danger zone For combinations of barriers and TWS see also EN 16704-2-1:2016 This standard contains references to electrical hazards from third rail systems NOTE Urban rail systems have the same situations but may have other individual track gauges EN 16704– does not cover Urban rail systems The use of barriers as a safety measure has the same intention independently of the kind of railway system This standard in particular does not deal with: — risk assessment for safety protection on the track during work; — hierarchy of safety measure for safety protection on the track during work; — safety measure to provide safe working and safe train operation in the area of a work site; — national safety regulations to plan and operate barriers in track; — safety regulations and additional requirements e.g due to national or operational rules or negotiation between the user and the manufacturer; — electrical hazards by different potential of different electrified circuits Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 364:1992, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height - Test methods EN 1263-1, Temporary works equipment - Safety nets - Part 1: Safety requirements, test methods EN 12811-2, Temporary works equipment - Part 2: Information on materials EN 12811-3:2002, Temporary works equipment - Part 3: Load testing EN 13374:2013, Temporary edge protection systems - Product specification - Test methods EN 14067-4, Railway applications - Aerodynamics - Part 4: Requirements and test procedures for aerodynamics on open track EN 50110-1, Operation of electrical installations - Part 1: General requirements EN 50110-2, Operation of electrical installations - Part 2: National annexes BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) EN 50122-1, Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit Part 1: Protective provisions against electric shock EN 50122-2, Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit Part 2: Provisions against the effects of stray currents caused by d.c traction systems EN 50122-3, Railway applications - Fixed installations - Electrical safety, earthing and the return circuit Part 3: Mutual Interaction of a.c and d.c traction systems EN 50125-3:2003, Railway applications - Environmental conditions for equipment - Part 3: Equipment for signalling and telecommunications EN ISO 13857, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857) Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document the following terms and definitions apply 3.1 danger zone area where a person, material or equipment can be struck by a railway vehicle or exposed to injury or fatality due to wind drag 3.2 separation method to keep apart the working zone and the danger zone of the adjacent track/operational track and to prevent workers from entering unintentionally into the danger zone Note to entry: Measures of separation are barriers, (steel) walls, work wagons, etc 3.3 visible separation marking of the beginning of the danger zone by visual demarcation lines e.g by bands 3.4 preventive separation separation that prevents unintentional entering of workers into the danger zone e.g by a barrier 3.5 barrier common technical solution to realize preventive separation by a set of components to separate working zone and danger zone and to prevent workers from entering the danger zone unintentionally 3.6 marking/visual demarcation line common technical solution to achieve limited separation by marking (visual demarcation line) of where a person would enter the danger zone Note to entry Separation by marking (visual demarcation line) is not an autonomous and independent measure for safety protection on the track during work (see Clause 8) BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) 3.7 module smallest entity of a barrier consisting of fixing and extendable devices, vertical and horizontal components (to be defined by the manufacturer in the manual) 3.8 extendable device adjustable component to realize different distances to the track or different heights above the rail 3.9 principal guardrail / upper horizontal component continuous horizontal component forming the top of the barrier 3.10 intermediate guardrail/intermediate horizontal component guardrail positioned between the principal guardrail and the working surface 3.11 intermediate protection protection barrier formed (e.g as a fencing structure or a safety net) between the principal guardrail and the working surface 3.12 post/vertical component principal vertical component to which horizontal components are attached 3.13 axis axis used in this standard are explained in Figure Key vertical longitudinal, horizontal transversal rail sleeper/bearer/slab track Figure — Track section plus position name and three axes BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Specification of barriers For the purposes of this document the following specifications apply Table — Specification of parameters for barriers type requirement clause max length of components 5.1 min./max height static stability test-load max deflection δ dynamic stability (oscillation) dynamic stability (vibration) dynamic stability (aerodynamic) electric requirements 3rd rail hazards marking 5.6 6.4.2.2.1 6.4.2.2.2 6.4.2.2.3 6.4.3 6.4.4 6.4.5 6.6 6.9 barrier marking lmax ≤ 3,20 m not specified value or objective prevention of unintentional entering into the dangerous zone defined by national rules (see also Annex A) 0,3 kN 50 mm 0,3 kN ➔ kN mm additional approval (calculation or testing) for a speed > 160 km/h no unintended influence on the signalling resistance between horizontal components: 50 kΩ at 500 V AC resistance between vertical components: 50 kΩ at 500 V AC structure or net (max 40 mm mesh) or other adequate measures according to the risk analysis red/white yellow/black blue objective limitative separation only, marking of the border of the danger zone by a visual demarcation line not specified not specified not specified not specified not specified not specified see Clause NOTE Separation by marking (visual demarcation line) is not an autonomous and independent measure for safety protection on the track during work (see Clause 7) BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key reference axis bottom of rail top of rail Figure —Permitted deflection with load at the vertical component 6.4.2.2.3 Static stability against longitudinal/horizontal load The vertical component which is subjected at the top to a horizontal force Fh of 0,3 kN, statically applied in both direction parallel to the track, shall have no visible permanent deformation and the maximum horizontal movement δh shall not be more than 50 mm (see Figure 9) NOTE Only one vertical component is subjected to the load Fh, the other vertical component is not loaded Figure — Maximum longitudinal movement of the vertical component 18 BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) 6.4.2.2.4 Static stability against vertical load The vertical component, which is subjected to a vertical force Fv of 0,3 kN on the top, statically applied, shall have no visible permanent deformation and the maximum vertical deflection δv shall not be more than 50 mm (see Figure 10) NOTE Only one vertical component is subjected to the load Fv, the other vertical component is not loaded The vertical component, which is subjected to a vertical force of 1,2 kN, statically applied at the lowest outer horizontal part, shall have no visible permanent deformation During the test a free deflection of the vertical component at its lowest outer horizontal part of minimum 200 mm shall be possible (see Figure 11) Principal and intermediate guardrails necessary to fulfil 5.2 shall be subjected to a vertical force Fv of 0,3 kN, statically applied in both directions at the most vulnerable point It shall have no visible permanent deformation and the maximum vertical movement δv shall not be more 50 mm (see Figure 12) Figure 10 — Test procedure A for deflection of the vertical component 19 BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Figure 11 — Test procedure B for deflection of the vertical component Figure 12 —Test procedure for deflection of the horizontal component 6.4.3 Oscillation This test can proceed after preliminary loading according to 6.4.2.1 has been applied to the module Principal and intermediate guardrails necessary to fulfil 5.2 shall be subjected to a transversal force Ft of 0,3 kN, statically applied in both directions to the track as shown in Figure 13 Each shall have no transversal oscillation δt,osc (t) of more than mm, s from removal of the force (equal to an oscillation amplitude of mm) 20 BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Figure 13 —Stability against oscillations 6.4.4 Vibrations Testing against vibration shall be done according to EN 50125-3:2003, 4.13.1 For the vibration tests, 30 per axis shall be carried out Table — Specification for barriers r.m.s Vertical acceleration m/s2 r.m.s Transversal acceleration m/s2 r.m.s Longitudinal acceleration m/s2 Figure Annex C (of EN 50125–3) On rail 280 140 50 C1 On ballast 10 10 10 C3 Positiona On sleeper Outside the trackb a b 130 2,3 50 2,3 90 2,3 Position is the point of fixation of the vertical components Outside of the track means in a distance from m to m from the rail C2 C4 For a distance of more than m vibrations generated by the track are insignificant NOTE Table according to EN 50125–3:2003, 4.13.1 6.4.5 Aerodynamics The barrier shall be able to resist a wind force caused by the passing of a train with at least 80 km/h as indicated in the standard EN 14067-4 For the passing of trains with a speed of more than 160 km/h additional aerodynamic calculations or approvals shall be done preferably according to EN 14067-4, or other European Standard 21 BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) NOTE The experiences in different countries and railway companies (e.g DB, RFI, ÖBB, Dutch Railways) show, that the static tests of this clause also cover dynamic requirements for the passing of trains with a speed up to 160 km/h NOTE Speed limitation during work could be part of national and operational rules following a risk assessment (see EN 16704–1:2016) 6.5 Nets and protective plates Safety nets and protective plates used as barrier or intermediate protection shall fulfil the requirements of 6.4 6.6 Electrical requirements 6.6.1 General requirements Installation of barriers shall not alter the functionality of the signalling and communications systems, in terms of both the isolation of individual tracks one from the other and earthed, both in respect of isolation of the insulated joints on the rails at the extremity of said circuits and in respect of rail circuit interference on adjacent tracks NOTE For electrical risks e.g caused by the traction return current, see also series EN 50122 6.6.2 Electrical resistance for horizontal components (guard rails) The electrical resistance between horizontal components shall be not less than 50 kΩ measured with 500 V AC The electrical tests should be performed at the operating frequency 6.6.3 Electrical resistance for vertical components (post) The electrical resistance between vertical components of a module via the horizontal components shall be not less than 50 kΩ measured with 500 V AC The electrical tests should be performed at the operating frequency 6.6.4 Electrical requirements for 3rd rail Additional requirements for barriers to be used in presence of a 3rd rail or in case of parallel existence of DC and AC lines are mentioned in 6.9 6.7 Marking All components of the barrier shall be permanently marked with the name and the type/model/version of barrier, so that the components can be identified and the approved and correct use can be checked by using the manual Horizontal components shall be marked in black and yellow or red and white (see Figure 14) NOTE Other colours for horizontal components are used according to national rules In the UK horizontal components may be marked in blue Figure 14 —Examples for marking of horizontal components 22 BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) 6.8 Test reports The test reports shall follow the outlines given in EN 12811-3:2002, Clause 9, but shall include at least the following: — description of the configuration of the barrier; — number, title and date of issue of this European Standard; — description of the sample including material specification; — photographs of and description of the testing structure; — description of the foundation during the test; — detailed description of the entire test procedure; — test results; — confirmation that the test was carried out in accordance with this standard 6.9 Additional requirements for barriers in case of 3rd rail This clause deals only with additional requirements in case of a live 3rd rail Stability tests have to include the 3rd rail protection components (different type of module) Electrical hazard has to be part of the risk-analysis, to define the necessary design and measures for safety during installation/de-installation and during work NOTE Due to the fact that a barrier according to this standard is only a measure to prevent workers from entering the danger zone unintentionally, a barrier in the standard configuration does not fulfil the purpose of safety for the worker concerning the electrical hazards mentioned above Electrical hazard due to the presence of a live 3rd rail can occur during installation, during de-installation and during work next to the active electrified 3rd rail The hazard can result from working in the dangerous area of a live 3rd rail and/or different potential of barrier and other conductive elements next to the barrier For protection against contact with a live 3rd rail during work it shall be possible to add an additional structure/net (max 40 mm mesh) to the barrier If this is not possible, other adequate measures according to the risk analysis shall be possible considering the following aspects: — voltage and geometric dimensions of the 3rd rail; — insulation of the 3rd rail itself; — distance of workers to the active electrified 3rd rail; — kind of work; — electrical qualification of the workers (ordinary, instructed and skilled); — national rules and rules of the railway infrastructure company; — EN ISO 13857; — EN 50122-1, EN 50122-2 and EN 50122-3; — EN 50110-1 and EN 50110-2 23 BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Requirements for marking (visual demarcation line) Marking (visual demarcation line) is not an autonomous and independent measure for safety protection on the track during work Therefore only the following recommendations for bands are given: — they should be made of HDPE (high-density polyethylene) with a thickness δmin,HDPE ≥ 35 μm or LDPE (low-density polyethylene) with a thickness δmin,LDPE of 70 μm; — they should have a width hmin ≥ 75 mm; — they should be marked red/white or yellow/ black (Figure 15) red/white yellow/ black Figure 15 —Examples for marking of flexible bands in blue, red/white or yellow/ black NOTE Other colours for bands are used according to national rules In the UK band is marked in blue In Portugal other marking systems are used for this purpose (e.g plastic orange net, red and white plastic chain) NOTE Other kinds of marking (visual demarcation line) are not excluded (e.g plastic chains) System approval The system shall be approved according to this standard by an independent and competent safety assessment organization accepted by the infrastructure manager User manual The user manual shall contain aspects for operation, handling (including transport, mounting and decommissioning), maintenance, environmental conditions and decommissioning of barriers, at least: — a description of the construction and functioning; — operating instructions for the safe method of use which shall be written in the appropriate language to cater for non-technical users; — instructions for special cases (installation and use) on a work-site; — instructions for the installation; — routine maintenance including any special precautions and periodicity; — maintenance; — technical information on: • • 24 user relevant system information (version, modifications); types of rails, sleepers and bearers for which the barrier is suitable; BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) • maximum speed for passage of trains; • tools • weight of the components; — instructions for decommissioning including safety and handling precautions and recommendations; — drawings, illustrations and data enabling all component parts to be readily identified and to allow procurement for replacement purposes; — a note for relevant rules (use also as proposal of best practice); — detailed contact information of the manufacturer; — criteria for rejecting components which are worn or damaged; — information on which jobs during assembly and disassembly of a length of 100 m of barrier have to be done in the danger zone It should include an estimate of the time for carrying out the work Separate, compact and durable user instructions should be provided for use at work sites 25 BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Annex A (informative) Special national conditions Table A.1 gives some information on special national conditions concerning the use of barriers, but the list does not claim to be exhaustive Table A.1 — Special national conditions for the use of barrier Country Austria France Germany UK other countries range (smin … smax) or values (s1, s2 …) hmin hmax hmax for distance “s” speed restriction a) during work b) outside of working hours mm mm mm mm km/h 2035 2285 2785 800a range: 1900 … 2500 880 1000 n.d means “not defined” NOTE Assessment date of Table A.1: 2014 880 1000 1900 < s ≤ 2200 2200 < s ≤ ∞ a) _ b) _ 880c n.d 1900 < s ≤ 2200 2200 < s ≤ ∞ a) 160 b) 200 1500b 880 n.d 2035 < s ≤ 2785 1900 < s ≤ 2200 2200 < s ≤ ∞ a) 120 b) 160 a) 200 b) 200 a) _ b) _ barriers only with protective panels c 880 mm above the bottom of the rail is equal to 750 mm above the top of the rail adding the minimum height of approx 130 mm of used/old rails with profile 49E1 A new profile 49E1 is a profile with a small height of only 149 mm a b For the SNCF the distances of 1250 mm, 1500 mm and 2000 mm are taken from the outer part of the track to the inner part of the barrier at the level of the horizontal components These values can be converted to distances from the inner part of the track to the inner part of the barrier at the level of the horizontal components by adding 67 mm for small profiles 49E1 or by adding 72 mm for larger profiles 60E1 It can be converted further to distances from the middle of the track to the inner part of the barrier by adding 1435 mm/2 additionally (for other track gauges than 1435 mm use the corresponding nominal track gauges) 26 BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) All values (e.g for height or distances) refer to straight horizontal tracks with a gauge of 1435 mm without cant For other track gauges than 1435 mm use the corresponding nominal track gauges Germany The operational distance is the range from 1900 mm up to 2500 mm from the middle of the track to the inner part of the barrier and this distance depends on the speed of the open track France The operational distances are 1250 mm, 1500 mm and 2000 mm from the outer part of the track to the inner part of the barrier at the level of the horizontal components These values are equal to 2035 mm, 2285 mm and 2785 mm from the middle of the track to the inner part of the barrier 27 BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Annex B (informative) Operational distance of barriers The distance from several different points of the track can be converted by using Table B.1 Table B.1 — Conversion of distances measured from different points to the inner part of the barrier Distance from … to the inner part of the barrier calculated for profile 49E1 distance sx from the middle of the track to the inner part of the barrier sx distance sx,i from the inner part of the rail to the inner part of the barrier sx,i distance sx,o from the outer part of the rail to the inner part of the barrier 1900 mm 1183 mm 1116 mm 2035 mm 1317 mm 1250 mm 2000 mm 1283 mm 2100 mm 1383 mm 2200 mm 1483 mm 2285 mm 1567 mm 2300 mm 1583 mm 2400 mm 1683 mm 2500 mm 2785 mm 1783 mm 2067 mm conversion by Formula (1) sx,o 1216 mm 1316 mm 1416 mm 1500 mm 1516 mm 1616 mm 1716 mm 2000 mm conversion by Formula (2) NOTE All values refer to straight horizontal tracks with a gauge of 1435 mm without rail cant (for other track gauges than 1435 mm use the corresponding nominal track gauges) The table is based on the following formulae: sx,i= sx − 1435 mm 1435 mm sx,o = sx − − b where: b = width of the head of the rail (depending on the kind of rail) b (profile 49E1) = 67 mm 28 (1) (2) BS EN 16704-2-2:2016 EN 16704-2-2:2016 (E) Bibliography [1] EN 16704-1:2016, Railway applications - Track - Safety protection on the track during work – Part 1: Railway risks and common principles for protection of fixed and mobile work sites [2] EN 16704-2-1:2016, Railway applications – Track – Safety protection on the track during work – Part 2-1: Common solutions and technology – Technical requirements for Track Warning Systems (TWS) [3] EN 16704-3:2016, Railway applications – Track – Safety protection on the track during work – Part 3: Competences of personnel related to work on or near the railway track [4] EN 15273-3, Railway applications - Gauges - Part 3: Structure gauges 29 This page deliberately left blank This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Reproducing extracts We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to 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