Bsi bs en 15436 2 2015

BS EN 15436-2:2015 BSI Standards Publication Road service area maintenance equipment Part 2: Performance assessment BS EN 15436-2:2015 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15436-2:2015 It supersedes BS EN 15436-2:2008 which is withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant and site safety A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2015 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 580 87751 ICS 43.160 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2015 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected EN 15436-2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM July 2015 ICS 43.160 Supersedes EN 15436-2:2008 English Version Road service area maintenance equipment - Part 2: Performance assessment Matériel d'entretien des dépendances routières - Partie 2: Evaluation des performances Straßenbetriebsdienstausstattung - Teil 2: Leistungsbewertung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 May 2015 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 15436-2:2015 E BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Terms and definitions 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 Cutting specifications check Articulated-arm grass cutter – brushcutter Cutting width (w) Cutting height (h) Cutting rotor stop time In-line flail mower Cutting width (w) Cutting height (h) Cutting tool stop time Mechanical plant cutting .7 Cutting width (w) Cutting tool stop time 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.5 5.2.6 5.2.7 5.2.8 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5 5.3.6 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5 5.4.6 5.4.7 Kinematic properties check General Articulated-arm grass cutters - brushcutters .9 General Horizontal range (A) 10 Embankment range (E) 10 Ditch range (D1) 10 Ditch range with slide rail (D2) 10 Offset (S) 13 Cutting head clearance angle 13 Cutting head rotation angle 13 In-line flail mower 13 General 13 Horizontal range (A) 14 Horizontal clearance (Dh) 14 Embankment range (R = E + F) 14 Ditch range (D = E + F) 15 Cutting head clearance angle 15 Mechanical plant cutting 15 General 15 Vertical range (B) 16 Hedge side range (I) 16 Hedge side position variation (Δ I) 17 Maximum hedge topping height (C) 17 Offset (Dp) 17 Cutting head clearance angle 18 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 Weights and dimensions check 18 General 18 Transport dimensions 20 General 20 Height (H) 20 Width (L1 + L2) 20 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) 6.2.4 6.3 Length (Lg1 + Lg2) 20 Total machine weight 20 Specifications check for machines driven over PTO shaft with mechanical or hydraulic power transmission 21 General 21 Measurements to be performed and data required 21 Hydraulic circuit oil temperature 21 Machine power supply 21 Cutting tool rotational speed 21 Cutting tool rotating torque 21 Cutting tool circumferential speed 22 Cutting head kinetic energy 22 Determination of power 22 General 22 Parameters to be measured 22 Formula to be applied 23 Performance characteristics 23 General 23 Maximum continuous power 23 Maximum instantaneous power 24 7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 7.2.4 7.2.5 7.2.6 7.3 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.4 7.4.1 7.4.2 7.4.3 8.1 8.2 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3 8.2.4 8.2.5 8.2.6 8.3 8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.4 8.4.1 8.4.2 8.4.3 Specifications check for machines with power supplied by the carrying vehicle hydraulics 25 General 25 Measurements to be performed and data required 25 Hydraulic circuit oil temperature 25 Machine power supply 25 Cutting tool rotational speed 25 Cutting tool rotating torque 25 Cutting tool circumferential speed 26 Cutting tool kinetic energy 26 Determination of power 26 General 26 Parameters to be measured 26 Formula to be applied 27 Performance characteristics 27 General 27 Maximum continuous power 27 Maximum instantaneous power 28 Annex A (informative) Presentation of results – Articulated-arm grass cutters – Brush cutters 29 Annex B (informative) Presentation of results – In-line flail mowers 32 Annex C (informative) Presentation of results – Mechanical plant cutting 34 Annex D (normative) Tests with movable arms 37 Bibliography 38 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Foreword This document (EN 15436-2:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 337 “Road operation equipment and products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR This document supersedes EN 15436-2:2008 This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2016 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights Compared to the previous version, this new standard includes few editorial corrections, wording improvements and technical precisions (e.g accuracy of some measurements) and a new Annex D dealing with the test protocol for the measurement of power at the tool EN 15436, Road service area maintenance equipment, is composed with the following parts: — Part 1: Terminology; — Part 2: Performance assessment [the present document]; — Part 3: Classification; — Part 4: Delivery acceptance of the machines by the users According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Introduction Road service area grass-cutting, brush-cutting and mechanical plant-cutting operations require special equipment that meets clearly defined technical criteria This European Standard defines and describes the test methods used to monitor, assess and measure the technical performance of new equipment (head of series) in its working configuration with the production-run requirements tool The accuracies indicated in this European Standard apply only to the measurements taken to assess the performance of the machines away from the plants BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies the accuracy of the performance measurement system of road service area maintenance equipment described in the scope of CEN/TC 337 and used for: — grass-cutting and brush-cutting; — mechanical plant-cutting This equipment is mounted on self-propelled carrying vehicles and is designed to cut and shred grass, brushwood, trees, saplings and bushes in road service areas This European Standard does not cover the collection and transportation of shredded grass Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 15436-1:2008, Road service area maintenance equipment - Part 1: Terminology Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15436-1:2008 apply Cutting specifications check 4.1 4.1.1 Articulated-arm grass cutter – brushcutter Cutting width (w) Cutting width is defined according to EN 15436-1:2008, 6.25 It is measured with an accuracy of ± 0,01 m and expressed in metres (m) 4.1.2 Cutting height (h) Cutting height is defined according to EN 15436-1:2008, 6.26 It is measured with an accuracy of ± 0,005 m and expressed in metres (m) In the case of continuous adjustment, the minimum and maximum heights should be measured In the case of intermittent adjustment, the various possible heights allowed by the cutting tool should be measured 4.1.3 Cutting rotor stop time The cutting rotor stop time is measured automatically, from the time the stop command is sent to the moment when the rotation speed is measured as being equal to The cutting rotor stop time is measured with an accuracy of ± 0,1 s and expressed in seconds (s) A distinction is made between the value of the stop times for open hydraulic circuits and for closed hydraulic circuits BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) 4.2 4.2.1 In-line flail mower Cutting width (w) The cutting width is measured with an accuracy of ± 0,01 m and expressed in metres (m) 4.2.2 Cutting height (h) The cutting height is measured with an accuracy of ± 0,005 m and expressed in metres (m) In the case of continuous adjustment, the minimum and maximum heights should be measured In the case of intermittent adjustment, the various possible heights allowed by the cutting tool should be measured 4.2.3 Cutting tool stop time The cutting rotor stop time is measured automatically, from the time the stop command is sent to the moment when the rotation speed is measured as being equal to The cutting rotor stop time is measured with an accuracy of ± 0,1 s and expressed in seconds (s) A distinction is made between the value of the stop times for open hydraulic circuits and for closed hydraulic circuits 4.3 4.3.1 Mechanical plant cutting Cutting width (w) The cutting width is measured with the engine off The cutting width is the distance measured between the active ends of the fingers of the bars, with the cutters of the blades or saws in the furthest possible position (Figure 1) The cutting width is measured with an accuracy of ± 0,01 m and expressed in metres (m) BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Key saw blade cutting width w reciprocating cutter bar fixed mobile Figure — Cutting width (w) 4.3.2 Cutting tool stop time The cutting tool stop time is measured automatically, from the time the stop command is sent to the moment when the rotation speed is measured as being equal to The cutting rotor stop time is measured with an accuracy of ± 0,5 s and expressed in seconds (s) A distinction is made between the value of the stop times for open hydraulic circuits and for closed hydraulic circuits 5.1 Kinematic properties check General In their design structure, all these machines have the same constituent elements, i.e a frame, articulated arms and a tool Whatever the shape and size of the components and any accessories that may be used, there is always an articulation between the frame and the primary arm The articulation which is very close to the frame is used to define three reference planes for the machine The kinematic properties of the different machines are then defined with respect to these reference planes See the definitions according to EN 15436-1:2008, 5.1 to 5.6 Given that the height, in relation to the ground plane of the primary arm–frame articulation changes the geometry of certain operating positions significantly, the horizontal reference plane of the machine is positioned at a height ZP from the ground specified by the manufacturer This height can vary BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) 8.2.5 Cutting tool circumferential speed The circumferential speed of a cutting tool can be calculated after having measured the angular speed of the knife shaft and the distance from the knife shaft axis to the end of the cutting element (knife): v = 2π r n where n is the cutting tool angular speed of rotation; r is the distance from knife shaft axis to the end of the cutting element, measured with an accuracy of +/− mm 8.2.6 Cutting tool kinetic energy The kinetic energy of a cutting head element can be calculated after having measured the circumferential speed and the mass of the cutting element (knife): E = m v2 where v is the cutting tool element circumferential speed; m is the cutting element mass The cutting head kinetic energy is obtained by multiplying the cutting tool element kinetic energy by the number of elements mounted on the cutting head Check that each element has: — the same mass m; — the same circumferential speed v and therefore the same distance r 8.3 Determination of power 8.3.1 General The design and choice of hydraulic circuit components and a rise in oil temperature can affect machine operation The power curve shall be determined according to the length of time the machine will be in operation This curve will show the following variations as a function of time and simultaneously: — the variation in the power at the tool; — the variation in the temperature of the hydraulic fluid 8.3.2 Parameters to be measured The parameters to be measured are as follows: — 26 the temperature of the hydraulic oil θh; BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) — the time t; — the cutting tool rotational speed n; — the rotating torque at the tool M 8.3.3 Formula to be applied The usable power at the tool is represented by Pu and expressed in kilowatts (kW) It is obtained from the torque measured at the tool and the rotational speed of the cutting tool: Pu = M × 2Π × n × 104 where M is the rotating torque of the cutting tool (see 8.2.4); n is the rotational speed of the cutting tool (see 8.2.3) 8.4 Performance characteristics 8.4.1 General The performance characteristics of the machines are expressed by three values: — the first two are related to the continuous operation of the machines and show that the power and efficiency are constant; — the third indicates the maximum power developed by the machine over a short period The measurements are made at an ambient temperature of (25 ± 5) °C 8.4.2 Maximum continuous power The power is provided with the rotor braked by an electromagnetic brake slaved to the power at the tool while measuring torque M, arms immovable and movable and away from the plants The parameters described in 8.3.2 are measured at most every minute for h, with the machine operating at full power for two periods of one and a half hours, separated by a one-hour period when the power is set to 2/3 of the maximum power specified by the manufacturer; this power is set to ± % The oil recommended by the manufacturer should be used Measuring begins when the temperature of the hydraulic circuit reaches the reference temperature θref = (40 ± 2) °C The tests with movable arms shall be in accordance with the protocol given in Annex D If, during the test, the hydraulic fluid temperature measurements exceed the maximum temperature specified by the manufacturer, the test should be stopped and the conditions under which the maximum temperature was exceeded should be noted — Power ratio This is the ratio of the power supplied to the machine measured at the maximum temperature θf obtained on the power supplied to the machine measured at the reference temperature θref The power ratio indicates a possible loss of power when the machine described above is in use 27 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) The power ratio is given by the coefficient γ: γ = Pf ( θ f ) Pf ( θref ) where — θref = 40 °C ± °C; θf is the temperature obtained after the machine has been in use for h, as described above Efficiency Efficiency is calculated at the given temperature θf defined above The efficiency is the ratio of the power at the tool on the power supplied at the machine It is given by the coefficient η: η= Pu (θ f ) Pf where θref = (40 ± 2) °C; θf is the temperature obtained after the machine has been in use for h, as described above; Pf is the power supplied to the machine (see 8.2.2) 8.4.3 Maximum instantaneous power The parameters described in 8.3.2 are not measured until all the following conditions are met: — the machine drive system is operating at its nominal rating ± %; — the temperature of the oil at the tank suction outlet is (40 ± 2) °C; it is measured at the top of the oil tank of the filler neck, with an accuracy of ± °C; — the tool is driven at its nominal rotational speed at ± %; — the resisting torque applied to the tool is such that the high pressure output pipe at the pump is at maximum pressure before the pressure relief valve is opened or before the pump flow is stopped, so that the speed of the tool is greater than or equal to 75 % of the no-load speed for a period of 10 The maximum instantaneous power is then the maximum power calculated with the formula given in 8.3.3 during this test 28 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Annex A (informative) Presentation of results – Articulated-arm grass cutters – Brush cutters Manufacturer: Model: Serial no Type: Year: : _ _ Cutting specifications Cutting tools _ _ Cutting width _ _ _ _ _ Cutting height _ _ _ _ _ Kinematic properties Cutting tools _ _ _ _ _ Embankment range _ Ditch range _ Ditch range with slide rail ∝1 ∝1+∝2 A Horizontal range XP A+XP Clearance angle Offset ∝2 29 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Key A machine model or type reference point embankment range horizontal range ditch range Figure A.1 — Representation of kinematic properties Weights and dimensions during transfer H ZP H ZP L1 L2 XP L1+XP L2+XP Lg1 Lg2 YP Lg1+YP Lg2+YP Height + Width Length 30 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Power specifications Key temperature - power time Figure A.2 — Power specifications 31 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Annex B (informative) Presentation of results – In-line flail mowers Manufacturer: Model: Serial no.: Type: Year: _ _ Cutting specifications Cutting tools _ _ _ _ _ Cutting width Cutting height Kinematic properties Cutting tools _ _ _ _ _ Horizontal clearance Embankment range Ditch range ∝1 ∝1+∝2 A Horizontal range XP A+XP Clearance angle 32 ∝2 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Weights and dimensions during transfer H ZP H ZP L1 L2 XP L1+XP L2+XP Lg1 Lg2 YP Lg1+YP Lg2+YP Height + Width Length Power specifications Key temperature - power time Figure B.1 — Power specifications 33 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Annex C (informative) Presentation of results – Mechanical plant cutting Manufacturer: Model: Serial no.: Type: Year: _ _ Cutting specifications Cutting tools _ _ Cutting height _ _ _ _ _ Kinematic properties Cutting tools _ _ _ Vertical range XP I+XP Hedge side position variation Δ (I) Maximum hedge topping height ∝1 ∝1+∝2 I Hedge side range Clearance angle Offset 34 ∝2 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Key A machine model or type reference point vertical range maximum hedge topping range hedge side range Figure C.1 — Representation of kinematic properties Weights and dimensions during transfer H ZP H ZP L1 L2 XP L1+XP L2+XP Lg1 Lg2 YP Lg1+YP Lg2+YP Height + Width Length 35 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Power specifications Key temperature - power time Figure C.2 — Power specifications 36 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Annex D (normative) Tests with movable arms To allow the arm movements during the maximum continuous power measurement, the test bench shall respect the next specifications: — the arm is arranged at the perpendicular of the drive shaft; — the arm movement is made by the boom cylinder; — the tool is disposed at 2/3 of the horizontal range, tool at ground, with an accuracy of ± 20 cm; — the tool is disposed at a height of m from ground for safety reasons, this height is the initial down position; — the amplitude of movements at the tool is 500 mm, with an accuracy of ± 10 cm; — the frequency of a down − up cycle is 30 s; — the arm raising speed is equal to 50 % of the measured maximum speed within an amplitude of meters, at the stabilized movement speed; — the arm lowering speed is equal to the minimum speed given by the manufacturer The next figure gives an example of tests bench that allows measuring the power at the tool during the arms movements: Figure D.1 37 BS EN 15436-2:2015 EN 15436-2:2015 (E) Bibliography [1] EN 745, Agricultural machinery — Rotary mowers and flail-mowers — Safety [2] EN 13524, Highway maintenance machines — Safety requirements [3] EN 60204 (all parts), Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines (IEC 60204) 38 This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW 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