BS EN 12896-3:2016 BSI Standards Publication Public transport — Reference data model Part 3: Timing information and vehicle scheduling BS EN 12896-3:2016 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12896-3:2016 Together with BS EN 12896-1:2016, BS EN 12896-2:2016, BS EN 12896-4, BS EN 12896-5, BS EN 12896-6, BS EN 12896-7 and BS EN 12896-8 it supersedes BS EN 12896:2006 which will be withdrawn upon publication of all parts of the series The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EPL/278, Intelligent transport systems A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2016 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 580 88459 ICS 35.240.60 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2016 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM September 2016 ICS 35.240.60 Supersedes EN 12896:2006 English Version Public transport - Reference data model - Part 3: Timing information and vehicle scheduling Télématique du transport routier et de la circulation Modèle de données de référence - Partie : Informations horaires et horaires des véhicules Öffentlicher Verkehr - Datenreferenzmodell - Teil 3: Taktinformationen und Fahrzeugdisposition This European Standard was approved by CEN on May 2016 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 12896-3:2016 E BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) Contents Page European foreword Introduction 1.1 1.2 1.3 Scope General scope of the Standard Functional domain description Particular scope of this document Normative references Terms and definitions Symbols and abbreviations 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5 5.3.6 5.3.7 5.3.8 5.3.9 5.3.10 5.3.11 5.4 5.5 5.5.1 5.6 5.6.1 5.6.2 5.6.3 5.7 5.7.1 5.7.2 5.8 5.8.1 5.8.2 Timing information and vehicle scheduling data domain Introduction Overview Model and document structure Journey and journey times Vehicle journey Service journey 11 Time demand times 14 Journey timing 16 Journey pattern times 19 Vehicle journey times 21 Interchange 25 Interchange rule 28 Coupled journey 29 Flexible service 36 Journey accounting 38 Dated journey – Conceptual model 39 Passing times 40 Passing times 40 Vehicle scheduling 42 Tactical resource planning 42 Resources for tactical planning 43 Vehicle service 43 Vehicle journey assignments 49 Train component label assignment 49 Stopping position assignment 50 Explicit frames 52 Timetable frame 52 Vehicle schedule frame 52 Bibliography 85 BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) European foreword This document (EN 12896-3:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 278 “Transmodel”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2017 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document together with documents EN 12896-1:2016 and EN 12896-2:2016 supersedes EN 12896:2006 The series composed of the following documents: Public transport - Reference data model - Part 1: Common concepts Public transport - Reference data model - Part 2: Public transport network Public transport - Reference data model - Part 3: Timing information and vehicle scheduling Public transport - Reference data model - Part 4: Operations monitoring and control Public transport - Reference data model - Part 5: Fare management Public transport - Reference data model - Part 6: Passenger information Public transport - Reference data model - Part 7: Driver management Public transport - Reference data model - Part 8: Management information and statistics Together these create version of the European Standard EN 12896, known as “Transmodel” and thus replace Transmodel V5.1 The split into several documents intends to ease the task of users interested in particular functional domains Modularisation of Transmodel, undertaken within the NeTEx project, has contributed significantly to this new edition of Transmodel In addition to the eight Parts of this European Standard, an informative Technical Report (Public transport – Reference data model – Informative documentation) is also being prepared to provide additional information to help those implementing projects involving the use of Transmodel It is intended that this Technical Report will be extended and republished as all the eight parts are completed According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) Introduction EN 12896-3 presents the following items: — rationale for the Transmodel Standard; — use of the Transmodel Standard; — applicability of the Transmodel Standard; — conformance statement; — Transmodel origins; — reference to the previous version and other documents The data structures represented in EN 12896-1 are generic patterns that are referenced by different other parts EN 12896-2 presents space-related data structures This European Standard presents time-related data structures and replaces the sections of EN 12896:2006 referring to the time-related tactical planning components and to vehicle scheduling BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) Scope 1.1 General scope of the Standard The main objective of the present standard is to present the reference data model for public transport, based on: — the reference data model, EN 12896, known as Transmodel V5.1; — EN 28701, known as IFOPT; incorporating the requirements of: — EN 15531-1 to −3 and CEN/TS 15531-4 and CEN/TS 15531-5, Service interface for real-time information relating to public transport operations (SIRI); — CEN/TS 16614-1 and CEN/TS 16614-2, Network and Timetable Exchange (NeTEx), in particular, the specific needs for long distance train operation A particular attention is drawn to the data model structure and methodology: — the data model is described in a modular form in order to facilitate the understanding and the use of the model; — the data model is entirely described in UML In particular, a Reference Data Model kernel is described, referring to the data domain: — network description: routes, lines, journey patterns, timing patterns, service patterns, scheduled stop points and stop places This part corresponds to the Transmodel V5.1 network description extended by the IFOPT relevant parts Furthermore, the following functional domains are considered: — timing information and vehicle scheduling (runtimes, vehicle journeys, day type-related vehicle schedules); — passenger information (planned and real-time); — fare management (fare structure, sales, validation, control); — operations monitoring and control: operating day-related data, vehicle follow-up, control actions; — management information and statistics (including data dedicated to service performance indicators); — driver management: — driver scheduling (day-type related driver schedules); — rostering (ordering of driver duties into sequences according to some chosen methods); — driving personnel disposition (assignment of logical drivers to physical drivers and recording of driver performance) BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) The data modules dedicated to cover most functions of the above domains will be specified Several concepts are shared by the different functional domains This data domain is called “common concepts” 1.2 Functional domain description The different functional domains taken into account in the present standard and of which the data have been represented as the reference data model are described in “Public transport reference data model part 1: Common concepts” They are: — public transport network and stop description; — timing information and vehicle scheduling; — passenger information; — fare management; — operations monitoring and control; — management information; — personnel management: driver scheduling, rostering, personnel disposition The aspects of multi-modal operation and multiple operators’ environment are also taken into account 1.3 Particular scope of this document The present European Standard entitled “Reference data model for public transport – Part 3: Timing information and vehicle scheduling” incorporates: — journey and journey times model: describes the time-related information at the level of vehicle journeys, i.e planned timing for the vehicles at day-type level; — dated journey model: describes the link of the timing information for a single operating day and the day type related timing; — passing times model: describes all the different types of passing times for the day type related information; — vehicle service model: describes the information related the work of vehicles as planned for days types it constitutes the main part of the vehicle scheduling data domain; — vehicle journey assignment model: describes operational assignments (advertised vehicle labels, stopping positions) related to particular vehicle journeys This document itself is composed of the following parts: — main document (normative) representing the data model; — Annex A (normative), containing the data dictionary and attributes tables, i.e the list of all the concepts present in the main document together with the definitions; — Annex B (informative), indicating the data model evolutions BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 12896-1:2016, Public transport - Reference data model - Part 1: Common concepts Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12896-1:2016 apply Symbols and abbreviations AVM Automated vehicle monitoring ISO International standards organization AVMS IFOPT IT NeTEx PT PTO SIRI UML URI URL Automated vehicle management system Identification of fixed objects in public transport Information technology Network and Timetable Exchange Public transport Public transport operator Service interface for real-time information Unified modelling language Uniform resource identifier Universal resource locator Timing information and vehicle scheduling data domain 5.1 Introduction The work of the vehicles necessary to provide the service offer advertised to the public consists of service journeys and dead runs (unproductive journeys are necessary to transfer vehicles where they are needed, mainly from the depot into service and vice versa) Vehicle journeys are defined for day types rather than individual operating days A day type is a classification of all operating days for which the same service offer has been planned The whole tactical planning process is seen on the level of day types in the reference data model, with all entities necessary to develop schedules These include a series of entities describing different types of run times and wait times, scheduled interchanges, turnaround times etc Chaining vehicle journeys into blocks of vehicle operations, and cutting driver duties from the vehicle blocks, are parts of the main functions of vehicle scheduling and driver scheduling, respectively The corresponding entities and relationships included in the reference data model allow a comprehensive description of the data needs associated with this functionality, independently of the particular methods and algorithms applied by the different software systems BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) 5.2 Overview 5.2.1 Model and document structure The timing information model is splits into four main sub-models defined as UML packages — Journey and journey times model: describes the time-related information at the level of vehicle journeys, i.e planned timing for the vehicles at day-type level It splits into: — vehicle journey model; — service journey model; — time demand times model; — journey timing model ; — journey pattern times model; — vehicle journey times model; — interchange model; — interchange rule model; — coupled journey model; — flexible service model; — journey accounting model; — dated journey model: describes the link of the timing information for a single operating day and the day type related timing; — passing times model: describes all the different types of passing times for the day type related information; — vehicle service model: describes the information related the work of vehicles as planned for days types It constitutes the main part of the vehicle scheduling data domain 5.3 Journey and journey times 5.3.1 Vehicle journey 5.3.1.1 VEHICLE JOURNEY – Conceptual model 5.3.1.1.1 General The daily operation of a vehicle is described by VEHICLE JOURNEYs A VEHICLE JOURNEY is the defined movement of a vehicle using a specified JOURNEY PATTERN on a particular ROUTE This movement is made between the first and the last POINTs IN JOURNEY PATTERN Being defined for a DAY TYPE (cf [7]), a VEHICLE JOURNEY is a class of journeys that would take place at the same time on each day of a specific DAY TYPE BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) TRAIN NUMBER (TI Vehicle Journey MODEL) Specification of codes assigned to particular VEHICLE JOURNEYs when operated by TRAINs or COMPOUND TRAINs according to a functional purpose (passenger information, operation follow-up, etc) Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): Classif ication Name «UID» Id Type ForAdvertisement normalizedString ForProduction normalizedString Description MultilingualString TURNAROUND TIME LIMIT (TI Journey Pattern Times MODEL) cardinality 1:1 0:1 0:1 0:1 The maximum time for which a vehicle may be scheduled to wait at a particular TIMING POINT (often included in a TURN STATION) without being returned to a PARKING POINT A minimum time for a vehicle to turn its direction may also be recorded This may be superseded by a DEAD RUN Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): JOURNEY TIMING Classif ication Name «UID» Id Type MinimumDuration duration MaximumDuration duration cardinality 0:1 0:1 1:1 TYPE OF COUPLING (TI Coupled Journey MODEL) A classification for COUPLING of BLOCK PARTs Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): Classif ication Name «UID» Id Type TYPE OF FLEXIBLE SERVICE (TI Flexible Service MODEL) A typology of flexible services: — Virtual line service — Flexible service with main route 74 cardinality 1:1 BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) — Corridor service — Fixed stop area-wide flexible service — Free area-wide flexible service — Mixed types of flexible service (not at POINT level) The type of flexibility can be defined at JOURNEY PATTERN level or at POINT IN JOURNEY PATTERN level in case of mixed types of flexible service inside the same JOURNEY PATTERN Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): Classif Name ication Type cardinality «UID» Id TYPE OF PRODUCT CATEGORY (TI Vehicle Journey MODEL) 1:1 A classification for VEHICLE JOURNEYs to express some common properties of journeys for marketing and fare products Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): Classif Name ication Type cardinality «UID» Id 1:1 TYPE OF SERVICE (TI Vehicle Journey MODEL) A classification for VEHICLE JOURNEYs and SPECIAL SERVICEs to express some common properties of journeys to be taken into account in the scheduling and/or operations control process Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): Classif ication Name Type «UID» Id cardinality 1:1 VEHICLE JOURNEY (TI Vehicle Journey MODEL) The planned movement of a public transport vehicle on a DAY TYPE from the start point to the end point of a JOURNEY PATTERN on a specified ROUTE Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): JOURNEY Classif ication Name Type cardinality 75 BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) «UID» Id DepartureTime time JourneyDuration duration 1:1 0:1 VEHICLE JOURNEY HEADWAY (TI Vehicle Journey Times MODEL) 0:1 Headway interval information that is available for a VEHICLE JOURNEY (to be understood as the delay between the previous and the next VEHICLE JOURNEY) This information must be consistent with HEADWAY JOURNEY GROUP if available (HEADWAY JOURNEY GROUP being a more detailed way of describing headway services) Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): JOURNEY HEADWAY Classif ication Name Type «UID» Id VEHICLE JOURNEY LAYOVER (TI Vehicle Journey Times MODEL) cardinality 1:1 A time allowance at the end of a specified VEHICLE JOURNEY This time supersedes any global layover or JOURNEY PATTERN LAYOVER Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): JOURNEY LAYOVER Classif ication Name Type «UID» Id VEHICLE JOURNEY RUN TIME (TI Vehicle Journey Times MODEL) cardinality 1:1 The time taken to traverse a specified TIMING LINK IN JOURNEY PATTERN on a specified VEHICLE JOURNEY This gives the most detailed control over times and overrides the DEFAULT SERVICE JOURNEY RUN TIME and JOURNEY PATTERN RUN TIME and the DEFAULT DEAD RUN RUN TIME Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): JOURNEY RUN TIME Classif ication «UID» Name Type Id VEHICLE JOURNEY WAIT TIME (TI Vehicle Journey Times MODEL) cardinality 1:1 The time for a vehicle to wait at a particular TIMING POINT IN JOURNEY PATTERN on a specified VEHICLE JOURNEY This wait time will override the JOURNEY PATTERN WAIT TIME Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): JOURNEY WAIT TIME Classif 76 Name Type cardinality BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) ication «UID» Id VEHICLE SCHEDULE FRAME (Vehicle Schedule Frame MODEL) 1:1 A coherent set of BLOCKS, COMPOUND BLOCKs, COURSEs of JOURNEY and VEHICLE SCHEDULEs to which the same set of VALIDITY CONDITIONs has been assigned Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): VERSION FRAME Classif ication «UID» Name Id Type cardinality 1:1 77 BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) VEHICLE SERVICE (TI Vehicle Service MODEL) A workplan for a vehicle for a whole day, planned for a specific DAY TYPE Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): Classif ication «UID» Name Type cardinality Id Name MultilingualString Description MultilingualString 1:1 0:1 0:1 VEHICLE SERVICE PART (TI Vehicle Service MODEL) A part of a VEHICLE SERVICE composed of one or more BLOCKs and limited by periods spent at the GARAGE managing the vehicle in question Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): Classif ication «UID» Name Type cardinality Id Name MultilingualString Description MultilingualString 1:1 0:1 0:1 VEHICLE TYPE PREFERENCE (TI Journey Pattern Times MODEL) The preference for the use of a particular VEHICLE TYPE for a SERVICE JOURNEY PATTERN, depending on the DAY TYPE and TIME DEMAND TYPE The rank of preferences shall be recorded Different VEHICLE TYPEs may be given the same rank Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): Classif ication Name «UID» Id Rank Type cardinality 1:1 positiveInteger VEHICLE TYPE STOP ASSIGNMENT (TI VA Stopping Position Assignment MODEL) 1:1 The allocation of a VEHICLE STOPPING POSITION of a VEHICLE TYPE for a particular VEHICLE JOURNEY Inherits from (empty if no inheritance): STOP ASSIGNMENT Classif 78 Name Type cardinality BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) ication «UID» Id OperationalOrientation 1:1 1:1 79 BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) Annex B (informative) Status of the Textual Descriptions and Model Evolution In order to allow the reader familiar with Transmodel V5.1 (marked TM) to appraise the changes each numbered (level 3) section indicates the source of the text: TM: text incorporating either simple reformulations or taken over from TM; TM and NeTEx: text based on TM with additions by NeTEx; IFOPT and NeTEx: text based on IFOPT with additions by NeTEx; NeTEx: text incorporating significant enhancements or a totally new text compared to Transmodel V5.1 Some of them take over explanations referring to IFOPT 80 BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) Table B.1 — Sources of text in the Network Topology Domain Section Topic Timing information and scheduling data domain 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Overview 5.2.1 5.3 Model and document structure Journey and Journey Times new 5.3.1 Vehicle journey TM and NeTEx 5.3.3 Time demand times TM and NeTEx 5.3.2 5.3.4 5.3.5 5.3.6 5.3.7 5.3.8 5.3.9 5.3.10 5.3.11 Source vehicle Service journey Journey timing Journey pattern times Vehicle journey times Interchange Interchange rule Coupled journey Flexible service TM and NeTEx TM and NeTEx TM and NeTEx TM and NeTEx TM and NeTEx NeTEx TM and NeTEx NeTEx 5.4 Journey accounting Dated journey NeTEx 5.4.1 5.5 Dated journey Passing times TM 5.5.1 5.6 Passing times Vehicle scheduling TM 5.6.1 Tactical resource planning TM 5.6.3 5.7 Vehicle service Vehicle journey assignments TM and NeTEx 5.7.1 Train component label assignment 5.8 Stopping position assignment new Explicit frames new 5.8.1 Timetable frame new 5.6.2 5.7.2 5.8.2 Resources for tactical planning Vehicle schedule frame TM new 81 BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) Table B.2 — Status of diagrams and figures compared to NeTEx Part Main Package figure Part diagram/figure title status compared to NeTEx Vehicle journey basic model copied Journeyandjourneytimes model Vehicle journey model Vehicle model journey notice Basic service journey model copied assignment added added Service journey model copied Time demand times model modified Journey timings model corrected Journey pattern times model corrected Vehicle journey times model 10 simplified Frequency based service model 11 corrected Interchange model 12 modified Interchange rule model 13 modified Coupled journey model Example – joining and splitting trains 14 and added and corrected copied 15 Example – joining Amsterdam to Warsaw splitting: copied 17 Example – journey parts: Amsterdam to copied Warsaw 19 Example – journey meetings: Amsterdam copied to Warsaw 21 Flexible service example: Tisseo tad 118 copied with courtesy of Tisseo 16 Example – journeys: Amsterdam to copied Warsaw 18 Example – six journey Amsterdam to Warsaw 20 Flexible service model copied Journey accounting model copied Passing times model copied 22 Journey accounting model 24 Passing times model 23 25 82 Dated journey model Vehicle service model Dated journey model Vehicle service model meetings: copied modified modified BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) Part Main Package figure Part diagram/figure title status compared to NeTEx 26 Train coupling and block view added and modified 27 Coupled journey and block view added and modified 83 BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) Part Main Package figure Part diagram/figure title 28 Train block parts and journey part copied couples: amsterdam to warsaw 30 Example of label assignment Train block parts and journey part copied couples: amsterdam to copenhagen 29 31 Vehicle journey assignment model Train component model 33 Explicit frames model Timetable frame model 32 34 status compared to NeTEx label added assignment added Stopping position assignment model added Vehicle schedule frame model added added Copied: means “copied from NeTEx” with no change except layout, and adaptation of the stereotype PK – > UID Corrected: means “corrected from NeTEx” where the correction refers to the type of association (composition < – > aggregation), cardinality, scope of ID (private– > public), label naming Modified: means “modified from NeTEx” if it includes any change other than the above ones Added means “added compared to NeTEx” with possible substantial changes New: means “not considered within NeTEx” (but considered in Transmodel) 84 BS EN 12896-3:2016 EN 12896-3:2016 (E) Bibliography [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] EN 15531-1, Public transport - Service interface for real-time information relating to public transport operations - Part 1: Context and framework EN 15531-2, Public transport - Service interface for real-time information relating to public transport operations - Part 2: Communications EN 15531-3, Public transport - Service interface for real-time information relating to public transport operations - Part 3: Functional service interfaces CEN/TS 15531-4, Public transport - Service interface for real-time information relating to public transport operations - Part 4: Functional service interfaces: Facility Monitoring CEN/TS 15531-5, Public transport ‐ Service interface for real‐time information relating to public transport operations ‐ Part 5: Functional service interfaces - Situation Exchange CEN/TS 16614-1, Public transport - Network and Timetable Exchange (NeTEx) - Part 1: Public transport network topology exchange format CEN/TS 16614-2, Public transport - Network and Timetable Exchange (NeTEx) - Part 2: Public transport scheduled timetables exchange format EN 12896-2: 2016, Public transport - Reference data model - Part 2: Public transport network EN 12896-3:2016, Public transport - Reference data model - Part 3: Timing information and vehicle scheduling 85 This page deliberately left blank This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Reproducing extracts We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape their combined experience and expertise into standards -based solutions For permission to reproduce content from BSI publications contact the BSI Copyright & Licensing team The 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