Bsi bs en 13146 4 2012 + a1 2014

BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 BS EN 13146-4:2012 BSI Standards Publication Railway applications — Track — Test methods for fastening systems Part 4: Effect of repeated loading BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 It supersedes BS EN 13146-4:2012 which is withdrawn The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by  The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RAE/2, Railway Applications - Track A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2014 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 580 82229 ICS 45.080 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2012 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected 30 November 2014 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2014 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 13146-4:2012+A1 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM November 2014 ICS 93.100 Supersedes EN 13146-4:2012 English Version Railway applications - Track - Test methods for fastening systems - Part 4: Effect of repeated loading Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Méthodes d'essai pour les systèmes de fixation - Partie 4: Effets produits par des charges répétitives Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Prüfverfahren für Schienenbefestigungssysteme - Teil 4: Dauerschwingversuch This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 November 2011 and includes Amendment approved by CEN on 25 September 2014 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 E BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) Contents Page Foreword Scope Normative references 3.1 3.2 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviations Terms and definitions Symbols and abbreviations Principle 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Apparatus Rail Actuator Load application head Displacement measuring instruments Force measuring instruments Verification of calibration 6.1 6.2 Test specimens Sleeper or other rail support Fastening 7 7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 Procedure for one rail General Preparation for test In line fastening Offset fastening Clamping force Longitudinal rail restraint Vertical static stiffness of fastening assembly Cyclic loading Repeat tests 12 Final inspection 12 8.1 8.2 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.3 8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 8.3.4 8.3.5 8.3.6 8.3.7 8.3.8 Alternative test procedure 12 General 12 Apparatus 12 General 12 Loading frame 12 Procedure 13 General 13 Preparation for test 13 Clamping force 14 Longitudinal rail restraint 14 Vertical stiffness 14 Cyclic loading 14 Repeat tests 14 Final inspection 14 Test report 14 BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) Foreword This document (EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014) has been prepared by Technical CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN Committee This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2015 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes !EN 13146-4:2002" This document includes Amendment approved by CEN on 2014-09-25 The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !" This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association In this revision of EN 13146-4:2002 the procedure has been modified for application to embedded rail This European Standard is one of the series EN 13146 "Railway applications — Track — Test methods for fastening systems" which consists of the following parts: — Part 1: Determination of longitudinal rail restraint; — Part 2: Determination of torsional resistance; — Part 3: Determination of attenuation of impact loads; — Part 4: Effect of repeated loading; — Part 5: Determination of electrical resistance; — Part 6: Effect of severe environmental conditions; — Part 7: Determination of clamping force; — Part 8: In service testing; — Part 9: Determination of stiffness These support the requirements in the series EN 13481 "Railway applications — Track — Performance requirements for fastening systems" According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies a laboratory test procedure for applying repeated displacement cycles representative of the displacements caused by traffic on railway track It is used for assessing the long term performance of direct fastening systems The procedure is applicable to surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track, and embedded rail This test procedure applies to a complete fastening assembly Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies !EN 13146-1:2012+A1:2014", Railway applications — Track — Test methods for fastening systems — Part 1: Determination of longitudinal rail restraint EN 13146-7:2012, Railway applications — Track — Test methods for fastening systems — Part 7: Determination of clamping force EN 13146-9:2009, Railway applications — Track — Test methods for fastening systems — Part 9: Determination of stiffness EN 13481-1:2012, Railway applications — Track — Performance requirements for fastening systems — Part 1: Definitions EN 13481-2:2012, Railway applications — Track — Performance requirements for fastening systems — Part 2: Fastening systems for concrete sleepers EN 13481-3:2012, Railway applications — Track — Performance requirements for fastening systems — Part 3: Fastening systems for wood sleepers EN 13481-4:2012, Railway applications — Track — Performance requirements for fastening systems — Part 4: Fastening systems for steel sleepers EN 13481-5:2012, Railway applications — Track — Performance requirements for fastening systems — Part 5: Fastening systems for slab track with rail on the surface or rail embedded in a channel EN 13481-7:2012, Railway applications — Track — Performance requirements for fastening systems — Part 7: Special fastening systems for switches and crossings and check rails EN ISO 7500-1:2004, Metallic materials — Verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines — Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2004) EN ISO 9513:2002, Metallic materials — Calibration of extensometers used in uniaxial testing (ISO 9513:1999) BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) 3.1 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviations Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13481-1:2012 apply 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply α angle between the load line and a line normal to the running surface of the rails, in degrees; F maximum axial longitudinal load on the rail without non-elastic displacement occurring, in kN; FSAmax force applied to assembly in measurement of static stiffness of assembly, in kN; L lateral component of force transmitted by the wheel to the rail head as shown in Figure 1, in kN; PL component of force parallel to the running surface of the rails in kN; PV component of force normal to the running surface of the rails, in kN; V vertical component of load transmitted by the wheels to the running surface at the rail head as shown in Figure 1, in kN; X position of the line of application of PL below the centre of curvature of the gauge corner of the rail head as shown in Figure 1, in mm NOTE L PL = = tan α V PV NOTE Running surface is defined in EN 13481-1:2012 Key centre of gauge corner radius line of load application Figure — Position of load application BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) Principle A constant amplitude, cyclic force is applied by a single actuator at a predetermined load line and position on the rail head The load, position and line of application to be used are determined from the vertical stiffness of the fastening assembly, axle loads and curve conditions of the track for which the fastening assembly is being tested Performance is determined by the change in clamping force, longitudinal rail restraint, vertical stiffness and rail position, and visual inspection of the components during test Apparatus 5.1 Rail Short lengths of rail (approximately 0,5 m per rail seat or longer if required), of the section for which the fastening assembly under test is designed The rail shall be unlaminated and have neither loose rust on the surface nor be polished on the foot by repeated testing The head of the rail may be modified to accommodate the load application head except when testing fastenings which support the web of the rail In this case, the dimension X, as shown in Figure 1, refers to the design rail section for the fastening assembly !For embedded rail, the rail is part of the test specimen and its length is specified in 6.1." 5.2 Actuator Actuator capable of applying a force of up to 150 kN in a cyclic manner at a frequency of (4 ± 1) Hz NOTE greater 5.3 For simultaneous loading of two and four rail seats the required capacity will be correspondingly Load application head A head in contact with the rail which is capable of transmitting the applied force to a rail at the required position relative to the rail head 5.4 Displacement measuring instruments Instruments conforming to EN ISO 9513:2002, Table 2, Class The instruments shall be capable of measuring displacement of the rail, relative to the support, within ± 0,01 mm Non-contact instruments may be used providing a procedure for verifying their calibration is used and recorded NOTE 5.5 Non-contact instruments are outside the scope of EN ISO 9513 Force measuring instruments Instruments conforming to EN ISO 7500-1:2004 and EN ISO 7500-1:2004/AC:2009, Class and over the required range of force BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) 5.6 Verification of calibration The calibration of actuators shall be verified periodically in accordance with EN ISO 7500-1 using equipment having traceability to European or International Standards using the International System of Units (SI) 6.1 Test specimens Sleeper or other rail support A sleeper, half sleeper, concrete block or other rail support with cast-in fastening components or holes, and rail seats, as made without modification for this test It is recommended that two sleepers or half sleepers are used if the cast-in fastening components or holes are non-symmetrical about the longitudinal centre line of the sleeper For surface mounted rail on slab track, the fastening system shall be mounted in the centre of the top of a reinforced concrete block The length of the block, normal to the rail, shall be ≥ 500 mm and the width ≥ 300 mm If, for stability, it is necessary to test two rail seats, the width of the block shall be ≥ × the design fastening spacing in the track The depth of the block shall be the depth of the slab or (200 ± 10) mm, whichever is the smaller For surface mounted fastening systems on slab track, with continuous support of the rail, the test shall be performed using a length of pad equal in length to the design spacing of the fastening along the rail The piece of rail used for the test shall be at least as long as the piece of pad and the size of the concrete block shall be sufficient to provide support to the full length of the piece of pad !For embedded rail the channel containing the rail shall be contained in a concrete block similar to that for surface mounted rail on sleepers, bearers and slab track For mechanically fastened embedded rail, the length of rail shall be the typical spacing of fastenings For adhesively fastened embedded rail, the length of the rail shall be 0,5 m to 0,85 m." 6.2 Fastening All fastening components as used in track and assembled in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions 7.1 Procedure for one rail General The following procedure is for the test when a rail is fixed to one end of the sleeper or half sleeper When two rails are used the procedure in Clause shall be used The sequence of tests shall be 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, 7.3 performed on test specimens assembled in accordance with 7.2.1 or 7.2.2 At no time during the test sequence shall any part of the fastening assembly be adjusted, retightened or modified BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) 7.2 Preparation for test 7.2.1 In line fastening If the fastenings are in line fix a short length of rail to one rail seat using the fastening components as assembled in track 7.2.2 Offset fastening If the fastenings are non-symmetrical, the test set up may become unstable during test In such cases fix a short length of rail to one rail seat on each of two adjacent sleepers or half sleepers as shown in Figure On slab track with non-symmetrical fastenings a section of slab with two rail seats should be used Figure — Arrangement of test sleepers for offset fastenings 7.3 Clamping force Determine the clamping force of the assembly using the procedure in EN 13146-7:2012 If the test is being carried out on two rail seats with indirect fastenings (e.g as described in 7.2.2), the vertical force is applied directly over the centre line of each of the rail seats in turn, whilst the anchors of the baseplate at the other rail seat are partially unfastened The clamping force is determined as the mean of the measured values for the two rail seats 7.4 Longitudinal rail restraint Determine the longitudinal rail restraint or longitudinal stiffness, as appropriate, using the procedure in !EN 13146-1:2012+A1:2014" If the test is on two adjacent rail seats as described in 7.2.2 the result shall be expressed as: Longitudinal rail restraint (F) = (measured value) / kN The tensile load applied to the rail before and after the repeated load test shall be in the same direction 7.5 Vertical static stiffness of fastening assembly For one rail seat follow the procedure in EN 13146-9:2009, 7.1.4 If the specimen includes two adjacent rail seats in accordance with 7.2.2 the applied load shall be FSAmax and the rate of loading (240 ± 20) kN/min This is applied through a load frame so that it is distributed equally between the BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) two rail seats The vertical stiffness is calculated from the equation in EN 13146-9:2009, 7.1.4 when the applied force is increased from kN to 1,6 FSAmax 7.6 Cyclic loading The values of α and X shall be as given in EN 13481-2:2012, EN 13481-3:2010, EN 13481-4:2012, EN 13481-5:2012 and EN 13481-7:2012, as appropriate Set up the test arrangement as shown in Figure or when appropriate Figure 4, with the base of the test specimen supported on a rigid surface with a layer of plywood, gypsum board or other conformable material between the specimen and support Stops shall be fixed to the rigid support to prevent longitudinal or transverse movement of the test specimens Use one of the load application arrangements shown in Figure without any modification to the rail foot The load application strut shall have a width parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail of (100 ± 10) mm and a radius of curvature, normal to the rail head, greater than the radius of the contact surface on the rail such that the strut maintains a line contact with the rail under all load conditions When testing embedded rail fastenings an unmodified rail section has to be used If two adjacent rail seats are under test in accordance with 7.2.2, the application point of the load shall be chosen in order to balance the loading on the two rail seats Measure the assembly dynamic stiffness in accordance with EN 13146-9:2009, 7.2.4 Select the maximum load (PV/cos α kN) from EN 13481-2:2012, EN 13481-3:2012, EN 13481-4:2012, EN 13481-5:2012 and EN 13481-7:2012, as appropriate in accordance with rail size, axle load, radius of curves and pad stiffness Slowly load the test assembly to the maximum load ± kN, or (2 × maximum load ± 2) kN if two adjacent rail seats are being tested, at a rate not exceeding 100 kN/min for a single rail seat and 200 kN/min for two rail seats Remove and reapply the load 10 times at the same rate as the first cycle During the last three cycles the resultant force shall be acting to within the tolerances (α ± 0,5)° and (X ± 1) mm at maximum load Apply an alternating load to the test specimen from a minimum load of (5 ± 1) kN, or (10 ± 1) kN for two rail seats, to a maximum load, for × 10 cycles at a frequency of (4 ± 1) Hz Within the first 000 cycles measure the dynamic displacement of the rail relative to the sleeper or other support, at each measuring point shown in Figure 6, for at least one loading cycle Repeat the rail displacement measurements after × 10 cycles Intermediate displacement measurements may be made for information During this test, the maximum temperature of any component shall not exceed 50 °C Cooling by fan or a slight reduction in frequency within (4 ± 1) Hz, or a temporary stop in loading can be used to avoid overheating BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) Key sleeper or half sleeper short length of rail of the required section fastening assembly with appropriate pad loading mechanism which allows free rotation of rail under load free pivot either above or below the actuator with minimum length of strut from pivot to rail of 0,4 m layer of crushable or conformable material on a rigid support (e.g gypsum board) applied load PV / cos α NOTE pivot To ensure stability the number of pivots should be limited to one pivot at the rail head and one other Figure — Test arrangement using one rail Figure — Test arrangement for one rail using two rail seats for offset fastening 10 BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) Key centre of gauge corner radius strut as described in 7.6 line of load application part of web removed NOTE The original rail section is that for which the fastening assembly is designed NOTE The reduced head in (a) should not be used when X ≥ 50 % of the depth of the rail head NOTE Figure The overall depth of the reduced head has to be ≥ 15 mm to retain the measuring point shown in Figure —Load application arrangements Figure — Displacement measuring points 11 BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) 7.7 Repeat tests Vertical static stiffness (see 7.5), longitudinal rail restraint (see 7.4) and clamping force (see 7.3) are repeated in that sequence 7.8 Final inspection Complete the test by dismantling the fastening assembly and visually inspecting the components for fracture, wear and permanent set The torque on any threaded components and the security of all rail fastening components cast into the concrete shall also be checked Alternative test procedure 8.1 General This procedure involves the use of both rail seats on one or two sleepers 8.2 8.2.1 Apparatus General The apparatus shall be as described in Clause with the addition of a loading frame as described in 8.2.2 8.2.2 Loading frame A loading frame capable of distributing the applied load equally between rails, fastened to each rail seat of a sleeper, at the required load line A typical arrangement is shown in Figure 12 BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) Key sleeper short length of rail of the required section fastening assembly with appropriate pad loading mechanism which allows free rotation of rail under load free pivot either above or below the actuator with minimum length of strut from pivot to rail of 0,4 m layer of crushable or conformable material on a rigid support (e.g gypsum board) beam of length to suit track gauge applied load 2PV NOTE To ensure stability the number of pivots should be limited to two pivots at the rail head, one or two pivots in the loading beam and one other pivot Figure — Test arrangement using two rails 8.3 Procedure 8.3.1 General The sequence of tests shall be 8.3.3, 8.3.4, 8.3.5, 8.3.6, 8.3.5, 8.3.4, 8.3.3 performed on test specimens assembled in accordance with 8.3.2.1 or 8.3.2.2 At no time during the test sequence shall any part of the fastening assembly be adjusted, re-tightened or modified 8.3.2 8.3.2.1 Preparation for test In line fastening If the fastenings are in line, fix short lengths of rail to each rail seat on one sleeper using the fastening components as assembled in track 13 BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) 8.3.2.2 Offset fastening If the fastenings are offset fix a short length of rail to each pair of rail seats on adjacent sleepers as shown in Figure 8.3.3 Clamping force Perform the test as described in 7.3 The result shall be reported as the mean of individual results for each rail seat or pair of rail seats 8.3.4 Longitudinal rail restraint Perform the test as described in 7.4 The result shall be reported as the mean of individual results for each rail seat or pair of rail seats 8.3.5 Vertical stiffness Perform the test as described in 7.5 The result shall be expressed as the mean of individual results for each rail seat or pair of rail seats 8.3.6 Cyclic loading The value of α and X shall be as given in EN 13481-2:2012, EN 13481-3:2012, EN 13481-4:2012, EN 13481-5:2012 and EN 13481-7:2012, as appropriate Set up the test arrangement as shown in Figure and follow the procedure in 7.6 The test assembly shall be subject to a maximum load of 2PV if a single sleeper is used and 4PV if a pair of sleepers is used The maximum rate of loading shall be 200 kN/min for a single sleeper and 400 kN/min for a pair of sleepers 8.3.7 Repeat tests Vertical stiffness (see 8.3.5), longitudinal rail restraint (see 8.3.4) and clamping force (see 8.3.3) tests are repeated in that sequence 8.3.8 Final inspection Perform the final inspection as described in 7.8 Test report The test report shall include at least the following information: a) number, title and date of issue of this European Standard; b) name and address of laboratory performing the test; c) date test performed; d) name, designation and description of fastening assembly, including individual components, tested; e) origin of test specimens; 14 BS EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) EN 13146-4:2012+A1:2014 (E) f) rail section used in test; g) test arrangement and values of PV/cos α, X and α; h) result of visual inspection after test; i) mean vertical static stiffness before and after cyclic loading; j) longitudinal rail restraint before and after cyclic loading; k) clamping force before and after cyclic loading; l) mean dynamic rail displacement at the beginning and end of the repeated load test; m) mean residual displacement at maximum load at the end of the repeated load test 15 This page deliberately left blank This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Revisions We bring together business, 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