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/home/gencode/cen/w12337p1/123 1 14399 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |[.]

BRITISH STANDARD Glass in building Ð Chemically strengthened soda lime silicate glass Ð Part 1: Definition and description The European Standard EN 12337-1:2000 has the status of a British Standard ICS 81.040.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BS EN 12337-1:2000 BS EN 12337-1:2000 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12337-1:2000 The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/520, Glass and glazing in building, to Subcommittee B/520/1, Basic and transformed glass products, which has the responsibility to: Ð aid enquirers to understand the text; Ð present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; Ð monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled ªInternational Standards Correspondence Indexº, or by using the ªFindº facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages to 19 and a back cover The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 August 2000  BSI 08-2000 ISBN 580 36170 Amendments issued since publication Amd No Date Comments (1 (8523($167$1'$5' 1250((8523e(11( (8523b,6&+(1250 -XQH ,&6 (QJOLVKYHUVLRQ *ODVVLQEXLOGLQJ±&KHPLFDOO\VWUHQJWKHQHGVRGDOLPHVLOLFDWH JODVV±3DUW'HILQLWLRQDQGGHVFULSWLRQ 9HUUHGDQVODFRQVWUXFWLRQ±9HUUHGHVLOLFDWHVRGRFDOFLTXH UHQIRUFpFKLPLTXHPHQW±3DUWLH'pILQLWLRQHWGHVFULSWLRQ *ODVLP%DXZHVHQ±&KHPLVFKYRUJHVSDQQWHV DONQDWURQJODV±7HLO'HILQLWLRQXQG%HVFKUHLEXQJ 7KLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGZDVDSSURYHGE\&(1RQ0D\ &(1PHPEHUVDUHERXQGWRFRPSO\ZLWKWKH&(1&(1(/(&,QWHUQDO5HJXODWLRQVZKLFKVWLSXODWHWKHFRQGLWLRQVIRUJLYLQJWKLV(XURSHDQ 6WDQGDUGWKHVWDWXVRIDQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGZLWKRXWDQ\DOWHUDWLRQ8SWRGDWHOLVWVDQGELEOLRJUDSKLFDOUHIHUHQFHVFRQFHUQLQJVXFKQDWLRQDO 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