Bsi bs en 12312 4 2014

BS EN 12312-4:2014 BSI Standards Publication Aircraft ground support equipment — Specific requirements Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges BS EN 12312-4:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12312-4:2014 It supersedes BS EN 12312-4:2003+A1:2009 which is withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ACE/57, Air cargo and ground support equipment A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2014 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 580 74222 ICS 49.100 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2014 Amendments issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM March 2014 ICS 49.100 Supersedes EN 12312-4:2003+A1:2009 English Version Aircraft ground support equipment - Specific requirements - Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges Matériel au sol pour aéronefs - Exigences particulières Partie 4: Passerelles passagers Luftfahrt-Bodengeräte - Besondere Anforderungen - Teil 4: Fluggastbrücken This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 December 2013 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 12312-4:2014 E BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Terms and definitions List of hazards 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 Safety requirements and/or measures General requirements Controls, monitoring and warning devices 11 Vertical drive systems 11 Horizontal drive systems 12 Bridgehead 12 Operating speeds 13 Passenger areas 13 Operator's workplace 14 Safeguards against falling 15 Service stairs and landings 16 Lighting 16 Fire protection 17 Electrical equipment 17 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Information for use 17 Marking 17 Additional marking 17 Warnings 18 Instructions 18 7.1 7.2 Verification of requirements 19 General 19 Barrier or bridgehead closure device 19 Annex A (normative) List of hazards 20 Table A.1 — List of hazards 20 Annex B (informative) Sloping gradients 23 Table B.1 — Sloping gradients 23 Figure B.1 — Schematical indication of sloping gradients 23 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 24 Bibliography 25 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) Foreword This document (EN 12312-4:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 274 “Aircraft ground support equipment”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2014 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 12312-4:2003+A1:2009 This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s) For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document EN 12312 “Aircraft ground support equipment – Specific requirements” consists of the following parts: — Part 1: Passenger stairs; — Part 2: Catering vehicles; — Part 3: Conveyor belt vehicles; — Part 4: Passenger boarding bridges; (this document) — Part 5: Aircraft fuelling equipment; — Part 6: Deicers and deicing/antiicing equipment; — Part 7: Aircraft movement equipment; — Part 8: Maintenance stairs and platforms; — Part 9: Container/Pallet loaders; — Part 10: Container/Pallet transfer transporters; — Part 11: Container/Pallet dollies and loose load trailers; — Part 12: Potable water service equipment; — Part 13: Lavatory service equipment; — Part 14: Disabled/incapacitated passenger boarding vehicles; — Part 15: Baggage and equipment tractors; — Part 16: Air start equipment; — Part 17: Air conditioning equipment; BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) — Part 18: Nitrogen or Oxygen units; — Part 19: Aircraft jacks, axle jacks and hydraulic tail stanchions; — Part 20: Electrical ground power units The main technical changes compared to the previous version are the following: a) Amendment A1:2009 was incorporated; b) the Introduction was updated; c) the Scope was updated; d) Clause 2, Normative references, was updated; e) the terms and definitions for terminal/terminal building and fixed tunnel/bridge link were added; f) List of hazards was moved to Annex A; g) Subclause 5.1.3 and 5.1.5 were added; h) Old subclause 5.1.3 was re-numbered and changed; i) Subclauses 5.2 to 5.13 were changed with subclauses 5.5.4, 5.7.9, 5.12.5, 5.12.6 being added; j) Clause 6, Information for use, was changed with additional warnings being added to subclause 6.3; k) Clause 7, Verification of requirements, was changed; l) Annex A, Example of typical boarding bridge, was deleted and replaced by the List of hazards; m) Annex ZA referring to the Machinery Directive 98/37/EC was replaced by Annex ZA referring to the new Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC; n) the Bibliography was updated According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) Introduction This European Standard specifies health and safety requirements, as well as some functional and performance requirements, for passenger boarding bridges (PBB) intended for passenger embarking/disembarking of all aircraft types commonly in service in civil air transport The minimum essential criteria are considered to be of primary importance in providing safe, serviceable, economical and practical PBB Deviations from the recommended criteria should occur only after careful consideration, extensive testing, risk assessment and thorough service evaluation have shown alternative methods or conditions to be satisfactory This European Standard is a Type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100 The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document When provisions of this Type C standard are different from those which are stated in Type A or B standards, the provisions of this Type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this Type C standard Deviations from requirements not fall within the presumption of conformity given by the standard BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in Clause which can arise during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of passenger boarding bridges (PBBs) when used as intended, including misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorized representative It also takes into account some requirements recognized as essential by authorities, aircraft and ground support equipment (GSE) manufacturers as well as airlines and handling agencies This European Standard applies to: a) apron-drive bridges; b) fixed-head bridges (also referred to as nose-loaders) or pedestal bridges; c) suspended bridges, for embarking/disembarking of passengers It is applicable from the interface with the terminal building, which can be movable, e.g on two levels to separate arrival and departure level to the connection with the aircraft including fixed tunnels This European Standard does not apply to: d) elevating lounges; e) passenger stairs; f) other form of aircraft access equipment; g) automatic PBB positioning This European Standard does not establish requirements for hazards caused by noise and vibration NOTE EN 1915–3 and EN 1915–4 provide the general GSE vibration and noise requirements This part of EN 12312 is not applicable to PBBs which were manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN This part of EN 12312 when used in conjunction with EN 1915-1, EN 1915-2 and EN 1915-4 provides the requirements for PBBs Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 1915-1:2013, Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 1: Basic safety requirements EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009, Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 2: Stability and strength requirements, calculations and test methods BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) EN 1915-4, Aircraft ground support equipment - General requirements - Part 4: Noise measurement methods and reduction EN ISO 7010, Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Registered safety signs (ISO 7010) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery - Emergency stop - Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006) EN 60332 (all parts), Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions ISO 3795, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Determination of burning behaviour of interior materials ISO 7718-1, Aircraft - Passenger doors interface requirements for connection of passenger boarding bridge Part 1: Main deck doors ISO 7718-2, Aircraft - Passenger doors interface requirements for connection of passenger boarding bridge Part 2: Upper deck doors ISO 16004, Aircraft ground equipment - Passenger boarding bridge or transfer vehicle — Requirements for interface with aircraft doors DIN 51130:2004, Testing of floor coverings - Determination of the anti-slip property - Workrooms and fields of activities with slip danger, walking method - Ramp test Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010, EN 1915-1:2013 and EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009 together with the following apply 3.1 passenger boarding bridge (PBB) enclosed adjustable passenger walkway connecting the terminal building to the aircraft 3.2 apron-drive bridge PBB with a drive unit, that can be driven across the apron within its operating range 3.3 pedestal bridge PBB without an apron drive unit 3.4 suspended bridge PBB which is driven from a cantilevered structure 3.5 rotunda enclosed structure about which the PBB rotates for radial movement and hinges for vertical movement BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) 3.6 rotunda column supporting structure for the rotunda 3.7 tunnel enclosed walkway section 3.8 elevating leg assembly for raising and lowering the PBB 3.9 drive unit wheeled carriage of apron-drive bridges on which elevating legs are mounted 3.10 bridgehead transitional area at the aircraft end of the PBB 3.11 canopy flexible weather protection between the aircraft and the PBB 3.12 service stair stair and landing allowing access from the apron to the PBB 3.13 auto-levelling device which ensures automatic vertical adjustment of the PBB, corresponding to vertical movement of the aircraft 3.14 vertical drive system means of adjusting the height of the PBB 3.15 horizontal drive system means of adjusting the position of the PBB in the horizontal plane 3.16 telescoping system system used to extend or retract the PBB 3.17 bridgehead rotation system means to adjust the bridgehead sill towards the fuselage of the aircraft 3.18 translation movement of the PBB across an airfield apron Movement involves elements of rotation and/or extension 3.19 inter-ramp short ramp providing a smooth transition between telescoping tunnel floors, or where a step might otherwise occur BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) less than 1,2m, without any protrusions, e.g door handles, equipment cabinets.” Tunnel interiors shall be free from protrusions so far as practicable NOTE 5.7.5 For the definition of regional aircraft see ISO 10254 The minimum clear height of all walking areas shall not be less than 2,1 m 5.7.6 Rotunda and tunnel(s) shall be fully enclosed, e.g to provide the passengers with some protection from ambient weather conditions, noise, fumes and other environmental conditions 5.7.7 Where a PBB is intended to be used in areas where the possibility of ice forming on the floor section of the bridgehead of the PBB exists, special precautions e.g thermostatically controlled heaters, shall be used 5.7.8 Vertical slat curtain side-walls, used as a safeguard against falling at the bridgehead, shall be either tensioned or restrained to meet the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2 5.7.9 The strength of the tunnel sections, rotunda and bridgehead floors shall be determined in accordance with EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009, 5.2.2.3 The floors shall exhibit no permanent deformation under the specified unfactored loads In addition to this requirement, the deflection of the flooring shall not exceed 1/200th of the span, and the difference between the loaded and a neighbouring flooring shall not exceed mm in height, when an unfactored load of 800 N is distributed over an area of 200 mm x 200 mm at the most unfavourable position on the floor The strength calculations of the structure shall take into account the dynamic effects at least in accordance with EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009, 5.2.2.4 and 5.2.2.5, as well as any resonance possibility 5.8 Operator's workplace 5.8.1 The position, shape and arrangement of the workplace shall not restrict the field of view for operation of the PBB The minimum field of view shall include all the forward edge of the platform, the aircraft door sill and its surroundings as defined in ISO 7718-1, if applicable ISO 7718-2 and ISO 16004 See 5.2.3, 5.2.4 and 5.2.5 for additional requirements for apron drive units 5.8.2 A bridgehead closure device closing the full opening at the aircraft side shall be installed Where it is intended to remain closed during PBB positioning and removal, it shall not impair the drivers view as required by the operations to be carried out (see 5.8.1) Where the bridgehead closure device and/or the side walls provide the only protection against falling they shall be designed so that they have a maximum deflection not exceeding % of the unsupported span at any point when subjected to a horizontal load F of 000 N at the most unfavourable location, without causing any permanent deformation See 7.2 for verification This closure device shall be interlocked to the aircraft detection system to inhibit PBB horizontal movement if the device is not in place The safety related parts of the interlocking system shall achieve Performance Level “c” according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008 5.8.3 The minimum size of the operator's workplace shall be 0,6 m wide by 0,5 m deep for the full height of the area required by a standing operator The floor inclination shall not exceed 12,5 %, including when in the parked position The flooring material shall also provide a durable slip-resistant surface, with a minimum R11 slip-resistance classification in accordance with DIN 51130:2004, Table 5.8.4 Corners or edges shall be chamfered or rounded to a minimum radius of mm unless smooth corners are provided by the intrinsic design of the standard material profiles used in the construction of PBBs 5.8.5 The glass in doors and windows shall be safety glass or an alternative material with at least the same mechanical performance characteristics Windows important for the operator's field of view during docking of the PBB shall be clear, transparent and distortion free as far as practicable 14 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) NOTE ECE 43 and EN 12150–1:2000 deal with safety glass 5.8.6 Where a PBB is intended to be used in areas where the possibility of condensation or ice formation on windows at the operator's workplace exist, a de-misting and/or de-icing device shall be provided 5.8.7 Interior lighting and glazing shall be installed in such a way that dazzle reducing the view of the operator is reduced so far as practicable 5.8.8 Where the closure device of the bridgehead is powered and automatic, a trip device e.g trip bar, photoelectric device, shall be fitted to stop and reverse the direction of movement should the presence of a person be detected when closing 5.9 Safeguards against falling 5.9.1 Where achieving the interface between aircraft and bridgehead requires the bridgehead closure device to be open, a movable protection device, e.g barrier or curtain, shall be fitted across the opening created 5.9.2 To prevent persons from falling, this device shall remain across the opening as long as aircraft docking is not achieved, including during PBB parking 5.9.3 The barrier or curtain shall: a) include an upper element with a height of at least 100 mm and at least one intermediate element 500 mm below the upper element A third element shall be used where there is a risk of a person's body passing below the second element b) be designed so that they have a maximum deflection not exceeding % of unsupported span at any point when subjected to a horizontal load F of 000 N at the most unfavourable location, without causing any permanent deformation See 7.2 for verification c) be clearly visible from either side, including at night and in fog d) be easy to handle by one person with a force not exceeding 62 N, and able to be stowed safely, i.e retained in the stowed position by a positive locking device requiring deliberate action for release 5.9.4 The barrier or curtain shall not hamper the full visibility of the PBB operator over the aircraft door and PBB platform edge (see 5.8.1) during travel and docking 5.9.5 The barrier or curtain shall be interlocked to inhibit PBB movement if the device is not in place Operation of emergency lowering or, if provided, auto levelling mode shall override the interlocking The related interlocking system shall achieve Performance Level “c” according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008 NOTE Attention is drawn on the possibility of entirely automatic or remote controlled bridges, without an operator present, presenting higher risk levels In this case, a risk assessment is required to identify any additional hazards and specify protective measures Such additional requirements are outside the scope of this standard 5.9.6 The bridgehead's inner space and arrangement shall allow full opening and closure of aircraft doors without interference, while ensuring an entirely safe position for the operator 5.9.7 It is recommended that any equipment requiring servicing be installed on the side of or below the PBB rather than over it Where occasional access is nevertheless required to the roof of the PBB or the bridgehead for equipment servicing, the following steps shall be taken to prevent the risk of falling: a) installation in the areas where access is required for working of guard-rails meeting the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2; 15 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) Over roof guard-rails may be folding or removable if necessary to control overall height in operation, or flexible if it is not possible to use rigid materials, in accordance with the relevant provisions of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.2 b) and ensuring a safe access path to/from the working area If needed, the safe access path may be ensured in a specific (e.g fully retracted) position of the PBB 5.10 Service stairs and landings 5.10.1 Where the slope of the tunnel sections in the parked position exceeds 18 % a service stair shall be installed giving direct access to the bridgehead 5.10.2 Service stairs shall meet the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, D.3 As an exception to these requirements, the incline of service stairs to the horizontal shall not exceed 50° So far as practicable, the incline of service stairs from the horizontal should not exceed 45° 5.10.3 Service stairs landings shall meet the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 5.13.1 and 5.13.2 NOTE The service stair, landing and flight can be covered, or include an attached baggage slide 5.10.4 Stairs and landings guard-rails strength shall be verified in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, 7.2 5.10.5 Movements of the stair with respect to the landing shall not result in a pinch point between the two railings 5.10.6 Where tunnel sections can cover the service door opening, the service door shall be interlocked to the horizontal drive system, to inhibit movement of the PBB if the door is open The related interlocking system shall achieve Performance Level “c” according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008 5.11 Lighting 5.11.1 Lighting electrical supplies of the PBB shall be independent from the terminal lighting system 5.11.2 Operational interior lighting and independent emergency interior lighting shall be provided 5.11.3 All areas of the PBB used for passenger movement, i.e rotunda, tunnel, bridgehead and inter-ramps shall have a minimum illumination of 100 lux measured at floor level 5.11.4 Switches for operational interior lighting shall be provided at each entrance to the PBB The switches shall be readily accessible only to operators 5.11.5 In the event of failure of the operational interior lighting, emergency interior lighting shall be activated instantaneously by automatic changeover 5.11.6 The emergency interior lighting system shall provide at least lux over the entire floor area of the PBB and a minimum of lux at the bridgehead, inter-ramps and rotunda 5.11.7 The duration of the emergency lighting shall be at least 15 5.11.8 It shall be possible to install working lights to illuminate the areas in front of the bridgehead, at the drive unit and at service stairs and landings 16 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) 5.11.9 Where installed, exterior lighting shall be switched from the operator's control panel, separate to PBB operation The lights at the service stairs and landings may also be activated locally Projectors shall be adjustable in direction to minimize the possibility of dazzling other apron users 5.11.10 The minimum luminous flux of the lamp of working lights shall be 000 lm 5.12 Fire protection 5.12.1 All materials used in the fabrication of structural elements of the PBB shall be non-combustible 5.12.2 All internal cladding materials used in the construction of the PBB shall have spread of flame characteristics not greater than 250 mm/min in accordance with ISO 3795 5.12.3 Electrical cables essential for the continued operation of critical systems in the event of a fire, e.g emergency lighting, public address systems (if provided), shall be protected by use of fire resistant cables in accordance with the relevant parts of EN 60332 5.12.4 Safe escape routes in case of fire shall be identified by risk assessment and marked/identified as such 5.12.5 Means of fire detection shall be provided in the tunnel sections in accordance with locally applicable regulations 5.12.6 Means of fire-fighting, shall be provided, at least a suitable fire extinguisher in the bridgehead, readily accessible to the operator NOTE An automatic fire extinction (sprinkler) system can be considered in accordance with locally applicable regulations 5.13 Electrical equipment PBB power supply(ies) to ancillary equipment, e.g lighting, air conditioning, floor heating, shall be independent from the main power supply(ies) Information for use 6.1 Marking Permanent marking of data shall consist of metal plates securely attached (e.g riveted, welded) to the structure Markings shall include at least those markings required by EN 1915-1:2013, plus additional markings in 6.2 6.2 Additional marking In addition to the name-plate and markings specified in EN 1915-1:2013, 6.1, the following shall be marked on the PBB: a) maximum mass imposed upon the drive wheels of apron-drive PBBs; b) jacking and lifting points on the drive unit; c) towing coupling 17 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) 6.3 Warnings The following warnings shall be affixed permanently at the nominated positions: a) adjacent to the operator's position: “Only the operator shall be allowed to remain in the PBB when it is being manoeuvred”; b) at the bottom of a moveable service stair: “No access while moving”; c) on drive units with pneumatic tyres: “Attention! Pressure bar Before changing wheels, the pressure shall be released”; d) within tunnels, rotunda and bridgehead: Maximum Occupancy under maximum extension e) within the tunnels: NO SMOKING signs, one in the rotunda or beginning of interior tunnel and another in the bridgehead; f) escape route(s) in case of fire: EXIT (Use EN ISO 7010 graphic symbol no E 001 (left hand side) and E 002 (right hand side).) g) on drive units with stabilizers: "Attention! Keep clear from stabilizers" In addition, warning against the risk of falling shall be materialised by the graphic symbol of EN 1915-1:2013, Annex G, at least 200 mm high, located and readily visible on both sides of the bridgehead closure device (see 5.7.8 and 5.8.2) or barrier (see 5.9) 6.4 Instructions Operating and maintenance instructions shall be supplied with each PBB They shall generally meet the requirements of EN 1915-1:2013, 6.2 In addition, the operating and maintenance instructions shall contain, depending on the type and design of the PBB, information about: a) door sill height and/or types of aircraft the PBB is able to service; b) positioning of the PBB to the aircraft in manual mode; c) automatic mode and pre-positioning; d) restriction of use of service stairs (at least excluded for passengers); e) measures to be taken in case of emergency situations, e.g fire or breakdown; f) routine checks to be carried out by the operator; g) minimum training programme for the operator; h) safety requirements for maintenance resulting from the specific design of PBBs; i) position of the operator in the vicinity of the bridgehead opening, e.g risk of falling; j) prohibition of persons other than operator(s) when the PBB is being driven; k) auxiliary means for towing the PBB 18 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) Verification of requirements 7.1 General The verification of requirements shall be carried out generally in accordance with EN 1915-1:2013, Clause and EN 1915-2:2001+A1:2009, Clause The following shall be verified by functional tests and/or calculation: a) protective provisions (see 5.1.4, 5.7.8, 5.8 and 5.9); b) control, monitoring and warning devices (see 5.2); c) interlocking systems (see 5.1.4, 5.2.11, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.4.5, 5.5.3, 5.5.4, 5.8.2, 5.9.5 and 5.10.6) d) horizontal drive system (see 5.4); e) braking systems (see 5.4.4 and 5.5.2); f) operating speeds (see 5.6); g) heaters and de-misters (see 5.7.7 and 5.8.6); h) lighting (see 5.11), i) floors deformations (see 5.7.9) 7.2 Barrier or bridgehead closure device The strength of the bridgehead closure device (see 5.8.2) and/or barrier/curtain (see 5.9.2) and its/their deflection under load shall be verified The following testing procedure shall be used: The relevant unfactored load as given in 5.8.2 and 5.9.3 shall be applied through a 100 mm × 100 mm rigid flat plate to the barrier's elements or the curtain/closure device horizontally and perpendicular to it, using the most unfavourable transverse location, at the height of 100 mm, then at intermediate (knee-rail) height Under this load, the maximum deflection shall be measured at any point of the barrier's elements or curtain/closure device 19 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) Annex A (normative) List of hazards Table A.1 — List of hazards No Hazards identified in EN ISO 12100:2010 , Annex B and Table B.1 Hazardous situations Relevant clauses this part of in EN 12312 Mechanical hazards Unbalance due to energy of moving elements (dynamic forces) 5.1.2, 5.1.3 Structural failure due to insufficient mechanical strength 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.3.1, 5.7.9 Structure falling due to lifting chains failure General mechanical hazards Being run over due to machinery mobility Crushing or shearing Impact Cutting Slipping or tripping 20 Structure falling due to lifting wire ropes failure Liquids and gases under pressure 5.1.2, 5.1.3 Structural failure due to snow load Structure falling due to lifting systems failure or inappropriate dimension of parts 5.3.2 Structural failure or PBB falling due to wind 5.1.2, 5.1.5, 5.3.1 Damage from collision with adjacent PBB or fixed obstacle 5.4.5 Collision or person run-over due to insufficient protective devices 5.1.4 Collision or person run-over due to insufficient brakes 5.1.1, 5.4.4 Collision or person run-over due to insufficient sight of the drive unit 5.2.3, 5.2.4, 5.2.5 Collision or person run-over due to inadequate design, location or identification of warnings 5.2.6, 5.2.7, 5.2.8, 5.2.9, 5.2.10 Crushing between fixed and moving elements due to inappropriate or missing protective measures 5.4.2, 5.10.6 Hand crushing between guard rails due to inadequate design 5.10.5 Hitting by aircraft power cable sudden disengagement 5.4.1 Hitting due to the inadequate pass line height 5.7.5 Hitting due to the inadequate surfaces and/or corners 5.8.4 Hitting by automatic door due to inadequate protective measures 5.8.8 Cutting or severing due to splintering material 5.8.5 Cutting or scratches due to sharp corners or edges 5.8.4 Slipping due to slippery walkway or standing position surface 5.1.1, 5.7.1, 5.7.7, 5.8.3 Tripping due to inadequate walkway 5.7.1 Tripping due to missing or insufficient floor lighting 5.11.2, 5.11.3, 5.11.4, 5.11.5, 5.11.6, 5.11.7 Tripping due to excessive slope of walkway 5.7.2, 5.7.3 Tripping due to excessive translational speed of PBB 5.6.1 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) No Hazards identified in EN ISO 12100:2010 , Annex B and Table B.1 Falling from height Hazardous situations Relevant clauses this part of in EN 12312 Tripping due to excessive lifting and lowering speed of PBB 5.6.2, 5.6.4, 5.6.5 Tripping due to excessive rotational speed of the bridgehead 5.6.3 Tripping due to unintended movement of the bridgehead 5.5.1 Tripping due to unintended movement of walkways or standing positions 5.3.3 Falling from height due to missing walkways and/or working areas 5.9.6, 5.9.7, 5.10.3 Falling from height due to insufficient guard rails or equivalent parts of the structure 5.8.2, 5.10.4 Falling from height due to absence of guard rails or equivalent parts of the structure 5.9.7, 5.10.2, 5.10.4 Falling from height due to missing or insufficient safety barrier or equivalent device 5.8.2, 5.9.1, 5.9.2, 5.9.3, 5.9.5 6.3 Falling from height due to inappropriate means of access 5.10.1, 5.10.2, 5.10.3, 5.10.4 Falling from height while opening/closing aircraft door 5.8.2, 5.9.2, 5.9.6, 6.3 Electrical hazards Burn, electrocution from arc or live parts Contact of persons with live parts (direct or indirect contact) 5.1.1 Thermal hazards Burns from contact with high or low temperature elements Burn due to insufficient protection or absence of protection 5.1.1 Hazards generated by noise Loss of hearing, loss of awareness, accidents Deafness, physiological disorders (e.g loss of balance, loss of awareness), accidents due to interference with communication and to non-perception of auditory warning signals 5.1.1 Hazards generated by vibration Neurological or osteo- articular disorder Whole body vibration, particularly when combined with poor postures 5.1.1 Hazards generated by radiation Damage to eyes Vision impairment due to laser ray if used for vehicle positioning 5.1.1 Hazards generated by materials or substances Burn from material fire Being caught in a fire due to a flammable material 5.12.1, 5.12.2, 5.12.4 Hazards to persons due to missing or inadequate means of fire detection 5.12.5 Hazards to persons due to missing or inadequate fire 5.12.6 21 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) No Hazards identified in EN ISO 12100:2010 , Annex B and Table B.1 Hazardous situations Relevant clauses this part of in EN 12312 extinguisher Ergonomic hazards Discomfort Discomfort, musculo-skeletal disorder Consequences of human error Visual fatigue 5.7.4 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 5.8.3 Manual lifting of excessive weights 5.9.3 Insufficient visibility from driving or operating position 5.2.3, 5.2.4, 5.2.5, 5.8.1, 5.8.2, 5.8.5, 5.8.6, 5.8.7, 5.9.4 Error due to dazzling by interior lighting 5.8.7 Hazard in the event of primary lighting failure 5.11.2, 5.11.5, 5.11.6, 5.11.7 Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls 5.2.1, 5.2.2 Absence or inadequate field of view of visual monitoring display 5.2.3 Inattention to risk of falling from height 5.9.1, 5.9.2, 5.9.3 Misunderstanding of safety signs or markings 6.3 Misunderstanding of manufacturer's instructions 6.4 Inadequate local lighting 5.8.7, 5.11.2, 5.11.3, 5.11.8, 5.11.9, 5.11.10 Hazards associated with the operating environment Hazards to persons from collision with other equipment, fixed obstacle or building 5.4.5 Hazards to persons from drive unit collision with a person 5.1.4, 5.2.2, 5.2.3 Adverse health effects Discomfort or health hazard to persons due to exterior environmental conditions 5.7.6 Adverse effects on working conditions Hazardous situations due to collision with other equipment Injury due to collision 10 22 Unhealthy postures or squeezing of the body due to inadequate space 5.5.4 Combination of hazards Injury due to failure of a safety system Hazards resulting from simultaneous hazardous situation and relevant safety system dysfunction or failure 5.1.4, 5.2.11, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.4.5, 5.5.3, 5.5.4, 5.8.2, 5.9.5, 5.10.6 Injuries or distressing situation due to inadequate space Persons stuck up in an emergency situation Injuries or distressing situation due to horizontal, vertical and rotating movement Persons stuck up in an emergency situation 5.12.4 Hazards from unintended descent of PBB 5.3.3, 5.6.5 5.7.4 Multiple hazards from unintended powered movements 5.2.2, 5.4.3, 5.4.4, 5.5.1, 5.5.2 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) Annex B (informative) Sloping gradients Table B.1 — Sloping gradients Percentage % Angle α° Ratio 5,24 1:19,1 8,33 4,76 1:12 10 5,71 1:10 12,5 7,13 1:8 17 9,65 1:5,9 18 10,28 1:5,5 Figure B.1 — Schematical indication of sloping gradients 23 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard (except 5.2.11) confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard 24 BS EN 12312-4:2014 EN 12312-4:2014 (E) Bibliography This bibliography contains additional references for PBBs from regulations, publications, standards or draft standards — European Standards: EN 1915-3, Aircraft ground support equipment — General requirements — Part 3: Vibration measurement methods and reduction EN 12150-1:2000, Glass in building - Thermally toughened soda lime silicate safety glass - Part 1: Definition and description EN 62061:2005, Safety of machinery — Functional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems (IEC 62061:2005) — International Standards: ISO 11995, Aircraft — Stability requirements for loading and servicing equipment — Economic Commission for Europe (ECE): ECE 43, Uniform provisions concerning the approval of safety glazing and glazing materials — International Air Transport Association (IATA): 1) Airport Handling Manual AHM 922, Basic requirements for passengers boarding bridge aircraft interface IATA ADRM, Airport Development Reference Manual, section J11, Passenger terminal, Passenger Boarding bridges1) ACI (Airport Councils International), Apron Markings and Signs Handbook 2) Airport Handling Manual 1) Publications Assistant, International Air Transport Association, 800 Place Victoria, P.O Box 113, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H4Z 1M1, www.iata.org 2) ACI, World P.O Box 16, 1215 Geneva Airport, Switzerland, web site: www.aci.aero 25 This page deliberately left blank This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT 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