BS EN 1860 3 pdf BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1860 3 2003 Incorporating Amendment No 1 Appliances, solid fuels and firelighters for barbecuing — Part 3 Firelighters for igniting solid fuels for use in barbe[.]
BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1860-3:2003 Incorporating Amendment No Appliances, solid fuels and firelighters for barbecuing — Part 3: Firelighters for igniting solid fuels for use in barbecue appliances — Requirements and test methods The European Standard EN 1860-3:2003, incorporating amendment A1:2006 has the status of a British Standard ICS 75.160.10; 97.040 BS EN 1860-3:2003 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 1860-3:2003, including amendment A1:2006 The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated in the text by The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee RHE/28, Domestic solid mineral fuel appliances, to Subcommittee RHE/28/1, Barbecues burning solid fuels for use outdoors, which has the responsibility to: — aid enquirers to understand the text; — present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; — monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on September 2003 Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued Amendments issued since publication © BSI 2006 ISBN 580 42562 Amd No Date Comments 16258 August 2006 See national foreword EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1860-3 NORME EUROPÉENNE August 2003 EUROPÄISCHE NORM February 2006 +A1 ICS 75.160.10; 97.040 English version Appliances, solid fuels and firelighters for barbecuing - Part : Firelighters for igniting solid fuels for use in barbecue appliances - Requirements and test methods Appareils, combustibles solides et allume-barbecue pour la cuisson au barbecue - Partie 3: Allume-feu pour l'allumage des combustibles solides dans les appareils de cuisson au barbecue - Exigences et méthodes d'essai Geräte, feste Brennstoffe und Anzündhilfen zum Grillen Anzündhilfen für Grill-Holzkohle und Grillkohlebriketts - Teil 3: Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 June 2003 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T É E U RO P É E N D E N O R M A L I S AT I O N EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels © 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 1860-3:2003 E EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Contents Foreword Introduction Scope Normative References Terms and definitions Requirements .6 4.1 Safety 4.1.1 Firelighter composition 4.1.2 Flashpoint of liquid firelighters 4.1.3 Viscosity of thickened liquid or gel firelighters 4.1.4 Safety in use of thickened liquid or gel firelighters .6 4.1.5 Consistency of thickened liquid or gel firelighters .6 4.2 Performance 4.2.1 Burning characteristics .6 4.2.2 Ignition time .7 4.3 Consumer packaging 4.3.1 General .7 4.3.2 Solid firelighters 4.3.3 Liquid, thickened liquid or gel firelighters Marking and instructions for use .7 Test report Annex A (normative) Method of test for safety in use of a thickened liquid or gel firelighter Annex B (normative) Method of test for determining the burning characteristics of a firelighter 11 Annex C (normative) Method of test for ignition performance of a firelighter 13 Annex D (normative) Method of test for the evaluation of the consumer package for solid firelighters 17 Annex E (normative) Methods of test for the evaluation of the consumer package for liquid, thickened liquid and gel firelighters .18 Bibliography 20 EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Foreword This document (EN 1860-3:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 281, "Appliances, solid fuels and firelighters for barbecuing", the secretariat of which is held by AENOR This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2004 Annexes A, B, C, D, and E are normative According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom Foreword to amendment A1:2006 This document (EN 1860-3:2003/A1:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 281 "Appliances, solid fuels and firelighters for barbecuing", the secretariat of which is held by AENOR This Amendment to the European Standard EN 1860-3:2003 shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2006 According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Introduction This European Standard, EN 1860, on appliances, solid fuels and firelighters for barbecuing consists of the following parts: Part 1: Barbecues burning solid fuels Requirements and test methods Part 2: Solid fuels for use in barbecue appliances Requirements and test methods Part 3: Firelighters for igniting solid fuels for use in barbecue appliances Requirements and test methods Part 4: Single use barbecues burning solid fuels Requirements and test methods This standard is Part of the European Standard for appliances, solid fuels and firelighters for barbecuing EN 1860, which is intended to reduce the risks which may occur during and through barbecuing with solid fuels This part should be read in conjunction with Part 1, Part and Part Scope This European standard specifies the safety, performance, packaging and marking requirements including the test methods for firelighters used to light solid fuels in barbecue and grill appliances The standard covers firelighters supplied as either solid, liquid, thickened liquid or gel formulations However the use of highly flammable liquids (except in stabilised formulations) is specifically excluded from the scope of this standard as their use as barbecue firelighters is regarded as highly dangerous Normative References This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments) EN 24260 Petroleum products and hydrocarbons - Determination of sulfur content - Wickbold combustion method (ISO 4260:1987) EN 28317 Child-resistant packaging - Requirements and testing procedure for reclosable packages (ISO 8317:1989) EN ISO 1516 Determination of flash/no flash - Closed cup equilibrium method (ISO 1516:2002) EN ISO 1523 Determination of flash point - Closed cup equilibrium method (ISO 1523:2002) EN ISO 2555 Plastics - Resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions - Determination of apparent viscosity by the Brookfield Test method (ISO 2555:1989) EN 1860-3:2003 (E) EN ISO 3104 Petroleum products - Transparent and opaque liquids Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity (ISO 3104:1994) EN ISO 3219 Plastics - Polymers/resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions - Determination of viscosity using a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate (ISO 3219:1993) EN ISO 12058-1 Plastics - Determination of viscosity using a falling-ball viscometer - Part 1: Inclined-tube method (ISO 12058-1:1997) ISO 567 Coke - Determination of bulk density in a small container ISO 1013 Coke - Determination of bulk density in a large container ISO 3105 Glass capillary kinematic viscometers - Specifications and operating instructions ISO 3679 Paints, varnishes, petroleum and related products - Determination of flashpoint - Rapid equilibrium method ISO 3680 Paints, varnishes, petroleum and related products - Flash/no flash test - Rapid equilibrium method ISO 3837 Liquid petroleum products - Determination of hydrocarbon types Fluorescent indicator adsorption method ISO/DIS 12058-2 Plastics - Determination of viscosity using a falling-ball viscometer - Part 2: Free falling-ball method Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply: 3.1 solid firelighter solid substance or preparation, which is readily ignitable by the application of a naked flame and which can be used to ignite solid barbecue fuels in barbecue and grill appliances 3.2 liquid, thickened liquid or gel firelighter liquid, thickened liquid or gel substances or preparations, which are readily ignitable by the application of a naked flame and which, when supported on a solid substrate, can be used to ignite solid barbecue fuel used in barbecue and grill appliances 3.3 barbecue fuel barbecue charcoal, barbecue charcoal briquettes and other briquetted solid fuels 3.4 consumer package individual packaging unit, as purchased by the consumer at a retail store EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Requirements 4.1 Safety 4.1.1 Firelighter composition 4.1.1.1 The firelighter shall not contain any substance or preparation classified as very toxic, toxic, corrosive, explosive, oxidising, sensitising or class or carcinogen NOTE Classification is in accordance with the Classification Packaging & Labelling of Dangerous Preparations Directive 88/379/EEC of 7th June 1988 4.1.1.2 The properties of any raw material fuel constituent of a solid firelighter shall comply with the following: a) Aromatic content ≤ 2,0 % (m/m) This property shall be determined in accordance with the test method detailed in ISO 3837 b) Sulfur content ≤ 0,05 % (m/m) This property shall be determined in accordance with the test method detailed in EN 24260 4.1.2 Flashpoint of liquid firelighters The flashpoint of any liquid firelighter shall be greater than or equal to 55°C when determined in accordance with the test method as detailed in either EN ISO 1516, EN ISO 1523, ISO 3679 or ISO 3680 4.1.3 Viscosity of thickened liquid or gel firelighters The dynamic viscosity of any thickened liquid or gel firelighter shall be greater than or equal to 250 mPa s at 20°C when determined in accordance with the test method as detailed in either EN ISO 2555, EN ISO 3104, ISO 3105, EN ISO 3219, EN ISO 12058-1 or ISO/DIS 12058-2 4.1.4 Safety in use of thickened liquid or gel firelighters When tested in accordance with the test procedures described in A.4.1 and A.4.2, the firelighter shall ignite readily and shall burn steadily, without flaring, sudden deflagrations, sparking, spitting, popping, dripping or explosion, from ignition until it has burned to extinction When applied to a naked flame using the test procedure described in A.4.3, the firelighter shall not flare or flash back or ignite into the bottle 4.1.5 Consistency of thickened liquid or gel firelighters Any separation of free liquid occurring in a bottle of thickened liquid or gel firelighter shall be reversed and the thickened liquid or gel shall be reconstituted by shaking the bottle and allowing the contents to settle 4.2 Performance 4.2.1 Burning characteristics 4.2.1.1 Solid firelighters When tested in accordance with the test procedure described in B.3.1, the firelighter shall ignite readily and shall burn steadily, without flaring, sudden deflagrations, sparking, spitting, popping, dripping, explosion or loss of integrity until the firelighter is totally consumed EN 1860-3:2003 (E) 4.2.1.2 Liquid, thickened liquid or gel firelighters When tested in accordance with the test procedure described in B.3.2, the firelighter shall ignite readily and shall burn steadily, without flaring, sudden deflagrations, sparking, spitting, popping, dripping, explosion or loss of integrity until the firelighter is totally consumed 4.2.2 Ignition time When tested in accordance with the test method described in Annex C, the mean time taken from initial ignition of the firelighter to achieving a radiation intensity of 500 W/m2 from the fire shall not exceed 25 4.3 Consumer packaging 4.3.1 General The firelighter shall be packaged in such a way as to contain the product, protect the consumer, prevent environmental pollution and facilitate safe handling, storage and transportation 4.3.2 Solid firelighters When tested in accordance with the test method described in Annex D, the consumer package shall maintain its integrity, quality of sealing, freedom from stains and dryness 4.3.3 Liquid, thickened liquid or gel firelighters 4.3.3.1 A child-resistant closure shall be fitted and it shall be tested by the method specified in EN 28317 4.3.3.2 The consumer package shall have a dosing device that shall be firmly attached to the package The dosing device shall not detach from the package when a vertical pulling force is applied to the outlet plug of the dosing device in accordance with the test procedure described in E.2.4 4.3.3.3 The consumer package shall have a protective device to prevent contents from running out when the package is open and horizontally orientated in such a way as to allow contents to escape The maximum emission shall not exceed 10 ml 4.3.3.4 The consumer package shall withstand being dropped from a height of m onto a concrete floor such that the package is not damaged to an extent that its contents can leak out 4.3.3.5 When tested in accordance with the test method described in Annex E, it shall be verified that the consumer package maintains its integrity and that the requirements given in 4.3.3.1 to 4.3.3.4 are met Marking and instructions for use The consumer packaging shall be clearly marked, in the official language of the country of intended sale, with at least the following: a) the number and date of this European Standard; b) the name and address of the manufacturer or supplier; c) the product designation (see NOTE 1); d) instructions for use; "CAUTION! Do not use spirit or petrol for lighting or re-lighting!" "CAUTION! Use only firelighters complying with the European Standard for firelighters (EN 1860-3)" EN 1860-3:2003 (E) e) risk and safety phrases in accordance with European legislation (see NOTE 2); f) warnings and hazard symbols in accordance with European legislation (see NOTE 2); g) product coding, indicating traceability of goods e.g batch number; h) an indication that, before any food is cooked, the firelighter must be completely burned and the barbecue fuel must be ashed over; i) the words "Keep out of the reach of children" NOTE The designation of a firelighter in accordance with this standard should be marked "Barbecue firelighter in accordance with EN 1860-3." NOTE Where any national or local legislation in the country of intended sale requires additional marking then this will also need to be complied with Test report The test report, each page of which shall be consecutively numbered, shall specify the results of the test and any other additional information and shall contain at least the following details concerning the test undertaken on the firelighter: a) the name and address of the firelighter manufacturer or supplier; b) all necessary details for the complete identification and designation of the firelighter tested; c) a reference to the test methods applied in accordance with this standard; d) all conditions detailed in the test procedure as described in this standard or considered optional which have influenced the result; e) a statement describing whether the safety, performance and consumer packaging requirements of clause are met or failed, supported by the detailed test results obtained; f) a copy of the marking information and instructions for use given with/on the firelighter, and a statement indicating that the marking information conforms with the requirements specified in clause 5; g) the name and address of the test authority; h) a unique serial number for the report; i) the date of issue of the report; j) signature and legible name of the person taking responsibility for the content of the report EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Annex A (normative) Method of test for safety in use of a thickened liquid or gel firelighter A.1 Purpose The purpose of the test is to establish the safety in use of the firelighter The test assesses the behaviour of the firelighter during ignition, the combustion behaviour of the firelighter and its behaviour when the firelighter is applied onto an open flame A.2 Test apparatus The following test apparatus is required: a) a laboratory fume cupboard which is operated at the minimum extraction rate necessary to just safely evacuate the products of combustion produced by the burning firelighter and charcoal; b) an aluminium fireproof bowl of dimensions approximately 200 mm x 125 mm x 35 mm; c) a gas ignition flame; d) a calibrated balance to weigh the firelighter accurately; e) a stopwatch calibrated in seconds NOTE In the interest of safety it is recommended that the face and hands of the tester are adequately protected at all times when undertaking this test A.3 Test charcoal The test charcoal used shall be barbecue stick charcoal produced from eucalyptus wood and shall comply with the following specification: A.4 Length: 20 mm to 80 mm Fixed carbon: 75 % w/w to 80 % w/w Moisture content: % w/w to % w/w Ash content: % w/w to % w/w Test procedure A.4.1 Test procedure to assess the ignition behaviour of the firelighter The test shall be carried out in a laboratory where the ambient air temperature is maintained at (20 ± 5)°C Switch on the extractor fan of the fume cupboard and operate at the minimum extraction rate necessary to just safely evacuate the products of combustion produced by the burning charcoal and firelighter Fill the aluminium bowl with 100 g of the test charcoal The charcoal shall not contain undersize pieces Heat the bowl and its contents to a temperature of 40°C Select one individual container of firelighter from a newly opened outer case and pre-heat the firelighter to a temperature of 40°C for a period of not less than 15 When the bowl and its contents reach 40°C place them on an isolating pad inside the fume cupboard Immediately apply 25 g of the heated firelighter to the charcoal Start the stopwatch simultaneously with the first application of the firelighter EN 1860-3:2003 (E) After a period of not more than ignite the charcoal and the firelighter with a gas flame Observe the firelighter on ignition and immediately thereafter and record any signs of flaring, sudden deflagrations, sparking, spitting, popping, dripping or explosion A.4.2 Test procedure to assess the combustion behaviour of the firelighter The test shall be carried out in a laboratory where the ambient air temperature is maintained at (20 ± 5)°C Switch on the extractor fan of the fume cupboard and operate at the minimum extraction rate necessary to just safely evacuate the products of combustion produced by the burning charcoal and firelighter Fill the aluminium bowl with 100 g of the test charcoal The charcoal shall not contain undersize pieces Ignite the charcoal with a gas flame When the charcoal is alight and glows evenly then apply a weighed amount of the firelighter, being not less than 10 g, directly onto the embers Observe the firelighter during the period from application to burning to extinction and record any signs of flaring, sudden deflagrations, sparking, spitting, popping or explosion A.4.3 Test procedure to assess the behaviour of the firelighter when applied to a naked flame The test shall be carried out in a laboratory where the ambient air temperature is maintained at (20 ± 5)°C Switch on the extractor fan of the fume cupboard and operate at the minimum extraction rate necessary to just safely evacuate the products of combustion produced by the gas flame and the burning firelighter Light a gas fired ignition flame inside the fume cupboard Select one individual container of firelighter from a newly opened outer case and remove half of its contents From a distance of 500 mm, using the half-filled bottle, apply the firelighter directly onto the gas fired ignition flame Observe and record whether or not the firelighter flares or flashes back or ignites into the bottle 10 EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Annex B (normative) Method of test for determining the burning characteristics of a firelighter B.1 Purpose The purpose of the test is to establish the ease of ignition of a firelighter and to assess the manner in which it burns B.2 Test apparatus The following test apparatus is required: a) a laboratory fume cupboard which is operated at the minimum extraction rate necessary to just safely evacuate the products of combustion produced by the burning firelighter; b) a laboratory tripod and wire gauze for supporting the burning firelighter within the fume cupboard; c) a stopwatch calibrated in seconds is required for measuring the ignition time NOTE In the interest of safety it is recommended that the face and hands of the tester are adequately protected when undertaking this test B.3 Test procedure B.3.1 Test procedure for solid firelighters The test shall be carried out in a laboratory where the ambient air temperature is maintained at (20 ± 5)°C Set up the wire gauze on the tripod inside the fume cupboard Switch on the extractor fan of the fume cupboard and operate at the minimum extraction rate necessary to just safely evacuate the products of combustion produced by the burning firelighter Select one individual packet of firelighters from a newly opened outer case Remove one piece of firelighter from the packet and place on the wire gauze, on the tripod Apply a naked flame to one corner of the firelighter for a period not exceeding five seconds in accordance with the firelighter manufacturer’s instructions Start the stopwatch simultaneously with the first application of the flame Measure the time, in seconds, from first applying the flame until ignition of the firelighter is achieved Observe the firelighter during the period from ignition to burning to extinction and note any signs of flaring, sudden deflagrations, sparking, spitting, popping, dripping, loss of integrity or explosion Repeat this procedure using another piece of firelighter removed from a second individual unopened packet chosen from the same previously opened outer case B.3.2 Test procedure for liquid, thickened liquid or gel firelighters The test shall be carried out in a laboratory where the ambient air temperature is maintained at (20 ± 5)°C Set up the wire gauze on the tripod inside the fume cupboard Switch on the extractor fan of the fume cupboard and operate at the minimum extraction rate necessary to just safely evacuate the products of combustion produced by the burning firelighter Measure out 20 g of the firelighter onto an inert substrate and place on the wire gauze, on the tripod Apply a naked flame for a period not exceeding s Start the stopwatch simultaneously with the first application of the flame 11 EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Measure the time, in seconds, from first applying the flame until ignition of the firelighter is achieved Observe the firelighter during the period from initial ignition to burning to extinction and note any signs of flaring, sudden deflagrations, sparking, spitting, popping, dripping, loss of integrity or explosion Repeat this procedure a further time using another 20 g of firelighter B.4 Results Calculate and record from the duplicate tests the mean time, in seconds, from first applying the flame until ignition of the firelighter is achieved Record also any signs of flaring, sudden deflagrations, sparking, spitting, popping, dripping, loss of integrity or explosion observed during the tests 12 EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Annex C (normative) Method of test for ignition performance of a firelighter C.1 Purpose The purpose of the test is to establish the ignition performance of firelighters intended for use in barbecues burning solid fuel C.2 Test installation C.2.1 Test setting The setting shall consist of a mm thick cast iron circular barbecue bowl of (420 ± 5) mm internal diameter, with a depth at its centre of (110 ± 5) mm and having a total bowl volume of (0,009 ± 0,000 5) m The bowl shall be supported on a stand at a height of (740 ± 10) mm The arrangement of the test setting is detailed in Figure C.1 The whole test setting shall be positioned so that it is sheltered from draughts and such that the sensing element of the Moll thermopile detailed in C.2.2 is not exposed to sunlight or other radiation which may affect its reading The products of combustion shall be removed by a suitable extraction system which terminates in a hood placed above the test setting Removal of the combustion gases may be performed by either natural draught or an extraction fan provided that the system has no effect upon the combustion rate 13 EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Key M thermopile Barbecue Supporting framework Figure C.1 — Schematic arrangement of ignition performance test rig C.2.2 Radiation intensity measurement The radiation intensity emitted from the fire shall be measured using a calibrated M type thermopile securely positioned as shown in Figure C.1 The e.m.f generated by the thermopile shall be measured using a suitable calibrated potentiometric chart recorder capable of being read to 0,1 mV 14 EN 1860-3:2003 (E) The radiation intensity RI, expressed in W/m , is given by the equation: RI = (m / f) × 10,000 (C.1) where m is the electrical output of the Moll thermopile, in millivolts (mV); f is the thermopile factor, in millivolts per watt per square centimetre (mV/Wcm2); For thermopiles which are not temperature compensated it shall be necessary to fit a suitable water cooled backing plate as shown in Figure C.2 so that a flow of approximately 25 ml/min of water at ambient temperature of (15 ± 3)°C can be passed during the test Key Ø - 1,78(0,070) equally spaced (No 50) holes c’sk on 22,2(7/a) P.C.D 3(1/8) external diameter × 0,8 (1/32) wall Silver soldered Figure C.2 — Water-cooled back for non-compensated M thermopile C.2.3 Stopwatch A stopwatch calibrated in seconds is required for measuring the ignition time of the fuel starting from when the firelighter(s) is(are) first lit C.2.4 Weighing apparatus A calibrated balance with a capacity of 10 kg reading to 0,01 kg is required for weighing the mass of the test fuel C.3 Test fuel The test fuel used shall be barbecue stick charcoal produced from eucalyptus wood and shall comply with the following specification: Length: 20 mm to 80 mm Fixed carbon: 75 % w/w to 80 % w/w 15 EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Moisture content: % w/w to % w/w Ash content: % w/w to % w/w The bulk density of the test fuel shall be determined as described in either ISO 567 or ISO 1013 dependant upon the fuel size C.4 Test procedure C.4.1 Initial preparation Take a sample of test fuel of mass, calculated from the determined bulk density, to be equivalent to 25% of the total bowl volume, which is sufficient for most cooking purposes C.4.2 Procedure The test shall be carried out in a cold barbecue bowl, i.e one in which the radiation intensity, as measured by the Moll thermopile, does not exceed 16 W/m and which has been cleared of residue from any previous test If the test is to be repeated on the same day, carefully clear out and discard the burning fuel from the bowl and position a fan above the bowl to aid its cooling until the measured radiation intensity is below the specified level Place a single layer of smaller sized fuel, from the ignition charge, into the centre of the bowl to cover approximately 2/3 of the total area Place the required number or quantity of firelighter(s) onto the layer of fuel so that either, for solid firelighters, their longitudinal axes are parallel to the front of the appliance, while for liquid, thickened liquid or gel firelighters, placement is as specified by the manufacturer Record the number or quantity of firelighter(s) used in the test Surround the firelighter(s) with more small sized fuel from the ignition charge Some larger pieces of fuel from the ignition charge may be used around the outside but away from the firelighter(s) It is important not to cover the firelighter(s) completely to enable easy passage of air NOTE The number or amount of firelighter(s) will depend upon the manufacturer’s instructions Begin recording the millivolt output from the Moll thermopile Ignite the firelighter(s), simultaneously starting the stopwatch and allow up to one minute for the flames to spread over the body (or bodies) of the firelighter(s) If the spread of flames takes more than one minute, make a note of the actual time taken Carefully cover the burning firelighter(s) with the remainder of the ignition charge, placing the smaller sized fuel pieces closest to the firelighter(s) The fuel shall form an approximate cone cover around the firelighter(s) Observe the radiation intensity from the fire When the radiation intensity reaches 500 W/m the barbecue fuel is deemed to be satisfactorily alight Record the time taken, in minutes and seconds, from the time the firelighter(s) were first lit until the radiation intensity reaches 500 W/m This is the ignition time Repeat this procedure a further twice using another two separate batches of size selected test fuel C.5 Results Using the three determined values of the ignition times calculate their mean value and their standard deviation If the standard deviation of the three determinations of the ignition time is greater than min, then a fourth determination shall be made and a new mean and standard deviation calculated If the standard deviation of the four determinations is lower than that of the initial three determinations then the mean result of the four results shall be reported and a comment made in the report that "four tests were done due to abnormal spread of results" If the standard deviation of the four determinations is greater than that of the three initial determinations then a fifth determination shall be made and the mean result of all five tests shall be reported If five tests are undertaken then a comment shall be put in the report stating "reproducible results were difficult to obtain" Also report the number of firelighters used in the tests and the length of time taken for the flames to spread over the body or bodies of the firelighter(s) 16 EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Annex D (normative) Method of test for the evaluation of the consumer package for solid firelighters D.1 Purpose The purpose of the test is to establish the integrity and suitability of the consumer package for a solid firelighter, in terms of adequate protection of the contents, protection of the consumer, prevention of environmental pollution and facilitation of safe handling, storage and transportation Assessment of suitability is made on the basis of visual inspection of the firelighter packets as supplied and again following exposure to elevated temperature and high relative humidity D.2 Procedure From a newly opened outer case select, at random, four individual packets of firelighter These four packets shall be used for the test Visually inspect two of the four selected individual packets for integrity of wrapping, quality of sealing, freedom from liquid fuel stains and dryness +2 Subject the two packets to an elevated temperature of 35 0°C and to a high relative humidity of 65% for 48 h Allow the packets to equilibrate at (20 ± 1)°C for h and then visually re-inspect the packets for any loss of integrity, deterioration in quality of sealing, staining and wetness Repeat the procedure with the two remaining packets of firelighters D.3 Results Record whether any loss of integrity, deterioration in quality of sealing, staining and wetness was noted 17 EN 1860-3:2003 (E) Annex E (normative) Methods of test for the evaluation of the consumer package for liquid, thickened liquid and gel firelighters E.1 Purpose The purpose of the tests is to establish the integrity and suitability of the consumer package for a liquid, thickened liquid or gel firelighter, in terms of adequate protection of the contents, protection of the consumer, prevention of environmental pollution and facilitation of safe handling, storage and transportation Assessment of suitability is made on the basis of the observations recorded during the tests described in E.2.2 to E.2.5 E.2 Procedures E.2.1 Test sample Sufficient consumer packages shall be taken from a newly opened outer case to conduct the tests described in E.2.2 to E.2.5 E.2.2 Drop test A drop test shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of EN 28317 E.2.3 Child resistant closure A child-resistant closure test shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of EN 28317 E.2.4 Dosing device test E.2.4.1 Purpose The purpose of the test is to establish whether the outlet plug of the dosing device remains attached to its container when subjected to a vertical pulling force The test shall be carried out at an ambient temperature of (20 ± 5)°C E.2.4.2 Test apparatus The following test apparatus are required: a) a moistening liquid consisting of 30% glycerine, 15% common salt and 55% de-ionised water (w/w); b) a stopwatch calibrated in seconds E.2.4.3 Test procedure Select one individual container of firelighter from a newly opened outer case and empty it of its contents Fill the container with the moistening liquid as specified in E.2.4.2 and moisten the dosing device by placing the container either on its side or upside down for a period of not less than 60 duration After allowing this period of not less that 60 for the dosing device to become moistened, empty the container of its contents Thread a length of string through the pierced hole in the outlet plug of the dosing device and fasten its end such that the string does not pull through the hole The string may be fastened by cutting open the container 18