BS EN 1127-2:2014 BSI Standards Publication Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection Part 2: Basic concepts and methodology for mining BS EN 1127-2:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1127-2:2014 It supersedes BS EN 1127-2:2002+A1:2008 which is withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EXL/23, Explosion and fire precautions in industrial and chemical plant A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2014 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 580 80561 ICS 13.230; 73.100.01 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2014 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM June 2014 ICS 13.230; 73.100.01 Supersedes EN 1127-2:2002+A1:2008 English Version Explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection Part 2: Basic concepts and methodology for mining Atmosphères explosives - Prévention de l'explosion et protection contre l'explosion - Partie 2: Notions fondamentales et méthodologie dans l'exploitation des mines Explosionsfähige Atmosphären - Explosionsschutz - Teil 2: Grundlagen und Methodik in Bergwerken This European Standard was approved by CEN on May 2014 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 1127-2:2014 E BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Terms and definitions 10 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Risk assessment 11 General 11 Identification of explosion hazards 11 Identification of ignition hazards 11 Estimation of the possible effects of an explosion 11 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 Possible ignition sources 12 Hot surfaces 12 Flames and hot gases (including hot particles) 12 Mechanically generated sparks 12 Electrical equipment 12 Stray electric currents 12 Static electricity 13 Lightning 13 Radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves from 104 Hz to × 1011 Hz (high frequency) 13 Electromagnetic waves from × 1011 Hz to × 1015 Hz 13 Ionizing radiation 13 Ultrasonics 13 Adiabatic compression and shock waves 13 Exothermic reactions, including self-ignition of dusts 13 6.1 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 Risk reduction 14 Fundamental principles 14 Avoidance or reduction of explosive atmosphere 14 Process parameters 14 Design and construction of equipment, protective systems and components containing flammable substances 16 6.3 Classification of hazardous atmospheric conditions 16 6.3.1 General 16 6.3.2 Hazardous atmospheric conditions 17 6.4 Requirements for the design and construction of equipment, protective systems and components by avoidance of effective ignition sources 17 6.4.1 General 17 6.4.2 Hot surfaces 18 6.4.3 Flames and hot gases 19 6.4.4 Mechanically generated sparks 19 6.4.5 Electrical equipment 20 6.4.6 Stray electric currents 20 6.4.7 Static electricity 20 6.4.8 Lightning 20 6.4.9 Radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves from 104 Hz to × 1011 Hz 20 6.4.10 Electromagnetic waves from × 1011 Hz to × 1015 Hz 21 6.4.11 Ionizing radiation 22 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) 6.4.12 6.4.13 6.4.14 6.5 6.5.1 6.5.2 6.6 6.7 Ultrasonics 22 Adiabatic compression and shock waves 22 Exothermic reactions, including self-ignition of dusts 22 Requirements for design and construction of equipment, protective systems and components to reduce the explosion effects 23 General 23 Special equipment for underground mining 23 Provisions for emergency measures 24 Principles for measuring and control systems for explosion prevention and protection 24 7.1 7.2 7.3 Information for use 24 General 24 Information for commissioning, maintenance and repair to prevent explosion 25 Qualifications and training 26 Annex A (informative) Relation between categories and hazardous atmospheric conditions 27 Annex B (normative) Tools for use in potentially explosive atmospheres 28 Annex C (informative) Significant technical changes between this document and the previous edition of this European Standard 29 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC 30 Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 31 Bibliography 32 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) Foreword This document (EN 1127-2:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 305 “Potentially explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2014 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2014 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 1127-2:2002+A1:2008 This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directives For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are an integral part of this document EN 1127, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion prevention and protection is composed of the following parts: — Part 1: Basic concepts and methodology — Part 2: Basic concepts and methodology for mining (the present document) Annex C provides details of significant changes between this document and the previous edition According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) Introduction General CEN and CENELEC are producing a series of standards to assist designers, manufacturers and other interested bodies to interpret the essential safety requirements in order to achieve conformity with European legislation Within this series of standards, CEN has undertaken to draw up a standard to give guidance in the field of explosion prevention and protection, as hazards from explosions are to be considered in accordance with EN ISO 12100 In accordance with EN ISO 12100, it is a type A standard Special considerations for mining Explosions can result from: — materials processed or used by the equipment and components, e.g minerals obtained as part of the winning process; — materials released by the equipment and components; — materials in the vicinity of the equipment, protective systems and components; — materials of which the equipment, protective systems and components are constructed As the explosion protection of equipment, protective systems and components depends on: — the design and construction of the equipment, protective systems and components; — the intended use; — the foreseeable misuse; — the ambient conditions; — the materials extracted and handled This standard also includes safety aspects related to these factors, i.e it is imperative that the manufacturer consider how and for what the equipment, protective systems and components will be used and take this into account during their design and construction Only in this way can hazards inherent in equipment, protective systems and components be reduced NOTE This standard can also serve as a guide for users of equipment, protective systems and components when assessing the risk of explosion in the workplace and selecting the appropriate equipment, protective systems and components Mines can be either gassy or non-gassy depending upon the mineral/material being extracted and whether or not firedamp can occur in the workings It is usual practice to consider all coal mines as gassy mines Noncoal mines can, however, also be susceptible to the occurrence of firedamp, e.g if minerals/materials are being extracted in the vicinity of oil-bearing strata or unworked coal seams which are disturbed by the extraction process or mines susceptible to outbursts of flammable gas In mines where flammable minerals/materials are extracted, there can also be a risk of explosions because small particles of the extracted product can be blown into the air to form dust/air mixtures able to support rapid combustion Combustible dust can either be an explosion risk on its own (when in the form of an explosive dust/air mixture), or it can settle in layers which may be blown from the floor and sides of the roadways by a BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) firedamp explosion In the latter case, the explosive violence can increase many times as more and more fuel in the form of combustible dust is raised by a blast wave and added to the flame as it travels along the roadways The risk of an explosive atmosphere occurring and its consequences will therefore vary from mine to mine, depending on the type of mine, its layout, the mineral being extracted and the likelihood of firedamp and/or combustible dust occurring In coal mining, firedamp and coal dust naturally associated with the coal is released by the activity of the miners Therefore, the potential explosion risk is greater as a result of explosive air/gas or air/dust mixtures forming that cannot be totally excluded by the preventive measures taken Firedamp/air mixtures are usually diluted by the ventilation and evacuated to the surface via the mine workings so that the gas content in normal operation is kept far below the lower explosion limit However, as a result of system malfunction (e.g fan failure), sudden release of large gas quantities (gas outbursts) or intensified gas release caused by decreasing air pressure or by increased coal production, the permissible gas concentration thresholds may be exceeded The explosive atmosphere caused in this way, even though limited in space and/or time, may cause a hazard not just at its point of origin but also in the escape roads, waste air paths and other connected mine structures in the mine layout Coal dust/air mixtures are usually neutralized at the dust source by water sprays, dust removal systems on heading machines and/or treating with inert dust in order to reduce the explosive potential However, an explosion hazard can exist if explosive dust can become airborne, e.g at transfer points, in bunkers and other conveying systems In contrast to surface industries, in gassy mines electrical and non-electrical equipment and mining personnel are in permanent contact with gas and/or dust/air mixtures which, under unfavourable conditions, may constitute explosive atmospheres Accordingly, particularly stringent safety requirements are in force for explosion protection and escape possibilities in the event of a hazard Due to the possibly devastating effects of underground gas/dust explosions, underground mining is permitted only well outside the explosion range In gassy mines, the decision as to whether or not mine workers can operate in a particular workplace depends upon the atmospheric conditions prevailing at the time Traditionally, a factor of safety is also introduced so that it is common practice throughout the European member states for equipment to be de-energized or made safe and for miners to be withdrawn from their workplace if the atmospheric conditions attain a specific percentage of the lower explosion limit (LEL) of methane (firedamp) in air as defined by the relevant national legislation of the member states NOTE state The current limit values for disconnecting equipment and withdrawing personnel are different in each member Two different ranges of explosive atmospheres originating from the intended installation and use of the equipment are taken into account when dealing with requirements for Equipment Groups M and M 1: — potentially explosive atmosphere — range between % and below LEL or above UEL up to 100 % of firedamp in air; — explosive atmosphere — range between LEL and UEL of firedamp in air In mine workings with explosive atmospheres, only M equipment is acceptable as it has a very high level of protection M equipment, e.g telephones or gas measuring equipment may continue to be operated in explosive atmospheres, because they are safe even in the event of rare equipment faults This is ensured by the existence of two independent protective measures or double fail-safe systems In mine workings with potentially explosive atmospheres, both M and M equipment may be used M equipment may be used as it has a high level of protection and is suitable for the severe conditions in mining In an explosive atmospheres, M equipment needs to be capable of being disconnected or made safe BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) NOTE Under special conditions, it might be necessary to operate M equipment in an explosive atmosphere for a short time, e.g when personnel are escaping from mine workings with high firedamp readings with their M caplights switched on, when personnel are being recovered by the mine rescue service or the firedamp extraction system has been started up M and M equipment can only be operated with the characteristics specified by the manufacturer as only then they ensure the relevant level of protection The manufacturer specifies the operating characteristics for the equipment In practice, national regulations require that gas measurements be taken at certain points and at specific intervals and suitable measures are taken to de-energize the equipment either manually or automatically if the firedamp concentration reaches a certain value A subdivision into hazards caused by an explosive gas atmosphere and those caused by an explosive dust atmosphere is, in contrast to EN 1127-1:2011, not advisable in underground mining as the hazard to the mine workings can be caused simultaneously by firedamp and by clouds of combustible dust Therefore, the explosion protection measures will always cover both, i.e the hazard caused by firedamp and the one caused by combustible dust The definition of potentially explosive atmospheres in coal mines susceptible to firedamp based on Directive 94/9/EC extends the definition of potentially explosive atmosphere to include combustible dust as well as firedamp Extensive research has shown that the minimum ignition energy (MIE) of coal dust/air mixtures is several hundred times that of firedamp/air mixtures and that the maximum experimental safe gap (MESG) of coal dust particles is more than double that for firedamp It is therefore reasonable to assume that the equipment, protective systems and components which are designed and constructed for use in firedamp/air mixtures are also suitable for use in coal dust/air mixtures The comparison of methane and coal dust experimental data relates only to atmospheres (mixtures of gas and/or dust with air), not to dust layers Additional precautions are required when considering coal dust deposits as, in this case, the maximum surface temperature of the equipment (limited to 150 °C for Group I equipment) on which the deposits can form can be limited to values below the minimum ignition temperature It is vital to bear in mind that in both coal mines and non-coal mines there can be areas where firedamp does not occur but where there is a risk of explosion because of combustible dust BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) Scope This European Standard specifies methods for explosion prevention and protection in mining by outlining the basic concepts and methodology for the design and construction of equipment, protective systems and components This European Standard applies to Group I equipment, protective systems and components intended for use in underground parts of mines and those parts of their surface installations at risk from firedamp and/or combustible dust NOTE Detailed information on specific equipment, protective systems and components is contained in the relevant individual standards Safety-relevant data regarding flammable materials and explosive atmospheres are required for the design and construction of the explosion protection measures This European Standard specifies methods for the identification and assessment of hazardous situations that may lead to explosions and describes the design and construction measures appropriate for the required safety This is achieved by — risk assessment; — risk reduction The safety of equipment, protective systems, and components can be achieved by eliminating hazards and/or limiting the risk, i.e a) by appropriate design (without using safeguarding); b) by safeguarding; c) by information for use; d) by any other preventive measures Measures in accordance with a) (prevention) and b) (protection) against explosions are dealt with in Clause of this standard; measures according to c) against explosions are dealt with in Clause of this standard Measures in accordance with d) are not described in this European Standard They are dealt with in EN ISO 12100:2010, Clause The preventive and protective measures described in this European Standard will not provide the required level of protection unless the equipment, protective systems and components are operated in line with their intended use and are installed and maintained according to the relevant codes of practice or requirements This standard is applicable to any equipment, protective systems and components intended to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres These atmospheres can arise from flammable materials processed, used or released by the equipment, protective systems and components or from materials in the vicinity of the equipment, protective systems and components and/or from the materials of construction of the equipment, protective systems and components As shot firing can release potentially explosive atmospheres, this standard is also applicable to the equipment used for shot firing, apart from the explosives and detonators This standard is applicable to equipment, protective systems and components at all stages of use This standard is not applicable to: — medical devices intended for use in a medical environment; BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) 6.4.11 Ionizing radiation For the identification of hazards arising from ionizing radiation, see 5.10 of EN 1127-1:2011 If hazards due to ionizing radiation have been identified, the requirements of 6.4.5 shall be met for the electrical systems needed for operation of the sources of radiation Electrical equipment generating ionizing radiation is permitted provided that the energy of a radiated pulse or energy flux (power) of continuous radiation is limited to such a low value that it cannot ignite the explosive atmosphere 6.4.12 Ultrasonics For the identification of hazards arising from ultrasonics, see 5.11 of EN 1127-1:2011 If hazards due to ultrasonics have been identified, ultrasonic waves with a frequency of more than 10 MHz are not permitted, unless the absence of an ignition risk is proved for the case in point by demonstrating that there is no absorption due to molecular resonance Ultrasonic waves are permitted only if the safety of the work procedure is ensured The power density of the generated acoustic field shall not exceed mW/mm , unless it is proved for the case in point that ignition is not possible 6.4.13 Adiabatic compression and shock waves For the identification of hazards due to adiabatic compression and shock waves, see 5.12 of EN 1127-1:2011 If hazards due to adiabatic compression and/or shock waves have been identified, depending on the category, the equipment, protective systems and components shall meet the following requirements: Category M 1: Processes that can cause compressions or shock waves which could produce ignition shall be avoided This shall be ensured even in the case of rare malfunctions As a rule, hazardous compressions and shock waves can be eliminated if, for example, the valves between sections of the system where high pressure ratios are present can only be opened slowly Category M 2: Processes which can cause adiabatic compressions or shock waves during normal operation that could ignite explosive atmospheres shall be avoided If equipment, protective systems and components containing highly oxidizing gases are used, special precautions should be taken to prevent the ignition of materials and auxiliary materials 6.4.14 Exothermic reactions, including self-ignition of dusts For the identification of hazards due to exothermic reactions, see 5.13 If hazards due to exothermic reactions have been identified, substances with a tendency to self-ignition shall be avoided whenever possible If such substances are handled, the necessary protective measures shall be agreed in each individual case If the hazard of self-ignition of the minerals and substances extracted underground exists, adequate prevention measures shall be applied (e.g removal of the substances, control of the reactions by chemicals, separate isolated ventilation or enclosure, minimization of air leakages through ancient workings) 22 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) 6.5 Requirements for design and construction of equipment, protective systems and components to reduce the explosion effects 6.5.1 General If the measures described in 6.2 or 6.4 cannot be implemented or are not advisable, the equipment, protective systems and components shall be designed and constructed to limit the effects of an explosion to a safe level using any of the following measures: — explosion-resistant design according to EN 14460; — explosion relief according to EN 14797; — explosion suppression according to EN 14373; — prevention of flame and explosion propagation according to EN 15089 These measures generally relate to the limitation of hazardous effects of explosions inside equipment, protective systems and components NOTE Additional requirements can be necessary for buildings or surroundings of equipment, protective systems and components, but these are not dealt with in this European Standard WARNING — In connected equipment, protective systems, components, pipeworks or elongated vessels, it is possible that an explosion will propagate through the entire system with flame front acceleration Built-in elements or obstacles which increase the turbulence (e.g measuring baffle plates) can also accelerate the flame front Depending on the geometry of the system, such acceleration can lead to a transition from deflagration to detonation where high pressure pulses occur In underground mining (including the corresponding aboveground areas), the considerations shall not be limited to the interior of equipment, safety systems and components Interactions between these facilities and any hazardous explosive atmospheres in the surrounding mine workings shall always be taken into account Many of the measures described in the above mentioned European Standards can be applied fully in surface installations of the mines, but they are applicable only to a limited extent or only in a specific mining-related design underground Therefore, in explosion prevention and protection for underground mining, the main emphasis shall be on the avoidance of ignition sources 6.5.2 6.5.2.1 Special equipment for underground mining Explosion suppression systems Explosion suppression systems (e.g as automatic explosion extinguishing installations) shall consist of an automatic flame detection system with trigger unit and extinguishing unit with extinguishing agent reservoir and extinguishing nozzles The contents of the extinguishing agent reservoirs shall be rapidly injected into the area of the incipient explosion and distributed as uniformly as possible NOTE See EN 14591-4 6.5.2.2 Explosion barriers Explosion barriers shall be designed to prevent the propagation of the explosion front to other galleries or to other underground workings and shall be effective in the whole cross-section of the respective underground workings NOTE See EN 14591-2 23 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) 6.5.2.3 Explosion-proof ventilation structures Explosion-proof ventilation structures, including air doors and other closing devices for connecting passages shall withstand the pressure impulse of an explosion without impairment of their function These ventilation structures shall ensure that, after an explosion, escape and rescue of personnel is still possible and that the effects of explosions are at least reduced NOTE See EN 14591-1 6.6 Provisions for emergency measures Special emergency measures may be required for explosion prevention and/or protection, e.g — emergency shut-down of the total mine or parts of it; — emergency emptying of parts of the mine; — interrupting material flows between parts of the mine; — flooding of parts of the mine by appropriate substances (e.g nitrogen, water) These measures shall be integrated into the explosion safety concept (see 6.1) during the design and construction of the equipment, protective systems and components 6.7 Principles for measuring and control systems for explosion prevention and protection General principles of this field are dealt with in EN ISO 13849-1 The explosion prevention and protection measures described in 6.2, 6.4, and 6.5 may be put into practice or monitored using measuring and control systems so that the process control can be used for the following three safety principles: — avoidance of explosive atmosphere; — avoidance of effective ignition sources; — reduction of explosion effects The relevant safety parameters shall be identified and monitored Measuring and control systems used shall produce the appropriate response NOTE The response time of the measuring and control systems is also a relevant safety parameter The required reliability of the monitoring and control system (see EN 50495 and EN 13463-6) follows from the risk assessment (see EN 15198 and EN 13463-1) Information for use 7.1 General This clause specifies information for use and maintenance which shall be supplied with the equipment, protective systems and components or as part of the instructions for use, e.g an instruction handbook The requirements of EN ISO 12100 shall be met Particular attention shall be given to the special requirements for use in explosive atmospheres 24 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) The information for use shall clearly state the equipment group and the category, if applicable and include especially the intended use and the application limits The following information shall be provided, as appropriate: a) b) specific parameters related to explosion protection; this can include: 1) maximum surface temperatures, pressures etc.; 2) protection against mechanical hazards; 3) ignition prevention; 4) prevention and/or limitation of dust accumulation safety systems; this can include: 1) temperature monitoring; 2) vibration monitoring; 3) spark detection and extinguishing systems; 4) inerting systems; 5) explosion relief systems; 6) explosion suppression systems; 7) process isolation systems; 8) vent systems for overpressures generated from processes other than explosion; 9) fire detection and fighting systems; 10) explosion decoupling systems; 11) emergency shut-down systems; 12) explosion-resistant design c) specific requirements to ensure safe operation; this can include: 1) appropriate accessories; 2) use with other equipment, protective systems and components Annex B provides information for the use of tools in potentially explosive atmospheres 7.2 Information for commissioning, maintenance and repair to prevent explosion Particular attention shall be paid to provide the following: a) instructions covering normal operation including start-up and shut-down; b) instructions covering systematic maintenance and repair including safe opening of equipment, protective systems and components; 25 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) c) instructions with regard to required cleaning, including dust removal and safe working processes; d) instructions covering fault identification and actions required; e) instructions covering the testing of equipment, safety systems and components after explosions; f) information on risks requiring action, e.g information shall be supplied about the possible existence of explosive atmospheres identified as part of the risk assessment to avoid the operator or other person acting as an ignition source 7.3 Qualifications and training The manufacturer shall supply information on the required qualifications and training so that the operator (mine owner) can select qualified and experienced staff for the special tasks involved with equipment, protective systems and components used in potentially explosive atmospheres 26 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) Annex A (informative) Relation between categories and hazardous atmospheric conditions The relation between categories of equipment, protective systems and components and atmospheric conditions in which they are to be used is shown in Table A.1: Table A.1 — Relation between categories and hazardous atmospheric conditions Category Designed for atmospheric condition Also applicable in atmospheric condition M1 Firedamp and/or combustible dusts Explosive atmosphere Potentially explosive atmosphere M2 Firedamp and/or combustible dusts Potentially explosive atmosphere - 27 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) Annex B (normative) Tools for use in potentially explosive atmospheres Instructions on the use of hand-held tools shall distinguish between the following two types of tools: a) tools which can cause only a single spark when they are used (e.g screwdrivers, spanners, impact screwdrivers); b) tools which generate a shower of sparks when used during separating or grinding work In explosive atmosphere, no tools shall be used which can cause sparks In potentially explosive atmosphere, only steel tools in accordance with a) are permissible Tools in accordance with b) are only permissible, if it is ensured that 1) no hazardous explosive atmosphere is present at the workplace and 2) dust deposits have been removed from the workplace or 3) the workplace is kept so wet that no dust can be dispersed in the air and no smoulder spots can develop In grinding or separating work, as sparks produced can fly over great distances and can lead to the formation of smouldering particles, the other areas around the workplace shall also be included in the protective measures to be taken 28 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) Annex C (informative) Significant technical changes between this document and the previous edition of this European Standard The significant changes with respect to EN 1127-2:2002+A1:2008 are listed below: Table C.1 — Significant technical changes between this document and EN 1127–2:2002+A1:2008 Type Clause Minor and editorial changes Terms and definitions have been moved to EN 13237 X Risk assessment has been modified Significant changes Extension Major technical changes X Terms “hazardous condition 1” and “hazardous condition 2” have been deleted Introduction, 6.3.2, Annex A X Adaption to EN 1127–1:2011 the whole standard X Definitions Minor and editorial changes: clarification decrease of technical requirements minor technical changes editorial corrections Changes in a standard classified as ‘Minor and editorial changes’ refer to changes regarding the previous standard, which modify requirements in an editorial or a minor technical way Changes of the wording to clarify technical requirements without any technical change are also classified as ‘Minor and editorial changes’ A reduction in the level of existing requirements is also classified as ‘Minor and editorial changes’ Extension: addition of technical options Changes in a standard classified as ‘extension’ refer to changes regarding the previous standard, which add new or modify existing technical requirements, in a way that new options are given, but without increasing requirements for equipment that was fully compliant with the previous standard Therefore these ‘extensions’ will not have to be considered for products in conformity with the preceding edition Major technical changes: addition of technical requirements increase of technical requirements Changes in a standard classified as ‘Major technical changes’ refer to changes regarding the previous standard, which add new or increase the level of existing technical requirements, in a way that a product in conformity with the preceding standard will not always be able to fulfil the requirements given in the standard ‘Major technical changes’ have to be considered for products in conformity with the preceding edition For every change classified as ‘Major Technical Change’, additional information is provided in this annex NOTE These changes represent current technological knowledge However, these changes will not normally have an influence on equipment already placed on the market 29 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 94/9/EC of 23 March 1994 concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 94/9/EC Clause(s)/sub-clause(s) of this Essential Requirements (ERs) Qualifying remarks/Notes EN of Directive 94/9/EC Clause to Clause and Annex B Annex II, with the exception of the following clauses: 1.0.5 Marking 1.2.6 Safe opening 1.2.7 Protection against other hazards 1.2.8 Overloading of equipment 1.4 Hazards arising from external effects 1.5 Requirements in respect of safety-related devices 1.6 Integration of safety requirements relating to the system 2.1 Requirements applicable to equipment in category of equipment-group II 2.2 Requirements for category of equipmentgroup II 2.3 Requirements applicable to equipment in category of equipment-group II WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard 30 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirement 1.5.7 of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard 31 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) Bibliography [1] Council Directive 89/686/EEC of 21 December 1989 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to personal protective equipment [2] Directive 94/9/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 23 March 1994 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres [3] ATEX Guidelines, Guidelines on the application of Directive 94/9/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 23 march 1994 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially Explosive Atmospheres — 4th edition September 2012 [4] Directive 2006/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery CLC/TR 50404, Electrostatics — Code of practice for the avoidance of hazards due to static electricity CLC/TR 50426, Assessment of inadvertent initiation of bridge wire electro-explosive devices by radiofrequency radiation — Guide CLC/TR 50427, Assessment of inadvertent ignition of flammable atmospheres by radio-frequency radiation — Guide EN 1834-2, Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Safety requirements for design and construction of engines for use in potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 2: Group I engines for use in underground workings susceptible to firedamp and/or combustible dust EN 13463-2, Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 2: Protection by flow restricting enclosure 'fr' EN 13463-3, Non-electrical equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 3: Protection by flameproof enclosure 'd' EN 13463-5, Non-electrical equipment intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 5: Protection by constructional safety 'c' EN 13463-8, Non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres - Part 8: Protection by liquid immersion 'k' EN 14591-1, Explosion prevention and protection in underground mines - Protective systems - Part 1: 2-bar explosion proof ventilation structure EN 14591-2, Explosion prevention and protection in underground mines - Protective systems - Part 2: Passive water trough barriers EN 14591-4, Explosion prevention and protection in underground mines - Protective systems - Part 4: Automatic extinguishing systems for road headers EN 14983, Explosion prevention and protection in underground mines - Equipment and protective systems for firedamp drainage EN 14986, Design of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheres 32 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) EN 15188, Determination of the spontaneous ignition behaviour of dust accumulations EN 15198, Methodology for the risk assessment of non-electrical equipment and components for intended use in potentially explosive atmospheres EN 15233, Methodology for functional safety assessment of protective systems for potentially explosive atmospheres EN 50303, Group I, category M equipment intended to remain functional in atmospheres endangered by firedamp and/or coal dust EN 50495, Safety devices required for the safe functioning of equipment with respect to explosion risks EN 60079-1, Explosive atmospheres — Part 1: Equipment protection by flameproof enclosures “d" EN 60079-5, Explosive atmospheres — Part 5: Equipment protection by powder filling “q" EN 60079-6, Explosive atmospheres — Part 6: Equipment protection by oil immersion “o" EN 60079-7, Explosive atmospheres — Part 7: Equipment protection by increased safety “e" EN 60079-11, Explosive atmospheres — Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety “i" EN 60079-18, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 18: Construction, test and marking of type of protection encapsulation “m” electrical apparatus EN 60079-20-1, Explosive atmospheres — Part 20-1: Material characteristics for gas and vapour classification — Test methods and data EN 60079-25, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 25: Intrinsically safe systems EN 60079-26, Explosive atmospheres — Part 26: Equipment with equipment protection level (EPL) Ga EN 60079-28, Explosive atmospheres — Part 28: Protection of equipment and transmission systems using optical radiation EN 60079-29-1, Explosive atmospheres — Part 29-1: Gas detectors — Performance requirements of detectors for flammable gases EN 60079-29-2 Explosive atmospheres — Part 29-2: Gas detectors — Selection, installation, use and maintenance of detectors for flammable gases and oxygen EN 60079-30-1, Explosive atmospheres — Part 30-1: Electrical resistance trace heating — General and testing requirements EN 60079-30-2, Explosive atmospheres — Part 30-2: Electrical resistance trace heating — Application guide for design, installation and maintenance EN 60079-31, Explosive atmospheres — Part 31: Equipment dust ignition protection by enclosure “t" EN 60079-35-1, Explosive atmospheres — Part 35-1: Caplights for use in mines susceptible to firedamp — General requirements - Construction and testing in relation to the risk of explosion EN 60079-35-2, Explosive atmospheres — Part 35-2: Caplights for use in mines susceptible to firedamp — Performance and other safety-related matters 33 BS EN 1127-2:2014 EN 1127-2:2014 (E) EN 61340-4-4, Electrostatics — Part 4-4: Standard test methods for specific applications — Electrostatic classification of flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBC) EN 61508 (all parts), Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems EN 62305-2, Protection against lightning — Part 2: Risk management EN 62305-3, Protection against lightning — Part 3: Physical damage to structure and life hazard EN ISO/IEC 80079-34, Explosive atmospheres — Part 34: Application of quality systems for equipment manufacture (ISO/IEC 80079-34) prEN ISO IEC 80079-38, Explosive atmospheres — Part 38: Equipment and components in explosive atmospheres in underground mines IEC 60050-426, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary — Part 426: Equipment for explosive 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