BS EN 442-2:2014 BSI Standards Publication Radiators and convectors Part 2: Test methods and rating BS EN 442-2:2014 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 442-2:2014 It supersedes BS EN 442-2:1997 which is withdrawn The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RHE/6, Air or space heaters or coolers without combustion A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application © The British Standards Institution 2014 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014 ISBN 978 580 82034 ICS 91.140.10 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2014 Amendments issued since publication Date Text affected BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM December 2014 ICS 91.140.10 Supersedes EN 442-2:1996 English Version Radiators and convectors - Part 2: Test methods and rating Radiateurs et convecteurs - Partie : Méthodes d'essai et d'évaluation Radiatoren und Konvektoren - Teil 2: Prüfverfahren und Leistungsangabe This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 October 2014 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref No EN 442-2:2014 E BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Contents Page Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references 3.1 3.2 Terms, definitions, symbols and units Terms and definitions Symbols and units of measurement 11 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.3 4.4 Selection of heating appliances to be tested 12 Classification 12 Selection of models to be tested for determining the thermal outputs of a type 12 Selection of models to be tested when the variable characteristic dimension is the overall height and the cross-section of the variable part is constant 12 Selection of models to be tested when the variable characteristic dimension for the type is other than the overall height 13 Testing samples submission and identification 14 Supplementary test 17 5.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.5 5.2.6 5.3 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.4.5 5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2 Equipment of laboratory and test methods 17 Principle 17 Apparatus 17 Test system 17 Reference test installation 17 Master radiators 20 Verification of test installation repeatability and reproducibility 24 Accuracy of measuring instruments and devices 29 Calibration of measuring instruments 30 Preparation for thermal output test 30 Test methods 30 General 30 Weighing method 31 Electric method 31 Measurements and calculations 31 Determination of the characteristic equation 34 Presentation of results 35 Standard thermal output of a model 35 Determination of the catalogue outputs of a type made at variable water flow rate 36 Test report 36 4.2.2 Annex A (normative) Master radiators dimensional verification 39 Annex B (informative) Determination of pressure drop 46 B.1 Introduction 46 B.2 Pressure drop equation of a type 47 B.2.1 General 47 B.2.2 Pressure drop characteristic equation of a model 47 B.3 Test method 47 B.3.1 Test circuit 47 B.3.2 Pressure tappings 47 B.4 Test procedure — Setting up 48 B.5 Measurements of differential pressures using an inverted U tube manometer 48 B.5.1 Techniques of measurement 48 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) B.5.2 B.5.3 B.5.4 B.5.5 B.5.6 B.5.7 Surface tension effect 48 Leakage 48 Air pockets in connecting piping 48 Blocked pressure holes 48 Level of inlet and outlet connections 49 Damping (throttling) of excessive movement (oscillation) of inverted U tube manometer liquid 49 Annex C (normative) Least squares regression for a model 53 Annex D (normative) Analysis of test results by the method of least squares multiple regression 54 Annex E (normative) Specimen of the test report 56 Annex F (informative) Apparatus and method for checking the bulk temperature measuring devices 60 Annex G (informative) Examples of typical appliances according to Table 62 Annex H (normative) Determination of the ΦM values of the master radiators primary set 71 Annex I (normative) Traceability of the thermal output measurement of radiators and convectors 72 I.1 General 72 I.2 Thermal output traceability 72 I.2.1 Reference test installations 72 I.2.2 Approved test installations 73 I.3 Handling of the Master radiator sets 73 Annex J (normative) Calibration Procedure 74 J.1 General 74 J.2 RRT Organizational course 74 J.3 Test procedure and submission of results 75 J.4 Test analysis and assessment 75 Annex K (normative) Pretreatment and paint testing method 77 Bibliography 78 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Foreword This document (EN 442-2:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 130 “Space heating appliances without integral heat sources”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2015 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights This document supersedes EN 442-2:1996 This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association The most significant changes that have been made in this new edition of EN 442-2 are the following ones: — some new definitions have been added; — the straight or curved towel or bathroom radiator have been included; — different surface treatments have been included; — a new normative Annex J "Calibration Procedure" has been added; — a new normative Annex K "Pretreatment and paint testing method" has been added This European Standard comes from an output of the project SMT4 - CT97 - 2127 funded by the European Commission DGXII-RDT This European Standard, Radiators and convectors, consists of the following parts: — Part 1: Technical specifications and requirements; — Part 2: Test methods and rating [the present document] According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Introduction This European Standard results from the recognition that the heating appliances falling into the field of application hereinafter stated are traded on the basis of their thermal output To evaluate and compare different appliances it is therefore necessary to refer to a single stipulated value, hereinafter called the standard rated thermal output In addition, for low temperature systems a standard low temperature thermal output is given The standard thermal outputs (standard rated thermal output and standard low temperature thermal output) are defined value taken from the characteristic equation The pre-requisites of the standard thermal outputs, as defined by this European Standard, are the following: — to be representative of the actual output of the appliance in different operating conditions; — to be reproducible within the tolerances defined by this European Standard, taking into account the state of measuring techniques; — to be representative of the thermal outputs, obtainable under the same test conditions, of any identical sample taken out of the current production (within the tolerances defined by this European Standard taking into account the state of measuring techniques and methods of manufacture) BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Scope This European Standard defines procedures for determining the standard thermal outputs and other characteristics of radiators and convectors installed in a permanent manner in construction works, fed with water or steam at temperatures below 120 °C, supplied by a remote energy source This European Standard specifies the laboratory arrangements and testing methods to be adopted, the admissible tolerances, the criteria for selecting the samples to be tested and for verifying the conformity of the current production with the samples tested at the initial test This European Standard also defines the additional common data that the manufacturer shall provide with the product in order to ensure the correct application of the products This European Standard does not apply to fan assisted radiators, fan assisted convectors and trench convectors and to independent heating appliances Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 10088-1, Stainless steels — Part 1: List of stainless steels EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025) ISO 16269-7, Statistical interpretation of data — Part 7: Median — Estimation and confidence intervals Terms, definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply 3.1.1 heating appliance device having the purpose of transferring heat in order to provide specific temperature conditions inside buildings 3.1.2 independent heating appliance self-contained heating appliance which does not need to be connected to a remote energy source (e.g a boiler) as it contains its own energy source (e.g gas fired appliances, electric appliances, air to air heat pump appliances) 3.1.3 radiator heating appliance produced with different materials (e.g steel, aluminium, cast-iron) and with different designs (e.g plate type, column type, tube type, finned tube type), which emits heat by free convection and radiation 3.1.4 sectional heating appliances (mainly applied to radiators) heating appliance manufactured in sections of identical design and traded in this form which can be joined together into modular assemblies so that the desired output can be obtained BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) 3.1.5 free convection heating appliance heating appliance which does not contain a fan or similar device to activate the air flow over heat emitter 3.1.6 convector heating appliance which emits heat almost entirely by free convection Note to entry: A convector comprising at least a heat emitter and a casing which provides an unheated convective chimney of defined height 3.1.7 skirting convector convector of limited height running along the base of an interior wall 3.1.8 height of the unheated convective chimney vertical distance between the lowest edge of the convector and the bottom of the air outlet section Note to entry: It applies to convectors only, being a main factor influencing their thermal output 3.1.9 wet heating surface; primary heating surface portion of the heat emitting surface which is always in contact with the primary fluid (water or steam) 3.1.10 dry heating surface; secondary heating surface portion of the heat emitting surface which is in contact with air only (e.g fins projecting from the wet surface) 3.1.11 family of heating appliances group of heating appliances of similar design and construction and of identical material, positions of primary fluid connections and other related variables that particularly affect the conditions of flow of the primary fluid within the heating appliance 3.1.12 type of radiators/convectors group of heating appliances of similar design whose cross-section remains unchanged while the height or length varies or which have a systematic variation of only one characteristic dimension of the dry heating surfaces providing that this does not affect the water side (e.g the height of convector fins on panel radiator) Note to entry: For the calculation in conformity to Annex D, at least three models are required 3.1.13 model heating appliance of defined height, length and depth within a type 3.1.14 range of heights difference between the maximum and minimum height of the models in a type 3.1.15 module of heating appliances reference length of the useful portion of a heating appliance Note to entry: The module coincides with: — the section, in the case of sectional heating appliances; — a length of m, in the case of non-sectional heating appliances; BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) — a finned length of m, in the case of finned tube convectors 3.1.16 sample representative heating appliance used for the determination of one or more of the performance characteristics 3.1.17 inlet water temperature bulk temperature of the water entering the heating appliance 3.1.18 outlet water temperature bulk temperature of the water leaving the heating appliance 3.1.19 temperature drop difference between inlet and outlet water temperature 3.1.20 mean water temperature arithmetical mean of inlet and outlet water temperature 3.1.21 reference air temperature air temperature measured on the vertical line at the centre of the test booth, 0,75 m above the floor level 3.1.22 excess temperature difference between mean water temperature and reference air temperature 3.1.23 standard excess temperature excess temperature of 50 K as determined in the standard conditions Note to entry: 20 °C Inlet water temperature of 75 °C, outlet water temperature of 65 °C and reference air temperature of 3.1.24 standard excess low temperature excess temperature of 30 K at standard flow rate 3.1.25 air pressure air pressure measured at the test place 3.1.26 standard air pressure 101,325 kPa (1,013 25 bar) 3.1.27 water flow rate amount of water flowing through the heating appliance per unit of time 3.1.28 standard water flow rate water flow rate relating to standard test conditions BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key air opening in the bottom part of the enclosure air inlets Figure G.5 — Pipe grill radiator 66 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres 2x2 convective chimneys height 878 mm 2x29 convective chimneys height 960 mm Key welding spots Figure G.6 — Double panels radiator with convective fins 67 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres 4x16 convective chimneys height 4x60 mm 2x22 convective chimneys height 282 mm Key welding spots per tube Figure G.7 — Flat tubes radiator with convective fins 68 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Figure G.8 — Finned tube convector 69 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Dimensions in millimetres Key 22 columns Figure G.9 — Multi column radiator 70 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Annex H (normative) Determination of the ΦM values of the master radiators primary set This annex contains the ΦM reference values of a primary set of master radiators complying with this European Standard as indicated in Table H.1 These ΦM values have been determined by a circuit of test installations as specified in 5.2.4.1 The test installations forming the circuit comply with EN ISO/IEC 17025, accredited by a National Standards Body The ΦM reference values contained in the following table are the mean values calculated from the values obtained by each reference test installation Table H.1 — ΦM reference values of a primary set of master radiators Master radiator N° Relevant figure in the Standard ΦM reference value Master radiator N – Single panel Figure 788 W Master radiator N – Single column Figure 272 W Master radiator N – Double column Figure 292 W 71 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Annex I (normative) Traceability of the thermal output measurement of radiators and convectors I.1 General Annex H contains the ΦM reference values of a primary set of master radiators complying with this European Standard As specified in 5.2.3, these reference values have been determined in a circuit formed by a group of laboratories 2) having completed a test installation complying with requirements of this standard as detailed in 5.2.4.2.1 Laboratories shall be considered working to the specific requirements of this standard when they demonstrate their conformity to this standard and the traceability of the outputs achieved using their master radiators in comparison with the reference standard output ΦM of each radiator of the primary master radiator, detailed within Annex H This annex specifies the procedure with which the reference and approved test installations shall both verify and demonstrate their conformity to this standard and the calibration of the system The procedure specified in this European Standard concerns the initial assessment as well as the maintenance of the traceability of the measurements for reference and approved test installations I.2 Thermal output traceability I.2.1 Reference test installations All reference test installations shall produce repeatability and reproducibility data in accordance with 5.2.4.2.1 Verification to the primary set of master radiators shall be undertaken within a maximum period of 24 months All the test data which is obtained shall be made available for inspection by any of the national standards or accreditation bodies All reference test installations shall be nominated by their national standards body These laboratories shall fulfil all the requirements of this European Standard specifically those construction requirements contained in 5.2.2 and the verification of test installation repeatability and reproducibility requirements contained in 5.2.4.2.1 Failure to comply with any of the requirements contained in the standards precludes recognition as a reference test installation It is the duty of all reference test installations to maintain and circulate the primary set of master radiators 2) The laboratories that have determined the reference values of ΦM stated in Annex H are: - BSRIA (UK) Reference Laboratory United Kingdom; - CETIAT (FR) Reference Laboratory France; - LHR/FGHLK (D) * Reference Laboratory Germany; - MRT (I) Italy Reference Laboratory Additionally within the project SMT - CT97-2127, LGAI (E) (at present APPLUS) Reference Laboratory Spain confirmed the determined values * At present LHR/FGHLK shall be read as IGE/HLK 72 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) I.2.2 Approved test installations The traceability of thermal output measurements for approved test installations is maintained through the verification of the repeatability and reproducibility tolerances as described in 5.2.4.3.3 and 5.2.4.3.4 using master radiators or other radiators The verification of the repeatability tolerance shall be made within a maximum period of 24 months using radiators from a reference test installation All reproducibility tests shall be undersigned by the reference laboratory All approved test installations which apply for third party accreditation for testing according to this European Standard shall demonstrate traceability of measurements through a reference test installation I.3 Handling of the Master radiator sets All master radiators shall be securely packaged to prevent damage, and shall be stored in a dry location In the event of damage to any master this shall be segregated to prevent use 73 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Annex J (normative) Calibration Procedure J.1 General Every Laboratory shall take part in a round robin test every two years This test shall be performed by all Laboratories after verifications specified in 5.2.4.2 For the calibration purpose it is recognized that the SG03-WG1, group of Notified Bodies, registered on Nando WEB site exists The Leader of the Group is appointed by the CPR technical sector J.2 RRT Organizational course The SG03 WG1 shall select the design (panel radiator, aluminium, etc.) of the sample radiator for the next test taking in account possible advice from laboratories The sample shall be selected by the SG03 WG1 and checked at the beginning and at the end of the RRT The test sample shall be unknown to all participants in the RRT The SG03 WG1 shall prepare the time schedule for the complete procedure and present its draft during a kick off meeting, taking in account that: — each laboratory shall be informed of the date for its next test at least weeks in advance, — each participating laboratory shall have two working days available to perform the test The costs of the test and of transportation of the test sample to the next Laboratory shall be taken by the tested Laboratory If for any reason a participant cannot maintain the scheduling, he will inform the SG03 WG1 which will provide for sending immediately the sample to be tested to the next participant included in the scheduling list The participant which cannot respect the scheduled time, could re-enter in this RRT scheme at the end, and all costs for shipping the sample will be again on its charge Laboratory which fails for the second time to perform scheduled test, will be deleted for one year from the Calibrated Laboratories List On decision and by nomination of SG03 WG1 an expert can attend the tests for the Laboratories which participate for the first time at the RRT, the costs will be on charge of Laboratory Every Reference Laboratory (Annex I) at the same time as the RRT, will check itself using also the Primary Master Radiators (PMRs) The compliance of test results with Annex H and Annex I tables ensure the calibration of the reference Laboratory If one Reference Laboratory fall outside tolerance in RRT, it shall retest the unknown sample and also one PMR second set, in presence of an expert; if the laboratory overcome the failure, it shall motivate the reason of the previous deviation 74 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) In addition, all costs arising from the performance of the test on its test installation and from transportation of the test sample/s to the next address, shall be covered by the tested Reference Laboratory Relative costs for the travel and accommodation of expert will be invoiced to the Laboratory which fails the test Test results of PMRs will be submitted to SG03 WG1 J.3 Test procedure and submission of results The test result shall be established by one single test The filled in check-list together with the test results, i.e measured thermal output and characteristic equation, shall be submitted to SG03 WG1 immediately after finishing the test J.4 Test analysis and assessment The reference value for comparison of test results shall be the calculated mean value according to the form below (see ISO 16269-7): ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––Procedure––––––––––––––––– Preliminary operation: Arrange the observations into ascending order, X1, X2, X3, …, Xn Information required: a) Sample size is odd; Sample size n = : Select case: b) Sample size is even Initial calculation required: If case = a) then m = (n+1)/2 m = … If case = b) then m = n/2 m = … Calculation of the sample median, X: th If case = a) then X is equal to the m smallest (or largest) observation, i.e X = Xm th th If case = b) then X is equal to the arithmetic mean of the m and (m+1) smallest (or largest) observation i.e X = (Xm + Xm+1)/2 Result: The sample median (estimate of population median) is X = … ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––This procedure shall be iterated removing one at time the outliers value until the remaining are within ± 1,0 % NOTE The value considered in the above evaluation for the Laboratory having in charge RRT, is the arithmetic average between the value of the first test (initial test) and the result of the last scheduled test (final control test), premised that the difference between the two results is within ± 1,0 % If one laboratory presents a test result exceeding the admissible deviation of ± % it shall submit to the following conditions: a) the reason for the arisen deviation shall be identified, b) the period during which the deviation could have arisen shall be unambiguously identified, c) measures shall be taken to avoid such deviations in future, 75 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) d) by means of appropriate controls it shall be realized that the taken measures are meeting the purpose, e) the carrying out and the results of above mentioned steps shall be recorded and submitted to the SG03 WG1 for examination In case of a slight exceeding of a test result SG03 WG1 shall hear the responsible of Notified Body and shall decide how to proceed in this case The Notified Body shall reserve the right to induce verification tests for those test report that are based on measurements established within the period according to b) In any other case of exceeding of the admissible deviation the following additional measures are recommended to the responsible Notified Body: f) the approval granted by the Notified Body shall be suspended until the success of taken correcting measures can be proved, g) test reports delivered starting from the last periodic verification of test installation shall be withdrawn, h) in agreement with the Approving Certifying Body, SG03 WG1 will propose to re-start a RRT for the Laboratories outside tolerance The new test shall be witnessed by an expert designed by SG03 WG1 All costs relative to the travel of the expert shall be paid in advance directly to expert by the Laboratory concerned 76 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Annex K (normative) Pretreatment and paint testing method Scope of this test is to demonstrate the absence of surface corrosion after 100 h humidity exposure The test shall be carried out in a chamber in which the air temperature and humidity shall be controlled A sample of radiator belonging to each family shall be tested The sample of radiator shall be empty The relative humidity shall be cycled within 60 % and 100 %, to obtain condensation on the surface of the sample of radiator The period of the cycle shall last one hour The temperature of the air shall cycle around the average value of 45 °C After test, through a visual inspection, there shall be no evidence of damage to the surface coating, like blistering, spots, rust staining and change of colour If preferred by the manufacturer, a salt fog test of a minimum duration of 100 h shall be considered an acceptable alternative to the above described method 77 BS EN 442-2:2014 EN 442-2:2014 (E) Bibliography [1] EN 442-1, Radiators and convectors — Part 1: Technical specifications and requirements [2] EN ISO 228 (all parts), Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are not made on the threads [3] ISO 31-4, Quantities and units — Part 4: Heat [4] ISO 5725 (all parts), Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results 78 This page deliberately left blank NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW British Standards Institution (BSI) BSI is the national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter British Standards and other standardization products are published by BSI Standards Limited About us Revisions We bring together business, industry, government, consumers, innovators and others to shape 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