www bzfxw com BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 418 1992 Safety of machinery — Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects — Principles for design The European Standard EN 418 1992 has the status of a British S[.]
BRITISH STANDARD Safety of machinery — Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects — Principles for design The European Standard EN 418:1992 has the status of a British Standard UDC 62-783.5:331.45:614.8 BS EN 418:1992 BS EN 418:1992 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries: This British Standard, having been prepared by the Machinery and Components Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 December 1992 © BSI 10-1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MCE/3 Draft for comment 90/82130 DC ISBN 580 20861 Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge de normalisation Denmark Dansk Standardiseringsraad Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y France Association franỗaise de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Luxembourg Inspection du Travail et des Mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund Portugal Instituto Portugs da Qualidade Spain Asociación Espola de Normalización y Certificación Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation United Kingdom British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd No Date Comments BS EN 418:1992 Contents © BSI 10-1998 Cooperating organizations National foreword Page Inside front cover ii Foreword Text of EN 418:1992 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back cover Inside back cover i BS EN 418:1992 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Machinery and Components Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN 418 Safety of machinery — Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects — Principles for design published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) EN 418 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the United Kingdom took an active part A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, the EN title page, pages to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover ii © BSI 10-1998 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 418 NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM October 1992 UDC 62-783.5:331.45:614.8 Descriptors: Safety of machines, dangerous machines, accident prevention, safety devices, control devices, stopping, emergency measures, design, specifications English version Safety of machinery — Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects — Principles for design Sécurité des machines — Equipement d’arrêt d’urgence, aspects fonctionnels — Principes de conception Sicherheit von Maschinen — Not-Aus-Einrichtung, funktionelle Aspekte — Gestalgungsleitsätze ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1992-10-16 CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © 1992 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref No EN 418:1992 E EN 418:1992 Foreword CEN/TC 114-CLC/TC 44X/JWG has been entrusted by CEN/TC 114 with the task of producing standards on emergency stop, safety hold, isolation and energy dissipation This standard is the result of the first part of this task The standard was accepted and in accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 1993, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 1993 Contents Foreword Introduction Scope Normative references Definitions 3.1 Emergency stop (function) 3.2 Emergency stop equipment 3.3 Control device 3.4 Manual control (actuator) 3.5 Machine actuator Safety requirements 4.1 General requirements 4.2 Specific requirements for electrical equipment 4.3 Operating conditions, environmental influences 4.4 Shape, colour and arrangement of emergency stop actuators 4.5 Additional requirements for wires and ropes, when used as actuators Figure — Functional aspects of the field of application of EN 418 Figure — Emergency stop equipment in machinery Page 3 4 4 4 6 7 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ © BSI 10-1998 EN 418:1992 Introduction This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the Commission of the European Communities and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of the machinery EC Directive and associated EFTA regulations An essential safety requirement of the Machinery Directive relating to emergency stopping and reproduced in subclause 6.1.1 of EN 292-2 specifies that machinery shall be provided with emergency stop equipment, except for: — machines in which an emergency stop equipment would not lessen the risk, either because it would not reduce the stopping time or because it would not enable the special measures required to deal with the risk to be taken; — hand-held portable machines and hand-guided machines The purpose of this standard is to specify the functional requirements the emergency stop equipment has to comply with, to fulfil the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive As a complement to this standard, a standard dealing with the control device (see 3.3) of electrical emergency stop equipment is being prepared by CENELEC/TC 17 B Scope This standard specifies design principles for emergency stop equipment for machinery No account is taken of the nature of the energy source A functional demarcation of the emergency stop equipment is shown in Figure Figure illustrates the location of this equipment in machinery ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Figure — Functional aspects of the field of application of EN 418 © BSI 10-1998 EN 418:1992 Normative references Definitions This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts — General principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2:1991, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts — General principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles and specifications EN 60204-1:1985, Electrical equipment of industrial machines — Part 1: General requirements For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply NOTE EN 60204-1:1985 has undergone a major revision and the resulting prEN 60204-1:1991 “Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements” has been adopted in February 1992 In order to help make the transition between EN 60204-1:1985 and its new version, every reference to a section or sub-section of EN 60204-1:1985 in the present standard is complemented by a reference to the equivalent part of prEN 60204-1:1991 NOTE Functions such as reversal or limitation of motion, deflection, shielding, braking, disconnecting, etc may be part of the emergency stop function This standard does not deal with these functions EN 60947-5-1:1992 (3rd part), Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5: Control circuit devices and switching elements — Chapter 1: Definitions, characteristics, tests — Section 3: Special requirements for control switches with positive opening operation 3.1 emergency stop (function) function which is intended — to avert arising or to reduce existing hazards to persons, damage to machinery or to work in progress; — to be initiated by a single human action when the normal stopping function is inadequate for this purpose hazards for the purpose of this standard are those which may arise from: — functional irregularities (malfunctioning of the machinery, unacceptable properties of the processed material, human errors ); — normal operation 3.2 emergency stop equipment ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ arrangement of components intended to achieve the emergency stop function (see Figure 2, showing the parts of a machine those components can belong) 3.3 control device that component of the emergency stop equipment which generates the emergency stop signal when the associated manual control (actuator) is operated 3.4 manual control (actuator) that component of the control device which, when operated, activates the control device, and is designed to be operated by a person (see 4.4.1) 3.5 machine actuator a power mechanism used to effect motion of a machine © BSI 10-1998 EN 418:1992 ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ Figure — Emergency stop equipment in machinery © BSI 10-1998 EN 418:1992 Safety requirements 4.1 General requirements 4.1.1 The emergency stop function shall be available and operational at all times, regardless of the operating mode NOTE When emergency stop control devices can be disconnected (e.g portable teaching pendants) or when machinery can be partially isolated, care shall be taken to avoid confusion between active and inactive control devices 4.1.2 The control device and its actuator shall apply the principle of positive mechanical action (see 3.5 of EN 292-2) NOTE A control switch with positive opening operation, is an example of a suitable control device According to EN 60947-5-1 (3rd part, subclause 2.2), positive opening operation (of a contact element) is “the achievement of contact separation as the direct result of a specified movement of the switch actuator through non-resilient members (e.g not dependent upon springs)” 4.1.3 The emergency stop equipment shall neither be used as an alternative to proper safeguarding measures nor as an alternative for automatic safety devices, but it may be used as a back-up measure 4.1.4 After activation of the actuator, the emergency stop equipment shall operate in such a way that the hazard is averted or reduced automatically in the best possible manner NOTE The statement “in the best possible manner” includes among others: — choice of optimal deceleration rate; — selection of the stop category (see 4.1.5 hereunder), according to the risk assessment NOTE “Automatically” means that, after activation of the emergency stop actuator, the achievement of the emergency stop function may be the result of a predetermined sequence of internal functions 4.1.5 The emergency stop shall function as: — either stop category 0, i.e stopping by: — immediate removal of power to the machine actuator(s); — or mechanical disconnection (declutching) between the hazardous elements and their machine actuator(s); and, if necessary, braking (uncontrolled stop); — or stop category 1, i.e a controlled stop with power to the machine actuator(s) available to achieve the stop and then removal of power when the stop is achieved 4.1.7 The emergency stop command shall override all other commands 4.1.8 The response of the machine to the emergency stop command shall not generate any additional hazard 4.1.9 The emergency stop function shall not impair the effectiveness of safety devices or of devices with safety-related functions NOTE For this purpose, it may be necessary to ensure the continuing operation of auxiliary equipment such as magnetic chucks or braking devices 4.1.10 The emergency stop function shall not impair any facilities designed to release trapped persons NOTE The emergency stop function may include initiation of certain of these facilities 4.1.11 Any action on the actuator which results in generating the emergency stop command shall also result in the latching-in of the control device so that, when the action on the actuator is discontinued, the emergency stop command be maintained until the control device is reset (unlatched) It shall not be possible for the control device to latch-in without generating the stop command NOTE In case of a failure in the control device (latching-in means included), the function generating the stop command shall have priority over the latching-in function ｗｗｗ．ｂｚｆｘｗ．ｃｏｍ 4.1.12 Resetting the control device shall only be possible as the result of a manual action on the control device itself Resetting the control device shall not by itself cause a restart command It shall not be possible to restart the machine until all control devices which have been actuated are reset manually, individually and intentionally 4.1.13 The state the machine is brought into by an emergency stop command shall not alter unintendedly (unexpectedly) during the time the control device is in the actuated condition 4.2 Specific requirements for electrical equipment See EN 60204-1:1985, paragraphs 5.6.1 and 6.2.7 (prEN 60204-1:1991, paragraphs 9.2.2, 9.2.5.4 and 10.7; see note in clause 2) 4.1.6 The emergency stop equipment shall be designed such that deciding to actuate the emergency stop actuator shall not require the operator to consider the resultant effects (stopping zone, deceleration rate, etc.) © BSI 10-1998 EN 418:1992 4.3 Operating conditions, environmental influences The components of the emergency stop equipment shall be selected, assembled and interconnected so that this equipment meets the expected operating conditions and environmental influences This includes: — consideration of the frequency of operation and the need for periodic testing (especially reliable switching should be foreseen in the case of infrequent operation), — consideration of vibration, shock, temperature, dust, foreign bodies, moisture, corrosive materials, fluids, etc 4.4 Shape, colour and arrangement of emergency stop actuators 4.4.1 The emergency stop actuators shall be designed for easy actuation by the operator and others who may need to operate them Types of actuators that may be used include: — mushroom-type push buttons; — wires, ropes, bars; — handles; — in specific applications, foot-pedals without protective cover 4.4.2 The emergency stop actuators shall be positioned for easy access and for non-hazardous operation by the operator and others who may need to operate them 4.4.4 When machinery is divided into several “emergency stop zones”, the whole system shall be designed so that it is easy to see which emergency stop actuators correspond to which zones 4.5 Additional requirements for wires and ropes, when used as actuators 4.5.1 Consideration shall be given to: — the amount of deflection necessary for generating the emergency stop signal; — the maximum deflection possible; — the minimum clearance between the wire or the rope and the nearest object in the vicinity; — the force to be applied to the wire or rope in order to actuate the control unit; — making wires or ropes visible for the operators (e.g by use of marker flags) 4.5.2 In the event of breaking or disengagement of a wire or a rope, the emergency stop signal shall be generated automatically 4.5.3 Resetting facilities should be placed so that the whole length of the wire or rope is visible from those resetting facilities NOTE If this is not practicable, the instructions for use should state that, after actuation and before resetting, the machinery should be inspected along the whole length of the wire or rope in order to detect the reason for activation NOTE Measures against inadvertent operation should not impair accessibility 4.4.3 The emergency stop actuators shall be coloured red As far as a background exists behind the actuator and as far as it is practicable, it shall be coloured yellow NOTE In certain circumstances, it may be useful to provide labels in addition NOTE For electrical equipment, see also subclause 5.6.1.3 of EN 60204-1:1985 (subclause 10.2.1 of prEN 60204-1:1991; see note in clause 2) NOTE When using wires or ropes, it can be useful to improve their visibility by using marker flags attached to them © BSI 10-1998 blank BS EN 418:1992 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted by the Machinery and Components Standards Policy Committee (MCE/-) to Technical Committee MCE/3, upon which the following bodies were represented Advanced Manufacturing Technology Research Institute Agricultural Engineers Association Association for Consumer Research (ACRE) British Cable Makers’ Confederation British Compressed Air Society British Federation of Printing Machinery and Supplies Ltd British Rubber Manufacturers’ Association Ltd British Textile Machinery Association Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Department of Trade and Industry Engineering Employers’ Federation Engineering Equipment and Materials Users’ Association Federation of Bakers Health and Safety Executive Institute of Materials Management Institution of Occupational Safety and Health Loss Prevention Council METCOM Machine Tool Technologies Association Machinery Safety Equipment Manufacturers’ Association Ministry of Defence Society of Laundry Engineers and Allied Trades Limited Trades Union Congress National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard EN 292-1:1991 EN 292-2:1991 EN 60204-1:1985 BS EN 292 Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1:1991 Basic terminology, methodology Part 2:1991 Technical principles and specifications BS 2771 Electrical equipment of industrial machines Part 1:1986 Specification for general requirements © BSI 10-1998 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BSI Ð British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level It is incorporated by Royal 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