BRITISH STANDARD AUTOMOBILE SERIES BS AU 185 1983 Specification for Seat belt booster cushions UDC 629 113 042 2 614 862 BS AU 185 1983 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction[.]
BRITISH STANDARD AUTOMOBILE SERIES Specification for Seat belt booster cushions UD C 62 1 42 : 61 862 BS AU 185:1983 BS AU 185:1983 Committees responsible for this British Standard This British Standard was published under the direction of the Automobile Standards Committee AUE/- Its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AUE/7 upon which the following bodies were represented: Automobile Association Consumer Standards Advisory Committee of BSI Consumers Association Department of Industry (Mechanical Engineering) Department of the Environment (Transport and Road Research Laboratory) Department of Transport Institute of Housing Man- made Fibres Producers’ Committee Medical Research Council Ministry of Defence Motor Cycle Association of Great Britain Motor Industry Research Association National Automobile Safety Belt Association Royal Automobile Club Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited Tape and Webbing Manufacturers’ Association University of Birmingham This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 January 983 © BSI 02- 2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference AUE/7 Draft for comment 82/73783 DC ISBN 580 13239 Amendments issued since publication Amd No Date of issue Comments BS AU 185:1983 Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii Scope Definition Performance Instructions and information Marking Appendix A Dynamic test Appendix B Description of the test seat and anchorages Appendix C Reference seat belt Appendix D Description of manikin Appendix E Stopping device 18 Appendix F Curve of deceleration of trolley as a function of time 21 Figure — Dimensions of seat trolley Figure — Position of anchorage points Figure — Reference seat belt Figure — Exploded view of manikin 10 Figure — Principle dimensions of manikin 14 Figure — Adj ustment of neck cable 15 Figure — Adj ustment of Atlas- Axis j oint 15 Figure — Adj ustment of hip j oint 16 Figure — Adj ustment of knee j oint 17 Figure — Adj ustment of shoulder j oint 17 Figure 1 — Adj ustment of elbow j oint 18 Figure — Adj ustment of lumbar cable 18 Figure — Dimensions of frontal impact stopping device 19 Figure — Dimensions of frontal impact of olive- shaped knob of stopping device 20 Figure — Curves of deceleration of trolley as a function of time (curve for calibrating stopping device) Table — Characteristics of polyurethane foam filling Table — List of components of manikin 11 Table — Mass of components 12 Table — Principal dimensions of manikin 13 Publications referred to © BSI 02- 2000 21 Inside back cover i BS AU 85 : 983 Fore word This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Committee at the request of the Department of Transport Whilst it is permissible for seat belt booster cushions to be used with a lap belt in the centre front seat, in vehicles where these are fitted, or in the rear seats, it should be noted that the amount of protection provided by such devices is not as great as when they are used with a lap and diagonal seat belt For a child, the greatest protection is provided by an approved harness or safety seat A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application C omp liance with a British S tand ard d oe s no t of itse lf confe r immunity from le gal ob ligatio ns S ummary of p age s This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages to 22, an inside back cover and a back cover This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover ii © BSI 02- 2000 BS AU 85 : 983 D ynamic te st S cop e This British Standard specifies requirements for 3.2.1 The booster cushion shall be tested in seat belt booster cushions that are for use with a lap accordance with Appendix A and shall comply seat belt, a lap and diagonal seat belt or a child with 3.2.2 to 3.2.4 safety harness which carries a BSI Kitemark, an “E” 3.2.2 Mark or an “e” Mark These cushions are intended Appendix A shall the forward movement of the hip for use by persons of small stature (of mass kg or pivot of the manikin exceed 50 mm The maximum At no time during the test described in more) occupying forward facing seats of motor forward movement of the manikin at the chest level vehicles for the purpose of improving the fit of the shall exceed the maximum forward movement of the seat belt and therefore the protection against inj ury hip pivot, but shall not exceed 300 mm NOTE 3.2.3 The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover D e finition For the purposes of this standard the following definition applies In side elevation, the lap belt, where it passes over the manikin installed as described in Appendix A, shall be at an angle greater than 45 ° to the horizontal 3.2.4 The booster cushion shall remain substantially in position during the test b oo ste r cushion a firm cushion that can include an integral back above the seating plane, designed for a person of small stature to sit on to improve the fit of an approved 1) lap seat belt, lap and diagonal seat belt or a child safety harness It is restrained by either the seat belt or child safety harness or by a separate means It may also, as appropriate, incorporate design features to improve the lie of the seat belt Instructions and information Each booster cushion shall be accompanied by the following instructions and information: a) the statement that “when used in accordance with these instructions the booster cushion allows an approved adult seat belt or child safety harness to be used by a person of small stature”; b) the mass range for which it is intended; Pe rformance Ge ne ral 3.1 The booster cushion shall be so designed and constructed that, when correctly installed and properly used by an occupant, the seat belt will operate satisfactorily and reduce the risk of bodily inj ury in the event of an accident The booster c) the correct method of installing the booster cushion; and the seating positions for which it is intended; d) the importance of ensuring that the lap strap is worn immediately below the stomach and across the tops of the thighs and also the desirability of wearing the straps tightly; cushion shall be restrained against forward e) the method recommended for cleaning the movement directly by the adult seat belt or a booster cushion; separate restraining device, and not by the occupant f) a general warning to the user of the danger of except where a back is provided In this case the making any alterations to the booster cushion total mass of the device shall not exceed kg and the height of the back shall be not less than 600 mm above a horizontal surface when the device is resting on that surface with the back vertical and without load 3.1 The booster cushion shall not have any sharp edges or other features liable to cause inj ury to the person seated on it or other occupants of the vehicle without the approval of the manufacturer; g) a warning that the booster cushion should not be used if it is damaged or if it has been subj ected to accident loads even if damage is not obvious; h) a warning that an ordinary loose cushion should not be substituted for, or used with, a booster cushion or to damage the seat belt 3.1 The booster cushion shall be so designed and constructed that the occupant is released solely by release of the seat belt and that this is not prevented by the booster cushion trapping any part of the seat belt assembly 1) An approved seat belt is one that carries a BSI Kitemark, an “E” Mark or an “e” Mark (see clause © BSI 02- 2000 1) BS AU 185:1983 Marking Each b ooster cushion complying with this British Standard shall be permanently and indelib ly marked with the following: a) the numb er of this British Standard, i e BS AU 85 2) ; b) the name, trade mark or other means of identification of the responsible manufacturer; c) the mass range for which it is intended 2) Marking BS AU 85 on or in relation to a product is a claim by the manufacturer that the product has been manufactured to the requirements of the standard The accuracy of such a claim is therefore solely the manufacturer’s responsib ility E nquiries as to the availab ility of third party certification to support such claims should b e addressed to the D irector, Quality Assurance D ivision, BSI, Maylands Avenue, Hemel Hempstead, Herts HP2 4SQ for certification marks administered by BSI or to the appropriate authority for other certification marks © BSI 02 - 000 BS AU 85 : 983 Ap p endix A D ynamic te st Mount the booster cushion in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions on a trolley equipped with the seat and seat belt anchorages described in Appendix B Fit a reference seat belt as described in Appendix C to the seat belt anchorages Use a new seat belt for each test Seat the dressed manikin specified in Appendix D on the booster cushion and fit the seat belt to the manikin as follows Remove the upper anchor plate of the seat belt from the test anchorage C and fit it to setting anchorage D Firmly adjust the seat belt to the manikin but in such a way that the compression of the test seat cushion is not more than 10 mm Without further adjustment of the seat belt, refit the upper anchorage plate to the test anchorage position Propel the trolley in such a way that the velocity change is 50 + 0, – km/h and the manikin remains stable Decelerate the trolley using either the apparatus described in Appendix E or any other device giving equivalent results This apparatus shall meet the performance requirements specified in Appendix F Check that the booster cushion has not damaged the seat belt or the manikin Check that release of the seat belt is not prevented by the booster cushion trapping any part of the seat belt assembly A A A A A Tab le — C haracte ristics o f p o lyure thane foam filling C haracte ristic kg/m3) Density (in Compression stiffness Pressure, p, in N/cm2, to produce a deflection of 25 % 50 % 65 % Compression stiffness factor Measured values of p at 65 %/p at 25 % Compression set (in %) Tear strength (N/cm) Breaking strength (in N/cm2) Elongation at rupture (in %) Valu e 35 to 45 0.25 ± 0.05 0.37 ± 0.05 0.50 ± 0.05 < 2.5 < 15 W5 W 10 W 100 Ap p e ndix B D escrip tion of the test se at and anchorage s B Te st se at The seat shall comprise a fixed rigid back and a seat cushion as specified in to The dimension shall be in accordance with Figure The fixed rigid back shall be 500 mm high and tilted 20° rearwards and shall be covered with polyurethane foam of 70 mm thickness, whose characteristics are given in Table The lower part of the back shall be made of a 20 mm diameter tube The seat cushion shall be made from the material described in Table The rear part of the seat cushion shall be made from a rigid sheet metal, which has its upper edge constructed from a 20 mm diameter tube For the tests, the seat cushion shall be covered with a light cloth not liable to change the rigidity An opening shall be made between the back and the seat cushion as shown in Figure The width of the seat shall be 800 mm B B B B B B B B Anchorage s The anchorages shall be positioned as shown in Figure The anchorages A, B and C shall comply with ECE Regulation No 14 and shall be used for the dynamic test B B © BSI 02-2000 BS AU 85 : 983 B Anchorage D shall be used for initial adj ustment purposes only Figure — D ime nsions of se at trolle y © BSI 02 - 000 BS AU 185:1983 Figure — Position of anchorage points © BSI 02 - 000 BS AU 85 : 983 Ap p e ndix C Re fe re nce se at b e lt The seat belt shall be made to the configuration shown in Figure and shall meet the dynamic test requirements of ECE Regulation 16 or 77/541/EEC without pre-conditioning The elongation of the straps under a load of 550 daN shall be ± % The elongation of the straps under a load of 980 daN shall be 12 ± % The width of the straps under a load of 980 daN shall be 46 ± 1, – mm C.1 C.2 C.3 C.4 © BSI 02-2000 BS AU 185:1983 Figure — Exploded view of manikin 10 © BSI 02 - 000 BS AU 85 : 983 Tab le — List of comp one nts o f manikin Part No D e scri p ti o n Nu mb e r Head Neck elements Neck core elements (polyamide) Atlas- Axis block Transducer mounting block Transducer mounting block attachment bolt Head bolt Nut Washer 10 Upper torso 11 Shoulder- j oint ball 12 Shoulder- j oint socket half 13 Adj ustment bolt for shoulder j oint 14 Spring washer 15 Upper arm left 16 Upper arm right 17 Forearm left 18 Forearm right 19 Elbow- hinge bolt 20 Elbow- hinge nut 21 Lumbar vertebrae 22 Spine cable 23 Lower torso 24 Adj ustment nut for neck 25 Adj ustment nut for lumbar vertebrae 26 Washer 27 Spring 28 Abdominal insert 29 Hip j oint ball 30 Hip j oint adj ustment nut 31 Upper leg left 32 Upper leg right 33 Lower leg left 34 Lower leg right 35 Knee hinge bolt 36 Knee hinge nut Accessories: 37 Jacket 38 Trousers, pair of D.2.3 Chest D.2.3.1 The skeleton of the chest consists of a tubular steel frame on which the arm j oints are mounted The spine consists of a steel cable with four threaded terminals D.2.3.2 The skeleton is coated with polyurethane It is possible to install measuring equipment in the chest cavity D.2.4 Limbs The arms and legs are made of polyurethane, reinforced by metal elements in the form of square tubes, strips and plates The knees and elbows are provided with adj ustable hinge j oints The j oints of the upper arm and upper leg consist of adj ustable ball and socket j oints D.2.5 Pelvis D.2.5.1 The pelvis is made of glass reinforced polyester coated with polyurethane © BSI 02- 2000 11 BS AU 85 : 983 D.2.5 The shape of the upper side of the pelvis, which is important for determining sensitivity to abdominal loading, is simulated as far as possible from the shape of a child’s pelvis D.2.5 D.2.6 The hip j oints are situated j ust below the pelvis Assembly of the manikin D.2 6.1 Neck to chest to pelvis The lumbar vertebrae and the pelvis are threaded on to the steel cable and their tension is adj usted by a nut The neck vertebrae are mounted and adj usted in the same way Since the steel cable shall not be free to move through the chest, it shall not be possible to adj ust the tension of lumbar vertebrae from the neck or vice- versa D.2 6.2 Head to neck The head may be mounted and adj usted by means of a bolt and nut through the Atlas- Axis block D.2 6.3 Torso to limbs D.2 6.3 The arms and legs may be mounted and adj usted to the torso by means of ball and socket j oints D.2 6.3 For the arm j oints the balls are connected to the torso; in the case of the leg j oints, they are connected to the legs D Main characte ristics Mass The mass of the components of the manikin shall be in accordance with Table Principal dimensions The principal dimensions, based on Figure 5, are given in Table D.3.1 D.3.2 D Ad j ustme nt o f j oints General In order to achieve reproducible results using the manikins, it is essential to specify and D.4.1 adj ust the friction in the various j oints, the tension in the neck and lumbar cables, and the stiffness of the abdominal insert Adjustment of the neck cable D.4.2 D.4.2.1 Place the torso on its back in a horizontal plane D.4.2.2 Mount the complete neck assembly without the head D.4.2.3 Tighten the tensioner nut on the Atlas- Axis block D.4.2.4 Place a suitable bar or bolt through the Atlas- Axis block Tab le — Mass o f co mp one nts C o mp o ne nt Mass kg Head + neck Torso ×) Lower arm (2 × ) Upper leg (2 × ) Lower leg (2 × ) Upper arm (2 Total D.4.2.5 ± 1 30 ± 30 00 ± 1 60 ± 50 ± 5 00 ± 32 00 ± 70 60 Loosen the tensioner nut until the Atlas- Axis block is lowered by ± mm when a load of 50 N directed downwards is applied to the bar or bolt through the Atlas- Axis block (see Figure 6) D.4.3 Atlas-Axis joint D.4.3.1 Place the torso on its back in a horizontal plane D.4.3.2 Mount the complete neck and head assembly D.4.3.3 Tighten the bolt and adj ustment nut through the head and the Atlas- Axis block with the head in a horizontal position D.4.3.4 D.4.4 Loosen the adj ustment nut until the head starts moving (see Figure 7) Hip joint D.4.4.1 Place the pelvis on its front in a horizontal plane D.4.4.2 Mount the upper leg without the lower leg D.4.4.3 Tighten the adj ustment nut with the upper leg in a horizontal position 12 © BSI 02- 2000 BS AU 85 : 983 D.4.4.4 Loosen the adj ustment nut until the upper leg starts moving Tab le — Princip al dime nsions of manikin No C o mp o ne nt D i me nsi o n mm Back of buttocks to front knee 456 Back of buttocks to popliteus, sitting 376 Centre of gravity to seat 200 Chest circumference 660 Chest depth 42 Distance between shoulder blades 295 Head width 41 Head length 81 Hip circumference, sitting 780 10 Hip circumference, standing (not shown) 740 11 Hip depth, sitting 80 12 Hip width, sitting 255 13 Neck width 14 Seat to elbow 86 15 Shoulder width 345 16 Eye height, sitting 625 17 Height, sitting 725 18 Shoulder height, sitting 483 19 Sole to popliteus, sitting 20 Stature (not shown) 21 Thigh height, sitting © BSI 02- 2000 89 355 376 06 13 BS AU 185:1983 Figure — Principal dimensions of manikin 14 © BSI 02 - 000 BS AU 85:1 983 Figure — Adj ustment of neck cable Figure — Adj ustment of Atlas-Axis j oint D.4.4.5 The hip j oints should be checked frequently in the initial stages because of “running- in” problems (see Figure 8) D.4.5 Knee joint D.4.5.1 Place the upper leg in a horizontal position D.4.5.2 Mount the lower leg D.4.5.3 Tighten the adj ustment nut of the knee j oint with the lower leg in a horizontal position D.4.5.4 Loosen the adj ustment nut until the lower leg starts moving (see Figure 9) D.4.6 Shoulder joint D.4.6.1 Place the torso upright D.4.6.2 Mount the upper arm without the lower arm © BSI 02- 2000 15 BS AU 85 : 983 D.4.6.3 Tighten the adj ustment nuts of the shoulder with the upper arm in a horizontal position D.4.6.4 Loosen the adj ustment nuts until the upper arm starts moving (see Figure 0) D.4.6.5 The shoulder j oints should be checked frequently in the initial stages because of “running- in” problems D.4.7 Elbow joint D.4.7.1 Place the upper arm in a vertical position D.4.7.2 Mount the lower arm D.4.7.3 Tighten the adj ustment nut of the elbow with the forearm in a horizontal position D.4.7.4 Loosen the adj ustment nut until the forearm starts moving (see Figure 1 ) D.4.8 Lumbar cable D Assemble the upper torso, lumbar vertebrae, lower torso, abdominal insert, cable and spring D Tighten the cable adj ustment nut in the lower torso until the spring is compressed to two- thirds of its unloaded length (see Figure 2) Figure — Ad j ustme nt of hip j oint 16 © BSI 02- 2000