Specification for Casing and Tubing API SPECIFICATION 5CT NINTH EDITION, JULY 2011 EFFECTIVE DATE: JANUARY 1, 2012 ERRATA, SEPTEMBER 2012 Specification for Casing and Tubing Upstream Segment API SPECIFICATION 5CT NINTH EDITION, JULY 2011 EFFECTIVE DATE: JANUARY 1, 2012 ERRATA, SEPTEMBER 2012 Special Notes API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed Neither API nor any of API's employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication Neither API nor any of API's employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights API publications may be used by anyone desiring to so Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products in fact conform to the applicable API standard Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any given situation Users of this specification should consult with the appropriate authorities having jurisdiction Users of this specification should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet All rights reserved No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005 Copyright © 2011 American Petroleum Institute Foreword Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005 Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000 A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005 Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standards@api.org iii Contents Page Introduction viii Scope 2.1 2.2 Conformance Dual referencing of normative references Units of measurement Normative references 4.1 4.2 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms Terms and definitions Symbols and abbreviated terms 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 10 Grades C90, T95 and C110 10 Casing 10 Tubing 12 Coupling stock, coupling material and accessory material 13 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Process of manufacture 14 General 14 Heat treatment 14 Straightening 15 Traceability 16 Processes requiring validation 16 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 Material requirements 17 Chemical composition 17 Tensile properties 17 Charpy V-notch test — General requirements 18 Charpy V-notch — Absorbed energy requirements for coupling stock, coupling material, coupling blanks and couplings 19 Charpy V-notch — Absorbed energy requirements for pipe 21 Charpy V-notch — Absorbed energy requirements for accessory material 22 Maximum hardness 23 Hardness variation — Grades C90, T95, C110 and Q125 24 Process control — Grades C90, T95, C110 and Q125 24 Hardenability — Minimum percentage martensite for quenched and tempered products 24 Grain size — Grades C90, T95 and C110 25 Surface condition — Grades L80 9Cr and L80 13Cr 25 Flattening — Electric-welded pipe 25 Sulfide stress cracking test — Grades C90, T95 and C110 25 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 Dimensions, masses, tolerances, product ends and defects 28 Labels and sizes 28 Dimensions and masses 28 Diameter 29 Wall thickness 29 Mass 29 Length 30 Casing jointers 30 v 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 Height and trim of electric-weld flash 30 Straightness 31 Drift requirements 31 Tolerances on dimensions and masses 31 Product ends 33 Defects 34 Coupling make-up and thread protection 35 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 Couplings 35 General requirements 35 Alternative grades or heat treatments 35 Mechanical properties 36 Dimensions and tolerances 36 Regular couplings 36 Special-clearance couplings — Groups 1, and 37 Combination couplings 37 Reducing couplings — Groups 1, and 37 Seal-ring couplings 37 Special-bevel tubing regular couplings — Groups 1, and 37 Threading 37 Surface inspection 38 Measurement of imperfections 38 Repair and removal of imperfections and defects 38 Thread surface treatment — Grade Q125 39 Couplings and coupling blank protection — Grades C90, T95, C110 and Q125 39 10 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 Inspection and testing 39 Test equipment 39 Lot definition for testing of mechanical properties 39 Testing of chemical composition 40 Tensile tests 41 Flattening test 43 Hardness test 44 Impact test 51 Grain size determination — Grades C90, T95 and C110 52 Hardenability — Grades C90, T95 and C110 52 Sulfide stress-cracking test — Grades C90, T95 and C110 52 Metallographic evaluation — EW Grades P110 and Q125 53 Hydrostatic tests 53 Dimensional testing 55 Visual inspection 58 Non-destructive examination (NDE) 58 11 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 Marking 66 General 66 Stamp marking requirements 67 Stencil marking requirements 68 Colour identification 69 Thread and end-finish marking — All groups 70 Pipe-threader marking requirements — All groups 70 12 12.1 12.2 Coating and protection 70 Coatings — All groups 70 Thread protectors 71 13 13.1 13.2 Documents 72 Electronic media — All groups 72 Certification — Groups 1, (except Grade C110) and 72 vi 13.3 13.4 Certification requirements — Grades C110 and Q125 72 Retention of records 72 14 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Minimum facility requirements for various categories of manufacturer 72 Pipe mill 72 Processor 72 Pipe threader 73 Coupling, pup-joint or accessory manufacturer 73 Annex A (normative) Supplementary requirements 74 Annex B (normative) Purchaser inspection 91 Annex C (normative) Tables in SI units 92 Annex D (normative) Figures in SI (USC) units 143 Annex E (normative) Tables in USC units 171 Annex F (informative) Use of the API Monogram by Licensees 221 Annex G (informative) Procedures used to convert from USC units to SI units 228 Annex H (normative) Product Specification Levels 240 Annex I (normative) Requirements for thread protector design validation 248 Annex J (informative) Summary of Product Specification Level (PSL) requirements 252 Annex K (normative) Modification of the hydrogen sulfide titration procedures in ANSI-NACE TM0284-2003, Appendix C 260 Annex L (informative) Technical changes from the previous edition 261 Bibliography 270 vii Introduction This Standard is based on the Eighth edition of API Spec 5CT Users of this Standard are advised that further or differing requirements can be needed for individual applications This Standard is not intended to inhibit a vendor from offering, or the purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application This can be particularly applicable where there is innovative or developing technology Where an alternative is offered, it is advisable that the vendor identify any variations from this Standard and provide details This Standard includes requirements of various nature These are identified by the use of certain verbal forms: ⎯ SHALL is used to indicate that a provision is MANDATORY; ⎯ SHOULD is used to indicate that a provision is not mandatory, but RECOMMENDED as good practice; ⎯ MAY is used to indicate that a provision is OPTIONAL Details of the major changes (additions, modifications and deletions) agreed by the committee, and which affect the performance of the products or the technical requirements applicable to the products, are provided for information in Annex L and are indicated in this Standard by the use of grey shading Grey shading is also used to indicate editorial changes Where deletions, but no other changes, have been made, vertical bars are used in the margin adjacent to the applicable line or at each side of a cell in a table Where a complete line or paragraph has been deleted, margin bars next to a blank line are used While efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the changes indicated, the user of this Standard is advised to consider the total technical content and not only the changes identified Details of the Errata (September 2012) are indicated in this standard by the use of the symboll “12►” The user is ultimately responsible for recognising any differences between this edition and the previous edition of this Standard viii 258 SPECIFICATION FOR CASING AND TUBING J.9.1.4 No product to be susceptible to having material detach during make-up (appropriate processing or abrasive blasting) [H.10 & H.12] J.9.1.5 Seal ring groove machining and tolerances [H.11] J.9.1.6 Wall thickness measurement with 25 % coverage [H.17.1] J.9.1.7 NDE of coupling stock sold as coupling stock [H.18.4] J.9.1.8 Certification to A.9 SR15 (with heat and lot traceability) [H.19] J.9.1.9 Seal ring to be shipped separately [H.20] J.9.2 PSL-3 The following requirements shall be satisfied: J.9.2.1 Surface hardness test of each pipe body, upset end and coupling [H.14.1] J.9.2.2 Wall thickness measurement with 100 % coverage, report the minimum wall thickness [H.17.2] J.9.2.3 NDE: mandatory ultrasonic test plus one other method [H.18.1.5] J.9.2.4 NDE of pipe ends after end finishing [H.18.3] J.9.2.5 NDE of coupling stock [H.18.5] J.10 Grade Q125 J.10.1 PSL-2 The following requirements shall be satisfied: J.10.1.1 Charpy V-notch impact shear area minimum of 75 % [H.6.1] J.10.1.2 Statistical impact testing according to A.7 SR 12 [H.6.2.2] J.10.1.3 No product to be susceptible to having material detach during make-up (appropriate processing or abrasive blasting) [H.10 & H.12] J.10.1.4 Seal ring groove machining and tolerances [H.11] J.10.1.5 Wall thickness measurement with 25 % coverage [H.17.1] J.10.1.6 NDE of coupling stock sold as coupling stock [H.18.4] J.10.1.7 Seal ring to be shipped separately [H.20] API SPECIFICATION 5CT J.10.2 PSL-3 The following requirements shall be satisfied: J.10.2.1 Maximum yield strength of 965 MPa (140 ksi) specified [H.5] J.10.2.2 Surface hardness test of each pipe body, upset and coupling [H.14.1] J.10.2.3 Wall thickness measurement with 100 % coverage, report the minimum wall thickness [H.17.2] J.10.2.4 NDE of pipe ends after end finishing [H.18.3] J.10.2.5 NDE of coupling stock [H.18.5] 259 Annex K (normative) Modification of the hydrogen sulfide titration procedures in ANSI-NACE TM0284-2003, Appendix C K.1 Solution preparation for low hydrogen sulfide (H2S) analyses Both the 0,1 N thiosulfate and the 0,1 N iodine solutions should be diluted 10 times with deionized or distilled water The dilution of the thiosulfate solution shall be precise, so that the resulting solution is 0,010 N NOTE The dilution of the iodine solution does not have to be precise as the iodine concentration in the diluted solution will be established by titration K.2 Titration procedures K.2.1 This Annex describes several recoomended departures from procedures in ANSI-NACE TM0284-2003, Appendix C K.2.2 The factor, B/A, is critical and shall be measured precisely (as the normality of the iodine is only approximately 0,01 N) In order to limit the thiosulfate addition to < 25 ml, 20 ml iodine solution shall be added NOTE From the titration, the factor is estimated to be approximately 1,1 However, any value is acceptable K.2.3 The concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) shall be diluted 10 times using deionised or distilled water Approximately ml of the diluted HCl shall be added to the iodine solution K.2.4 For best results, the titration should be carried out in a small flask with a magnetic stirrer To enhance the colour of the solution a piece of white paper should be placed beneath the flask K.2.5 The starch addition shall be made near the end-point of the titration when the colour of the solution starts to fade K.2.6 The end-point of the titration is a clear, colourless solution K.3 Titration of H2S in solution K.3.1 The H2S solution should be introduced using a syringe The volume sampled shall be accurate to within ± % Any vapour (H2S) formed upon sampling can be slowly fed into the stirred iodine solution K.3.2 The end point will be a milky yellow suspension of colloidal sulfur K.3.3 The bracket term in Equation A1 in ANSI-NACE TM0284-2003 shall be: [(A × Factor) – B] and not [(A – B) × Factor)] 260 Annex L (informative) Technical changes from the previous edition L.1 Introduction This informative annex is intended to guide the user to places where significant technical changes have been introduced into the previous edition of this Standard Editorial changes are not included in this annex References refer to the previous edition While this annex is intended to be comprehansive, the user should satisfy himself that he fully understands the changes which have been made The user is ultimately responsible for recognising any differences between this edition and the previous edition of the document L.2 Requirements for Group 2, Grade C110 Scope Normative references Information to be supplied by the purchaser 5.1 5.2.3 Process of manufacture 6.1 6.3.5 6.4.2 Material requirements 7.1 7.2.4 7.3.1 7.4.5 7.5.4 7.5.6 7.7.1 7.8 7.9 7.10.2 7.10.3 7.11 7.14 Dimensions, masses, tolerances, pipe ends and defects 8.12.4 8.12.6 261 262 SPECIFICATION FOR CASING AND TUBING Couplings 9.3 9.4 9.18 10 Inspection and testing 10.2.2 10.2.3 10.3.1 10.3.2 10.4.4 10.4.6 10.4.7 10.4.9 10.4.10 10.6.2 10.6.5 10.6.7 10.6.12 10.6.14 10.6.15 10.7.3 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.12.3 10.13.4 10.15.9 10.15.11 10.15.12 10.15.13 11 Marking 11.2.5 13 Documents 13.2 13.3 Annex A Supplementary requirements A.4 A.9.1 A.12 A.13 Annex C Tables in SI units Table C/E.1 Annex E Tables in USC units Table C/E.4 Table C/E.6 Table C/E.7 API SPECIFICATION 5CT 263 Table C/E.17 Table C/E.18 Table C/E.19 Table C/E.20 Table C/E.33 Table C/E.39 Table C/E.40 Table C/E.41 Table C/E.42 Table C/E.43 Table C/E.53 Table C/E.62 Table C/E.66 Table C/E.68 Table C/E.69 Table C/E.81 Annex D Figures in SI (USC) units Figure D.30 Annex F Marking instructions for API licensees F.4.2.5 Annex G Procedures used to convert from USC units to SI units G.8.4 G.9.1 Annex H Product Specification Levels Annex K Modification of the hydrogen sulfide titration procedures in ANSI-NACE TM0284-2003, Appendix C H.1 L.3 Changes to non-destructive examination requirements 10 Inspection and testing 10.15.1 10.15.3 10.15.15 L.4 Changes to sulfide stress cracking requirements for Group 2, Grades C90 and T95 Material requirements 7.14 10 Inspection and testing 10.10 264 SPECIFICATION FOR CASING AND TUBING L.5 Changing Group 2, Grade C95 to Group 1, Grade R95 Scope Information to be supplied by the purchaser 5.1 Process of manufacture 6.2.2 6.3.1 6.3.2 Material requirements 7.4.5 7.5.3 10 Inspection and testing 10.4.9 10.6 10.7 10.15.6 11 Marking 11.2.1 11.2.4 11.2.5 11.2.6 11.6 Annex A Supplementary requirements A.3 A.10 Annex C Tables in SI units Table C/E.1 Annex E Tables in USC units Table C/E.4 Table C/E.6 Table C/E.7 Table C/E.14 Table C/E.17 Table C/E.18 Table C/E.19 Table C/E.20 Table C/E.23 Table C/E.30 Table C/E.40 Table C/E.41 Table C/E.42 Table C/E.51 Table C/E.61 Table C/E.63 Table C/E.66 Table C/E.68 Table C/E.80 Table C/E.81 API SPECIFICATION 5CT Annex F Marking instructions for API licensees 265 F.4.2.4 F.4.2.5 F.4.2.6 Annex G Procedures used to convert from USC units to SI units G.8.3 G.8.4 G.9.1 Annex H Product Specification Levels H.3.2 L.6 Change to Label-1: coupling outside diameter Annex C Tables in SI units Table C.32 Table C.33 Annex E Tables in USC units Table E.35 Table E.36 L.7 Introduction of "product test block" and "standardised test block" Normative references Terms and definitions 10 Inspection and testing 10.6.3 10.6.9 10.6.10 10.6.12 10.6.13 Annex D Figures in SI (USC units) Figure D.9 L.8 Change to requirements for NDE of weld seams 10 Inspection and testing 10.15.10 L.9 Change to requirements for weight tolerances Dimensions, masses, tolerances, pipe ends and defects 8.11.3 L.10 Requirements for imperfections in threaded sections Dimensions, masses, tolerances, pipe ends and defects 8.13 10 Inspection and testing 10.15.16 266 SPECIFICATION FOR CASING AND TUBING L.11 Requirements for marking seal ring couplings Annex A Supplementary requirements A.8.3 Annex C Tables in SI units Table C.46 Annex D Figures in SI (USC) units Figure D.29 Annex E Tables in USC units Table E.46 L.12 Requirements for paint marking Grades L80 9Cr and L80 13Cr 11 Marking 11.4.3 11.4.4 11.4.5 Annex C Tables in SI units Table C.46 Annex E Tables in USC units Table E.46 L.13 Requirements for arc burns Terms and definitions Dimensions, masses, tolerances, pipe ends and defects 8.13.1 8.13.2 Couplings 9.14.8 10 Inspection and testing 10.15.6 L.14 Introduction of "coupling material" Scope Terms and definitions Information to be supplied by the purchaser 5.3 Process of manufacture 6.1 6.4.2 Material requirements 7.4 Dimensions, masses, tolerances, pipe ends and defects 8.2 8.4 8.6 8.9.2 8.11 8.13 Couplings 9.1 9.4 API SPECIFICATION 5CT 10 267 Inspection and testing 10.2 10.4 10.6.7 10.7 10.12.2 10.13 11 Marking 11.1.11 12 Coating and protection 12.1.1 14 Minimum facility requirements categories of manufacturer for various 14.1 14.2 Annex A Supplementary requirements A.9.1 Annex C Tables in SI units Table C.38 Table C.40 Table C.46 Annex D Figures in SI (USC) units Figure D.9 Annex E Tables in USC units Table E.41 Table E.43 Table E.46 L.15 Deletion of plain-end liners Scope 1.1 Terms and definitions Information to be supplied by the purchaser 5.2.1 Dimensions, masses, tolerances, pipe ends and defects 8.2 8.6 8.12.2 10 Inspection and testing 10.12.2 11 Marking 11.2.3 Annex C Tables in SI units Table C.2 Table C.29 Table C.30 Table C.31 Table C.44 Table C.48 Table C.61 268 SPECIFICATION FOR CASING AND TUBING Annex E Tables in USC units Table E.2 Table E.29 Table E.30 Table E.31 Table E.44 Table E.48 Table E.81 Annex F Marking instructions for API licensees F.4.2.3 Annex G Procedures used to convert from USC units to SI units G.4.1 L.16 Deletion of extreme-line casing Scope 1.1 Symbols and abbreviated terms 4.2 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 5.2.1 Material requirements 7.6.2 7.6.5 Dimensions, masses, tolerances, pipe ends and defects 8.11.5 8.12.2 10 Inspection and testing 10.12.1 10.13.6 11 Marking 11.5.1 Annex A Supplementary requirements Annex C Tables in SI units A.5.1 A.5.6 A.10.4 Table C.1 Table C.23 Table C.26 Table C.31 Table C.48 Table C.61 Annex D Figures Figure D.8 Annex E Tables in USC units Table E.1 Table E.24 Table E.26 Table E.31 Table E.34 Table E.48 Table E.81 Annex F Marking instructions for API licensees F.4.5.1 Annex G Procedures used to convert from USC units to SI units G.4.3 G.4.4 API SPECIFICATION 5CT 269 L.17 Elimination of grade types for Grades C90, T95 and Q125 Annex C Tables in SI units Table C.4 Table C.5 Table C.46 Table C.48 Table C.61 Annex D Figures Figure D.15 Figure D.22 Annex E Tables in USC units Table E.4 Table E.6 Table E.46 Table E.48 Table E.61 L.18 Changes to requirements for thread protector design validation 12 Coating and protection 12.2.1 12.2.2 Annex H Product Specification Levels Annex I Requirements validation for thread H.19 protector design I.1.1 I.1.5 I.4.2 I.4.4 I.5.3 I.10 Annex J Summary of Product Specification Level (PSL) requirements J.2.1.6 Bibliography [1] Failure Analysis and Prevention, ASM Metals Handbook, Volume 11, 9th edition, 1986 [2] HODGE, J.M and OREHOSKI, M.A., Relationship between hardenability and percentage martensite in some low alloy steels Trans AIME, 167, pp 627-642, 1946 [3] API Bull 5A2, Bulletin on Thread Compounds for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe, 6th edition, May 31, 1988 [4] API Spec 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing, 9th Edition [5] National Bureau of Standards, Handbook 91, U.S Department of Commerce, Experimental Statistics [6] API RP 5C1, Recommended Practice for Care and Use of Casing and Tubing [7] API RP 5B1, Recommended Practice for Gaging and Inspection of Casing, Tubing and Pipe Line Threads [8] API Spec Q1, Specification for Quality Programs [9] API Std 5T1, Standard on Imperfection Terminology 270 Product No G5CT09