8 tumor markers

TUMOR MARKER Ng HN Tuan, MD, PhD NON SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER Sharma et al Nature Reviews Cancer 7, 169–181 (March 2007) | doi:10.1038/nrc2088 OPTIMAL trial HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AFP A glycoprotein that is normally produced during gestation by the fetal liver and yolk sac AFP • Elevated serum AFP occurs with tumors of gonadal origin & in a variety of other malignancies • Elevated serum AFP may also be seen in patients with chronic liver disease without HCC such as acute or chronic viral hepatitis AFP – clinical values • A rise in serum AFP in a patient with cirrhosis or hepatitis B should raise concern that HCC has developed • Patients with cirrhosis and persistently elevated AFP values have an increased risk of developing HCC compared with those who have fluctuating or normal levels • It is generally accepted that serum levels greater than 500 ug/L (normal in most laboratories is between 10 and 20 ug/L) in a high-risk patient is diagnostic of HCC