Transmitter

Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 1 Level 1 Fundamental Training Fundamental Training Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 2 Topics: Slide No: • Types of Transmitter Outputs 3 - 4 • Analog Transmitter 5 - 7 • Smart Transmitter 8 - 22 • Fieldbus Transmitter 23 - 72 ❒ Similarity between FF & PA ❒ Difference between FF & PA ❒ Benefits of FF against PA • Exercise 73 - 75 Contents Contents FF = Foundation Fieldbus PA = Profibus Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 3 Standard current or voltage signal (ANALOG) Standard current or voltage & digital signals (SMART) Only high speed digital signals (FIELDBUS) Transducer Transducer Output Signal Input Signal Process Pressure Transmitter Transmitter Sensing element + Electrical Circuitry Analog/Smart/Fieldbus Electronics (To convert mechanical to useable electrical signal) (To translate useable electrical signal to standard electrical signal) Transmitter Overview Transmitter Overview Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 4 Types of Transmitter Outputs Types of Transmitter Outputs ❒ Analog Transmitters – Pure Analog Signal – 4-20 mA or 1-5V or 3-15 psi pneumatic signal ❒ Smart Transmitters – Digital communication (diagnostic signal) superimposed on analog signal (4-20 mA or 1-5V) ❒ Profibus Transmitters – High Speed Digital signal only ❒ Foundation Fieldbus Transmitters – High Speed Digital signal only – Control in the Field functionality Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 5 Analog Transmitter Overview Analog Transmitter Overview Zero Span Pressure Sensor Signal Conditioning Standard Output Signal Pressure Input Signal Transducer Capacitance / mV Signal Eg). Output = 4-20 mA current signal only • Analog transmitter is made up of two basic component: » Sensor Module » Analog Electronics • Signal from sensor module is amplified & translated into standard current or voltage signal by the electronics Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 6 How Analog Transmitters Works ? How Analog Transmitters Works ? 4-20 mA Current Only Amplified Signal Transducer Transducer Output Electronics Output Electronics Loop wire Loop wire pair pair (Power (Power Cable) Cable) Cable Link Cable Link uF PV set 4 mA value set 20 mA value ❏ Sensor registers process variable. Zero Pot Output Span Pot Sensor Block Signal Conditioning Sensor Circuit Board ❏ Sensor board outputs a corresponding electrical signal to output electronics. ❏ Signal conditioned & translated to a standard current signal ❏ Zero & Span Pots are used to set operating range. Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 7 4-20 mA Current Loop 4-20 mA Current Loop The voltage or current in the wire pair represents one process variable. 4 to 20 mA 4 to 20 mA 250 Ω 250 Ω 1 - 5 V To DCS, Recorders 1 - 5 V To Control Room Device 4 - 20 mA Analog Transmitter Field Indicator Power Supply Current Loop Control Loop Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 8 Smart Transmitter Smart Transmitter Eg). Output = 4-20 mA current & Digital HART Signal Module Temperature Sensor A/D D/A Communications µ Pressure Sensor EEPROM Standard Output Signal Pressure Input Signal Transducer Capacitance / mV Signal Resistance Data • Smart transmitter is an intelligent device made up of modems, microprocessor and memory which allow : » Remote Communication » Diagnostics self-test functions Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 9 Communication 4-20 mA & digital communication signal Digital; PV + Term. Temp Values Digital; corrected PV Value mV/uF How Smart Transmitter Works ? How Smart Transmitter Works ? Sensor Module Sensor Module Smart Electronics Smart Electronics STORES: • Correction Coefficient • Module Information Measures ambient/Terminal temp. STORES: • Sensor Performance Curve • Range Values • Transmitter Configuration PV Cable Cable Link Link Electronics + Memory Temperature Sensor Memory A/D µ D/A Sensor Block Bell 202 Physical Layer Loop wire Loop wire pair pair (Power (Power Cable) Cable) Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 1 0 Analog vs Smart Transmitter Analog vs Smart Transmitter Smart Smart Transmitter Transmitter Analog Analog Transmitter Transmitter • Analog output follow sensor output instantaneously. • Analog output will be a continuous curve. • Magnitude of sensor output is sampled multiple times per second to give discrete values. • Analog output will undergo small step change with respect to sensor output. A/D Conversion D/A Conversion 4–20 mA Output Pressure Input 4–20 mA Output Sampling Real Time vs Sampling Real Time vs Sampling [...]... Module Memory Working memory Holds the connected transmitter s configuration RMT Training - 05 /98 Stores configurations for future use & DDs SMART Transmitter Memory 275 Memory 1 5 Configuration data stored in the electronics Data Pack Optional, holds transmitter configurations for future use Level 1 - Transmitter Multidropping is possible with Digital Transmitters 1 6 Maximum 15 HART devices can be... Training - 05 /98 Level 1 - Transmitter Benefits of Smart Transmitter Against Analog Transmitter The digital format of the smart transmitter makes the following characteristics possible: 2 2 • Higher accuracy • More Features • Wider Rangeability • Simplified Maintenance • Easier Commissioning • Multiple Sensor Readout • Better Electronic Stability RMT Training - 05 /98 Level 1 - Transmitter FF PA 2 3 Fieldbus... signal Level 1 - Transmitter Remote Communication with HART protocol 1 4 Control System 150Ω 100Ω Fuse Box Chart Recorder Power Supply Marshaling Panel HART Junction Box communicator can be connected to any points in the loop having at least 250 Ω  RMT Training - 05 /98 Where to establish communication with the Smart Transmitter? Level 1 - Transmitter HART Communicator for Smart Transmitter Communicator... 15 te Poll Poll 2 15 Address Address RMT Training - 05 /98 Level 1 - Transmitter Asset Management Solution for Smart Devices • Asset Managment’s on-line communications and diagnostics provides Maintenance & Engineering the tools to efficiently Manage Plant Assets! RMT Training - 05 /98 1 7 Level 1 - Transmitter AMS On-Line with Smart Transmitters 1 8 AMS’s On-Line DC Power 4-20 mA Loop DC Power METER... Devices RS232 Level 1 - Transmitter AMS Wiring Configuration 1 9 Wiring configuration To Multiplexer (Each MUX can tap 32 devices) To DCS I/O cards Two set of ELCO cable connect to ELCO boards ELCO board (Each board can tap devices) RS485/232 converter Incoming cable from field devices MUX Marshalling Panel AMS Workstation RMT Training - 05 /98 ELCO Cable Level 1 - Transmitter Smart Transmitter performs... RMT Training - 05 /98 Level 1 - Transmitter 4-20 mA Current Loop 1 The voltage or current in the wire pair represents one 2 Modulating Current process variable Field Indicator Current Loop Power Supply Communication Signal Smart Transmitter 4 to 20 mA 250 Ω 250 Ω 1-5V 1-5V To DCS, Recorders 4 - 20 mA Control Loop To Control Room Device RMT Training - 05 /98 Level 1 - Transmitter HART Communications... Hardware Failure Alarm •HIGH or LOW ⇒ User selectable by a jumper switch on the electronics • During failure ⇒ Output current fixed at either HIGH or LOW value RMT Training - 05 /98 Level 1 - Transmitter Advantages of Smart Transmitter 2 1 • Process Variable Reading 0 Can read the Process Variable when the 4–20 mA points are exceeded 200 140 80 PV = 40 psi AO = 3.9 mA 4 mA 20 mA PV = 160 psi AO = 20.8 mA •... Control System T SB 1 2 Hazardous Area k T RMT Training - 05 /98 Level 1 - Transmitter FF PA 2 4 Fieldbus Network Standard • IEC 1158-2 Standard Operator Interface Junction Boxes Power Supply 9~32 V Couplers H1 Segment 1 Terminator Terminator Power Filter Local Operator Interface RMT Training - 05 /98 Configurator Power Filter Level 1 - Transmitter Fieldbus Supports Multiple Topology • Topology describes... cabling Power & Signal Intrinsic Safe Field Devices RMT Training - 05 /98 Level 1 - Transmitter FF PA 2 7 FoundationTM Fieldbus Topology Speed 100 Mbits/s High Speed Ethernet Highway 2 Highway 1 to 2 Bridge Speed 31.25 Kbits/s Highway 1 Control Valves RMT Training - 05 /98 On/Off Actuators Tx’s Motor Starters Temp Tx Level 1 - Transmitter Profibus Communication Protocol and Physical Layer Family  Profibus... Intrinsic Safe Field Devices RMT Training - 05 /98 Level 1 - Transmitter FF PA 2 9 Profibus Topology Up to 12Mbits/s @ 100 metres FMS PLC DP Up to 1.2Mbits/sec @ 200 metres 31.25 or 62 Kbits/s DP Power Supply DP to PA Converter On/Off Actuators PA Motor Starters Single point of Failure RMT Training - 05 /98 31.25 Kbits/s Control Valves Tx’s Level 1 - Transmitter FF PA 3 0 What is Fieldbus? • Fieldbus is a . Cable) Cable) Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 1 0 Analog vs Smart Transmitter Analog vs Smart Transmitter Smart Smart Transmitter Transmitter Analog Analog Transmitter Transmitter • Analog. electrical signal) Transmitter Overview Transmitter Overview Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 4 Types of Transmitter Outputs Types of Transmitter Outputs ❒ Analog Transmitters – Pure. communication with the Smart Transmitter? 150Ω 100Ω Level 1 - TransmitterRMT Training - 05 /98 1 5 HART Communicator for Smart Transmitter HART Communicator for Smart Transmitter SMART Transmitter Memory Module Memory Data Pack 275 Memory Stores