Refrigerant material is one of the very important thermoelectric materials. Thanks to coldresistant materials, we can easily create equipment, machine details and items that can be used when affected at very low temperatures. In the era of industrialization and modernization today, in Vietnam, domestic enterprises and foreign enterprises investing in Vietnam have been developing, industries such as cold industry, metallurgy, chemistry…. has had strong development steps. Cold resistant material is one of the indispensable materials in the industry
HCMC UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATION FACULTY FOR HIGH QUALITY TRAINING REPORT PROJECT SUBJECT: THERMAL MATERIALS TOPIC: COLD RESISTANT METAL MATERIAL LECTURER: Student name (Group 4): HO CHI MINH, OCTOBER, 2020 PhD Dang Hung Son Thermal Materials TABLE OF ASSIGNED WORK No LIST NAMES STUDENT WORKING PROCESS S ID Preparing word file, powerpoint , research and presentation chapter and chapter Page | Preparing word file, powerpoint , research and presentation chapter Research and presentation chapter and chapter Group PhD Dang Hung Son Thermal Materials LECTURER FEEDBACK ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………… SIGNATURE Page | Group PhD Dang Hung Son Thermal Materials CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reason to choose the topic 1.2 Target 1.3 Object of study 1.4 Evaluation method CHAPTER 2: CONCEPT AND GENERAL PROPERTIES OF COLD RESISTANT METAL MATERIALS 2.1 Cold resistant metal material concept 2.2 General properties of cold-resistant metal materials 2.2.1 Flexibility, impact 2.2.2 Permitted Application Temperatures: 2.2.3 Elongation of metal .11 2.2.4 Thermal conductivity 12 2.2.5 Specific heat 13 2.2.6 Conductivity 14 CHAPTER 3: CLASIFLICATION OF COLD RESISTANT METAL MATERIALS 16 3.1 Classify base on the common used .16 3.1.1 Carbon steel 16 3.1.2 Stainless steel 17 3.1.3 Aluminium 18 3.1.4 Duralumin .19 3.1.5 Silumin 19 3.1.6 Copper 19 3.2 Classify base on temperature 20 3.2.1 Materials suitable down to -45 °C .21 3.2.2 Materials suitable down to -75 °C .22 3.2.3 Materials suitable down to -100 °C .22 3.2.4 Materials suitable down to -196 °C .23 3.2.5 Materials suitable below -196 °C 24 3.2.6 To sum thing up 25 CHAPTER 4: APPLICATION OF COLD RESISTANT METAL MATERIAL 26 Page | Group PhD Dang Hung Son Thermal Materials 4.1 In the heat and cold technology industry 26 4.2 In other industries .26 CHAPTER 5: THE REAL SYSTEM OF THERMAL METAL MATERIALS 27 REFERENCES 28 Page | Group PhD Dang Hung Son Thermal Materials CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Reason to choose the topic Refrigerant material is one of the very important thermoelectric materials Thanks to cold-resistant materials, we can easily create equipment, machine details and items that can be used when affected at very low temperatures In the era of industrialization and modernization today, in Vietnam, domestic enterprises and foreign enterprises investing in Vietnam have been developing, industries such as cold industry, metallurgy, chemistry… has had strong development steps Cold resistant material is one of the indispensable materials in the industry 1.2 Target Get a better understanding of the structure and properties of cold resistant metals As well as learn about the application of cold-resistant metals in the thermal engineering industry in particular, in life and production in general 1.3 Object of study Subjects of study include cold-resistant materials common in life and typical applications Research scope: actual systems and constructions at home and abroad 1.4 Evaluation method Synthesize literature, research from various sources related to cold materials and application of cold resistant materials Page | Group PhD Dang Hung Son Thermal Materials CHAPTER 2: CONCEPT AND GENERAL PROPERTIES OF COLD RESISTANT METAL MATERIALS 2.1 Cold resistant metal material concept Cold-resistant materials are materials that retain enough toughness at low temperatures from ÷ -269C (273 ÷ 4K) 2.2 General properties of cold-resistant metal materials The mechanical properties of materials are always more or less dependent on the temperature When materials are used at temperatures of -40 ° C or below, special attention should be paid to the change in mechanical properties, especially the mechanical properties 2.2.1 Flexibility, impact Black and non-ferrous metals have the following general mechanical properties changes: when the temperature decreases, the tensile strength and tensile strength increase so that they not cause obstacles and need not be noted When the temperature decreases, the elongation and the impact plasticity decrease rapidly.When using materials at low temperatures it is necessary to choose suitable materials with impact ductility at operating temperatures not less than 30 Nm/cm2 (figure 1-2) Page | Group PhD Dang Hung Son Thermal Materials Figure 2-1 Dependence of impact ductility and low temperature [3] a) General variable lines of categories; b) Impact resistance of some steels Materials can be classified into three groups: - Group one (curve 1) has high impact ductility, less dependent on temperature When the temperature decreases the impact ductility can decrease, stay the same even slightly increase - Group two (curve 2) has the most special properties, including three phases: + Stage one (part of curve 2) is plastic deformation, impact strength decreases slightly when temperature decreases + Phase two (part b) is the changing phase, the impact strength decreases rapidly and dramatically + Stage (part c) is brittle deformation, impact resistance is still very small - Group three (curve 3) has properties similar to group one but has low impact ductility from the outset Figure 2-1a shows the general variation curve of impact plasticity of these three groups Figure 2-1b shows the variation in impact ductility depending on low temperature of some carbon steels and alloys Table 2-1: Introduction of impact ductility of some black metal steels [3] Impact plasticity (Nm / cm2) of metals at different temperatures (° C) STT Material 20°C -80°C -120°C *Black metal 100-200 Construction Nm/cm2 0,3-1,5 Nm/cm2 0,2-0,5 Nm/cm2 -196°C -253°C steel and carbon- Page | Group PhD Dang Hung Son Thermal Materials impregnated steel 130 Nm/cm2 110 Nm/cm2 70 Nm/cm2 170 Nm/cm2 100 Nm/cm2 80 Nm/cm2 200-250 Nm/cm2 - - 140-180 Nm/cm2 150-200 Nm/cm2 Brass 125 142 (CuZn37) Nm/cm2 Nm/cm2 Nickel-iron 192 190 copper alloy Nm/cm2 Nm/cm2 110 115 120 Nm/cm2 Nm/cm2 Nm/cm2 Aluminum (AI 40 52 99.5) Nm/cm2 Nm/cm2 10 Mangnesium aluminum alloy (AlMg) 100 110 Nm/cm2 Nm/cm2 11 Zinc 60 3.5 5% nickel steel 36% nickel steel Austenitic high-alloyed steel 40-80 Nm/cm2 150-200 Nm/cm2 140- 160 Nm/cm2 X8GniTi 18.10 Non-ferrous metal -Copper 160-205 Nm/cm2 - - 155 Nm/cm2 - 195 195 Nm/cm2 Nm/cm2 Platinum Copper (Alloy zinc nickel - copper) Page | - - - 60 Nm/cm2 100 Nm/cm2 - - - Group