CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1 PHÁT ÂM – PRONUNCIATION I Phiên âm Tiếng anh 1 Nguyên âm Vowels (u, e, o, a, i) a Nguyên âm ngắn Short vowels / ə/ ago, mother, together /i/ hit, bit, sit / ʌ / study, shut, must / ɒ / got[.]
CHUYÊN ĐỀ PHÁT ÂM – PRONUNCIATION I Phiên âm Tiếng anh Nguyên âm Vowels (u, e, o, a, i) a Nguyên âm ngắn - Short vowels - / ə/: ago, mother, together - / ʌ /: study, shut, must - /u/: put, should, foot – - / æ /: cat, chat, man b Nguyên âm dài - Long vowels - / iː/ meet, beat, heat - /a:/: father, star, car - /i/: hit, bit, sit - / ɒ /: got job, hospital -/e/: bed, send, tent, spend -/u:/: school, food, moon - / ɔː/: sport, more, store -/ ɜː /: bird, shirt, early c Nguyên âm đôi- Diphthongs - /ai/: buy, skỵ, hi, shy - / ɔɪ /: boy, enjoy, toy - - /ei/: day, baby, stay - /au/: now, sound, cow - / eə /: air, care, share - /ou /: no, go, so - / ʊə /: poor, sure, tour - / ɪə /: near, tear, cheer Phụ âm - Consonants - /b/: bag, baby - /d/: dog, daddy, dead - /m/: mother, map, come - /p/: pupil, pay, stop - /k/: kiss, key - /j/: yes, yellow - /n/: many, none, news - /l/: love, lucky, travel - /r/: river, restaurant - /t/: tea, teach - /g /: get, game, go - /f/: fall, laugh, fiction - /s/: see, summer - /z/: zoo, visit - /h/: hat, honey - / dʒ /: village, jam, generous - / θ /: thin, thick, something, birth - / ð /: mother, with, this - /v/: visit, van - /w/: wet, why - / tʃ /: children, chicken, watch - / ʃ /: she, sugar - / ʒn /: vision - / ŋ /: thank, sing II Cách làm tập chọn từ có phần gạch chân phát âm khác so với từ lại - Chọn đọc từ có phương án A, B, C, D Tuy nhiên không cần đọc từ phương án A đến D mà nên chọn đọc từ cách phát âm - Sau từ phát âm, cẩn thận ghi xuống âm phần gạch chân từ - Chọn phương án có phần gạch đưực phát âm khác so với từ cịn lại Ví dụ: A land / lænd / B sandy /ˈsændi / C many / ˈmeni / D candy / ˈkændi / Ta thấy phần gạch chân phương án A, B, D phát âm /ỉ/, đáp án C có phần gạch chân phát âm /e/ Do đó, đáp án C Bài tập áp dụng Chọn từ có phần gạch chân phát âm khác so với từ lại Trang Exercise 1: A head B please C heavy D measure A note B gloves C some D other A now B how C blow D amount A dear B year C wear D disappear A hate B pan C carrot D matter A improved B returned C arrived D stopped A nervous B scout C household D mouse A favorite B find C outside D library A last B.taste C.fast D task 10 A future B summer C number D drummer 11 A time B kind C bid D nice 12 A hard B carry C card D yard 13 A my B baby C spy D cry 14 A well B get C send D pretty 15 A weather B ready C mean D head 16 A break B mean C please D meat 17 A lucky B punish C pull D hungry 18 A planet B character C happy D classmate 19 A letter B twelve C person D sentence 20 A humor B music C cucumber D sun A enough B young C country D mountain A lamp B pan C match D table A about B outside C cousin D countless A bread B steamer C bead D meat A cover B folder C here D answer D bead D danger Exercise 2: A steamer A favorite B reach B name C breakfast C happy A end B help C set D before A photo B hold C fork D slow 10 A train B wait C afraid D chair 11 A habit B paper C table D grade 12 A meaning B heart C please D speak 13 A light B kind C intelligent D underline 14 A come B more C money D somebody 15 A comb B climb C bomb D baby 16 A nation B national C nationality 17 A bank B paper C explain D international D same 18 A fun B sun C supermarket D lunch Trang 19 A different B literature C tidy D finger 20 A cat B fat C father D apple A easy B meaning C bread D heat A family B try C happy D lovely A smile B life C beautiful D like A small B tall C favorite D fall A black B apple C gram D fall A dozen B bottle C soccer D orange A round B shoulder C mouth D household A money B ton C month D shop A chest B lemonade C packet D tent 10 A champagne B chaos C scheme D chemist 11 A islander B alive C vacancy D habitat 12 A stone B top C pocket D modern 13 A volunteer B trust C fuss D judge 14 A gossip B gentle C gamble D garage 15 A daunt B astronaut C vaulting D aunt 16 A clear B treasure C spread D dread 17 A about B shout C wounded D count 18 A none B dozen C youngster D home 19 A crucial B partial C material D financial 20 A major B native C sailor D applicant Exercise 3: Trang Đáp Án Exercise B please C heavy D measure / pliːz / /'hevi/ /ˈmeʒə (r)/ B gloves C some D other / ɡlʌvz / / sʌm / /ˈʌðə(r)/ B how C blow D amount /haʊ/ / bləʊ / / əˈmaʊnt / B year C wear / ˈjiə (r)/ / weə (r)/ D disappear / ˌdɪsəˈpɪə (r)/ A hate B pan C carrot D matter / heɪt / / pæn / / ˈkærət / / ˈmætə(r)/ B returned C arrived D stopped / rɪˈtɜːnd / / əˈraɪvd / / stɒpt / A nervous B scout C household D mouse / ˈnɜːvəs / / skaʊt / / ˈhaʊshəʊld / / maʊs / B find C outside D library / faɪnd / / ˌaʊtˈsaɪd / / ˈlaɪbrəri B.taste C.fast D task / teɪst / / fɑːst / / tɑːsk / B summer C number / ˈsʌmə (r)/ / ˈnʌmbə (r)/ D drummer / ˈdrʌmə (r)/ B kind C bid D nice / kaɪnd / / bɪd / / naɪs / B carry C card D yard 1: A head /hed/ → Đáp án: B A note / nəʊt / → Đáp án: A A now /naʊ / → Đáp án: C A dear / dɪə (r)/ → Đáp án: C → Đáp án: A A improved / ɪmˈpruːvd / → Đáp án: D → Đáp án: A A favorite / ˈfeɪvərət / → Đáp án: A A last / lɑːst / → Đáp án: B 10 A future / ˈfjuːtʃə (r)/ → Đáp án: A 11 A time / ˈtaɪm / → Đáp án: C 12 A hard Trang / hɑːd / / ˈkæri / / kɑːd / / jɑːd → Đáp án: B Trang 13 A my / maɪ / → Đáp án: B 14 A well / wel / B baby C spy D cry / ˈbeɪbi / /ˈspaɪ / / kraɪ / B get C send D pretty /get/ /send/ / ˈprɪti / B ready C mean D head /'redi/ /mi:n/ /hed/ B mean C please D meat /mi:n/ /pli;z/ /mi:t/ B punish C pull D hungry / ˈpʌnɪʃ / /pul/ / ˈhʌŋɡri / B character C happy / ˈkærəktə(r)/ / ˈhæpi / B twelve C person / twelv / / ˈpɜːsn̩ / D classmate / ˈklɑːsmeɪt / D sentence / ˈsentəns / B music C cucumber D sun / ˈmjuːzɪk / / ˈkjuːkʌmbə (r)/ / sʌn / B young C country / jʌŋ / / ˈkʌntri / D mountain / ˈmaʊntɪn / B pan C match D table / pæn / / mætʃ / / ˈteɪbl̩ / B outside C cousin / ˌaʊtˈsaɪd / / ˈkʌzn̩ / D countless / ˈkaʊntləs / → Đáp án: D 15 A weather / ˈweðə (r)/ → Đáp án: C 16 A break / breɪk / → Đáp án: A 17 A lucky / ˈlʌki / → Đáp án: C 18 A planet / ˈplænɪt / → Đáp án: D 19 A letter / ˈletə (r)/ → Đáp án: C 20 A humor / ˈhjuːmə (r)/ → Đáp án: D Exercise 2: A enough / ɪˈnʌf / → Đáp án: D A lamp / læmp / → Đáp án: D A about / əˈbaʊt / → Đáp án: C Trang A bread / bred / B steamer C bead D meat / ˈstiːmə(r) / / biːd / / miːt / → Đáp án: A Trang A cover B folder C here D answer / fəʊldə(r) / / hɪə(r)/ / ˈɑːnsə(r)/ B reach C breakfast D bead / riːtʃ / / ˈbrekfəst / / biːd / B name C happy D danger / ˈneɪm / / ˈhæpi / / ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ B help C set D before / help / / set / / bɪˈfɔː(r)/ B hold C fork D slow / həʊld / / fɔːk / / sləʊ / 10 A train B wait C afraid D chair / treɪn / / weɪt / / əˈfreɪd / / tʃeə(r)/ B paper C table D grade / ˈpeɪpə(r)/ / ˈteɪbəl / / ɡreɪd / B heart C please D speak / hɑːt / / pliːz / / spiːk / B kind C intelligent D underline / kaɪnd / / ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt / / ˌʌndəˈlaɪn / B more C money D somebody / mɔː(r) / / ˈmʌni / / ˈsʌmbədi / 15 A comb B climb C bomb D baby / kəʊm / / klaɪm / / ˈbɒm / / ˈbeɪbi / D international / ˌɪntə ˈnæʃənəl / / ˈkʌvə(r)/ → Đáp án: C A steamer / ˈstiːmə (r)/ → Đáp án: C A favorite / ˈfeɪvərət / → Đáp án: C A end / end / → Đáp án: D A photo / ˈfəʊtəʊ / → Đáp án: C → Đáp án: D 11 A habit / ˈhæbɪt / → Đáp án: A 12.A meaning / ˈmiːnɪŋ / → Đáp án: B 13 A light / laɪt / → Đáp án: C 14 A come / ˈkʌm / → Đáp án: B → Đáp án: D (âm /b/ bị nuốt sau âm /m/) 16 A nation B national C nationality / ˈneɪʃən / / ˈnæʃnəl / / ˌnæʃəˈnælɪti / B paper C explain → Đáp án: A 17 A bank D same Trang / bæŋk / / ˈpeɪpə(r) / / ɪksˈpleɪn / / seɪm / Trang → Đáp án: A 18 A fun B sun C supermarket D lunch / sʌn / / ˈsuːpəmɑːkɪt / / ˈlʌntʃ / B literature C tidy D finger / ˈlɪtrətʃə(r) / / ˈtaɪdi / / ˈfɪŋɡə(r) / 20 A cat B fat C father D apple / kæt / / fæt / / ˈfɑːðə(r) / / ˈæpəl / B meaning C bread D heat / ˈmiːnɪŋ / / bred / / hiːt / B try C happy D lovely / ˈtraɪ / / ˈhæpi / / ˈlʌvli / B life C beautiful D like / laɪf / / ˈbjuːtəfəl / / ˈlaɪk / B tall C favorite D fall / tɔːl / / ˈfeɪvərət / / fɔːl / A black B apple C gram D fall / blæk / / ˈæpəl / / ɡræm / / fɔːl / B bottle C soccer D orange / ˈbɒtəl / / ˈsɒkə(r) / / ˈɒrɪndʒ / B shoulder C mouth / ˈʃəʊldə(r) / / maʊθ / A money B ton C month D household / ˈhaʊshəʊld / D shop / ˈmʌni / / tʌn / / mʌnθ / / ʃɒp / B lemonade C packet D tent / fʌn / → Đáp án: C 19 A different / ˈdɪfrənt / → Đáp án: C → Đáp án: C Exercise 3: A easy / ˈiːzi / → Đáp án: C A family / ˈfæməli / → Đáp án: B A smile / smaɪl / → Đáp án: C A small / smɔːl / → Đáp án: C → Đáp án: D A dozen / ˈdʌzən / → Đáp án: A A round / ˈraʊnd / → Đáp án: B → Đáp án: D A chest Trang 10 + /iz/: trước -s là: ch, sh, ss, x, ge + /z/: âm tận trước ngun âm phụ âm cịn lại Ví dụ: A listens / ˈlɪsnz / B reviews / rɪˈvjuːz / C protects / prəˈtekts / D enjoys / ɪnˈdʒɔɪz / Phần gạch chân câu C phát âm /s/ lại phát âm /z/ → Đáp án C Bài tập áp dụng Chọn từ có phần gạch chân phát âm khác so với từ lại Exercise 1: A proofs B books C points D days A asks B breathes C breaths D hopes A sees B sports C pools D trains A tombs B lamps C brakes D invites A books B floors C combs D drums A cats B tapes C rides D cooks A walks B begins C helps D cuts A shoots B grounds C concentrates D forests A helps B laughs C cooks D finds 10 A hours B fathers C dreams D thinks A beds B doors C plays D students A arms B suits C chairs D boards A boxes B classes C potatoes D finishes A relieves B invents C buys D deals A dreams B heals C kills D tasks A resources B stages C preserves D.focuses A carriages B whistles C assures D costumes A offers B.mounts C pollens D swords A miles B words C accidents D names 10 A sports B households C minds D plays 11 A pools B trucks C umbrellas D workers 12 A programs B individuals C subjects 13 A houses B horses C matches D celebrations D wives 14 A barracks B series C means 15 A crossroads B species C works Exercise 2: D headquarters D mosquitoes Trang 14 Đáp án Exercise 1: B books C points D days A proofs / pruːfs / / bʊks / / pɔɪnts / / ˈdeɪz / B breathes C breaths D hopes / briːðz / / breθs / / həʊps / B sports C pools D trains / spɔːts / / puːlz / / treɪnz / A tombs B lamps C brakes D invites / tuːmz / / læmps / / breɪks / / ɪnˈvaɪts / B floors C combs D drums / flɔː(r)z / / kəʊmz / / drʌmz / B tapes C rides D cooks / teɪps / / raɪdz / / kʊks / B begins C helps D cuts / bɪˈɡɪnz / / helps / / kʌts / B grounds C concentrates D forests / ɡraʊndz / / ˈkɒnsəntreɪts / / ˈfɒrɪsts / B laughs C cooks D finds / lɑːfs / / kʊks / / faɪndz / B fathers C dreams D thinks / ˈfɑːðə(r)z / / driːmz / / ˈθɪŋks / B doors C plays / dɔː(r)z / / ˈpleɪz / D students / → Đáp án: D A asks / ˈɑːsks / → Đáp án: B A sees / ˈsiːz / → Đáp án: B → Đáp án: A A books / bʊks / → Đáp án: A A cats / kæts / → Đáp án: C A walks / wɔːks / → Đáp án: B A shoots / ʃuːts / → Đáp án: B A helps / helps / → Đáp án: D 10 A hours / ˈaʊə(r)z / → Đáp án: D Exercise 2: A beds / ˈbedz / Trang 15 → Đáp án: D A arms B suits C chairs ˈstjuːdnts / D boards Trang 16 / ɑːmz / → Đáp án: B / suːts / / tʃeə(r)z / / bɔːdz / B classes C potatoes D finishes / ˈklɑːsɪz / / pəˈteɪtəʊz / / ˈfɪnɪʃɪz / A relieves B invents C buys D deals / rɪˈliːvz / / ɪnˈvents / / baɪz / / diːlz / B heals C kills D tasks / hiːlz / / kɪlz / / tɑːsks / B stages C preserves D.focuses / ˈsteɪdʒɪz / / prɪˈzɜːvz / / ˈfəʊkəsɪz / B whistles C assures D costumes / ˈwɪsl̩z / / əˈʃɔː(r)z / / ˈkɒstjuːmz / B.mounts C pollens_ D swords / maʊnts / / ˈpɒlənz / / sɔːdz / B words C accidents D names / ˈwɜːdz / / ˈæksɪdənts / / ˈneɪmz / B households C minds D plays / ˈhaʊshəʊldz / / maɪndz / / ˈpleɪz / B trucks C umbrellas D workers / trʌks / / ʌmˈbreləz / / ˈwɜːkə(r)z / B individuals C subjects / ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒʊəlz / / səbˈdʒekts / D celebrations / ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn̩z / 13 A houses B horses C matches D wives / ˈhaʊzɪz / / ˈhɔːsɪz / / ˈmætʃɪz / / waɪvz / B series C means D headquarters A boxes / ˈbɒksɪz / → Đáp án: C → Đáp án: B A dreams / driːmz / → Đáp án: D A resources / rɪˈzɔːsɪz / → Đáp án: C A carriages / ˈkærɪdʒɪz / → Đáp án: A A offers / ˈɒfə(r)z / → Đáp án: B A miles / maɪlz / → Đáp án: C 10 A sports / spɔːts / → Đáp án: A 11 A pools / puːlz / → Đáp án: B 12 A programs / ˈprəʊɡræmz / → Đáp án: C → Đáp án: D 14 A barracks^ Trang 17 / ˈbærəks / → Đáp án: A / ˈsɪəriːz / / miːnz / / hedˈkwɔːtəz / Trang 18 15 A crossroads / ˈkrɒsrəʊdz / B species C works / ˈspiːʃiːz / / ˈwɜːks / D mosquitoes / mə ˈskiːtəʊz / → Đáp án: C IV Cách phát âm đuôi ed “- ed" phát âm là: + /t/: âm tận trước -ed /s/,/tf/, /f/, /k/, /p/, /f/ phát âm /t/ + /id/: trước -ed /t/ /d/ + /d/: âm tận trước -ed ngun âm phụ âm cịn lại Ví dụ: A toured /turd/ B jumped / dʒʌmpt / C solved / sɒlvd / D rained / reɪnd / Câu B "-ed" phát ấm /t/, đáp án lại -ed phát âm /d/ → Đáp án B Bài tập áp dụng Chọn từ có phần gạch chân phát âm khác so với từ lại Exercise 1: A worked B stopped C forced D wanted A kissed B helped C forced D raised A confused B faced C cried D defined A devoted B suggested C provided D wished A catched B crashed C occupied D coughed A agreed B missed C liked D watched A measured B pleased C distinguished D managed A wounded B routed C wasted D risked A imprisoned B pointed C shouted 10 A failed B.reached C absored D surrounded D solved A invited B attended C celebrated A removed B washed C hoped D displayed D missed A looked B laughed C moved D stepped A wanted B parked C stopped D watched Exercise 2: Trang 19 A laughed B passed C suggested D placed A believed B prepared C involved D liked A lifted B lasted C happened D decided Trang 20