Phát triển nông nghiệp bền vững ở các huyện ngoại thành hà nội

JJ BO GIAO DUC VA DAO TAO TRirdNG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN *** 4/ HOC ■ ’ ’l' THONG TIN ,.i PHONG LUAN AN VLIjfo Vo Thi Hong Hanh PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN Vl/NG ■ CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH HA NOI ■ ■ ■ Chuyen nganh: Kinh te chinh tri LUAN van thac ST kinh t£ W 3035 NGUbl HUdNG DAN KHOA HOC PGS TS DANG VAN THANG HA NOI 2011 * Ldl CAM ON Xin bay to long biet on sau sac den PGS.TS Bang Van Thang- Ngubi thay da tan tinh hu'bng dan toi mot thbi gian dai, dac biet la khoang thbi gian lam luan van Xin gni lbi cam on chan toi Ban Giam hieu, cac thay co giao Khoa Ly luan chfnh tri, Vien Dao tao sau dai hoc, cac phong ban cua Trubng Bai hoc Kinh te quoc dan, cac So, ban nganh cua Thanh Ha Noi va cac dong nghiep, ban be va gia dinh- nhung ngubi da quan tam, dong vien, tao moi dieu kien thuan loi giup toi hoan luan van Ha Noi, thang nam 2011 Tac gia luan van Vo Thi Hong Hanh MUC LUC • • Trang DANH MUC BANG BIEU MO DAU CHUONG 1: CO SO LY LUAN VA KINH NGHIEM THUC TIEN VE PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN VUNG 1.1 MOT SO KHAI NIEM VE PHAT TRIEN KINH TE KINH TE BEN VUNG, PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN VUNG: 1.1.1 Cac quan diem ve phat trien ben vung va phat trien kinh te ben vung 1.1.2 Khai niem ve phat trien nong nghiep ben vung va nhung dac trung cua phat trien nong nghiep ben vung 1.2 NOI DUNG, CAC NHAN TO ANH HUONG T(jI PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN VUNG VA SU” CAN THIET PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN VUNG CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH 15 1.2.1 Noi dung phat trien nong nghiep ben virng 15 1.2.2 Cac nhan to anh hudng toi phat trien nong nghiep ben vung 24 1.2.3 Su can thiet phat trien nong nghiep ben vung d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi28 1.3 KINH NGHIEM THUC TIEN PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN VUNG 32 1.3.1 Kinh nghiem mot so quoc gia phat trien nong nghiep ben vung 32 1.3.2 Kinh nghiem mot so dia phucmg d Viet Nam phat trien nong nghiep 38 1.3.3 Bai hoc kinh nghiem rut cho cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi ve phat trien nong nghiep ben vung: 42 CHUONG 2: THUC TRANG PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP • • • CAC HUYEN • NGOAI THANH HA NOI TE NAM 2006-2010 45 2.1 DIEU KIEN TU NHIEN - KINH TE - XA HOI TAC DONG DEN PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH HA NOI 45 2.1.1 Dieu kien tu nhien - kinh te - xa hoi cua Ha Noi va cac huyen ngoai 45 2.1.2 Tac dong cua cac dieu kien tu nhien, kinh te, xa hoi den viec phat trien nong nghiep ben vung d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi 48 2.2 THUC TRANG PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN VUNG CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH HA NOI TTJ' NAM 2006 - 2010 50 2.2.1 Xet ve hieu qua kinh te: 50 2.2.2 Su ben vung ve mat xa hoi 62 2.2.3 Su ben vung ve mat moi trudng 68 2.3 DANH GIA THlTC TRANG PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BBN VlU^G CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH HA NOI TU" NAM 2006- 2010 74 2.3.1 Nhung tun dat dirge phat trien nong nghiep ben vang ex cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi t£r nam 2006- 2010 74 2.3.2 Nhung han che phat trien nong nghiep ben vung ex cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi tir nam 2006-2010 78 2.3.3 Nguyen nhan cua nhung han che phat trien nong nghiep ex cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi 80 CHtfONG 3: PHtfONG HUONG VA CAC GIAI PHAP NHAM PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN VUNG CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH HA NOI TRONG NHUNG NAM TCH 83 3.1 PHUONG HUONG PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN VUNG CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH HA NOI TRONG NHUNG NAM TCH 83 ' 3.1.1 Du bao boi canh tuexng lai ve phat trien nong nghiep 83 3.1.2 Muc tieu phat trien nong nghiep ex cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi nhung nam tod: 84 3.1.3 Quan diem dinh huexng phat trien nong nghiep ben vung ex cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi nhtrng nam tod 87 3.2 CAC GIAI PHAP PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN VUNG CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH HA NOI TRONG NHUNG NAM TCH 95 3.2.1 Giai phap nham dam bao ben vung ve mat kinh te phat trien nong nghiep95 3.2.2 Giai phap nham dam bao ben vung ve mat xa hoi phat trien nong nghiep 103 3.2.3 Giai phap nham dam bao ben vung ve mat moi truong phat trien nong nghiep: 106 KET LU AN VA KIEN NGHI Ill TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 114 DANH MUC BANG BIEU STT BANG Bang 1.1 Muc tieu kinh te cua Dak Lak den nam 2020 39 Bang 2.1 Dien tich dat tn nhien cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi 46 Bang 2.2 Toc tang trudng GDP nganh nong lam nghiep 51 NOIDUNG TRANG thuy san Bang 2.3 So trang trai nam 2010 phan theo nganh hoat dong cua 53 cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi Bang 2.4 Dien tich cac loai cay 54 Bang 2.5 Gia tri san xuat nganh trot (theo gia thuc te) phan 55 theo nhom cay cua Ha Noi tu nam 2007-2010 Bang 2.6 Gia tri san xuat chan nuoi (theo gia thuc te) phan theo 55 nhom vat nuoi va san pham tu nam 2007-2010 Bang 2.7 Gia tri san xuat lam nghiep phan theo nganh hoat dong 56 Bang 2.8 San luong thuy san chu yeu 56 10 Bang 2.9 Thu nhap binh quan dau ngudi/thang chia theo nhom 67 thu nhap d Ha Noi trudc sat nhap va Ha Noi sau sat nhap DANH MUC SO DO - BIEU DO STT BIEU DO NOIDUNG TRANG So dd 1.1 Phat trien ben vung Bieu 2.1 Gia tri san xuat nong- lam nghiep- thuy san 51 Bieu 2.2 Gia tri san xuat nong lam thuy san d mot so 52 ldn nam 2010 Bieu 2.3 So lao dong co viec lam khu vuc nha nudc tren 63 dia ban Ha Noi d linh vuc nong lam nghiep- thuy san Bieu 2.4 Dien tich dat nong lam nghiep- thuy san 70 1- s AZ AZ A ' ■—1 TRUONG DAI HOC KINH TE QUOC DAN VO THI HONG HANH PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP BEN VUNG ■ CAC HUYEN NGOAI THANH HA NOI ■ ■ Chuyen nganh: Kinh te chinh tri TOM tAt LUAN VAN THAC SV HA NOI, 2011 ■ i Trong 10 nam thuc hien Chien luoc phat trien kinh te - xa hoi 2001 - 2010, chung ta da tranh thu thoi co, thuan loi, vuot qua nhieu kho khan, thach thuc, nhat la nhung tac dong tieu cue cua hai cuoc khung hoang tai chinh- kinh te khu vuc va toan cau, dat dune nhung tuu to ldn va rat quan trong, dat nude da khdi tinh trang kern phat trien, budc vao nhom nude dang phat trien cd thu nhap trung binh Tuy nhien, nhung tuu dat duoc chua tuong xung vdi tiem nang Kinh te phat trien chua ben vung, chat luong tang trudng, nang suat, hieu qua, sue canh tranh cua nen kinh te thap, cac can ddi kinh te vT mo chua that vung chac Moi trudng d nhieu noi dang bi d nhiem nang Vi vay Du thao Chien luoc phat trien kinh te - xa hoi 2011 - 2020 da neu rd van de can phai phat trien ben vung Trong chien luoc phat trien kinh te - xa hoi, nong nghiep, nong thon luon la moi quan tarn thudng xuyen cua Dang va Nha nude ta, duqc the hien bang cac chu truong, chinh sach cu the d tung giai doan lich su khac nhau, ty thu nhap nong nghiep tong thu nhap kinh te cd khac nhau, nhung nong nghiep luon duoc xac dinh la cho dua vung chac de giai quyet cac van de cua toan xa hoi tang trudng nhanh thoi gian tdi tren dia ban thu Ha Noi Doi vdi Ha Noi, nong nghiep cd vi tri quan trong phat trien kinh te xa hoi cua thu do, dam bao an ninh luong thuc, on dinh ddi song tinh than va vat chat cho nhan dan Dong thoi, tao canh quan moi trudng xanh, sach, gop phan gin giu, - ' - r bao ton da dang sinh hoc, va phat trien ben vung San xuat nong nghiep Ha Noi cd loi the rat ldn la thi trudng tieu thu nong san thuc pham tai cho vdi nhu cau ddi hoi cang cao ca ve so luong lan chat luong lam cho ddi song nhan dan, dac biet la nong dan ngoai duoc cai thien va nang cao rd ret Nong nghiep ngoai nhung nam qua da dat duoc nhung tuu dang ke Nen nong nghiep nhieu phan da phat trien vdi nhieu hinh thuc da dang va phong phu Nhieu tien bo khoa hoc ky thuat va cong nghe moi duoc ap dung cd hieu qua, co cau nong nghiep tang trudng theo hudng tang ty cay trong, vat nuoi co gia tri kinh te va chat luong cao Co so tang ndng thon phat trien, giao thong thi thuan tien Ben canh do, nhin lai nhung nam vua qua, da co khong it lan ngudi dan ngoai chiu thiet thdi vi san pham nong nghiep lam gia thap, tieu thu cham, vi dich benh Mat khac, tuong lai, dan so cua Ha Noi se la hon 10 trieu ngudi, day la "thi trudng" ldn cho ndng nghiep ngoai Hien tai, nhieu mat hang ndng san cao cap ngoai chua san xuat duoc, phai nhap khau Hon nua, cac van de ve o nhiem moi trudng, thien tai, dich benh mot gia tang Trude tinh hinh do, doi hoi can phai phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi cang cap thiet Xuat phat tir yeu cau ly luan va thuc tien neu tren ma luan van nghien cuu de tai “Phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi” Doi tuong nghien cuu cua de tai la: phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi Pham vi nghien cuu: De tai chi tap trung nghien cuu van de phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung, d pham vi cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi, phan tich thuc trang khoang thdi gian tir nam 2006- 2010 Trong qua trinh nghien cuu, luan van su dung phuong phap vat bien chung va vat lich sir; dong thdi nghien cuu phan tich cac tai lieu nude va quoc te ve cac noi dung lien quan tdi de tai; va tong ket thuc tien; sir dung phuong phap thong ke, tong hop, phan tich, so sanh Luan van da co nhung dong gop co ban sau: Thu nhat: Luan van da lam rd ca sa ly luan va kinh nghiem thuc tien ve phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung ndng nghiep ben vung; dac trung cua phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung Ve nguyen tac, phat trien ben vung la qua trinh van hanh dong thdi ba binh dien phat trien: kinh te tang trudng ben vung, xa hoi thinh vuong, cong bang, on dinh, van hoa da dang va moi trudng duoc lanh, tai nguyen duoc tri ben vung, moi su phat trien deu xoay quanh to chinh la : Moi trudng ben vung- Kinh te ben vung- Xa hoi ben vung Ndng nghiep sinh thai thi la ndng nghiep phat trien tren vung thi hoac gan vung thi No phai thich ung vdi hoan canh sinh thai thi va phat huy cac loi the cua dieu kien vat chat- ky thuat thi de cang hoan thien cac chuc nang sinh thai ma no tham gia vao cac chu trinh can bang va chuc nang cung ung, nham thoa man nhu cau khong chi la nhung ndng san hang hoa sach, chat luong cao iii va da dang, ma cdn la cac san pham van hoa, tinh than va dap ung nhu cau nghi dudng cua thi dan Co the hieu “Nong nghiep ben vung la mot nen nong nghiep ve mat kinh te bao dam dupe hieu qua lau dai cho ca tuong lai; ve mat xa hoi khong lam gay gat su phan hoa giau ngheo, nham bao ho mot bo phan Ion nong dan, khong gay nhung te nan xa hoi nghiem trong; ve mat tai nguyen moi truong, khong lam can kiet tai nguyen, khong lam suy thoai va huy hoai moi truong” Nhu vay, nong nghiep ben vung dupe de cap mot each toan dien va tong hop den ca ba khia canh: kinh te, xa hoi va moi truong Nong nghiep ben vtrng ngoai vdi cac dac trung co ban sau: Thu nhat: Do la kha nang cua mot he thong nong nghiep san xuat du lupng luong thuc dap ung nhu cau luong thuc cua dan so thbi gian dai Nen nong nghiep khong chi thoa man dupe nhu cau ve nhung nong san thong dung, ma ca nhung nong san cao cap, va hon ntra cdn ca nhung san pham vo hinh nhu moi truong song cua moi truong Luan van da lam rd noi dung, cac nhan to anh hudng toi phat trien nong nghiep ben vtrng va sir can thiet phat trien nong nghiep ben vtrng Tren quan diem phat trien nong nghiep ben vung da dupe phan tich d tren; hoc vien tiep tuc phan tich noi dung cua phat trien nong nghiep ben vung d noi dung ldn: dam bao ben vtrng ve mat kinh te; dam bao ben vtrng ve mat xa hoi; va dam bao ben vtrng ve mat moi truong Cac nhan to anh hudng toi phat trien nong nghiep ben vtrng phai ke toi cac nhan to tu nhien (dat dai, hau, nguon nude, sinh vat); cac nhan to kinh te xa hoi (dan cu va nguon lao dong, cac quan he so htru ruong dat, tien bo khoa hoc ky thuat, thi truong); van de hoi nhap, phan cong lao dong hop tac quoc te Phat trien nong nghiep ben vung d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi la can thiet bdi Thu nhat la: Xuat phat diem nong nghiep ngoai Ha Noi cdn manh mun, nho le, phat trien chua tuong xtrng vdi tiem nang Thu hai la: Tac dong cua qua trinh thi hoa dan den nhung van de xa hoi: that nghiep, phan hoa giau ngheo Thu ba la: Qua trinh thi hoa nhanh khien nhieu dien tich dat nong nghiep bi thu hep va lam nhiem moi truong Ben canh do, vai tro cua Nong nghiep thi la IV khdng the phu nhan, gop phan giai quyet nhung van de neu tren Trude tinh hinh ddi hoi nen nong nghiep hien d ngoai phai ehuyen nhanh theo hudng phat trien nong nghiep ben vung tren eo sd ket hop nhieu nganh, dong gop tieh cue vao su phat trien kinh te xa hoi ehung eua Thu Luan van da tong ket kinh nghiem thue tien phat trien nong nghiep b£n vung: eo kinh nghiem mot so quoe gia tren the gidi va kinh nghiem mot sd dia phuong d Viet Nam phat trien nong nghiep ben vung; tu rut bai hoe kinh nghiem eho eae huyen ngoai Ha Noi ve phat trien nong nghiep ben vung Hoe vien da trinh bay kinh nghiem eua eae quoe gia tren the gidi nhu: Trung Quoe, Thai Lan, Singapore, Indonexia, Ha Lan va kinh nghiem eua mot sd dia phuong nhu Thanh Ho Chi Minh, Dae Lae phat trien nong nghiep ben vung; tu rut bai hoe kinh nghiem eho eae huyen ngoai Ha Noi phat trien nong nghiep ben vung Bai hoe rut eho viee phat trien nong nghiep ben vung d eae huyen ngoai Ha Noi la ean nhan thue dung vai trd eua phat trien nong nghiep ben vung; ean xay dung quy hoaeh tong the phat trien san xuat nong nghiep va eae quy hoaeh ehuyen nganh; ean dau tu thieh dang eho khu vue nong nghiep, nong thon; phat trien nong nghiep phai gan vdi bao ve tai nguyen moi truong; phat trien nen nong nghiep phai phu hop vdi quy luat eua thi truong Thu hai la: Luan van da phan tick, dank gia thuc trang phat trien ndng nghiep d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi giai doan nam 2006 - 2010 Tu rut nhung tuu, han che, va nguyen nhan cua nhung han che phat trien nong nghiep d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi Luan van da phan tieh eae dieu kien tu nhien kinh te xa hoi tae dong den phat trien nong nghiep d eae huyen ngoai Ha Noi va thue trang phat trien nong nghiep d eae huyyen ngoai Ha Noi tu nam 2006-2010 Ha Noi eo dieu kien tu nhien kha phong phu, eae dieu kien ve kinh te, xa hoi kha thuan loi de phat trien nong nghiep theo eae yeu eau eua sinh thai nhu: Dieu kien ve dat dai, ve he thong song ho dam eho phep xay dung hau het eae mo hinh sinh thai eua huyen ngoai thanh; Ha Noi eo trinh dan tri kha eao, eo eae eo sd nghien euu dap ung eae yeu eau ve phat trien nong nghiep sinh thai d trinh eao Viee phat trien ndng nghiep ngoai theo hudng nong nghiep sinh thai nhan duoe su quan tam eua Thanh uy va eae eap ehinh quyen ve nhan thue va ve trien khai thue hien 102 ly su dung dat dai cung nhu tao quyen chu dong cao hon doi vdi chinh quyen, cung nhu doi vdi doanh nghiep va nhan dan dia phuong tat ca nhung hoat dong kinh te- xa hoi ma luat phap khong ngan cam De nghi trung uong va quan ly chi dao cac nganh va cac doanh nghiep can cd su phoi hop chat che vdi dia phuong cung nhu sir ho tro tich cue hon de thuc hien dung vdi quy hoach phat trien da duoc xay dung va nhirng yeu cau noi dung cua phat trien ndng nghiep theo hudng ndng nghiep ben virng - Tang cudng nhung hd trp cua Nha nudc ve tin dung, tim kiem thi trudng phat trien ndng nghiep: Tang cudng cong tac tuyen truyen, ddi mdi nhan thuc nhan dan Hinh mot kenh truyen hinh va mot sd kenh truyen chuyen trach phuc vu phat trien ndng nghiep ndng thdn Cd chinh sach khuyen khich moi phan kinh te tham gia cung cap noi dung thdng tin phuc vu ndng nghiep, ndng dan, ndng thdn cho cac phuong tien truyen thdng dai chung Uu tien dau tu cho cong tac in an, xuat ban sach bao bien ky thuat, tuyen truyen van dong cu dan ndng thdn phat trien nep song van minh Hd tro cong dong va cac td chuc cua ndng dan xay dung cac he thdng truyen thdng, thdng tin cua minh Xay dung quy hd trp cho cac van nghe si tap trung sang tac, tuyen truyen, hd trp cac chuong trinh phat trien ndng nghiep ndng thdn Chu dong kip thoi xay dung cac ke hoach trung han, ke hoach hang nam cung nhu xay dung hoan chinh nhirng chuong trinh, du an cu the cd tinh kha thi cao ve phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung de va trung uong xet duyet Tu do, van de giai ngan von mdi dupe thuc hien, viec trien khai cac hoat dong ndng nghiep theo quy hoach phu hop vdi tien du kien Hoan thien he thdng tin dung tren dia ban dong thdi cd sir phoi hop vdi cac nganh chuyen mon cua va trung uong nham tao mdi trudng thdng thoang, hap dan ddi vdi ngudi gui tien va tao nguon von cho phat trien kinh doanh noi chung, cho phat trien ndng nghiep ngoai noi rieng Thuc hien phuong cham ket hop Nha nudc va nhan dan cung lam viec lap cac quy phat trien co sd tang, quy dao tao nguon nhan luc Phoi hop vdi va trung uong, phat trien dong bo va hien dai co sd tang, trudc het can uu tien cho cac khu vuc cd dir an phat trien nham thu hut dau tu va tao dieu kien thuan loi cho cac chu dau tu trien khai thuc hien du an Cung vdi day manh viec cai each hanh chinh, cac du an, chuong trinh phat trien kinh te - xa hoi tren dia ban vdi cac chu dau tu va 103 ngoai nude De nghi ngan hang tang eudng eho vay von trung han va dai han de tao dieu kien eho eo sd san xuat kinh doanh dau tu ehieu sau, thue hien hien dai hoa eo sd san xuat va doi mdi eong nghe Tang eudng su tiep ean giua eae tO ehue ngan hang, tO ehue tin dung vdi eae ho nOng dan, trude het la eae ehu trang trai de giai quyet eae van de vudng mae viee eho vay Nang eao hieu qua su dung von eho vay thOng qua su phoi hop giua eae ho nOng dan vdi eae tO ehue tin dung, eae eo sd va tO ehue khuyen nOng Thue hien eae ehinh saeh ho tro dau tu nhu ehinh saeh mien giam thue eho eae trang trai thue hien mO hinh ehuyen dOi lua- ea- eay an qua nam dau hoae eho vay vdi lai suat thap doi vdi doanh nghiep dau tu vao eae linh vue kem hap dan, lau thu hoi von nhung rat ean eho kinh nghiem eua eae huyen, nhu phat trien tieu thu eOng nghiep, ehe bien nOng lam san Nha nude ean thue hien tro gia vdi eae san pham an toan eo gia san xuat eao de ngudi tieu dung tiep ean vdi eae san pham mdi dua tieu thu Giai 3.2.2 phap nham dam bao ben vung ve mat xa hoi phat trien nong nghiep 3.2.2.I Phat nguon nhan luc tror^fg ndng nghiep: Trong nhung nam tdi, phat trien nOng nghiep ben vung dat nhung yeu eau doi vdi nguon nhan lue d eae huyen ngoai Ha Noi, va ean tap trung dao tao, nang eao ehat luong nguon nhan lue d nhung van de sau: - Ve doi tuong dao tao: bao gom nhung ngudi san xuat nOng nghiep, nhung ngudi quan ly, tham gia eae tO ehue khuyen nOng lam nong eot eho viee truyen tai nhung kien thue mdi den nhung ngudi hoat dong linh vue nOng nghiep - Ve noi dung dao tao: bao gom nhung kien thue ve mOi trudng, moi quan he giua eae nganh hoat dong san xuat kinh doanh, dae biet la nhung tae hai ve O nhiem mOi trudng va nhung tae nhan gay O nhiem mOi trudng de ngudi dan ehu dong phdng tranh Nhung kien thue ve ky thuat san xuat, nhung tuu eua eOng nghe mdi eo the phat huy san xuat nhu eOng nghe ve giong; eOng nghe eanh tae nha ludi; eOng nghe dung mang ehe phu ehong ed dai va giu am va nhung uu viet tiep ean va trien khai eae eOng nghe Nhung kien thue ve kinh te thi trudng nhu kinh te trang trai, marketing, kien thue ve phan tieh kinh doanh Cae noi dung dao tao ean hudng tdi viee khai thae eae nguon lue eo hieu qua kinh te eao, tao eae san pham an toan va bao ve mOi trudng sinh thai 104 - Ve hinh thuc dao tao: ket hgp giua dao tao tap trung ngan han vdi dao tao tai co sd san xuat thong qua tap huan, xay dung cac mo hinh trinh dien, phat huy cac hinh thuc truyen tai kien thuc khoa hoc cong nghe cua to chuc khuyen ndng va cac td chuc quan chung Ddng thdi ket hop dao tao qua cac phuong tien thong tin dai chung (dai, bao, truyen hinh, td roi ) vdi cac noi dung phu hop Chuyen mon hoa ndng dan: dang ky chinh thuc ndng dan cd du trinh tay nghe chuyen mon hoi vien Hoi ndng dan va duoc hudng cac quyen loi nha nudc uu tien cho ndng dan (su dung dat ndng nghiep, tich tu dat ndng nghiep, bao hiem ndng nghiep, vay von phat trien san xuat ) Ndng dan khong dap ung yeu cau duoc hd tro chuyen sang lao dong cac linh vuc khac Dao tao nghe mot each he thong cd cap bang cho lao dong ndng nghiep Ban hanh chinh sach khuyen khich ndng dan hoc nghe (tay nghe cang cao thi cang uu dai vay von, uu dai tich tu ruong dat, hd tro ap dung khoa hoc cong nghe, ) Hoi ndng dan va cac hiep hoi san xuat se duoc chinh quyen dia phuong hd tro kinh phi khuyen ndng de day nghe, tiep thu khoa hoc cong nghe, tiep can thong tin 3.2.2.2 Dao tao nghe cho lao dong nong thon: \ A ? Dao tao nghe cho bo phan em ndng dan va nhung ndng dan can chuyen nghe, theo tung nhom ddi tuong nhu lao dong lam thue ndng nghiep, lao dong cong nghiep, lao dong dich vu, lao dong xuat khau; cac doi tuong duoc td chuc nghiep doan (cd dang ky lao dong, cd bao hiem duoc bao ve quyen loi) Nha nudc dung kinh phi chuong trinh tao viec lam, xoa doi giam ngheo de hd tro cac nghiep doan td chuc day nghe cd cap chung chi cho hoi vien Hoi vien duoc cap chung chi se duoc hd tro ve thong tin, cho vay von, hd tro that nghiep va tiep tuc bo tuc tay nghe de tham gia thi trudng lao dong Hinh chuong trinh muc tieu quoc gia ve dao tao nghe, phat trien ngudn nhan lire, dam bao hang nam dao tao khoang trieu lao dong ndng thon Thuc hien tot viec xa hoi hoa cong tac dao tao nghe Xay dung doi ngu tri thuc phuc vu ndng nghiep ndng thon Md rong quy cho sinh vien vay de hoc tap (md rong dien sang toan bo sinh vien ndng thon, tang luong vay, thdi gian vay); xay dung quy cho tri thuc tre vay lap nghiep d ndng thon (xay dung doanh nghiep, xay dung trang trai, md dich vu khoa hoc cong nghe, dich vu phuc vu ddi song, ); tro cap cho trang trai, hop tac xa, doanh nghiep, hiep hoi, cong ddng, thu hut tri thuc tre ve ndng thon lam viec, hinh doi ngu dich vu ky thuat cho minh (khuyen ndng, bao ve thuc vat, thu y, ) Xay dung doi ngu can bo phat trien cong ddng, phat trien ndng thon Tap trung 105 dao tao nang cao kien thuc cho can bo quan ly, can bo co sb Hinh it nhat mot truong dai hoc phat trien nong thon Trong chuong trinh phat trien nong thon moi, hinh he thong cac ban quan ly phat trien nong thon tu cong dong thon ban va xay dung chuong trinh dao tao cho doi ngu gan voi noi dung phat trien nong thon qua tung giai doan Tung buoc xac dinh lai chuc nang nhiem vu de hinh tieu chuan moi cua doi ngu can bo Tu soat, co ke hoach bo tri, dao tao va thu hut nhan tai, thuc hien tieu chuan hoa can bo theo huong chuyen nghiep, chat luong cao, gon nhe, tap trung vao cac hoat dong quan ly nha nuoc (xay dung chinh sach, chien luoc, quy hoach, quan ly tieu chuan, giam sat thuc hien, ) Phan cap va chuyen bot cac hoat dong dich vu cong, hoat dong su nghiep sang cho nhan dan va cac phan kinh te khac cung tham gia 3.2.2.3 Giaiphap giam phan hoa giau ngheo: Phat trien nong nghiep, nong thon theo huong cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa nham dam bao su tang trubng on dinh cua nen kinh te quoc dan va la co sb quyet dinh nhat de giai quyet su phan hoa giau ngheo noi chung, xoa doi giam ngheo noi rieng Phat trien va chuyen dich co co cau kinh te nong nghiep, nong thon theo huong cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa Lua chon cong nghe hop ly doi voi nong nghiep- nong thon Dieu chinh cac chinh sach ruong dat Tang cuong dau tu cho nong nghiep, nong thon bang moi nguon von Giai quyet "dau ra" cho nong san hang hoa de day manh san xuat hang hoa noi chung, san xuat hang hoa nong pham noi rieng Nha nuoc dung tien ngan sach de hd tro cho nguoi ngheo, nhung nguoi gap rui ro, khuyet tat thong qua cac chuong trinh kinh te - xa hoi, cac quy tro cap quoc gia, tro cap, tin dung, uu dai Ngoai cac cuoc van dong dong gop vao quy xoa doi giam ngheo, giup vung thien tai Nha nuoc tang cuong cac dich vu cong nhu du an y te cong cong, benh vien mien phi cho nguoi ngheo, chuong trinh nuoc sach, cham soc nguoi gia co don, tre em mo coi Ho doi ngheo duoc mien giam cac khoan dong gop xa hoi dia phuong qui dinh de xay dung co sb san xuat, dich vu duoc mien giam cac khoan thue nhu thue nong nghiep, thue doanh thu Thu hep khoang cach doi song van hoa giua thi va nong thon Do tinh trang doi song vat chat kho khan, thieu thon lam cho mot so nguoi b nong thon chan nan, be tac muon roi lang que thi kiem song Vi vay can phai phat 106 trien dai song van hoa tinh than d nong thon de thu hep khoang each van hoa giua nong thdn va thi Nang cao trinh dan tri cua nhan dan: phat trien giao due nang cao dan tri trudc het phai xoa mu, tai mu, thuc hien cap giao due Ben canh cung phai dau tu mot bo phan co chat luong cao dat tieu chuan quoc te nham dao tao nhan tai, tao uu the vuot troi, tao dong lire thuc day qua trinh tang trudng kinh te va tien bo xa hoi Tang cudng giao due van hoa phap luat va van hoa dan chu cho ngudi dan de moi ngudi co y thuc hon thdi dai hoi nhap A A 3,2,3 Giai phap nham dam bao ben vfrng ve mat moi trudng phat trien ndng nghiep: 3.2.3.1 Su dung hup ly tai nguyen: Tai nguyen dat la dieu kien thiet yeu de trdng trot Nhu cau cang tang cua ngudi ve dat va cac nguon tai nguyen thien nhien khac dang lam sinh nhung canh tranh va mau thuan Neu muon lam thoa man nhu cau doi hoi cua ngudi mot each lau ben, chung ta phai giai quyet nhung mau thuan do, va tim each su dung dat va cac tai nguyen thien nhien khac mot each co hieu qua va hieu suat hon Muc tieu la de lam cho dat duuc su dung theo nhung each dam bao thu duoc va xa hoi vdi van de cung cd va bao ve mdi trudng Han nua hoan canh phai thoa man nhu cau nuoi song sd dan dang tang nhanh ma quy dat trdng trot, nguon nudc cang can kiet va chung ta khong duoc quyen md rong tren nhung dien tich khong phu hup Quan ly dat ben virng thuoc vao tirng loai dat cu the nhtrng nui dat on dinh, phi nhieu thi viec trdng cay va quan ly canh tac se theo phuong thuc ben vung, bu du luong dinh dudng cac san pham thu hoach va cay trdng mang theo Cdn nhung vung dat xau can xac dinh nhung phuong thuc quan ly va san xuat thich hup Tirng budc trien khai viec cap giay chung nhan quyen str dung dat d nhung noi da quy hoach rd, sum co nhung bien phap xu ly d nhung vung dat tranh chap Van dung linh hoat cac chinh sach dat dai thich hup, tao dieu kien giai phdng nhanh mat bang cho cac cong trinh xay dung, kien quyet xu ly tinh trang lan chiem dat dai, xac dinh rd cac ranh gidi quy hoach, nhat la dieu kien chua co nguon von quy hoach can co bien phap quan ly dat dai tranh cac tinh trang tiep tuc lan chiem dat 107 dai Xay dung cac dir an doi dat lay co so tang de tao nguon von cho xay dung cor s6r tang huyen Hoan thien he thong luat phap, chinh sach dong bo ve phat trien nong nghiep; he thong quan ly va bao ve tai nguyen dat dai, tai nguyen nuoc, cac giong cay trong, vat nuoi, cac nguon tai nguyen thien nhien khac su dung nong, lam, ngu nghiep; cac phuong phap canh tac tien tien va van de bao ve moi truong nong nghiep, nong thon - Doi mdi chinh sach mang tinh tich cue doi vdi ndng nghiep ndng thon: Chinh sach hd tro cac dia phuong thuc hien don dien ddi thua: Phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung ddi hoi phai cd su tap trung dat dai vdi quy md hop ly Tren thuc te, dat dai d cac huyen ngoai kha phan tan cac ho ndng dan Vi vay, can tien hanh don dien ddi thua va khuyen khich tap trung dat dai Van de khong the thuc hien dupe neu de tu phat giua cac ho ndng dan vdi Vai trd cua chinh quyen huyen xa la rat quan Thanh can cd chu truong va nhung chinh sach tao cac dieu kien ve vat chat va phap ly de cac huyen va xa thuc hien don dien, doi thua Chinh sach lien quan den huy dong dat dai xay dung co sd tang: De xay dung co sd tang dap urng yeu cau phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung can phai chuyen mot sd dien tich san xuat ndng nghiep sang cac muc dich Vi vay se cd mot sd ho bi mat dat san xuat ndng nghiep Neu khong giai quyet van de nay, viec xay dung co sd tang se kho khan Tren dia ban cac huyen, viec thi hoa, nhat la xay dung cac khu cong nghiep ldn da lay di kha nhieu dien tich cua ndng dan Tuy nhien, cac du an ldn cd ngudn kinh phi kha ddi dao nen giai quyet hau qua thuan lpi hon cac du an xay dung co sd tang, nhat la du an xay dung cac cong trinh noi bo xa, thon, xom Ddi vdi cac du an nay, vdi cac ho ndng dan bi mat dat nhieu lam anh vdi chinh sach giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao dong bi mat dat, mat tu lieu san xuat chu yeu bang ndng nghiep Muon giai quyet viec lam cho ngudi lao dong bi mat dat phai hd tro dao tao nghe, va uu tien tuyen dung ho cac chuong trinh viec lam cua Thanh hay di xuat khau lao dong hoac dupe uu dai vay von de phat trien them nganh nghe hoac tao lap nghe mdi Nha nudc (Thanh pho, Huyen) can cd su hd tro ve cac mat de dia phuong giai quyet tot van de Chinh sach ddi dat lay co sd tang: khao cuu kinh nghiem ddi dat lay co sd tang cua mot sd dia phuong nhu Thanh Hd Chi Minh, Vung Tau va viec hd tro cac co sd tang cua cac lien doanh lay dat d cac dia phuong nhu Ddng 108 Anh, Gia Lam, Tu- Liem de xay dung co che ap dung chung cho cac Huyen ngoai nham tao cac co so tang phuc vu cho san xuat va doi song d cac xa huyen, tao nhung dieu kien cho phat trien cac nganh nghe nong thon Ha noi co the manh viec trien khai chinh sach doi dat lay co so tang vi gia tri thuc cua dat ldn, xay dung co sd tang ton kem vi khong gian hep, tinh tap trung cao Day la viec lam kha cong can duoc tong ket va xay dung co che thuc hien de tao nguon von phat trien co sd tang cho cac huyen ngoai Chinh sach Nha nudc va nhan dan cung lam: cac co sd tang tao he thdng theo nhieu cap, vi vay mot mat ddi hoi phai cd su dau tu ldn, mat khac can phai dupe xay dung mot each dong bo Vdi nhung yeu cau tren, chinh sach nha nudc va nhan dan cung lam viec xay dung cac co sd tang can dupe md rong pham vi ap dung va xay dung co che cu the Trong chinh sach nha nudc va nhan dan cung lam can phan dinh ro vai trd, vi tri va pham vi cua nha nudc, nhan dan (doanh nghiep va ho) theo tung loai co sd tang Cd the cd su phan dinh theo tung cap cua loai co sd tang (vi du dudng quoc lo, lien tinh, lien huyen va lien xa) de xac dinh vai trd cua nha nudc va nhan dan Cd the can cu theo yeu td xay dung cac co sd tang de xac dinh vai trd cua tung ben tham gia xay dung (vi du nha nudc dong gop cac khoan ldn xay dung giao thdng, he thdng dien, nudc chung; nhan dan dong gop cong sue vao xay dung cac co sd tang theo kinh nghiem cua Thai Binh nhu: ddi vdi giao thdng lien huyen, lien xa, cap tinh cung cap da va cac phuong tien may moc ldn; huyen cap nhua dudng; nhan dan tung xa dong gop cong sue ) 3.2.3.2 Ung dung, trien khai cac tim khoa hoc ky thuat, cong nghe gan vdi bao ve tai nguyen, mdi trudng Tren thuc te, viec trien khai cac tien bo khoa hoc, cong nghe san xuat ndng nghiep da mang lai nhung ket qua dang khich le, nhien so vdi yeu cau thi cdn nhieu han che Mat khac, viec lam dung cong nghiep hoa chat (phan hoa hoc, thuoc trir sau, thuoc tang trong, thuoc kich thich ) da gay nhung tac dong tieu cue tdi san xuat va ddi song Nhan thuc cua ngudi dan ve van de mdi trudng, ve mdi quan he gan bo huu co giua cac nganh, cac yeu td hoat dong ndng nghiep, ve tac hai cua su dung qua lieu luong thuoc tru sau, phan hoa hoc, cac chat kich thich, chat bao quan thuc pham cdn rat han che Bi hap dan bdi loi nhuan va y thuc phap luat chua cao cua ca ngudi san xuat va ngudi tieu thu ndng san da dan den nhung tac dong xau cho mdi trudng va ddi song Vi vay, viec nghien cuu trien khai cac hoat dong khoa hoc va cong nghe nham nang cao chat luong san xuat, che bien va 109 tieu thu nong san la yeu cau co ban va cap bach; va tap trung vao nhung van de sau: - Tuyen truyen nang cao nhan thuc cua ngudi dan ve vai trd cua khoa hoc cong nghe, ve yeu cau cua an toan thuc pham va bao ve moi truong sinh thai Tu ngudi dan thay duoc viec phat trien nong nghiep ben vung la yeu cau cua su phat trien kinh te-xa hoi, vua bao ve suc khoe va su doi hoi khat khe cua kinh te thi trudng - Co nhung chinh sach khuyen khich ngudi dan su dung cac cong nghe dac trung cua nen nong nghiep sinh thai nhu: su dung thuoc tru sau thao moc, ke ca cac loai thuoc tu che (vi du bang gung, toi da trien khai d Gia Tam), cac loai giong khang sau benh, cac loai phan vi sinh, phan tu che bang cac chat huu co thong qua viec cho vay uu dai, dau tu xay dung co sd tang - Tang cudng tiem luc cho Trung tam nghien cuu va chuyen giao cong nghe gan vdi yeu cau phat trien nong nghiep ben vung nhu Trung tam rau hoa qua, Trung tam gia suc, gia cam; Trung tam khuyen nong cua Ha Noi ve dieu kien co sd vat chat, ve nhan luc va ve co che chinh sach de cac trung tam co the tiep nhan va nhan cac giong cay trong, vat nuoi cua cac co sd nghien cuu trung uong hoac nhap ngoai co chat luong tot, co hieu qua kinh te cao hoac ap dung nhung phuong phap nhan giong hien dai de san xuat giong vdi quy mo ldn va chat luong cao, gia rrx x a I • a J a a r zx • • zx r zx •~ r •> ■> r A T T x a • -lao dieu kien de md rong moi lien ket giua cac co sd san xuat cua Ha noi vdi cac co sd nghien cuu cua Trung uong dong tren dia ban, trudc het la Vien nghien cuu cay an qua, Vien chan nuoi va Trudng Dai hoc nong nghiep I nham phat huy tiem nang khoa hoc cong nghe cua cac don vi cho san xuat nong nghiep d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi - Tang cudng vai trd cua cac to chuc khuyen nong viec trien khai cac tien bo khoa hoc cong nghe vao san xuat nong nghiep cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi Nang cao vai trd cua cac trung tam ve chuyen giao cong nghe vua tao dieu kien gidi thieu va giam sat chat luong san pham tieu thu theo hudng gan quyen loi va loi ich moi ben vdi hoat dong san xuat ndng nghiep - Tao dieu kien va phat huy vai trd cua cac to chuc quoc te viec xay dung cac mo hinh san xuat nong nghiep nhu mo hinh trien khai su dung cac loai phan, thuoc tru sau tu che bang cac chat huu co cua To chuc nang suat xanh - Tiep tuc doi mdi hoat dong cua cac hop tac dich vu nong nghiep tren tat ca cac mat nham nang cao vai trd cua to chuc viec tiep nhan cac hoat dong trien khai tien bo khoa hoc cong nghe vao san xuat nong nghiep cua dia phuong, de chung lam tot -chuc nang dau vao, dau theo yeu cau phat trien nong nghiep ben 110 vung - Tong ket cac mo hinh thuc tien ve phat trien nong nghiep ben vung d cac huyen ngoai nhu md hinh rau sach, md hinh sinh thai ket hop giua cay an qua vdi du lich, md hinh trdng hoa nha ludi, mo hinh chan nuoi ket hop vdi trdng trot cd su dung cac bien phap xu ly phe thai Tu cd cac bien phap md rong va nang cao hieu qua cua md hinh Ill KET LUAN VA KIEN NGHI • • Trong nhung nam qua, san xuat nong nghiep d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi ' •> r r da thu duoc nhung ket qua kha toan dien: toc tang truong kha on dinh, co cau noi bo nganh nong nghiep chuyen dich theo hudng tich cue, san xuat phat trien toan dien va theo hudng san xuat hang hoa, dem lai hieu qua kinh te cao Nang suat lao dong cang duoc nang cao Quan he san xuat tung budc dupe cung co va phat trien Tuy nhien, hien qua trinh thi hoa dien nhanh chong, xay dung cac khu cong nghiep va khu thi mdi cang ldn nen dien tich canh tac ndng nghiep ngoai Ha Noi cang bi thu hep Mot sd van de buc xue dat nhu muc chenh lech giau ngheo giua thi va ndng thdn, tinh trang that nghiep, thieu viec lam hien d muc cao San xuat ndng nghiep va kinh te ngoai da dat dupe nhung tuu ldn nhung dang gap nhieu kho khan, viec tich tu va tap trung ruong dat de hinh cac vung chuyen canh san xuat hang hoa ldn, chat luong cao gap trd ngai, viec tieu thu san pham ndng nghiep chua thdng suot San xuat ndng nghiep cua Ha Noi van cdn manh mun, hieu qua chua cao Cong nghe dong goi, bao quan sau thu hoach hau nhu chua cd, van bi dong, hieu qua kinh te thap, luon tinh trang dupe mua rot gia, dupe gia lai mat mua Mot nhieu nguyen nhan la Ha Noi chua hinh dupe cac vung chuyen canh Ai cung thay rd dieu nhung van chua cd giai phap khac phuc Tuy Ha Noi cd hang chuc nghin hecta dat bai mau mo ven cac song nhung van khong hinh dupe cac vung chuyen canh Tren mot canh dong luon cd qua nhieu loai cay khac tu ngo, khoai san, do, dau, lac rat manh mun Cac vung cay an qua hinh tu phat theo dia hinh dat dai va tap quan canh tac Rd rang, ndng nghiep Ha Noi cdn tan man ve quy hoach, khong dinh hudng san pham chu luc, thieu giong chat luong cao Ndng dan rat thieu thdng tin quy hoach va thi trudng nen kho thay doi phuong thuc san xuat De hinh vung chuyen canh san xuat cay an qua, rau, hoa vdi quy md ldn, da cd nhieu van ban, tir ke hoach phat trien den r r 7 quy hoach chien lupc, nhung thuc te cham trien khai Mat khac, viec phat trien ndng nghiep gan vdi tao vanh dai xanh, bao ve mdi trudng chua dupe quan tam dung muc r y r y Neu dupe dau tu, quy hoach bai ban vdi su tham van cua cac chuyen gia dau nganh, dupe hoach dinh cu the thi ngoai Ha Noi khong nhirng la noi cung cap luong thuc, thuc pham tuoi song, an toan, gia hop ly cho noi ma cdn cd y nghia quan gop phan tao cac vanh dai xanh cai thien mdi trudng Do do, viec 112 dau tu cho nong nghiep hien mang nhieu y nghia khong chi d an sinh xa hoi, giai quyet viec lam, cai thien ddi song ndng dan, rut ngan khoang each giua ndng thon va thi ma la ldi giai cho nhung can benh cd huu cua noi hien nay: tac dudng, ngap ung, o nhiem Qua trinh co gidi hoa ndng nghiep va viec ap dung cac quy trinh ky thuat san xuat tien tien dien cham chap Hau het cac khau san xuat d nhung vung ndng nghiep deu lam thu cong, dan den nang suat lao dong ndng nghiep rat thap Cong nghiep tac dong yeu vao ndng, lam, ngu nghiep, dac biet la cong nghiep che bien ndng san Thi trudng ndng san khong on dinh, gia ca thay ddi theo chieu hudng bat loi ddi vdi ndng dan Tinh trang giam sut da dang gen d giong cay trdng, vat nuoi trao luu thay the giong truyen thong bang giong mdi dang lam cho viec phong chong sau benh kho khan hon Viec su dung phan hoa hoc, thuoc tru sau, thuoc diet cd va cac chat ki'ch thich sinh trudng mot each tien da cd dau hieu vupt qua gidi han cho phep cua mdi trudng sinh thai, dan den thoai hoa dat, o nhiem ngudn nudc va gay hai cho sue khoe ngudi Vi vay, phat trien ndng nghiep d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi can tap trung khai thac cac ngudn luc, cac loi the, cac nhan td tac dong da duoc danh gia thuc trang san xuat ndng nghiep giai doan 2006- 2010 Can xac dinh rd cac quan diem, dinh hudng phat trien tren co sd dua nhung giai phap kha thi de phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung giai doan tiep theo Mot so kien nghi: - Ddi vdi Ha Noi, phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung duoc su quan tam cua Thanh uy, chinh quyen va co nhung dieu kien thuan loi de phat trien Tuy nhien, day la xu hudng van dong mdi, xuat phat tu nhung yeu cau khach quan, nhung yeu cau lai chua dupe phan tich ky cang Chinh vi vay, qua trinh phat trien ndng nghiep ben vung d cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi mdi chi la buoc hudng rd rang, ddng thdi co he thong giai phap ddng bo - Ve td chuc thuc hien, trudc tien Sd Ndng nghiep va phat trien ndng thon cung cac nganh cd lien quan cua Thanh can cu the hoa bang cac du an dau tu cho tung thdi ky, tung nam, theo tung noi dung, de trinh Thanh phe duyet va tien hanh dau tu Sd Ndng nghiep va phat trien ndng thon cung cac nganh tham muu cho Thanh soan thao cac co che, chinh sach lien quan tdi thuc day phat 113 trien ndng nghiep ben virng b ngoai Ha Noi, de ban hanh rong rai thuc hien tat ca cac ho dan va nhung co sb lien quan So Nong nghiep va phat trien nong thon giup cho Thanh co su lien he thuong xuyen va tiep thu sir chi dao cua Bo Nong nghiep va phat trien nong thon va dau tu phat trien nong nghiep de Ha Noi co the khai thac dupe nhung loi the va dung vi tri di dau ca nudc r \ r \ \ Tren co sb cac chi tieu can tien hanh dau tu co sb tang, chi dao quy hoach cac vung san xuat, can co co che, chinh sach cho chuyen doi dat nong nghiep, de sdm hinh cac vung san xuat theo hudng chuyen mon hoa va dau tu theo cong nghe cao De tai luan van thac sy “Phat trien nong nghiep b cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi” da he thong hoa, co bo sung va hoan thien nhtrng van de ly luan co ban ve phat trien ndng nghiep ben virng Phan tich, danh gia thuc trang phat trien nong nghiep b cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi giai doan nam 2006 - 2010 Tir rut nhung tuu, han che va nguyen nhan cua nhung han che phat trien nong nghiep b cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi De xuat phuong hudng, giai phap nham phat trien nong nghiep ben vung b cac huyen ngoai Ha Noi nhtrng nam tiep theo Mac du da co gang tap hop, xu ly, khai thac, su dung nhieu nguon tai lieu va qua phan tich cua ca nhan ngudi nghien curu, song nhtrng van de can phai dupe tiep tuc bo sung de lam sang to hon la: van de thi truong tieu thu san pham nong san, va tinh bn dinh cua thi truong, dac biet vdi cac san pham co the xuat khau; van de bao quan, che bien cac loai nong san co yeu cau chat luong cao, vdi cac cong nghe phu hop; va van de phat trien nganh nghe, dich vu b nong thon de co thd su dung co hieu qua nguon lao dong du thtra b nong thon Tac gia de tai hy vong se co co hoi lam sau va ro hon nhung van de tren b luan an tien sy vdi mong muon tiep tuc phat trien de tai 114 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Bo Tai nguyen va moi truong (2010), Bao cao mdi trudng quoc gia 2010 Chinh phu (2004), Quyet dinh so 153/2004/QD/TTg 17/8/2004 cua Thu tudng Chinh phu ve viec ban hanh dinh hudng chien luac phat trien ben vung a Viet Nam (Chucmg trinh nghi su 21) Dang Cong San Viet Nam (2008), Nghi quyet so 26-NQ/TW 05/8/2008 Hoi nghi Ian thu Ban Chap hanh Trung ucmg Dang Khoa X ve ndng nghiep, ndng dan, ndng thdn Dang Cong San Viet Nam (2008), Nghi quyet sd 24/2008/NQ-CP 28 thdng 10 nam 2008 cua Chinh phu ban hanh Chuang trinh hanh dong cua Chinh phu Dang Cong san Viet Nam (2011), Chien luac phat trien kinh te - xa hoi 2011-2020, Van kien Dai hoi XI Chi cue thy y Ha Noi (2005), Bao cao ket qua danh gid tinh hinh ve sinh thu y va de xuat gidi phap dam bao an toan ve sinh thuc pham giet md gia cam tren dia ban Hd Noi Cue thong ke Ha Noi (2010), Nien giam thdng ke Hd Noi, Nha xuat ban thong ke ? r y r \ Dao Hoang Tuan (2008), Phat trien ben vung thi: Nhirng van de ly luan va kinh nghiem cua the gidi Nha xuat ban Khoa hoc xa hoi Dao Huu Hoa (2005), Vai trd cua trang trai gia dinh qua trinh phat trien mot nen ndng nghiep ben virng, Truong Dai hoc Kinh te, Dai hoc Da Nang 10 GS.TS Tran Ngoc Hien (2009), Thdi ca va thach thuc phat trien ben virng a Viet Nam, Ky yeu Hoi thao Khoa hoc quoc te, Hoc vien Bao chi va tuyen truyen 11 GS.TS.Chu Van Cap (2009), Phat trien ben vung o Viet Nam- Thuc trang va nhung van de dat ra, Ky yeu Hoi thao Khoa hoc quoc te, Hoc vien Bao chi va tuyen truyen > ■> 12 Ha Ban (2008), Phat trien ben virng ndng nghiep tinh Kon Turn: Trien vong va thach thuc, Tap chi Khoa hoc va cong nghe, Dai hoc Da Nang 13 Ky yeu hoi nghi Phat trien ben vung toan quoc lan thu nhat (2004) 14 Khoa Viet Nam hoc, Dai hoc su pham Ha Noi (2008), Phat trien thi ben vung ve mdi trudng d Viet Nam 15 Le Van Khoa, Nguyen Due Luong, Nguyen The Truyen (1999), Giao trinh Ndng nghiep va Mdi trudng, Nha xuat ban Giao due 115 16 Ltr Ngoc Cu (2010), Phat trien ben vung vai kinh te xanh lam tru cot ndng nghiep va su lua chon cua tinh Dak Lak, Tap chi cong san 17 Nguyen Minh Hang (Chu bien) (2003), Mot so van de ve hien dai hod ndng nghiep, Nha xuat ban Xa hoi, Ha Noi 18 Nguyen Thi Ngoc Mai (2008), Nghien cuuphat trien san xuat rau an toan ben vung tren dia ban huyen Gia lam - Ha Noi, Luan van tot nghiep dai hoc, Truong Dai hoc Nong nghiep Ha Noi 19 PGS.TS.Le Quoc Ly (2009), Phat trien ben vung vai xoa doi giam ngheo a Viet Nam, Ky yeu Hoi thao Khoa hoc quoc te, Hoc vien Bao chi va tuyen truyen 20 PGS.TS.D6 Tien Sam (chu bien) (2008), Van de Tam ndng a Trung Quoc thuc trang vd gidi phap, Nha xuat ban tir dien Bach Khoa 21 PGS.TS Vu Nang Dung (2003), Nghien cuu de xuat chinh sach chuyen dich ca cau kinh te ndng nghiep, ndng thon Vien Quy hoach va thiet ke nong nghiep, Bo Nong nghiep va Phat trien nong thon 22 Pham Van Dinh, Dd Kim Chung va tap the bo mon Phat trien nong thon, Khoa Kinh te va phat trien nong thon, Truong Dai hoc Nong nghiep Ha Noi (2004), Giao trinh Kinh te ndng nghiep, Nha xuat ban Ndng nghiep 23 Pham Thi Xuan Tho (2008), Dia ly thi Nha xuat ban Giao due 24 Sd Ndng nghiep va phat trien ndng thon Ha Noi (2005), De an “Chuyen chan nuoi gia cam ngoai khu dan cu” 25 So Ndng nghiep va phat trien ndng thon Ha Noi (2005,2006,2007), Bao cao tinh hinh phat trien ndng nghiep vd ndng thon 26 So Ndng nghiep va phat trien ndng thon Ha Noi (2007), Ban tin ndng nghiep Thu 27 TS.Hoang Trung Lap (2003), Nghien cuu cac gidi phap vd chinh sach tao viec lam vd tdng thu nhap cho lao dong ndng thon a Ddng bang Song Hong vd Ddng bang Song Cuu Long Vien Quy hoach va thiet ke ndng nghiep, Bo Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thon 28 TS Nguyen Van Toan (2003), Nghien cuu de xuat cac gidi phap khac phuc tinh trang manh mun dat dai ndng nghiep a Ddng bang Song Hong.Vien Quy hoach va thiet ke ndng nghiep, Bo Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thon 29 TS Nguyen Vo Linh (2003), Nghien ctru phan vung sinh thdi ndng nghiep phuc vuphat trien ndng nghiep ben virng duyen hai mien Trung.Nien Quy hoach va thiet ke ndng nghiep, Bo Ndng nghiep va Phat trien ndng thon 30 TS Ngo Trung Son (2008), Giao trinh tdi nguyen mdi trudng vd phat trien 116 A ben vung 31 Tran Danh Thin va Nguyen Hfru Tri (2006), He thong phat tridn \ r ndng nghiep ben vung, Nha xuat ban Nong nghiep 32 Tran An Phong (1995), Danh gid hien trang sir dung dat theo quan diem sinh thdi vd phat trien lau ben Nha xuat ban Nong nghiep Ha Noi 33 UBND ph6 Ha Noi (2008), Quydt dinh sd 05/2008/QD-UBND 18/1/2008 ban hanh mot sd chinh sach khuyen khich phat trien kinh te trang trai tren dia ban 34 Tong cue thong ke Ket qua dieu tra muc song ho gia dinh nam (2002, 2004, 2006, 2008) Tong cue thong ke Ha Noi 35 Sally P Marsh, T Gordon MacAulay va Pham Van Hung bien tap (2007), Phat trien ndng nghiep vd chinh sach dat dai a Viet Nam Tom tat chinh sach, Trung tam Nghien cuu Nong nghiep Quoc te cua Ox-tray-lia 36 Cac trang web: http://www.gso gov, (website Tong cue thong ke) http://www.agroviet.gov.vn (Cong thong tin dien tu Bo Nong nghiep va phat trien nong thon) http://www.hanoi.gov.vn (Cong giao tiep dien tu Uy ban nhan dan ph6 Ha Noi) http://sonnptnt.hanoi.gov.vn/web/home.php (Cong thong tin dien tu cua So Nong nghiep va phat trien nong thon Ha Noi)