pro sharepoint 2013 administration 2nd edition

www.it-ebooks.info For your convenience Apress has placed some of the front matter material after the index. Please use the Bookmarks and Contents at a Glance links to access them. www.it-ebooks.info v Contents at a Glance Foreword ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� xix About the Author ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� xxi About the Technical Reviewer ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� xxiii Acknowledgments ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ xxv Introduction �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� xxvii Chapter 1: SharePoint 2013 Overview and New Features ■ �������������������������������������������������1 Chapter 2: New Installation and Configuration ■ ����������������������������������������������������������������21 Chapter 3: Working with PowerShell ■ �������������������������������������������������������������������������������59 Chapter 4: Upgrading from SharePoint 2010 ■ �������������������������������������������������������������������75 Chapter 5: Health Monitoring and Disaster Recovery ■ ���������������������������������������������������105 Chapter 6: Users, Profiles, and Social Networking ■ ��������������������������������������������������������151 Chapter 7: Security and Policy ■ ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������203 Chapter 8: Claims-Based and Federated Authentication ■ �����������������������������������������������235 Chapter 9: Content Model and Managed Metadata ■ �������������������������������������������������������279 Chapter 10: Publishing and Web Content Management ■ ������������������������������������������������317 Chapter 11: Documents and Records Management ■ ������������������������������������������������������371 Chapter 12: Business Intelligence ■ ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������427 Chapter 13: Business Connectivity Services ■ �����������������������������������������������������������������463 www.it-ebooks.info ■ Contents at a GlanCe vi Chapter 14: Microsoft Office Integration and Office Web Applications ■ ���������������������������501 Chapter 15: SharePoint Search ■ ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������551 Chapter 16: SharePoint Designer and Branding ■ ������������������������������������������������������������603 Index ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������631 www.it-ebooks.info xxvii Introduction Hello, and welcome to Pro SharePoint 2013 Administration. In the next sixteen chapters of this book, you will discover administration of the latest version of SharePoint. SharePoint administration can be intimidating to anyone looking at the platform for the rst time, and so this book was written to cover all the major areas and demonstrate conguration in a systematic fashion. Chapter 1 kicks o with an overview of the new SharePoint 2013 platform, changes from the previous version, and what you can expect of the new features. In this book, you will read about the installation of SharePoint Server 2013 on a new Windows Server. Chapter 1 highlights the prerequisites for the installation and minimal hardware and operating system software requirements. Even if you are a seasoned SharePoint administrator and have performed many installations of SharePoint before, you might gain additional insight from this chapter. Chapter 2 also serves as a great instruction set for anyone looking to install SharePoint 2013 for the rst time. With SharePoint installed, you will embark on a journey through the various areas of SharePoint 2013 covered in this book, which include security and policy; user proles; social networking; documents, records, and metadata; business intelligence; Microsoft Oce integration; health and disaster recovery; search; and user interface branding; among others. ank you—for your interest in this book and SharePoint 2013 administration. Who This Book Is For e title gives it away that this book is focused at SharePoint administrators (or want-to-be administrators), but this is not to say that Pro SharePoint 2013 Administration has no value for business experts or developer audiences. It should appeal to anyone with an interest in SharePoint 2013—installing it, conguring it, and using many of the best features the platform has to oer. If you are new to SharePoint, congratulations on joining a large community of like-minded SharePoint enthusiasts. You will gain a wealth of information on grassroots installations, conguration, and administration of SharePoint 2013 from this book. For those audience members familiar with SharePoint 2013, this book serves as great reference material and best practice for what you may already know. For the casual reader in the bookstore, this book should, I hope, whet your palate regarding what SharePoint 2013 has to oer and provide you with an overview if you are curious about what SharePoint is or interested in nding out how the platform has changed since the 2010 version. Contacting the Author Should you have any questions or comments—or even spot a mistake that you think the author should know about—you can contact the Rob at feedback@robgarrett.com. Feel free to visit the author’s blog at http://blog.robgarrett.com. www.it-ebooks.info 1 Chapter 1 SharePoint 2013 Overview and New Features Hello, and welcome to SharePoint 2013. Microsoft has provided another great release of the SharePoint Server platform. Since the earliest version of SharePoint 2001, and Content Management Server prior to that, Microsoft has continued to expand and grow the SharePoint platform into the sophisticated information storage and retrieval system it is today. Thank you for buying this book (or thinking about buying it, if you are browsing it in the store or online). In the next sixteen chapters, you will learn about the various new features and capabilities of SharePoint 2013 from an administration point of view, and how to use these capabilities to host your own SharePoint 2013 farm. As with all good technical books, you can read this book cover to cover or dip into the chapters that interest you the most. I cannot make any assumptions about your previous experience with SharePoint, and so I wrote this book to appeal to a range of experience levels, starting with new administrators through to seasoned SharePoint experts. This book is an administration book, so if you are looking for development knowledge, then I recommend reading one of the development books in the SharePoint series from Apress. If you fall into the category that consists of new and upcoming SharePoint administrators, then I urge you to read all chapters in Pro SharePoint Administration 2013, starting with this chapter, where I offer an overview of SharePoint 2013. Those with extensive experience in SharePoint can also benefit from this chapter, because I cover the additions and enhancements in SharePoint 2013. Without further delay, it is time to start learning SharePoint 2013. No More Doughnut No, you are not seeing things, and yes, this is the topic of this section. In the previous version of SharePoint— SharePoint 2010—Microsoft liked to show off a circle diagram that described the various high-level modules in the platform. Magazine articles and books frequently included this diagram; my previous book (Pro SharePoint 2010 Administration [Apress, 2011]) was no exception. The circle diagram, or donut, as I liked to call it, described the six main areas of SharePoint 2010: Sites, Composites, Communities, Insights, Content, and Search. I could have included this diagram, except that Microsoft has now adopted a new way to describe the main modules of SharePoint 2013. I always thought the classifications in the SharePoint 2010 donut were a little lofty, which is to say they resembled language you might expect to find in typical business literature or words used in meetings. With SharePoint 2013, Microsoft has adopted simple terms to describe better the aims of the high-level areas of the new SharePoint platform. The following summarizes each term that classifies the high-level capabilities of SharePoint 2013: • Share—The term “sharing” has become ubiquitous with the explosion of social media. No longer do we grant access to our content, we share it instead. Throughout the various pages in SharePoint 2013, you will see share icons dotted around, which give owners of content the ability to share their content with other users. Sharing is also about empowering users to share their content across multiple devices and platforms while maintaining content in one place—SharePoint. www.it-ebooks.info CHAPTER 1 ■ SHAREPOINT 2013 OVERVIEW AND NEW FEATURES 2 • Organize—Organization is about how you store your content in SharePoint. Whether you use lists or document libraries, it is about site hierarchy and structure to represent your content; it is about the metadata you assign your content to make it available to search; it is about synchronizing SharePoint content with your desktops so you can organize access to your content. Organizing is all about how you structure your data for optimum use in SharePoint 2013. • Discover—Discovery focuses on the capability to search for content in SharePoint. Much of the functionality associated with content access in SharePoint 2013 utilizes search. Microsoft has included the search platform formerly known as FAST as the default Enterprise Search Platform in SharePoint 2013 (at no extra cost). Discovery also includes business intelligence capabilities and ability to discover information presented after applying business intelligence logic to related data. • Build—Microsoft has made some significant changes in the way it builds applications for SharePoint 2013. The new App Model supports creation of portable and lightweight applications that host in SharePoint 2013 and other Office applications. The Microsoft App Marketplace promotes sharing of custom applications with other organizations and individuals, much like how the Marketplace for Windows Phone operates. • Manage—SharePoint 2013 provides better capabilities to “manage” itself, whether as an on-premises SharePoint farm or as part of an Office 365 account (Microsoft’s Office in the cloud). SharePoint 2013 integrates well with Exchange and Lync 2013, and the configuration of this integration is robust and not overcomplicated to achieve. Many of the sophisticated features of SharePoint, such as business intelligence, records management, search, etc., have greater flexibility in their management and configuration. From the previous list, you should see that Microsoft has strived to describe the core capabilities of SharePoint 2013 with labels that make sense to everyone. I know I certainly appreciate the new labels when asked to provide a simple one- to two-sentence answer to the question “What is SharePoint?” Foundation and Server Similar to its predecessor, SharePoint 2013 comes in two different flavors: Foundation and Server. Foundation is the core platform for SharePoint Server and is free to install and use as long as you have proper Microsoft Windows licenses. SharePoint 2013 Server builds atop of Foundation and includes many more features. Unlike Foundation, Microsoft charges for SharePoint Server licenses (more on licensing shortly), and Server provides either Standard or Enterprise license types, each offering a different set of features. Deciding on the version of SharePoint you want usually involves determining your purpose for SharePoint. Use of Foundation is certainly compelling at zero cost (having licensed Windows Server first), but it is very limited in functionality out of the box. If you simply need to provide team collaboration and a location to upload documents, with no frills, then Foundation might be enough. In my experience, organizations that are serious about implementing an information management solution in SharePoint tend to go with SharePoint Server because it provides many attractive features that easily justify the expense. However, I have seen some very nice working solutions running on Foundation. When deciding to implement SharePoint Server, organizations must choose whether to purchase a Standard or Enterprise version. Both versions use the same installation. Which license you activate will determine the features available for use in your farm. Table 1-1 lists the high-level features available in Foundation, Server Standard, and Server Enterprise. Server Enterprise provides the complete suite of features, whereas Foundation and Server Standard provide a subset. Do not worry if you have not heard of many of the features in Table 1-1; I cover the majority of them throughout this book. www.it-ebooks.info CHAPTER 1 ■ SHAREPOINT 2013 OVERVIEW AND NEW FEATURES 3 Of course, Table 1-1 is not exhaustive. SharePoint includes many features and to list them all would consume several pages. Table 1-1 covers the high-level features, some of which include different capabilities depending on the version and license. For example, not all capabilities of Business Connectivity Services are available in Foundation, such as use of the Secure Store Service. Licensing SharePoint licensing is confusing. Depending on which Microsoft representative or SharePoint vendor/provider you talk with, you may get a different answer on the cost of Standard and Enterprise licenses. Like Windows, SharePoint requires a Client Access License (CAL) for every user or device accessing SharePoint. As I mentioned earlier, Foundation is free as long as you have Windows CALs for all your users and you are not exposing SharePoint to anonymous users on the Internet (more on this in a moment), so assume I am talking about SharePoint 2013 Server with regards to licensing, from here on. Depending on your desired functionality from SharePoint, you must buy either Standard CALs or Enterprise CALs, which have different prices. The cost per CAL differs depending on the license provider, how many CALs you buy in each purchase batch, and whether you qualify Table 1-1. Feature Comparison in SharePoint 2013 Feature Available in Foundation Available in Server Standard Available in Server Enterprise Access Services (2010 and 2013) No No Yes Application Management Yes Yes Yes Business Connectivity Services Yes Yes Yes Business Intelligence No No Yes e-Discovery and Records Management No Yes Yes Excel Services No No Yes Health Analyzer Yes Yes Yes Managed Metadata Service No Yes Yes PerformancePoint No No Yes Search No Yes Yes Secure Store Service No Yes Yes Social Features No Yes Yes State Service No Yes Yes Usage and Health Data Collection Yes Yes Yes User Authentication and Authorization Yes Yes Yes User Profiles No Yes Yes Visio Graphics Service No No Yes Web Content Management No Yes Yes Windows PowerShell Cmdlets Yes Yes Yes Word Automation No Yes Yes Workflow No Yes Yes www.it-ebooks.info CHAPTER 1 ■ SHAREPOINT 2013 OVERVIEW AND NEW FEATURES 4 for Microsoft discounts (typically applicable only to government, not-for-profit, and charity organizations)—I did say licensing is complicated. Prior to SharePoint 2013, you had to decide whether to purchase Enterprise CALs or Standard CALs for all users of your SharePoint farm. SharePoint Server 2013 introduces the ability to mix and match Standard and Enterprise CALs in the same farm. For example, you may have a small subset of users in your organization who require use of the Enterprise features, whereas the majority of users require only Standard features. Rather than buy all users Enterprise CALs, you can now save expense by buying Enterprise CALs for only those users who require them. By default, SharePoint Server 2013 operates in single license type mode. To enable per user license types, use the following PowerShell Cmdlets on the server running Central Administration: 1. Click the Start button. 2. Click All Programs and then click Microsoft SharePoint 2013 Products. 3. Click SharePoint 2013 Management Shell (this loads PowerShell). 4. Type in the Cmdlet: Get-SPUserLicensing at the prompt and press Enter. 5. If per user licensing is disabled the Cmdlet will return False. 6. To enable per user licensing, enter the following Cmdlet at the prompt and then press Enter: Enable-SPUserLicensing 7. You may now map different license types to users or groups. 8. Enter the following PowerShell Cmdlets to assign a license type to a set of users in an AD group (enter each Cmdlet on a new line, followed by Enter): $a = New-SPUserLicenseMapping -SecurityGroup "AD group" -License Type Add-SPUserLicenseMapping -Mapping $a 9. In the previous Cmdlets, you can provide the license type as Unlicensed, Standard, Enterprise, Project, and WACEdit. Note ■ Discussion of the various license types available in per user licensing is outside the scope of this book, but Standard and Enterprise correlate to those license types listed in Table 1-1. User and device CALs work for on-premise scenarios when you know exactly how many users to support, and all your users authenticate with your SharePoint 2013 farm, but what about scenarios involving anonymous users for public-facing solutions in SharePoint? The good news is that Microsoft has finally addressed this need in SharePoint 2013. In prior versions, you had to buy a different type of license called “SharePoint for Internet Sites,” which came at a high premium because it assumed use of all Enterprise features. With SharePoint 2013, Microsoft requires you to buy only the SharePoint Server product. Of course, if you use your farm for both Internet-facing and internal-facing sites, you still need to provide CALs for users authenticating with SharePoint from within the office. Note ■ To understand more on SharePoint Server 2013 licensing, consult a Microsoft representative or third-party vendor of SharePoint. www.it-ebooks.info CHAPTER 1 ■ SHAREPOINT 2013 OVERVIEW AND NEW FEATURES 5 System Requirements Like any other server platform, SharePoint 2013 has a number of hardware and software requirements. Hardware requirements are strongly recommended by Microsoft but open for deviation, depending on your deployment plan for SharePoint. Adherence to hardware requirements ensures optimal operation and good user experience and caters to most situations involving all features enabled in the platform. On the other hand, you must meet the minimal software requirements to install and operate SharePoint 2013 (both Foundation and Server). Hardware Requirements When Microsoft devises the hardware requirements for SharePoint, it assumes typical scenarios that account for average user load and availability of features. Of course, what may work for one organization may not work for another—the hardware requirements to support thousands of concurrent users, utilizing search and business intelligence, with redundant hardware is very different from those of a one- or two-server farm for a small back-office deployment (see Chapter 5 for server farm planning and redundancy). Fortunately, Microsoft published its hardware requirements for SharePoint 2013 to account for a variety of scenarios, as shown in Table 1-2. I remember when Microsoft first released the beta version of SharePoint 2013 and published the hardware requirements for development farms. I was shocked to read that my development server would need 24GB of RAM, especially since I typically use close to this amount of RAM for complete virtual server host. However, with further clarification, you can see from Table 1-2 that 8GB of RAM could work for most development scenarios, but it assumes the absence of Visual Studio (an application that is heavy on RAM) and installation of a minimum number of services. Notice the last line in Table 1-2, which caters to staging and production environments. These deployments host SQL Server separately and assume separate SharePoint application and web servers (three-tier). To cater to typical user load on a single web server, 12GB of RAM with a four-core CPU should provide enough horsepower. The beauty of SharePoint is that it scales, so if you overload one server with concurrent user requests, then you may add additional servers to the farm and load balance requests. Each new web or application server added to the farm requires the same minimum hardware specifications as listed in Table 1-2. Just as with SharePoint 2010, SharePoint 2013 requires 64-bit hardware and operating system to operate. Note ■ See the following information for SharePoint 2013 capacity planning: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/Cc261700.aspx. Table 1-2. SharePoint Web and Application Server Minimum Hardware Requirements Scenario Deployment Type and Scale RAM Processor Hard Drive Space Single SharePoint Server with built-in database or separate SQL Server Development deployment with minimum number of services installed. 8GB 64-bit, 4 cores 80GB for system drive Single SharePoint Server with built-in database or separate SQL Server Development deployment with minimum number of services installed and Visual Studio 2012. 10GB 64-bit, 4 cores 80GB for system drive Single SharePoint Server with built-in database or separate SQL Server Development deployment with all available services installed and Visual Studio 2012. 24GB 64-bit, 4 cores 80GB for system drive SharePoint Server in a three-tier farm Staging or production deployment with all services installed. 12GB 64-bit, 4 cores 80GB for system drive www.it-ebooks.info [...]... systems must be 64-bit SharePoint 2013 no longer supports SQL Server prior to 2008 R2 SharePoint requires at least Windows Server 2008, as shown in Table 1-4 Table 1-4.  Minimum Software Requirements for SharePoint 2013 Component Minimum Requirements Database server in a SharePoint 2013 farm • • • • Single SharePoint 2013 Server with built-in database server • • • • SharePoint 2013 web servers and application... apparent to anyone using SharePoint 2013 after SharePoint 2010 is the change to the Site Actions menu In SharePoint 2010, the Site Actions menu resided in the top left corner and provided access to view all site content and settings for SharePoint sites SharePoint 2013 replaces the Site Actions menu with a gear icon (or cog, if you prefer), which resides in the top right corner SharePoint 2013 clusters the... 8” theme (formally known as “Metro”) I cover SharePoint 2013 branding in detail in Chapter 16, but as you read this book, you will begin to appreciate the new branding Figure 1-1 Central Administration in SharePoint Server 2010 7 www.it-ebooks.info Chapter 1 ■ SharePoint 2013 Overview and New Features Figure 1-2.  Central Administration in SharePoint Server 2013 Although not immediately obvious from... advanced SharePoint 2013 deployment User Interface and User Experience Changes The first thing you will notice when opening SharePoint 2013 is the new user interface and experience changes Compare the screenshot from SharePoint 2010 (Figure 1-1) to that of SharePoint 2013 (Figure 1-2) The versions have similar page layouts and high-level functional areas, with links to various operations SharePoint 2013. .. are familiar with SharePoint 2010 architecture, from a high-level view, you might think that SharePoint 2013 architecture is the same but with a UI facelift In fact, much of the architecture in SharePoint 2013 is identical to that of SharePoint 2010, but with a number of improvements and additions I shall cover the majority of enhancements in 8 www.it-ebooks.info Chapter 1 ■ SharePoint 2013 Overview and... SharePoint 2013 and Shredded Storage support any file type SharePoint utilizes a feature of Windows called Remote Differential Compression (RDC) to ascertain deltas in binary files ■■Note When upgrading from SharePoint 2010 to SharePoint 2013, existing content does not use Shredded Storage; it is used only when modifying an existing file or adding a new file to SharePoint 2013 Thus upgrading from SharePoint. .. Microsoft now provides OWA services via Office 365, its Office in the cloud To support the many users who might use OWA and SharePoint, it makes sense to provide OWA as a stand-alone product Like much of SharePoint 2013, Office Web Apps have a number of new features as part of the new release Table 1-5 summarizes the enhancements and changes in OWA 11 www.it-ebooks.info Chapter 1 ■ SharePoint 2013 Overview... (IIS application) that provides management and configuration • A proxy to communicate with the service end point 14 www.it-ebooks.info Chapter 1 ■ SharePoint 2013 Overview and New Features New Service Applications With the Service Application Architecture recap out of the way, I shall now discuss some of the service applications that Microsoft added to SharePoint 2013 SharePoint 2013 includes three new... Settings services, open Central Administration and click the link for “Services on Server”; from here you can start each service, if not already started To create the managed service applications and proxies, first open a PowerShell window with the following steps: 1 Click the Start button 2 Click All Programs and then click Microsoft SharePoint 2013 Products 3 Click SharePoint 2013 Management Shell (this... www.it-ebooks.info Chapter 1 ■ SharePoint 2013 Overview and New Features Search SharePoint 2013 includes FAST as the default Enterprise Search offering, which meant redesigning the Search Service Application I cover search in much detail in Chapter 15 SharePoint 2013 offers a more robust version of the Managed Metadata Service (MMS) Application MMS now supports term properties; you can provide site navigation . and welcome to Pro SharePoint 2013 Administration. In the next sixteen chapters of this book, you will discover administration of the latest version of SharePoint. SharePoint administration. Click All Programs and then click Microsoft SharePoint 2013 Products. 3. Click SharePoint 2013 Management Shell (this loads PowerShell). 4. Type in the Cmdlet: Get-SPUserLicensing at the prompt. www.it-ebooks.info 1 Chapter 1 SharePoint 2013 Overview and New Features Hello, and welcome to SharePoint 2013. Microsoft has provided another great release of the SharePoint Server platform.