Chapter 4 lipid 2015817

Chuyển hóa lipid (degradation, catabolism) • Thủy phân • Oxy hóa khử sinh học • Các enzym thủy phân lipid: – Lipase – Phospholipase A,B,C,D • Các sản phẩm thủy phân: – Glycerol – Axit béo Entry of glycerol into the glycolytic pathway Chuyển hóa axit béo Chu trình -oxy hóa axit béo (Knoop) • Các axit béo mạch thẳng, số chẵn nguyên tử C • Các axit béo no • Các axit béo không no α -Oxy hóa • Oxy hóa axít béo số C lẻ Fatty acid beta oxidation CAPILLARY lipoproteins LPL FA FA albumin FA From fat cell FA MITOCHONDRION FABP FA FABP acyl-CoA FABP FA CYTOPLASM cell membrane A C S TCA cycle -oxidation acyl-CoA acetyl-CoA carnitine transporter FA = fatty acid LPL = lipoprotein lipase FABP = fatty acid binding protein ACS = acyl CoA synthetase Conversion of a fatty acid to an acyl-CoA β-Oxidation of Acyl-CoA to aceyl-CoA Steps in Beta Oxidation • Fatty Acid Activation by esterification with CoASH • Membrane Transport of Fatty Acyl CoA Esters • Carbon Backbone Reaction Sequence • • • • Dehydrogenation Hydration Dehydrogenation Thiolase Reaction (Carbon-Carbon Cleavage) Activation of Fatty Acids • Acyl CoA synthetase reaction occurs on the mitochondrial membrane 2.Transport into Mitochondrial Matrix • Carnitine carries long-chain activated fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix