integrating php with windows

www.it-ebooks.info www.it-ebooks.info Integrating PHP with Windows ® Arno Hollosi www.it-ebooks.info Published with the authorization of Microsoft Corporation by: O’Reilly Media, Inc. 1005 Gravenstein Highway North Sebastopol, California 95472 Copyright © 2011 by O’Reilly Verlag GmbH All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-7356-4791-6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 M 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed and bound in the United States of America. Microsoft Press books are available through booksellers and distributors worldwide. If you need support related to this book, email Microsoft Press Book Support at mspinput@microsoft.com. Please tell us what you think of this book at http://www.microsoft.com/learning/booksurvey. Microsoft and the trademarks listed at http://www.microsoft.com/about/legal/en/us/ IntellectualProperty/Trademarks/EN-US.aspx are trademarks of the Microsoft group of companies. All other marks are property of their respective owners. The example companies, organizations, products, domain names, email addresses, logos, people, places, and events depicted herein are ctitious. No association with any real company, organization, product, domain name, email address, logo, person, place, or event is intended or should be inferred. This book expresses the author’s views and opinions. The information contained in this book is provided without any express, statutory, or implied warranties. Neither the authors, O’Reilly Media, Inc., Microsoft Corporation, nor its resellers, or distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused either directly or indirectly by this book.  Russell Jones  Holly Bauer  Octal Publishing, Inc.  Lars Dekenno  Bob Russell  Julie Hawks  Twist Creative • Seattle  Karen Montgomery  Robert Romano  FH CAMPUS 02/Peter Melbinger www.it-ebooks.info    Contents at a Glance Part I   Setting Up the Work Environment                          3  IIS Architecture                                          19  Conguring IIS                                          41  Conguring PHP                                         61  Security                                                85  Caching                                               117  URL Rewrite                                            137  Error Messages and Error Search                          185 Part II   Setting Up SQL Server                                   201  Databases and Tables                                    225  Working with SQL Server                                253  PHP and SQL Server                                     279  Advanced Database Functions                            319  Users and Permissions                                   343 Part III   Setting Up Active Directory                              365  LDAP Basics                                            389  Searching in Active Directory                             413  Writing in Active Directory                               451 www.it-ebooks.info  Contents at a Glance Part IV   Setting Up Exchange Server                              479  Exchange Web Services                                  491  Email and Exchange Web Services Basics                   509  Contacts and Search                                    539  Calendar and Impersonation                             559 www.it-ebooks.info    Table of Contents Introduction                                                       xxi Part I   Setting Up the Work Environment                          3 Setting Up IIS                                                       4 Installing IIS by Using the Server Manager                        4 Installing from the Command Line                               6 Setting Up PHP                                                     6 Installing PHP                                                 6 Available PHP Modules                                         8 Conguring PHP in IIS                                               8 Conguring PHP by Using the IIS Manager                        9 Conguring PHP from the Command Line                       11 Installing by Using the Web Platform Installer                         12 Setting Up the Web PI                                         12 Setting Up IIS and PHP                                        13 Checking Your PHP Installation                                 14 Backing Up Your Conguration                                      14 A First Sample Application                                          15 Remote Access                                                    16 Summary                                                         18  IIS Architecture                                          19 Sites                                                              19 Setting Up a New Site                                         20 Adding Additional Bindings                                    24 Managing the Website                                        26 What do you think of this book? We want to hear from you! Microsoft is interested in hearing your feedback so we can continually improve our books and learning resources for you To participate in a brief online survey, please visit: microsoftcom/learning/booksurvey www.it-ebooks.info  Table of Contents Applications                                                       27 Paths and Folders                                             27 Setting Up a New Application                                  28 Changing Application Settings                                  29 Virtual Directories                                                 30 Setting Up a Virtual Directory by Using IIS Manager               30 Setting Up a Virtual Directory from the Command Line            31 HTTP Request Flow                                                 31 Request Flow Overview                                        32 Application Process Flow                                       33 Modules                                                          34 Application Pools                                                  35 Setting Up Application Pools by Using IIS Manager               35 Setting Up Application Pools from the Command Line             35 Application Pool Identity                                      36 FastCGI                                                           38 FastCGI vs CGI                                                38 FastCGI vs ISAPI                                              40 Summary                                                         40  Conguring IIS                                          41 Conguration Files                                                 42 Global Conguration                                          42 Distributed Conguration                                      42 Conguration Structure                                             43 Sections and Section Groups                                   44 Elements and Conguration Listings                            44 Moving and Binding Sections                                   45 The Conguration Editor                                       45 Schema and congSections                                          47 Conguring Paths by Using location                                  47 Conguring by Using IIS Manager                              48 Conguring from the Command Line                            49 Sites, Applications, and Directories                                   49 Sites                                                         50 Applications                                                  52 Virtual Directories                                            53 www.it-ebooks.info Table of Contents  Locking the Conguration                                          53 Locking with congSections                                    54 Locking and Unlocking with location                            54 Specifying Rights for Individual Settings                         56 Locking and Unlocking by Using IIS Manager                    58 Summary                                                         60  Conguring PHP                                         61 Installing PHP Manager                                             61 Conguring PHP                                                   63 Recognizing Conguration Changes                             63 Path and Host-Dependent Conguration in phpini               65 Conguring by Using userini                                  66 Specifying the Default Document                                    69 Specifying the Default Document by Using the IIS Manager        69 Specifying from the Command Line                             70 Dening Directly in the Conguration                           71 Request Limits                                                     71 Conguring by Using the IIS Manager                           72 Conguring from the Command Line                            73 Conguring Directly in the Conguration File                    73 Time Limits for Request Processing                                  74 PHP Limits                                                   74 FastCGI Limits                                                74 Session Storage and Temporary Files                                 75 Setting Up PHP Syntax Highlighting                                  76 Conguring Syntax Highlighting by Using the IIS Manager         76 Conguring from the Command Line                            78 Setting Up Different PHP Versions                                   78 Installing a New PHP Version                                   78 Conguring by Using the PHP Manager                         79 Conguring the Handler Assignment                            79 Conguring the FastCGI Application                             80 Testing                                                      81 Setting Up Different PHP Congurations                             83 Summary                                                         83 www.it-ebooks.info  Table of Contents  Security                                                85 Structuring the Application                                         86 Root Folder or Virtual Directory                                87 Specifying the Executable Files                                 89 PHP Conguration                                                 90 User Authentication                                                92 Installing the Required Role Services                            93 Setting Up User Authentication by Using IIS Manager             93 Setting Up User Authentication from the Command Line          94 Windows Authentication and Host Names                       94 Retrieving the Authentication in PHP                            95 Identity and Access Rights                                          96 Identity of the Application Pool                                96 Path Logon Information                                       97 Specifying the Identity of the Anonymous User                   97 Securing the PHP Application                                  98 Authorization Rules                                                98 Installing the Required Role Services                            99 Dening the Rules by Using IIS Manager                         99 Dening the Rules from the Command Line                     100 Request Filter                                                    101 Dening General Settings                                     102 Filtering File Name Extensions                                 106 Filtering with Rules                                           107 Encrypted Connections (HTTPS)                                    109 Creating Keys and Certicates                                 109 Setting up an Encrypted Connection                           110 Authentication with Client Certicates                          114 Summary                                                        115  Caching                                               117 Caching in the Web                                               117 Caching for a Limited Time                                    118 Mutable Contents                                            120 Caching Conditions                                          122 Specifying the Headers with IIS                                123 www.it-ebooks.info [...]... supporting PHP in its own products, and is now explicitly incorporating PHP into its development strategy, thus promoting interoperability with the Windows platform Thanks to the recent efforts by the Windows PHP team, including Pierre Joye, Ruslan Yakushev, and others, the combination of IIS and PHP is now faster, more stable, more secure, and easier to manage than ever These efforts—FastCGI, WinCache, PHP. .. new drivers for SQL Server, the integration with Microsoft’s Web Platform Installer (Web PI), as well as development aids for Windows Azure, Virtual Earth, Webslices, Silverlight, and SQL Server (just to name a few)—make PHP development on Windows an enjoyable and productive experience Combined with the ever-improving interoperability of Microsoft’s products, PHP is ready for just about every task in... Introduction PHP has changed the world: no other language has influenced and spurred web development so strongly From simple home pages to social software and business applications to the largest global websites, PHP has played a leading role for years Simultaneously, Microsoft and its Windows operating system has made computers available to all households Along with Internet Information Services (IIS) for Windows. .. the PHP_ sample_code.zip file www.it-ebooks.info xxvi Introduction Using the Code Samples The folder created by extracting the zip file contains two subfolders ■ Listings  This folder contains all of the listings sorted by chapter, as they appear in the book The listings are UTF-8 encoded, without a byte-order mark (BOM) at the beginning The filename suffix indicates the content: * .php PHP script or PHP. .. tool that ships with Windows Server 2008 for managing optional Windows features It replaces the older sysocmgr.exe tool Important  You need administrator rights to perform this procedure By default under Windows Server 2008, only the integrated administrator account has these rights Other user accounts do not—even if they belong to the administrator group 1 Open a command prompt window with administrator... containing some welcome text Setting Up PHP After you have successfully installed IIS, you can install PHP and configure it for use with IIS Again, you’ll see how to configure PHP via the IIS Manager application as well as from the command line Only experienced users should use the command-line version; typically you’d use it when there’s no graphic interface (such as under Windows Server 2008 R2 Core edition)... there’s no graphic interface (such as under Windows Server 2008 R2 Core edition) or when you want to automate the installation with a script Installing PHP 1 In Internet Explorer or another browser, open the website http:/ /windows .php. net/ download/ 2 Download the current PHP version 5.3.x (as of this book’s printing, the latest version is 5.3.8) as a zip file Choose the zip file from the VC9 x86... http://go.microsoft.com/FWLink/?Linkid=229620 Follow the instructions to download the PHP_ sample_code.zip file Installing the Code Samples Follow these steps to install the code samples on your computer so that you can use them with the exercises in this book 1 Unzip the PHP_ sample_code.zip file that you downloaded from the book’s website (name a specific directory along with directions to create it, if necessary) 2 If prompted,... manage users in Active Directory with Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), or use Windows credentials to provide seamless authentication of your users, PHP is up to the task In addition, Microsoft provides extensive developer documentation on its MSDN developer network and on TechNet, which leaves few common questions unanswered Also, several of Microsoft’s core PHP developers share valuable... conversation going! We’re on Twitter: http://twitter.com/MicrosoftPress Contacting the Author PHP, Windows, and accompanying technologies are constantly being developed and improved If you have ideas or remarks that you would like to share, or have had noteworthy experiences while programming Microsoft technologies with PHP, I would like to hear from you Criticism is welcome, as well You can reach me by email . www.it-ebooks.info www.it-ebooks.info Integrating PHP with Windows ® Arno Hollosi www.it-ebooks.info Published with the authorization of Microsoft Corporation by: O’Reilly.                   225  Working with SQL Server                                253  PHP and SQL Server                 .            6 Setting Up PHP                                                     6 Installing PHP               