© ISO 2016 Tissue paper and tissue products — Part 5 Determination of wet tensile strength Papier tissue et produits tissue — Partie 5 Détermination de la résistance à la rupture par traction à l’état[.]
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12625-5 Second edition 2016-12-01 Tissue paper and tissue products — Part 5: Determination of wet tensile strength Papier tissue et produits tissue — Partie 5: Détermination de la résistance la rupture par traction l’état humide Reference number ISO 12625-5:2016(E) I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n © ISO 2016 ISO 12625-5:2016(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved Unless otherwise specified, no part o f this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country o f the requester ISO copyright o ffice Ch de Blandonnet • CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyright@iso.org www.iso.org ii I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n ISO 12625-5:2016(E) Contents Page Foreword iv Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Principle Apparatus Conditioning Preparation 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 Procedure 8.1 8.2 8.3 General Accelerated ageing (curing) Dimensions 7.3.1 Vertical testing apparatus 7.3.2 Horizontal testing apparatus Number of test pieces Calibration and adjustment of the testing apparatus Vertical test method 8.2.1 Mounting the Finch Cup soaking device 8.2.2 Measurement Horizontal test method 8.3.1 Measurement Calculation 9.1 9.2 9.3 General Wet tensile strength Wet tensile strength retention 10 10 Test report 10 Annex A (informative) Precision 11 Bibliography 15 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n iii ISO 12625-5:2016(E) Foreword I SO (the I nternational O rganiz ation for Standardiz ation) is a worldwide federation of national s tandards bodies (ISO member bodies) The work o f preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has b een es tablished has the right to b e represented on that committee I nternational organi zation s , governmental and non- governmental, in liaison with I SO, al so take p ar t in the work ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters o f elec trotechnical s tandardi z ation T he procedures used to develop this cument and those intended for its fur ther maintenance are describ ed in the I SO/I E C D irec tives , Par t I n p ar ticu lar the different approval criteria needed for the di fferent types o f ISO documents should be noted This document was dra fted in accordance with the editorial ru les of the I SO/I E C D irec tives , Par t (see www iso org/direc tives) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o f the elements o f this document may be the subject o f patent rights ISO shall not be held responsible for identi fying any or all such patent rights Details o f any patent rights identified during the development o f the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the I SO l is t of p atent declarations received (see www iso org/p atents) Any trade name used in this document is in formation given for the convenience o f users and does not cons titute an endors ement For an explanation on the meaning o f ISO specific terms and expressions related to formity assessment, as well as information about I SO ’s adherence to the World Trade O rganization ( WTO) principles in the Technical B arriers to Trade (TB T ) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword html This document was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Pulp, paper and board, in col lab oration with I SO Technical C ommittee TC , Paper, board and pulps, Sub committee SC , Test methods and quality specifications for paper and board, C ommittee C E N/ TC 172 , in accordance with the Agreement on technical co op eration b etween I S O and C E N ( Vienna Agreement) This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12625-5:2005), which has been technically revised with the following changes: a) in C laus e 7, a more detai led descrip tion of the prep aration of the tes t pieces was included; b) in C laus e c) in C laus e 10 , additional in formation is to b e included in the tes t rep or t; d) more detai led precis ion data in Annex A; , the procedure for measurement was clarified; e) this document has been editorially updated A lis t of al l p ar ts in the I SO 62 series can b e found on the I SO web s ite iv I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12625-5:2016(E) Tissue paper and tissue products — Part 5: Determination of wet tensile strength Scope T h i s c u ment s p e ci fie s a te s t me tho d for the de term i nation o f the we t ten s i le s treng th o f ti s s ue p ap er and tissue products after soaking with water, using a tensile-strength-testing apparatus operating with a constant rate of elongation Cu rrently, two typ e s o f ten s i le - s treng th-te s ti ng the te s t pie ce i s p o s itione d ver tic a l ly a nd, for app a ratu s a re com merc ia l ly avai lable , one the o ther, hori z onta l ly T h i s c ument appl ie s where for b o th For vertical tensile-strength-testing apparatus, a device which is held in the lower grip of the tensilestrength-testing apparatus, called a Finch Cup, is used to achieve the wetting For horizontal tensilestrength-testing apparatus, the soaking device is placed between the clamps In cases where impurities and contraries have to be determined, ISO 15755 [6] applies for these detections in tissue paper and tissue products Normative references T he fol lowi ng c u ments are re ferre d to i n the tex t i n s uch a way th at s ome or a l l o f thei r content s titute s re qu i rements o f th i s c u ment For date d re ference s , on ly the e d ition cite d appl ie s For u ndate d re ference s , the late s t e d ition o f the re ference d c ument (i nclud i ng a ny amend ments) appl ie s ISO 186, Paper and board — Sampling to determine average quality ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps — Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples ISO 1924-2, Paper and board — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Constant rate of elongation method (20 mm/min) ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system Terms and definitions ISO 12625-1 f ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/ — ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp For the purp oses o f this cument, the terms and definitions given in and the ol lowing apply 3.1 wet tensile strength maximum tensile force per unit width that a test piece soaked with water will withstand before breaking in a tensile test N o te to entr y: T he we t ten s i le s treng th i s e xp re s s e d i n ne w ton s p er me tre ( N/m) © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n ISO 12625-5:2016(E) 3.2 wet-tensile-strength retention ratio, expres sed as a p ercentage, of the tens ile s trength of the wet tes t piece to the tens i le s trength of a di fferent test piece from the same sample in the dry, conditioned state Note to entry: According to ISO 187 Principle A tes t piece of tis s ue p ap er or tis s ue produc t of given dimens ions , so aked in water for a given p erio d of time under specified conditions, is stretched (elongated) to break at a constant rate o f elongation, using a tens ile -s trength-tes ting app aratus that meas ures and records the tens i le force as a func tion of the elongation of the tes t piece The test can be carried out by a vertical or a horizontal tensile-strength-testing apparatus I n order to wet the tes t pieces for a ver tical tens i le- s trength-tes ting app aratus , a device cal led a Finch Cup, which is held to the lower clamp, is used For a horizontal tens i le- s trength-tes ting app aratus , a soaking cup is inser ted b etween the clamps From the wet tensile strength and the tensile strength o f the same sample in the dry conditioned state, the wet-tens i le-s trength retention can b e calcu lated P recis ion data are avai lable in Annex A Apparatus 5.1 Vertical tensile-strength-testing apparatus 5.1.1 Tensile-strength-testing apparatus T he tens i le- s trength-tes ting app aratus shal l b e in accordance with I S O 192 -2 It is cap able of s tretching a tes t piece of tis s ue p ap er or tis s ue pro duc t of given dimens ions at a cons tant rate of elongation of (5 ± ) mm/min, and recording the tens i le force as a func tion of elongation on a s trip char t recorder or any equivalent device The force-measuring system shall measure loads with an accuracy o f ±1 % o f the reading or ±0,1 N, whichever is greater, and shall be calibrated and verified according to the requirements o f ISO 7500-1 5.1.2 Tensile-testing apparatus clamps T he tens i le- s trength-tes ting app aratus (5 1) shal l have an upp er clamp with a minimum of mm width, for holding both ends o f the test piece firmly and without slippage To avoid damaging the test pieces , the clamp s urfaces that touch the pieces shou ld b e s mo oth and have rounded edges , i e free from burrs T he lower clamp shal l b e des igned to grip the Finch Cup so aking device (5 ) firmly The clamp s shal l have means for adj us ting the clamping force D uring the tes t, the upp er clamping line and the Finch Cup soaking device (5 ) rod shal l b e p aral lel to each other They shall also be perpendicular to the direction o f the applied tensile force and to the length a xis of the tes t piece T he dis tance b etween A and B is the total s p an length and shal l b e (10 ± 1) mm T he dis tance b etween A and B divided by two is the test span length and shall be (50 ± 1) mm I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) Dimensions in millimetres Key A clamping line on one end of the test piece B clamping line on the other end of the test piece Figure — Positioning of a tes t piece Finch Cup soaking device A Finch Cup soaking device (see Figure ) s i s ts o f a s upp or t s ys tem th at hold s a hori z onta l c yl i nd ric a l ro d o f (5 , ± ,1) m m d i ame ter, and approxi mately m m leng th, and a water contai ner T he water contai ner s l l b e s tr uc te d s uch that it c an b e move d ver tic a l ly and lo cke d i n a i s e d p o s ition In the lo cke d i s e d p o s ition, the water in the conta i ner sh a l l comple tely s u rround the c yl i nd ric a l ro d wh ich i s thereby i m mers e d i n the l iqu id to a dep th o f (2 ± 1) m m, as i nd ic ate d i n Figure P roj e c ti ng downward s , from the b o ttom o f the device, i s a rigid me ta l tongue b y me an s o f wh ich the device can be held in the lower clamp of the tensile-strength-testing apparatus © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n ISO 12625-5:2016(E) D imensions in millimetres Key liquid level mark p ositioning groove rod, water container (movab le) tongue d (5 ,0 ± ,1 ) mm Figure — Finch Cup soaking device (example) 5.2 Horizontal tensile-strength-testing apparatus 5.2.1 Tensile-strength-testing apparatus T he tens i le- s trength-tes ting app aratus shal l b e in accordance with I S O 192 -2 It is cap able of s tretching a tes t piece of tis s ue p ap er or tis s ue pro duc t of given dimens ions at a cons tant rate of elongation of (5 ± ) m m/m i n, a nd re cord i ng the ten s i le force as a fu nc tion o f elongation on a s trip cha r t or any equivalent device T he force -me as u ri ng s ys tem sha l l me as u re lo ad s with a n acc u rac y o f ±1 % o f the re ad i ng or ± ,1 N , wh ichever i s gre ater I t s l l b e ca l ibrate d and veri fie d to fi rm the re qu i rements o f I S O 75 0 -1 5.2.2 Tensile-testing apparatus clamps T he tens i le- s trength-tes ting app aratus shal l have two clamps for holding the tes t piece E ach clamp sha l l b e de s igne d to grip the te s t pie ce fi rm ly a long a s tra ight l i ne ac ro s s the without c au s i ng any damage, and s l l have me an s for fu l l adj u s ti ng the cl ampi ng width o f the te s t pie ce, force T he table b e twe en the clamp s shal l b e removable D uring the tes t, the clamping l ines shal l b e p aral lel to each other within an angle of 1° T he clamping lines shal l b e p erp endicu lar to the direc tion of the applied tens i le force and to the longes t dimens ion of the te s t pie ce to the s ame level o f acc urac y T he dis tance b etween the clamping lines (i e the tes t s p an length) shal l b e adj us ted to (10 ± 1) mm, excep t that a te s t s p a n leng th o f (5 ± 1) m m s l l b e u s e d for fi n i s he d p ap er pro duc ts o f wh ich one or b o th o f the d i men s ion s i s i n s u ffic ient to provide a te s t pie ce o f the leng th re qu i re d i n I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) Soaking device A soaking device can be inserted between the clamps of the tensile-strength-testing apparatus (5.2.2), as shown in Figure The soaking device may be equipped with a device that, between the measurements, will adjust the water to a constant level Cutting device The cutting device shall be capable o f repeatedly cutting test pieces (50,0 ± 0,5) mm wide and at least 150 mm in length, with undamaged, straight, smooth and parallel edges Conditioning Condition the samples according to ISO 187 and keep them in the standard atmosphere throughout the test Conditioning shall be done prior to the preparation of test pieces Preparation 7.1 General If the tests are being made to evaluate a lot, the sample shall be selected in accordance with ISO 186 7.1 I f the tests are being made on another type o f sample, make sure that the specimens taken are representative o f the sample Each test piece shall be free from per forations and faults not normally inherent to the tissue Handling of wet samples shall be avoided For converted tissue products, testing shall be done on the product as received, regardless of suitable for use as a test piece 7.1 the number o f plies which are supplied as a product unit Generally, a single finished product sheet is 7.1 Tissue that has not been converted into a finished product shall be tested as a single ply, unless otherwise agreed between the parties concerned 7.2 Accelerated ageing (curing) The wet strength o f tissue paper is frequently enhanced by addition o f a wet strength agent An accelerated ageing with heat, also called curing, is frequently used to develop the maximum wet strength 7.2 that a tissue paper or tissue product will achieve after a period of natural ageing at ambient conditions, which may vary from a few days to several weeks based on the wet strength agent used NOTE The decision o f whether or not to use accelerated ageing will be determined by the user o f this document, based upon the information about the tissue paper or tissue product sample being tested Accelerated ageing is not a requirement of this document, but is an allowed option There is no rule for determining whether to rapid age or not, but the following principles are generally applied 7.2 Production test pieces which have not le ft the manufacturing environment are generally rapid aged To rapid age a tissue paper or tissue product, it is recommended to heat it in an oven at (80 ± 2) °C © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) or 30 After heating, condition the test piece in a standard atmosphere at (23 ± 1) °C and (50 ± 2) % relative humidity for at least h prior to testing f For production inspections where data shall be available quickly, accelerated ageing conditions o f (105 ± 2) °C for 15 may be used Test pieces which have been delivered into the marketing chain, and especially those available or sale to the ultimate consumer, are generally not aged 7.2 f It shall be understood that the wet strength o f test pieces a fter accelerated ageing may be di fferent than that which will be experienced by the end user o f the product The test report shall state whether the test piece is rapid aged or not and, i f so, by what procedure 7.3 Dimensions 7.3 Vertical testing apparatus Each test piece shall be (50,0 ± 0,5) mm in width and at least 150 mm in length For finished tissue product items o f very short dimensions, cut the longest test piece possible and reduce the distance b etween the top edge of the ro d of the Finch Cup so aking device and the b ottom edge of the upp er clamp of the tens i le- s trength-tes ting app aratus from (43 , ± ,0) mm to (2 , ± , 0) m m 7.3 Horizontal testing apparatus Cut test pieces o f (50,0 ± 0,5) mm width and, pre ferably, approximately 150 mm length, avoiding p erforations and fau lts I f the s p ecimens are so s mal l that tes t pieces of mm length cannot b e ob tained, c ut tes t pieces as long as the s p ecimens al low and, when tes ting these tes t pieces , use the ma ximum tes t s p an that can b e us ed with secure clamping T he tes t s p an shal l b e rep or ted [see C lause 10 e)] 7.4 Number of test pieces Take at leas t 10 s p ecimens from each s ample of tis s ue pro duc t From each s p ecimen, cut one tes t piece in the machine direc tion and one tes t piece in the cros s direc tion, making a total of at leas t tes t pieces from each s ample of tis s ue p ap er or tis s ue produc t 8.1 Procedure Calibration and adj ustment of the testing apparatus Ensure that the tensile-strength-testing apparatus is calibrated and verified in accordance with the requirements of I SO 75 0 -1 C heck that the clamp s are al igned to meet the requirements in Pos ition the clamp s s uch that the tes t s p an is (10 ± 1) mm Adj us t the rate of elongation (the rate of sep aration of the clamp s) to , respectively Adjust the clamping force in such a way that the test piece does not slip or su ffer damage during the test (5 ± ) mm/min or the adap ted dimens ion, i f required, as s tated in or in I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) 8.2 Vertical test method 8.2 Mounting the Finch Cup soaking device With the rod of the Finch Cup soaking device in a horizontal position, clamp the Finch Cup soaking device with its rigid tongue projecting from the button of the device in the lower clamp of the tensilestrength-testing apparatus Pre-set the distance between the top edge of the rod of the Finch Cup soaking device and the bottom edge of the upper clamp of the tensile-strength-testing apparatus at (43,5 ± 1,0) mm In this case, the total test span length o f a dry test piece looped under the rod will be (100 ± 1) mm Hal f this distance is regarded as the test span length In the case o f very short specimens, this distance may be reduced to (23,5 ± 1,0) mm (see 7.3.1) 8.2 Measurement 8.2 Wet tensile strength Place the water container in its bottom position and fill it up to the mark with distilled or deionized water at (23 ± 1) °C Dry finch rod thoroughly and any other part that may come into contact with the test pieces Insert the dry test piece horizontally under the dry rod, bend it around the rod, creating a loop, and clamp the two ends of the test piece in the upper clamp of the tensile-strength-testing apparatus as shown in Figure Ensure that both ends o f the looped test piece are held by the clamp, tightened without causing damage, while avoiding slippage during the test Align the test piece as parallel as possible to the pulling direction and initiate the test Raise the water container until it locks in its upper position, thereby immersing the looped end o f the test piece to a depth of at least 20 mm below the initial water level Immediately start a stopwatch A fter soaking for 15 s, lower the water container to its lowest position Then, immediately initiate the tensile test Determine the wet tensile strength of the wet test piece at an elongation rate of (50 ± 2) mm/min Record all readings, except if the test piece breaks on the rod of the Finch Cup soaking device or within mm of the clamping line of the upper clamp, until 10 valid results are available for each direction I f more than 20 % o f the test pieces cut from a particular specimen break with mm from the clamping line or on the rod, reject all the readings obtained for that specimen Inspect the apparatus for formity with the specifications and take the appropriate remedial measures A fter each test, wipe dry the horizontal rod o f the Finch Cup soaking device be fore attaching the next test piece After each test, top up the water container with distilled or deionized water After each set of samples, clean and refill the water container 8.2 2 Wet-tensile-strength retention I f the wet-tensile-strength retention is to be determined, remove the water from the soaking cup Dry the finch rod thoroughly and any other part that may come into contact with the test pieces Measure the dry tensile strength o f the conditioned test pieces as described in this document © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) 8.3 Horizontal test method 8.3 8.3 1 Measurement Wet tensile strength Remove the table between the clamps of the tensile-strength-testing apparatus (5.2 2) and place the soaking device (5.2 3) between the clamps Fill the soaking device with distilled or deionized water of (23 ± 1) °C For tensile-strength-testing apparatus in which the soaking procedure is accomplished manually, place a test piece in the testing position, as shown in Figure Push the ends of the test piece towards each other so that the middle region of the test piece dips into the water in the soaking device as in Figure Allow the test piece to soak in the soaking device for 15 s Gently pull the ends o f the test piece away from each other, so that the test piece is li fted from the soaking bath Place the test piece in its original position and clamp the test piece, as indicated in Figure Start the wet tensile strength testing Record the wet tensile force, , in newtons F I f the soaking procedure is accomplished automatically, set the soaking time to 15 s, insert the test piece as indicated in Figure , clamp the test piece and follow the instructions given by the manu facturer o f the testing apparatus Record the wet tensile force, F, in newtons Record all readings, except if the test piece breaks within mm of the clamping line, until 10 valid results are available for each direction After each test, top up the water container with distilled or deionized water A fter each set o f samples, clean and refill the water container NOTE I f the volume o f the soaking device is su fficiently small, such that the water has been successively renewed during the test series, it is not necessary to change the water a fter each set o f 10 test pieces Key clamps test piece Figure — The two clamps, the soaking device filled with water and the test piece inserted between the two clamps Key upper clamp lower clamp Figure — Immersion of tes t piece in the water I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n ISO 12625-5:2016(E) Key upper clamp lower clamp Figure — The wet test piece is clamped and the wet tensile strength testing is started 8.3.1.2 Wet-tensile-strength retention If the wet-tensile-strength retention is to be determined, remove the soaking device and replace it with the table D r y the table a nd the cla mp s thorough ly and any o ther p ar t th at may come i nto contac t with the te s t pie ce s Me a s u re the d r y ten s i le s treng th o f the cond itione d te s t pie ce s as de s crib e d i n th i s document Calculation 9.1 General C a lc u l ate and rep or t the re s u lts s ep arately for the mach i ne and c ro s s d i re c tion s From the recorded values of the testing apparatus, calculate the mean maximum tensile force, F, of the wet test pieces, in newtons, and then the mean wet tensile strength For vertical testing apparatus, use Formula (1) and for horizontal testing apparatus, use Formula (2): F (1) F =F (2) F= where F F is the recorded value of the tensile force of the testing apparatus, in newtons (N); is the mean maximum tensile force, in newtons (N) 9.2 Wet tensile strength Calculate the mean maximum tensile force, F , of the wet test pieces, in newtons, and then the mean wet tensile strength from Formula (3): S= F ì 10 wi â ISO 2016 – All rights reserved I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n (3) ISO 12625-5:2016(E) where S is the mean wet tens i le s trength, in newtons p er metre (N/m) ; F is the mean ma ximum tens i le force, in newtons (N ) ; wi is the initial width, in mi l limetres , of the tes t piece (s tandard mm) Rep or t the me an we t ten s i le s treng th o f the te s t pie ce s , i n new ton s p er me tre (N/m) , to th re e s ign i fic a nt figu re s 9.3 Wet tensile strength retention C alcu late the wet-tens ile-s trength retention from Formu la (4) : SR = 100 × S (4) SD where SR i s the me an ten s i le s treng th re tention, a s a p ercentage (%) ; S is the mean wet tens i le s trength, in newtons p er metre (N/m) ; SD i s the me an ten s i le s treng th o f the te s t pie ce i n the d r y cond itione d s tate, in newtons p er metre (N/m) Rep or t the we t-ten s i le - s treng th re tention o f the te s t pie ce s , a s a p ercentage, to two s ign i fic ant figu re s 10 Test report T he tes t rep or t shal l include the fol lowing information: a) a reference to this cument, i e I S O 62 -5; b) the date and place of tes ting; c) the typ e o f te s ti ng device ( hori z onta l or ver tic a l) ; d) the de s c rip tion a nd identi fic ation o f the s ample (for example, pro duc t c ategor y, d ate and place o f s ampl ing) ; e) the tes t s p an used; f) the numb er of s ingle values used to calcu late the wet tens i le s trength; g) the mean wet tens i le s trength, in the machine and cros s direc tions , in newtons p er metre (N/m) , to th re e s ign i fic ant figu re s; h) the s tand ard devi ation or co e ffic ient o f va riation to two s igni fic a nt figure s; i) if required, wet-tens i le- s trength retention as a p ercentage; j) whether the tes t piece was rapid aged and under what condition s; k) any devi ation from th i s c u ment and any o ther c i rc u m s tance s that may have a ffe c te d the te s t res ults; l) 10 the conditioning atmos phere used I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) Annex A (informative) Precision A.1 General I n 02 , an i nternationa l i nterlab orator y te s t was p er forme d on five conver te d ti s s ue pro duc ts b y 11 laboratories according to this document Six laboratories were equipped with a horizontal tensile te s ter, five were e quipp e d with a ver tic a l ten s i le te s ter Ti s s ue pro duc ts were a s s e s s e d on b o th typ e s o f dyna mome ters and re s u lts a re rep or te d s ep arately for Table A.1 to Table A.8 The calculations were made according to ISO/TR 24498 [7] and TAPPI T 1200 sp-07[8] Table A.1 deviation, that is, the standard deviation is calculated as the root-mean-square of the standard f ff f f in ISO 5725-1[3] e ach typ e o f i n s tr ument S e e T he rep e atabi l ity s tand ard deviation s o devi ation rep or te d in the p ar tic ip ati ng l ab oratorie s T h i s d i is ers the “p o ole d” rep e atabi l ity s tandard rom the conventiona l defi nition o rep e atabi l ity T he rep e atabi l ity a nd repro duc ibi l ity l i m its rep or te d a re e s ti mate s o f the ma xi mum d i fference wh ich should be expected in 19 of 20 instances, when comparing two test results for material similar to those de s c rib e d u nder s i m i la r te s t cond ition s T he s e e s ti mate s may no t b e va l id for d i fferent materi a l s or d i fferent te s t cond ition s Rep e atabi l ity and repro duc ibi l ity l i m its a re c a lc u l ate d b y mu ltiplyi ng the rep e atabi l ity and repro ducibi l ity s tandard devi ation s b y ,7 NO TE T he rep e atab i l ity s ta nda rd de vi atio n a nd the with i n-l ab orator y s ta nd a rd de vi ation a re identic a l H owe ver, the rep ro duc ib i l ity s ta nda rd de viation i s no t the s a me a s b e twe en-l ab orator ie s s ta nda rd de vi atio n T he rep ro duc ib i l ity s ta nd a rd de vi ation i nclude s b o th the b e twe en-l ab orator ie s s ta nd a rd de vi ation a nd the s ta nd a rd de viation with i n a l ab orato r y, vi z : s repeatability = s but s reproducibility NO TE 2 ,7 within lab = = 2 + s between lab s within lab ,9 √2 , p rovide d th at the te s t re s u lts deviation, s, is based on a large number of tests © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n h ave a nor m a l d i s tr ibution a nd th at the s ta nd a rd 11 ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) A.2 Wet tensile strength A.2 Horizontal wet tensile strength machine direction Table A.1 — Repeatability results o f an interlaboratory test by qualified laboratories (horizontal wet machine direction) S ample Number of Mean horizontal Repeatability laboratories wet tensile s trength s tandard coe fficient deviation of variation sr CV, r A1 B1 D1 E1 E2 a 4a 6 4a N/m 149 44,3 84,5 187 172 Repeatability % N/m 8,2 2,5 5,4 14 7,7 5,5 5,7 6,4 7,5 4,5 Repeatability limit r N/m 23 7,0 15 14 21 Two outliers Table A.2 — Reproducibility results o f an interlaboratory test by qualified laboratories (horizontal wet machine direction) S ample Number of Mean horizontal Reproducibility laboratories wet tensile s trength s tandard coe fficient deviation of variation sR CV, R A1 B1 D1 E1 E2 a 4a 6 4a N/m 149 44,3 84,5 187 172 N/m 9,8 3,2 6,1 16 9,0 Reproducibility % 6,6 7,2 7,2 8,5 5,2 Reproducibility limit R N/m 27 8,9 17 44 25 Two outliers A.2 Horizontal wet tensile strength cross direction Table A.3 — Repeatability results o f an interlaboratory test by qualified laboratories (horizontal wet cross direction) S ample Number of Mean horizontal Repeatability laboratories wet tensile s trength s tandard coe fficient deviation of variation sr CV, r A1 B1 D1 E1 E2 a 12 One outlier I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n 5a 6 N/m 66,8 22,0 34,0 82,4 88,6 N/m 2,9 1,1 2,1 7,8 3,2 Repeatability % 4,4 5,1 6,1 9,5 3,7 Repeatability limit r N/m 8,1 3,1 5,7 22 9,0 ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) T a b l e A — R e p r o d u c i b i l i t y r e s u l t s o f a n i n t e r l a b o r a t o r y t e s t b y q u a l i f i e d l a b o r a t o r i e s (horizontal wet cross direction) S ample Mean horizontal Reproducibility wet tensile s trength s tandard A1 B1 D1 E1 E2 A.2 a b l Reproducibility c o e f f i c i e n Reproducibility limit t deviation of variation sR CV, R N/m 66,8 22,0 34,0 82,4 88,6 5a 6 One outlier a T Number of laboratories R % 7,4 25 8,6 17 4,9 N/m 5,0 5,5 2,9 14 4,3 N/m 14 15 8,1 39 12 Vertical wet tensile strength machine direction e A — R e p e a t a b i l i t y r e s u l t s o f a n i n t e r l a b o r a t o r y t e s t b y q u a l i f i e d l a b o r a t o r i e s ( v e r t i c a l wet machine direction) S ample a b Number of Mean vertical Repeatability laboratories wet tensile s trength s tandard A1 B1 D1 E1 E2 One outlier Two outliers T a b l e A — R e p r o d u c i b i l i t y r e s u l c o e s o f a n i n t f i c i e n limit sr CV, r e r l a b o r Repeatability t of variation r % 7,4 5,2 6,6 8,7 9,7 N/m 10 2,0 5,7 15 14 t f deviation N/m 142 38,6 87,1 175 147 3b 4a Repeatability a t o r y t e s t b y q u N/m 29 5,5 16 42 40 a l i f i e d l a b o r a t o r i e s (vertical wet machine direction) S ample A1 B1 D1 E1 E2 Number of Mean vertical Reproducibility laboratories wet tensile s trength s tandard a One outlier b Two outliers 3b 4a © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n N/m 142 38,6 87,1 175 147 Reproducibility c o e f f i c i e n t deviation of variation sR CV, R N/m 17 2,7 10 15 40 % 12 7,1 12 8,6 27 Reproducibility limit R N/m 48 7,6 28 42 110 13 ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) A.2 T a b l Vertical wet tensile strength cross direction e A — R e p e a t a b i l i t y r e s u l t s o f a n i n t e r l a b o r a t o r y t e s t b y q u a l i f i e d l a b o r a t o r i e s ( v e r t i c a l wet cross direction) S ample Number of Mean vertical Repeatability laboratories wet tensile s trength s tandard A1 B1 D1 E1 E2 c o e f f i c i e n Repeatability limit t deviation of variation sr CV, r N/m 66,8 18,0 36,6 82,8 91,5 4a 4a 4a Repeatability r % N/m 3,5 0,90 1,9 7,1 3,8 N/m 9,7 2,5 5,2 20 10 5,3 5,0 5,1 8,6 4,1 One outlier a T a b l e A — R e p r o d u c i b i l i t y r e s u l t s o f a n i n t e r l a b o r a t o r y t e s t b y q u a l i f i e d l a b o r a t o r i e s (vertical wet cross direction) S ample Number of Mean vertical Reproducibility laboratories wet tensile s trength s tandard A1 B1 D1 E1 E2 a 14 One outlier I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n 4a 4a 4a N/m 66,8 18,0 36,6 82,8 91,5 Reproducibility c o e f f i c i e n t deviation of variation sR CV, R N/m 4,1 1,6 2,7 10 7,1 % 6,2 8,7 7,4 13 7,7 Reproducibility limit R N/m 12 4,4 7,5 29 20 ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) Bibliography [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] ISO 287, Paper and board — Determination of moisture content of a lot — Oven-drying method ISO 638, Paper, board and pulps — Determination of dry matter content — Oven-drying method ISO 5725-1, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results — Part 1: General principles and definitions ISO 12625-1, Tissue paper and tissue products — Part 1: General guidance on terms ISO 12625-4, Tissue paper and tissue products — Part 4: Determination of tensile strength, stretch at break and tensile energy absorption ISO 15755, Paper and board — Estimation of contraries ISO/TR 24498, Paper, board and pulps — Estimation of uncertainty for test methods TAPPI T 1200 sp-07, Interlaboratory Evaluation of Test Methods to Determine TAPPI Repeatability and Reproducibility © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n 15 ISO 62 -5 : 01 6(E) I CS 85 60 Price based on 15 pages © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved I n tern ati o n al Org an i z ati o n fo r S tan d ard i z ati o n