I n tern ati o n al I N TE R N ATI O N AL O R G AN I ZATI ON FOR S TAN D AR D I ZATl ON M E WYH AP O fl H AR C ro ss- co u n try s ki s C ycl i c te st S ki s de Fi rst U DC l o ad i n g - fon d ed i ti on D h te rm i n a ti on d es - 84-08-01 685 63 : 620 78 D e scri pto rs : sports e q u i pm e n t, ski s, i n d i ce s 779 S tan d ard fl C TAH j J AP TM A~ M M O R G AN l S ATl O N D eterm i n ati o n - de OP rAH M A~ M R fati g u e - E s s en fl e xi on of I N TE R N ATI O N ALE fati g u e cou n try ski s, te sts, fati g u e tests, N OR M ALI S ATI ON i n d e xe s - al te r&e Ref cross DE be n d tests, cycl i c l o ad s, te st N o I S0 779 849 84 (E ) e q u i pm e n t P ri ce base d on pag e s Fo reword I S0 ( th e n ati o n al I n te rn ati o n al s tan d ard s S tan d ard s i n te re s te d ri g h t to an d is in be carri e d a s u bj e ct D raft th e I S0 Spo rts fo r S tan d ard an d th at bo d i e s ) I S0 l i s o n wi th by b e fo re is wo rk al s o th e th e i r a wo rl d wi d e of h as take E ve ry been te ch n i cal in th e m e m be r au th o ri z e d It ap p ro ve d be e n th e g o ve rn m e n tal are I n te rn ati o n al I S0 79 was by th e d e ve l o p e d an d eq u i pm en t, m e m ber was bo d i e s of by Tech n i cal ci rcu l ate d th e to ci rcu l ate d to S tan d ard s by fo l l o wi n g C o m m i ttee th e G e rm an y, I ndia S we d e n E g ypt, Arab R e p of S o u th Afri ca, I tal y S wi tz e rl an d Fi n l an d J ap an U SS R Fran ce P o l an d m em be r bod y I n tern ati on al S wi tz e rl an d e xp re s s e d Org an i zati o n d i s appro val for of th e Stan d ard i zati on , d o cu m e n t 984 bo d i e s 83, in co u n tri e s : C z e ch o s l o vaki a F R I S O/TC m e m be r Au s tri a in bod y h as wo rk co m m i ttee s as of I n te rn ati o n al o rg an i z ati o n s , p art acce p tan ce fe d e rati o n d e ve l o pi n g co m m i ttee s co m m i ttee I n te rn ati o n al I S O, ad o pte d Th e te ch n i cal a te ch n i cal co m m i ttee app ro val re creati on al 983 P ri n te d S tan d ard i z ati o n ) C o u n ci l S e pte m be r h as in wh i ch S tan d ard s bo d i e s I n te rn ati o n al on fo r m e m be r th ro u g h fo r re pre s e n te d I n te rn ati o n al m e m be r (I S0 ou t n o n - g o ve rn m e n tal , th e No O rg an i z ati o n bo d i e s R e p of I N TE RN ATI ON AL I S0 STAN D ARD C ro ss- co u n try s ki s C ycl i c te st l o ad i n g Scope an d fi el d of D eterm i n ati o n - appl i cati on I n te rn ati o n al m i n ati o n of re s i s tan ce th e of re ve rs i bl e S tan d ard fati g u e th e ski s d am ag e ) to s pe ci fi e s a m e th o d fo r i n d e xe s of cro s s - co u n try ch an g e s of bo tto m afte r a be n d i n g te s t cam be r wi th th e ski s per is appl i cabl e cm to to 21 cro s s - co u n try s ki s wi th a Th e n u m be r of - d e fl e cti o n s of th e th e or i r- re co ve ry an d l o ad i n g n o m i n al h e rtz : i n d e xe s s e co n d th e l e n g th ti m e: Th e m e as u re m e n t te m po rary It in (E ) d e te r- (i e h ei g h t cycl i c fati g u e fre q u e n cy, s ki Th i s of 779 849 84 ch an g e s of in ti m e hb be twe e n wh i ch bo tto m is th e en d n e ce s s ary of to th e te s t e l i m i n ate cam be r of cm fati g u e cam be r i n d ex h ei g h t of K, , : th e Th e s ki p e rce n tag e afte r cycl i cal ch an g e l o ad i n g of bo tto m an d re co ve ry ti m e Referen ce I S0 71 , C ro ss- co u n try Laboratory s ki s m e asu re m en t - E l as ti c pro pe rti es - m eth od s? ) P ri n ci pl e Th e ski i s s u bj e cte d i n d e xe s D efi n i ti o n s Fo r th e n en t pu rp o s e d e fi n i ti o n s of appl y th i s I n te rn ati o n al S tan d ard th e o ri g i n al d i s tan ce u n d er th e we i g h te d be twe e n m o u n ti n g are a th e ch an g e th e an d i n fl u e n ce bo tto m bo tto m a fl at of s u rface an d th e cam be r s ki ’ s of th e h o ri z o n tal o wn h,: th e are a a fl at an d fl u e n ce of bo tto m bo tto m th e ski in th e s u rface , s pri n g R ati o of th e th e s u rface an d m ass , cam be r of h o ri z o n tal ski ’ s o wn co n s tan t fo rce F co rre s po n d i n g s u p po rts as bi n d i n g d e te rm i n e d p ri o r to C ycl i c Th e th e ski h;, in s u rface , m as s, : M axi m u m th e bi n d i n g m e as u re d d e te rm i n e d d i s tan ce cycl i c m o u n ti n g u n d er afte r th e th e in- h ave h ave th e Th e p e rce n tag e fati g u e pe rm a- h e i g h t of th e app l i e d m i d way d e fl e cti o n s h o wn in d e fl e cte d fi g u re f, p art be twe e n wh e n th e s ki of two is ben d i n g m ach i n e in a ben d i n g fi g u re an d Th e of l o ad e d s h al l be m ach i n e h o ri z o n tal l y d i am e te r s pri n g m ach i n e co n s tru cte d h as two ad j u s tabl e appro xi m ate l y cl am pi n g Th e ro l l s in e s s e n ti al l y s u ppo rts cm s u pp o rt Th e o rd e r wh i ch to ro l l s s u p po rts pre ve n t as are sh al l sh al l l i fti n g of s ki te s t th e s ki cF: s u p po rts , pl ace d on to th e d ri vi n g j u s tabl e ing fi xtu re F Th e to be to th e (see fi g u re 3) Th e fre q u e n cy co n s i sts a co n n e cti n g d i sk to be twe e n o rd e r re s p e ct - pi n , po we r d i s tan ce m e ch an i sm cran k d ri vi n g in CF = cam be r re co ve ry th e m e as u re d Th e 3 bo tto m of Apparatu s ve rti cal l y we i g h te d b e twe e n an d M axi m u m s h o wn fi n al in l o ad i n g by cal cu l ati o n fo l l o wi n g te s t cycl i c : to are d e te rm i n e d fl y wh e e l e ffe ct cran k ab l e to a pi n of ro d a di sk an d sh al l h ave s m o o th an d ad j u s t s pri n g co n s tan t of s tro ke of wh e e l ro d axi s p ro p e r th e ad - cl am p- m ass an d fl exi n g s h al l Th e b e ad j u s tabl e s tro ke d e fl e cte d wi th wi th su ffi ci e n t s i n u s o i d al ro tati o n th e fl y a pu s h l e n g th part of wi th th e ski f s tro ke l o ad i n g way ) m e as u re d b e twe e n At l e n g th pre sen t th e in s: fro m two th e Th e a d e fl e cti o n p l an e s u pp o rts stag e of tan g e n t of th e to ski th e d u ri n g s u pp o rts , cycl i c mid- cl am pi n g ru b b e r fi xtu re l aye rs , ce n trati o n at th e s h al l h ave as s h o wn th e in s h al l a be pi ti n g fi g u re 2, b e twe e n j oi n t an d i n o rd e r to an d j aws avo i d wi th H z Th e e l as ti c s tre s s co n - cl am p d raft I S0 7798484 D i m en s i o n s of th i ckn e s s : (El th e ru b b e r + l aye r s h al l be as fo l l o ws : mm Fo r an d wi d th : 40 m e as u ri n g a d i al (95 + 5) S h o re In ad d i ti o n , th e fo r we i g h te d wi th bottom bo tto m i n d i cato r cam ber cam be r h ol d er a fl at s h al l h ei g h t s u rface be pl ate u sed M easu ri n g a co u n te r n u m be r of s h al l be d evi ce for spri n g co n stan t of d e fl e cte d p art th e A d efl ected re co rd th e i n d i cato r d evi ce mm h ard n e s s : M easu ri n g fi xe d to th e pu s h ro d in o rd e r to cycl es Fi g u re - C ycl i c part Fo r m e as u ri n g ski , a d e vi ce ben d i n g th e as m ach i n e of th e s pri n g d e s cri be d ski co n s tan t in I S0 of 71 39 th e s h al l be u sed of - th e D i m e n si o n s , ,- Ru bber S ki Fi g u re - C l am pi n g fi xtu re I * , - - - t- - A- - - _- - I ’ I ! ’ 70 80 r I 90 00 1 20 Spri n g Fi g u re - D i ag ram fo r stan t, I 40 30 cF , d e te rm i n ati o n 50 N /cm of s tro ke l e n g th l’ ~ I 000 + q - r I i n m i l l i m e tre s 60 I I i 1 70 w CF I S0 7798-1 84 (E ) a Fi g u re - S u p po rt arran g e m e n t fo r d e te rm i n ati o n of s pri n g co n s tan t CF an d fo r fati g u e te s t Tabl e Di m en si on s S ki I b I Test 41 400 370 a 750 700 600 l en g th 250 270 280 800 850 900 430 445 460 290 300 31 2ooo 475 490 505 speci m en s 950 2050 320 te s t s h al l b e carri e d ou t on fi ve ski s of th e s am e ski D e te rm i n e , Tem peratu res fo r co n d i ti on i n g fati g u e S tan d ard or l esser pro p e rti e s can be e xte n t of th e affe cte d by ski an d d epen d i n g on Th e re fo re two d e s cri be d th e te s t th e in th i s testi n g th e I n te rn ati o n al te m pe ratu re parti cu l ar 340 th e po rti o n , s ki fro m of to m ate ri al a g re ate r th e 21 50 520 53 s p ri n g 350 co n s tan t 360 of th e cF f co n s tan t, th e tabl e s u p po rts m i d way d e fl e cti o n Th e of m i l l i m e tre s m o d e l - si z e d i s tan ce 330 M e as u re m e n t d e fl e cte d Th e in 21 00 b e twe e n to an of th e in th e ski 4, th e l o cati o n on th e s u pp o rts s u ppo rts accu racy e xp re s s e d fi g u re P l ace of 0, 02 n e wto n s wi th mm per a l o ad F C al cu l ate an d l o ad R e ad th e ce n ti m e tre , th e an d th e s pri n g u si n g th e fo rm u l a co n fi g u raF ti o n of th e d i ffe re n t - - s ki te s t te m pe ratu re s ve rs i o n s are ve rs i o n A, s tan d ard ve rs i o n B, co l d of s pe ci fi e d l abo rato ry ch am be r te s t te s t wi th CF = f : -20 + 20 + + wh e re OC F OC is f Al l th e m e as u re m en ts te s t s h al l te m pe ratu re be fo r at carri e d ou t l e as t h on a ski co n d i ti o n e d Te st is Fo r p ro ce d u re th e M e as u re m e n t cam be r, of o ri g i n al we i g h te d M e as u re h ei g h t pri o r of to th e o ri g i n al th e be n d i n g bo tto m by ag n s t th e po i n t fl at s u rface m e as u re m e n t po i n t ze ro th e h ei g h t R e m o ve fro m th e on on th e to p cam be r cycl i c pl ate th e fl atte n i n g d i al s u rface i n d i cato r P l ace to p l o ad , to of th e s u rface an d an d e fl e cti o n , Fi n d o rd i n ate - n e wto n s ; in ce n ti m e tre s of CF o n by h, afte r l o ad i n g co n - M ark th e th e ski d i al of re ad i n d i cato r th e th e accu racy P re ss th e s ki an d bo tto m of +0, 03 at Th e l o ad n ess an d spri n g at of th e u si n g stroke th e n o m i n al stan t creases m e as u re m e n t in d e te rm i n ati o n N OTE an d l o ad , s tro ke l e n g th , s tro ke l e n g th abs ci s s a th e d o tte d R e ad line of s u se th e d i ag ram th e s tro ke l e n g th th e d i ag ram in s on bo tto m h, th e th e th e imum d i ti o n i n g te s t D e te rm i n ati o n fi g u re th e at 8 - : te s t : p ro ce d u re cF to is cen tre l e n g th of l i n e arl y l e n g th d e ad of = th e 70 000 a of N fu n cti o n th e ski Th e N /cm of a cran k) , d e fi n e d wh i ch te st l o ad (n o m i n al fo r ski s i s 50 l e n g th wi th te st a l o ad i n creases N fo r 60 spri n g (m ax- wi th ski s cm ) sti ffwi th an d a in- stan t of ski th e set to cam be r mm CF = 75 d i ag ram ti o n bo d y th u s : N /cm in th e fi g u re h e avi e r h e i g h t) , it is ( n o m i n al th e assu m ed ) an d l e n g th Th i s system tal l e r m o re th at a a a ski er 21 is base d ski er (S e e on ( n o rm al l y cross-cou n try tal l cm ) ski n o rm al l y th e th e is th e so l i d fo l l o wi n g we i g h t stressed u ses a l on g line th e co n si d e ra- i n crease s d u ri n g ski of wi th ski i n g , I S0 h, Te s ti n g Kh P l ace an d th e ad j u s t b e twe e n in th e th e s u rface th e s ki of s ki ) th e ben d i n g s u pp o rts u pper th e in m ach i n e s u ch po i n ts cl am pi n g i s a s trai g h t of j aw l i n e, (5 ) a way th e th at l o we r ( to u ch i n g wh e n th e as s h o wn pu s h th e in fi g u re co n n e cti n g s u p po rt ro l l s th e ru n n i n g ro d i s i n th e hi x l oo wh e re th e s u rface u pper (E ) hB line an d - - = 7798-1 84 h, of is o ri g i n al th e m e as u re d d e ad we i g h te d ce acco rd an in wi th bo tto m cam be r h e i g h t, ; ce n tre is Ad j u s t th e s tro ke l e n g th s by s h i fti n g th e cran k pi n to i ts In co rre ct th e fi n al acco rd an ce bo tto m we i g h te d wi th cam be r h e i g h t, m e as u re d po s i ti o n th e C al cu l ate S u bj e ct th e ski to 50 ski fro m 000 l o ad i n g cycl e s at a fre q u e n cy of to s tan d ard m ean d e vi ati o n val u e of th e th e of fi ve si n g l e fi ve d e te rm i n ati o n s an d th e m e as u re m e n ts H z R e m o ve ve rti cal th e th e an d th e s tre s s - fre e el i m i n ati o n of m ach i n e ( re l axe d ) te m po rary an d p l ace po s i ti o n i t ag n s t Th e d e fo rm ati o n is a wal l re co ve ry 24 ti m e in a fo r h Test Th e M e as u re m e n t of fi n al we i g h te d te s t M e as u re th e re p o rt re fe re n ce ca m be r bo tto m po i n t as s pe ci fi e d 86 As s es s m en t in h ei g h t hi at Vi su al l y i n s pe ct e xam pl e cracks E xpressi o n Th e fati g u e th e or i n d e x, as of s tre s s K, , th e fo l l o wi n g parti cu l ars : to th i s I n te rn ati o n al S tan d ard ; b) co m pl ete d e s i g n ati o n , i d e n ti fi cati o n n o m i n al l e n g th of an d th e ski ( b ran d , m an u factu re r’ s m od el re g i s trati o n ; d am ag e s ki of i n cl u d e m e as u re m e n t th e n u m be r) e xpre s s e d s h al l bo tto m hi cam be r, report fo r d am ag e m arks, cau s e d d el am i n ati o n s by te s t th e e tc resu l ts , fo r a p e rce n tag e , th e is bo tto m g i ve n cam be r by th e h ei g h t fo rm u l a of th e c) te s t te m p e ratu re d) fati g u e e) d am ag e ti o n ; ( e i th e r ve rs i o n A or B) ; ( fo r ski , f) an y i n d ex to th e d e vi ati o n e xpl an a ti o n of th e fo r th e bo tto m ski cau s e d fro m th i s re as o n cam be r by th e te s t I n te rn ati o n al fo r th e h e i g h t; wi th e xact S tan d ard d e s cri p - 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