© ISO 2017 Leather — Chemical, physical and mechanical and fastness tests — Sampling location Cuir — Essais chimiques, physiques, mécaniques et de solidité — Emplacement de l’échantillonnage INTERNATI[.]
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2418 IULTCS/IUP Third edition 2017-02 Leather — Chemical, physical and mechanical and fastness tests — Sampling location Cuir — Essais chimiques, physiques, mécaniques et de solidité — Emplacement de l’échantillonnage Reference numbers ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) © ISO 2017 ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT © ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved Unless otherwise specified, no part o f this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country o f the requester ISO copyright o ffice Ch de Blandonnet • CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyright@iso.org www.iso.org ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) Contents Page Foreword iv Scope Normative references Terms and definitions Location of laboratory samples 4.1 General 4.1.1 Segmentation of leather 4.1.2 Selection of samples f f 4.1.4 Sampling for chemical testing 4.1.5 Sampling where areas of tension exist Whole hides, skins and sides Bends (butts) Shoulders Bellies 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 S amp ling o r p hys ical and co lo ur as tnes s tes ting Storage of laboratory samples Identification o f laboratory sample 6.1 6.2 Marking of the direction of the backbone Marking Bibliography © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved iii ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies) The work o f preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters o f electrotechnical standardization The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part In particular the different approval criteria needed for the di fferent types o f ISO documents should be noted This document was dra fted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part (see www.iso org/directives) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o f the elements o f this document may be the subject o f patent rights ISO shall not be held responsible for identi fying any or all such patent rights Details o f any patent rights identified during the development o f the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso org/patents) Any trade name used in this document is in formation given for the convenience o f users and does not constitute an endorsement For an explanation on the meaning o f ISO specific terms and expressions related to formity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html ISO 2418 was prepared by the Physical Test Commission o f the International Union o f Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUP Commission, IULTCS), in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 289, Leather, the secretariat of which is held by UNI, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement) The Chemical and Fastness Test Commissions were consulted in the preparation of this standard The locations of the samples are identical to those given in IUP published in J Soc Leather Trades Chemists 42 , pp 382-385, (1958) and IUC published in J Soc Leather Trades Chemists 49, pp 6-8, (1965) IUP was declared an o fficial method in 1959 and IUC in 1965 Updated versions were published in J Soc Leather Tech Chem 82 , p 194, (1998) and further revisions were published in J Soc Leather Tech Chem 84, p 303, (2000) and reconfirmed as o fficial methods in March 2001 The ISO Standard di ffers slightly in the text and includes tolerances for measurements but the locations of the samples are identical IULTCS, originally formed in 1897, is a world-wide organization o f pro fessional leather societies to urther the advancement o f leather science and technology IULTCS has three Commissions, which f are responsible for establishing international methods for the sampling and testing of leather ISO recognizes IULTCS as an international standardizing body for the preparation o f test methods for leather This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 2418:2002), which has been technically revised with the following changes: — Clause and the location o f laboratory samples have been clarified; — Figure to Figure have been re-drawn and re-labelled; — 6.2 d) has also been added iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Leather — Chemical, physical and mechanical and fastness tests — Sampling location Scope T h i s c ument s p e ci fie s the lo cation o f a lab orator y s ample with i n a pie ce o f le ather a nd the me tho d o f lab el l i ng and marki ng the lab orator y s ample s I t i s appl ic able to a l l typ e s o f le ather derive d I t i s no t appl ic able to le athers derive d from for futu re from identi fic ation mam ma l s i rre s p e c tive o f the tan n i ng u s e d bi rd s , fi s h, rep ti le s or fu rs Normative references There are no normative references in this document Terms and definitions For the pu rp o s e s o f th i s c u ment, the term s and defi n ition s given i n the I nternationa l Glo s s a r y o f Leather Terms[1] ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia org/ — ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso org/obp apply Location of laboratory samples 4.1 General 4.1.1 Segmentation of leather For the purposes of this document, the following segmentation of leather is considered (see Figure 1): b end (or butt) , shou lder a nd b el ly © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) Key B C BC R shoulder bend belly root of the tail (if visible) top of the neck backbone shoulder point where CR = BC/3 Figure — Segmentation of a whole hide 4.1.2 Selection of samples Areas selected for laboratory samples shall be free from all obvious de fects such as scratches and flay cuts 4.1.2.1 4.1.2.2 The sampling procedures described are designed to allow concurrent physical, colour fastness and chemical testing 4.1.2.3 The results o f analyses carried out on samples taken from di fferent segments can vary significantly For this reason, added to the impossibility to uniquely define segments size, sampling from whole hides and sides is to be preferred (see 4.2) 4.1.3 Sampling for physical and colour fastness testing 4.1.3.1 For physical and colour fastness testing, take leather samples from the non-shaded areas specified in Figure to Figure as appropriate © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) 4.1.3.2 I n arb itratio n analys is , o nly leather s amp les taken skin or sides (see 4.2) shall be used as the test sample 4.1.4 4.1.4.1 fro m the ap p ro p riate area o f who le hides , Sampling for chemical testing Fo r chemical tes ting, take leather s amp les as appropriate fro m the s haded area s p ecified in Figure to Figure 4.1.4.2 If the minimum mass required for chemical testing is not attained, sample from the corresponding area on the other side of the backbone If this is impossible, take additional material from the area immediately adj acent to the s amp ling p o s itio n 4.1.4.3 Unco ntaminated trimmings fro m p hys ical tes t p ieces may b e us ed fo r chemical tes ting excep t in arb itratio n analys is 4.1.4.4 I n arb itratio n analys is , o nly leather s amp les taken fro m the ap p ro p riate s haded area o f who le hides, skin or sides (see 4.2) shall be used as the chemical test sample 4.1.5 Sampling where areas of tension exist I f a h ide i s c ut i nto l f h ide s or s egments and d rie d a fter ward s i n a to ggl i ng d rier or a d r yi ng pro ce s s that creates tension in the leather at the edges, then the distance of the sampling areas from the edges of the leather shall be increased from 50 mm to at least 100 mm where possible © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) 4.2 Whole hides, skins and sides Take the non-shaded square piece GJKH and/or the shaded square piece HLMN shown in Figure In small skins, the distances EF and JK can be shorter than the length required for a single sample f f f procedure When s a mpl i ng s ma l l ski n s , mo d i y the me tho d o NOTE s ampl i ng u s i ng the m i n i mum deviation rom th i s Sampling areas can be taken either on the right and/or left side of the hide Key B root of the tail C top of the neck BC backbone D at the edge of the hide AD line perpendicular to BC AB = BC/3, such that AC = 2AB AE = (50 ± 5) mm (see also 4.1.5) AF = FD JK = EF GE = EH HL = NM = HN = ML = HK/2 NOTE Lines GH, JK, HN and LM are parallel to BC Figure — Sampling location for whole hides, skins and sides © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) 4.3 Bends (butts) Take the non-shaded square piece GJKH and/or the shaded square piece HLMN shown in Figure Key B root of the tail R shoulder point (see Figure 1) BR lies along the backbone D′ at the edge of the bend (butt) AD′ line perpendicular to BR AB = BR/2, such that AB = AR AE = (50 ± 5) mm (see also 4.1.5) AF = FD′ JK = EF GE = EH HL = NM = HN = ML = HK/2 NOTE Lines GH, JK, HN and LM are parallel to BR Figure — Representation of a bend showing sampling location for bends (or butts) © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) 4.4 Shoulders Take the non-shaded rectangular piece GHJK and/or the shaded square piece HLMN shown in Figure Key C top of the neck R shoulder point (see Figure 1) CR lies along the backbone S at the edge of the shoulder KP = (20 ± 2) mm (see also 4.1.5) HQ = (50 ± 5) mm (see also 4.1.5) RP = PS GH = JK = HL = LM = MN = GK/2 NOTE Lines RS, HJ, GK and LM are perpendicular to CR Lines GL, KJ and NM are parallel to CR Figure — Representation of a shoulder showing sampling location for shoulders © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) 4.5 Bellies Ta ke the non- sh ade d re c ta ngu la r pie ce GH J K a nd/or the sh ade d s quare pie ce s shown in Figure HLM N a nd GL′M ′N ′ Key T f U f D at the edge of the hide AD line perpendicular to TU TA = AU GE = EH = EF = GK = HJ LH = NH = GN’ = GL’ = GH/4 GH = (150 ± 15) mm AE = (20 ± 2) mm (see also 4.1.5) neck end o tail end o the b elly the b elly Figure — Representation of a belly showing sampling location for bellies Storage of laboratory samples Store lab orator y s ample s i n s uch a way a s to avoid contam i nation a nd the e ffe c ts o f lo c a l i z e d he ati ng © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) I d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f l a b o r a t o r y s a m p l e 6.1 Marking of the direction of the backbone M ark the d i re c tion o f the b ackb one b y an arrow p oi nti ng toward s the he ad p o s itione d a long the e dge o f the sample nearest to the backbone 6.2 Marking M ark the lab orator y s ample with the fol lowi ng i n formation: a) the re ference nu mb er o f the b atch o f le ather; b) the date o f s ampl i ng; c) the re ference nu mb er o f the s ample (i f any) ; d) the s egment o f the h ide that the s ample wa s ta ken e) the nu mb er and the date o f th i s c ument, i e I S O 41 : 017; f) any deviation from from: b end (or butt) , s hou lder or b el ly; the s ampl i ng pro ce dure s p e ci fie d i n th i s c u ment (s e e 4.2) © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) Bibliography [1] 1) I n ternational C ouncil o f Tanners International Glossary o f Leather Terms 1) , 2nd edition Issued by the International Council o f Tanners in 1975 with the Addenda o f 1978 © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved ISO 2418:2017(E) IULTCS/IUP 2:2017(E) ICS 59.140.30 Price based on pages © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved