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HO CHI MINH CITY INDUSTRY AND TRADE COLLEGE FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES - BASIC ENGLISH ELEMENTARY – 2nd edition FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY HO CHI MINH CITY, AUGUST 2019 HO CHI MINH CITY INDUSTRY AND TRADE COLLEGE FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES - BASIC ENGLISH ELEMENTARY – 2nd edition CHIEF COMPILER BA Phuong Thi He CO-COMPILERS BA Tran Xuan Quynh Huong BA Tran Thi Thao ME Nguyen Thi Tuyet Hoa MBA Nguyen Dinh Nhu Ha FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY HO CHI MINH CITY, AUGUST 2019 INTRODUCTION Who is this book for? This Basic English is compiled for all non-major English students at Ho Chi Minh City Industry and Trade College What kind of English does this book teach? This book teaches general English and aims at helping students practice skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing How is the book organized? In this book, there are units which cover different topics such as: introducing yourself, your work and free time, your past time, your future plans, etc There are sections in each unit: • • • • • • • • Grammar Vocabulary Listening Speaking Reading Writing Everyday English Consolidation Beside units, there is a reference part which includes tapescripts, grammar reference, irregular verbs and phonetic symbols How was this book compiled? The compilation of this book was mainly based on New Headway Elementary – Student’s book and Workbook (The third edition) by John and Liz Soars The lessons from this book were carefully selected and modified by teachers of Faculty of Foreign Languages so that they would be suitable for the students’ level at Ho Chi Minh City Industry and Trade College CONTENTS LANGUAGE INPUT UNIT GRAMMAR VOCABULARY EVERYDAY ENGLISH Hello everybody! Verb to be am/is/are I’m from London p5 She’s a journalist Possessive adjectives my/your/his/her p5 Possessive ’s Patrick’s family p7 Countries France, England, Mexico p9 Opposite adjectives old-young p10 Everyday objects – plural nouns bags, keys, watches p11 Hello and goodbye Telephone numbers p13 How are you? See you later! p14 The world of work & your free time Present Simple I/you/she/it I work hard as a lawyer p19 She works 16 hours a day p20 Questions and negatives Do you play rugby? She doesn’t live in Canada p20 There is/are There’s a television There are some books p32 Prepositions of place under the table on the wall p33 Count and uncount nouns apple, apple juice p34 I like…… I’d like …… Do you like tea? Would you like some tea? p35 How many/How much? How many cakes are there? How much bread is there? p36 some/any There are some bananas Is there any sugar in this tea? P36 Jobs A pilot flies planes p24 Leisure activities dancing, skiing, swimming p25 What time is it? It’s five o’clock It’s just after five o’clock p27 Rooms and furniture in a house living room, bedroom television, sofa, lamp p31 Food and drink chocolate, beer, chips, coffee, carrots p34 Polite requests Could you pass the salt please? Can I see the menu? p41 City and country adjectives dirty, noisy, safe, quiet p44 City and country words river, farm, building p50 Directions round the corner over the bridge p51 Places and food Bigger and better! Comparatives & Superlatives The country is cheaper than the city p44 His car is the most expensive p45 Have / Have got I’ve got a dog They haven’t got a flat p47 Contents SKILLS DEVELOPMENT READING SPEAKING LISTENING WRITING An email from England p12 Introducing yourself p5 An email from England p12 Telephoning conversations p14 Introducing yourself p8 My favourite season p22 My favourite season Which season you like best? Why? p22 Your free time What you like doing in your free time? p26 People come from different countries and their favourite seasons p22 Describing your free time p26 Food around the world p39 Where you live? p31 What food and drink you like? p35 I like …… I’d like p36 Requests and responses p41 Describing where you live p33 Viva la danza! Buenos Aires/ Havana/Seville p48, 49 Talking about your city p48 Comparing life in the city and the country p44 Describing a famous city in your country Contents p49 LANGUAGE INPUT UNIT GRAMMAR VOCABULARY EVERYDAY ENGLISH Your past time Past Simple was/were Where were you yesterday? I was at school p53 Past Simple Regular and irregular verbs He finished school when he was 14 He left Scotland in 1871 p55 Time expressions yesterday, last week p57 in 1924 on 10 October at o’clock Words that go together Verbs and nouns Drive a car Compound nouns railway station What’s the date? The third of April p60 Special occasions New Year’s Eve Birthday p61 What are you going to do? Present Continuous I’m wearing a T-shirt and jeans Who is laughing? p64 Going to I’m going to be a footballer p67 Whose is it? Whose is the baby? p70 Possessive pronouns mine, yours, hers p70 The weather sunny, cloudy What’s the weather like? p74 Making suggestions What shall we do? Let’s go swimming! p75 Story time Question forms What …? Which … ? How …? How many ….? p79 Adverbs of manner quick, quickly good, well p80 Adjectives of feelings bored, worried At the chemist’s I’m looking for some aspirin p84 Tapescripts p87 Grammar Grammar Reference Reference p93 p92 p59 p81 Irregular verbs Irregular p verbs p105 Contents READING SPEAKING LISTENING Where were you … ? - at o’clock this morning - last Saturday evening p54 Talk about a famous person in your country p58 Compound nouns The ordinals Flying without wings (song lyrics ) p72 Your future plans What are you going to do? - after the lesson - tomorrow - after college p67 Looking for that something The song: Flying without wings p72 p73 Writing about your future plans 69 A short story The Christmas Presents p82 Telling a story about your childhood p83 Story time Writing about your first day to school p83 A biography p58 Verb patterns p105 WRITING p59 p60 p78 Describing your last holiday p57 symbols p94 Phonetic symbols Phonetic p106 References p107 Contents T To be – Possessive adjectives – Countries - Family - Opposites Hello and Goodbye INTRODUCTIONS am / is / are, my / your Practise the following conversation A Hello My name’s Marco What’s your name? B Emma A Where are you from, Emma? B I’m from London A How old are you, Emma? B I’m 18 And you? A I’m 19 years old GRAMMAR SPOT To be I’m = I am You’re = You are She’s = She is Possessive adjectives my your + name her Notes What’s = What is name’s = name is Grammar Reference 1.1 p.92 and 1.2 p.93 PRACTICE T1.1 Listen and tick (P) the sentence you hear 1) She’s from Spain 4) He’s from Spain 2) What’s her name? What’s his name? 3) Where’s she from? Where’s he from? 5) He’s a teacher in Italy His teacher’s in Italy They’re from Japan They’re in Japan Unit – Hello everybody! Complete the sentences with am, is, are, his, her, or your 1) My name is Emma 2) Where 3) I you from? from Italy name?’ ‘My name’s Danielle.’ 4) ‘What’s 5) Lisa and Mike 6) This from Boston my teacher 7) Where name’s Richard he from? 8) This is my sister name's Miho Read the information about Lisa Jefferson Surname Jefferson First name Lisa Country The USA Job Journalist Address 89, Franklin Street, Cambridge, Boston Phone number (616) 326 1204 Age 26 Married No Complete and answer the questions 1) What’s her surname? 2) her first name? 3) she from? 4) job? 5) What’s ? 6) phone number ? 7) How old 8) Is she ? ? Unit – Hello everybody! Make true sentences with the verb to be 1) I’m not at home 2) We 3) It in class Monday today 4) My teacher John 5) My mother and father 6) I married 7) My grandmother 8) Marco and Polo 9) We at work in the café We seventy – five years old my brothers in the classroom PATRICK’S FAMILY Possessive ’s Read about Patrick Binchey Then write the people’s names in the correct place This is a photo of Patrick, his wife and his children His wife’s name is Brenda She’s a teacher His daughter’s name is Lara She’s twenty – one and she’s a nurse His son’s name is Ricky He’s nineteen and he’s a student Lara’s boyfriend is a nurse, too His name is Mick Ask and answer the questions about Patrick’s family Who is Brenda? She is Patrick’s wife Unit – Hello everybody! 1.2 Possessive adjectives my What’s your his her This is its our their What’s = What is name? book 1.3 Possessive ’s My mother’s name is Maria This is Tom’s dictionary That is James’ son Students’ books are on the table That is children’s ball 1.4 a/an It’s a car newspaper house It’s apple an egg old man I’m a student NOT He’s an engineer I’m student He’s engineer 1.5 Plural nouns a Most nouns add -s in the plural books houses cameras b If the noun ends in -s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x or -o add -es bus buses class classes wish wishes watch watches box boxes tomato tomatoes BUT piano, radio pianos, radios c If the noun ends in a consonant + -y, the -y changes to -ies city cities country countries baby babies lorry lorries But if the noun ends in a vowel + -y, the -y doesn’t change key keys day days d If the noun ends in -f or -fe, the -f, -fe change to –ves shelf shelves leaf leaves knife knives wife wives e Some nouns are irregular Dictionaries show this child children man men person persons / people tooth teeth woman women Grammar Reference 93 UNIT 2.1 Simple Present a The Simple Present expresses a fact is always true, or true for a long time I work in a language school She works in a bank b It also expresses a habit We go swimming in summer Peter goes skiing in winter Positive I You live We They in Mexico He She lives It Have is irregular She has a son NOT She haves a son Negative I You don’t We They live in France He She doesn’t It don’t = not doesn’t = does not Yes / No questions Do you have they Does he work she it a sister? on Sunday? Short answers No, I don’t / No, we don’t Yes, they No, he doesn’t Yes, she does Yes, it does Question with question words you live? Where they What does he she it like? Grammar Reference 94 2.2 Adverbs of frequency 0% 50% 100% never sometimes often usually always a These adverbs usually come before the ordinary verbs, but after the verb to be He never smokes We sometimes play games online I don’t often go to the zoo He is always late for school b Some and usually can also come at the beginning or the end of a sentence Sometimes I go fishing OR I go fishing sometimes Usually we walk in the park We walk in the park usually c Never and always can’t come at the beginning or the end of a sentence NOT Never I go to bed before p.m I never go to bed before 9p.m Always he has coffee in the morning He always has coffee in the morning 2.3 like / love + verb + -ing Like and love are allowed by a verb + -ing to show a hobby I like reading English books My sister loves dancing UNIT 3.1 There is / are We use there is and there are to say that something exists somewhere Positive There is a sofa in the living room (singular) are two / some pillows on the bed (plural) Negative isn’t There aren’t a TV in the class room (singular) two / any books on the shelf (plural) Yes / No questions Is a laptop on the table? there Are two / any pictures on the wall? Short answers Yes, there is No, there isn’t Yes, there are No, there aren’t Grammar Reference 95 3.2 Count and uncount nouns a Some nouns are countable They have singular and plural form a pen two pens an egg five eggs b Some nouns are uncountable They have no singular and plural form water sugar hair money c Some nouns are both Do you like ice-cream? I’d like four ice-creams, please 3.3 like / would like a We use like to say a hobby for a long time I like films He likes music b We use would like to say a need at specific time Would is the same in all persons We use would … like in offers and requests Positive I You He/She/It ’d like some coffee We They ’d like = would like Yes / No question Short answers Yes, please you Would he/she/it like an apple? No, thanks / Thank you they Would you like … ? = Do you want …? I’d like … = I want … 3.4 some / any a We use some in positive sentences with uncount nouns and plural nouns There rice in the bag is some There oranges are We use some in questions when we ask for things and offer things Can I have some tea , please? Would you like biscuits? b We use any in questions and negative sentences with uncount and plural nouns Is there chocolate? any sisters or brothers? Do you have She doesn’t have money There aren’t Spanish students Grammar Reference 96 3.5 much / many a We use much in questions and negative sentences with uncount nouns How much cheese is there in the fridge? There isn’t much cheese in the fridge How much money does he have? He doesn’t have much money b We use many in questions and negative sentences with plural/count nouns How many people are there in the room? There aren’t many people in the room How many books you have? I don’t have many books UNIT 4.1 Comparative and superlative adjectives Onesyllable adjectives Adjectives ending in -y Two or more syllable adjectives Irregular adjectives Adjective old cheap safe big hot happy noisy dirty boring beautiful expensive Comparative older cheapest safer bigger hotter happier noisier dirtier more boring more beautiful more expensive Superlative the oldest the cheapest the safest the biggest* the hottest* the happiest the noisiest the dirtiest the most boring the most beautiful the most expensive good better the best bad worse the worst far farther/further the farthest/furthest much/many more the most a few/a little less the least * Adjectives which end in one vowel and one consonant double the consonant 4.2 have / have got Have means the same as have got to talk about possession, but the form is very different We often use have got in spoken English have Positive I You have We They He She has It a big house a nice car a garden Grammar Reference 97 Negative I You don’t We They He She doesn’t It have a big house a nice car a garden Questions Do I you we have any money? they a brother? a garden? Does he she it How many friends you have? Short answers Yes, I / No, I don’t Yes, she does / No, she doesn’t Have got Positive I You have We They He She has It Negative I haven’t You We They He She hasn’t It got a big house a nice car a garden got a big house a nice car a garden Questions Have I you we got any money? they a brother? a garden? Has he she it How many friends have you got? Short answers Yes, I have / No, I haven’t Yes, she has / No, she hasn’t * The past of both have and have got is had Grammar Reference 98 UNIT 5.1 Past Simple of to be: was / were Was /were is the past of am/is/are Positive I He/She/It was at school yesterday in the cinema last night We in Russia last year You were They Negative I He/She/It wasn’t We You weren’t They at home yesterday in the zoo last Sunday at the dance last night Yes/ No questions Was he/she at work yesterday? in the cinema last night? in Hawaii last summer? you Were they Question with question words Where was I/she/he/it yesterday? When were you/they Short answers Yes, she was No, he wasn’t Yes, I was / Yes, we were No, they weren’t born? 5.2 Past Simple of ordinary verbs: regular and irregular The Past Simple is used to express actions or situations that started and finished at a specific time in the past I lived in Hanoi when I was ten She went shopping last week The form of the Past Simple is the same in all persons Positive I He/She/It moved We went to England in 1995 You They Grammar Reference 99 Negative We use didn’t + infinitive (without to) in all persons I He/She/It move We didn’t go to England in 1995 You They Yes / No questions We use did + infinitive (without to) in all persons you Did he enjoy the party last night? they buy that villa? etc Question with question words you What she Where did they Why etc Short answers Yes, I did / No, I didn’t Yes, he did No, they didn’t this morning? go yesterday? buy that villa? * There is a list of irregular verbs on page 106 5.3 Spelling of regular verbs a The normal rule is to add -ed worked finished enjoyed If the verb ends in -e, add -d liked loved lived b If the verb has only one syllable and one vowel and consonant, double the consonant stopped planned c Verbs that end in a consonant + -y change to -ied cried studied married 5.4 Time expressions yesterday last morning afternoon evening night/week/month/year Sunday summer August days years 30 minutes ago Grammar Reference 100 in the 20th century / the 1990s / 1995 / spring / the morning / January on Monday / Sunday evening / 2nd September / Christmas Day at six o’clock / weekends / the weekend / night / Christmas UNIT 6.1 Present Continuous a The Present continuous describes an activity that is happening now or at the moment of speaking at present I’m wearing a dress today We’re learning English now b It also describes an activity in the near future or a future plan And future time must be mentioned He’s playing tennis this afternoon They’re seeing new friends tonight I’m not coming to the party tomorrow Positive and negative I am He She is (not) working in the office It We You are They Yes / No questions and short answers Are you enjoying the lesson? Yes, I am / Yes, we are Is your English getting better? Yes, it is Are they going to school? No, they aren’t Question with question words Where What Why am is are I he/she/it we/you/they going? doing? laughing? * We often use these adverbs of time in the Present Continuous: today, now, right now, at this moment, at this time, at present 6.2 Spelling of verb + -ing a Most verbs just add -ing wear wearing go going read reading b If the infinitives end in -e, drop the -e write writing smile smiling live living c When a one-syllable verb has one vowel and ends in a consonant, double the consonant sit sitting get getting run running * Some verbs are non-verb + -ing like, love, hate, want, need, forget, remember, promise, sound, etc Grammar Reference 101 6.3 Simple Present and Present Continuous a The Present Simple describes things that are always true, or true for a long time He comes from Germany I live in Ho Chi Minh city b The Present Continuous describes activities happening now, and temporary activities Why are you having coffee? You usually have tea She usually wears pink dresses But today she is wearing jeans and T-shirt 6.4 going to a Going to expresses a person’s plans and intentions I’m going to be a teacher when I grow up She’s going to get married next month We’re going to visit the zoo this Sunday b Often there is no difference between going to and the Present Continuous when we refer to a future plan or intention I’m seeing the doctor for my back tomorrow I’m going to see the doctor for my back tomorrow c We also use going to when we can see now that something is sure to happen in the future Look! It’s going to rain! Careful! The baby is going to fall! d With the verbs go and come, we usually use the Present Continuous for future plans, we don’t use them with going to They’re going to London next week Tom is coming for dinner tonight Positive and negative I He She It We You They am join an English speaking club soon is (not) going to open a school are Questions am When is What are buy a new car I he/she/it we/you/they going to have birthday party? return home? this Sunday? Grammar Reference 102 6.5 Whose + possessive pronouns Whose …? asks about possession Subject Object Adjective I me my You you your He him his She her her It it its We us our They them their Pronoun mine yours his hers its ours theirs mine hers It’s his ours theirs * Who’s = Who is asks about people Who’s that man in the garden? It’s my neighbor Whose is this book? Whose book is this? Whose is it? UNIT 7.1 Question forms When was Shakespeare born? Where did Andersen come from? Who is she going to marry? How you go to school? What you in your free time? Why are going to learn French? Which film are they watching? How much money does your father earn a month? How many members are there in your group? How far is it to the airport? What kind of music does he like? 7.2 Adjectives and adverbs a Adjectives describe nouns a good chef a careful driver a fast car b Adverbs describe verbs John drives carefully She cooks very well c To form regular adverbs, add -ly to the adjectives (Adjectives + -ly adverbs of manner) Words ending in-y change to –ily Grammar Reference 103 Adjective slow quick careful noisy lucky Adverb slowly quickly carefully noisily luckily Some adverbs are irregular Adjective Adverb good well hard hard early early fast fast 7.3 -ing / -ed adjectives We use -ing adjectives to describe things, situations and people We use -ed adjectives to describe how people feel The football game was so exciting The fans were very excited about it Mr Bean is an interesting man We are interested in him very much Grammar Reference 104 Irregular verbs Base form be become begin break bring build buy catch choose come cost cut drink drive eat fall feel fight find fly forget get give go grow have hear hit keep know learn leave lose make meet pay put read ride run say see sell write Verb patterns Past simple Past participle was / were became began broke brought built bought caught chose came cost cut did drank drove ate fell felt fought found flew forgot got gave went grew had heard hit kept knew learnt / learned left lost made met paid put read rode ran said saw sold wrote been become begun broken brought built bought caught chosen come cost cut did drunk driven eaten fallen felt fought found flown forgotten got given gone / been grown had heard hit kept known learnt / learned left lost made met paid put read ridden run said seen sold written Verb + -ing like love enjoy hate finish stop swimming cooking Verb + to + infinitive choose decide forget promise to go need help hope try to work want would like would love Verb + - ing or to + infinitive begin raining start Modal auxiliary verbs can could go shall arrive will would Phonetic symbols 105 Phonetic Irregularsymbols verbs Consonants Verb patterns Vowels Diphthongs (two vowels together) Phonetic symbols 106 REFERENCES - Liz and John Soars, The Third Edition - New Headway Elementary - Students’ book, Oxford University Press, UK - Liz and John Soars, The Third Edition - New Headway Elementary - Workbook, Oxford University Press, UK - Patricia K Werner & John P Nelson, Silver Edition - Interaction - Grammar, McGraw Hill Press, USA - Betty Schrampfer Azar, The Third Edition - Understanding and Using English Grammar, Longman Press, UK References 107