ngu phap toeic

CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG I. CẤU TRÚC BỊ ĐỘNG hiện tại đơn is/am/are + V3/ED quá khứ đơn was/were + V3/ED hiện tại tiếp diễn is/am/are + being + V3/ed quá khứ tiếp diễn was/were + being + V3/ed hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + been + V3/ed quá khứ hoàn thành had + been + V3/ed can/could/will/would/must can/could/will/would/must + be + V3/ed have to/used to/be going to have to/used to/be going to + be + V3/ed EX: Tim buy the book. The book is bought by Tim. II. Một số dạng câu bị động đặc biệt 1. Những cấu trúc bị động không được sử dụng với giới từ “by” Be disappointed Be frightened + at Be surprised Ex: He was disappointed at breach of contract. Be engaged Be interested + in Be involved Ex: Be composed Be tired + of Ex: Our team is composed of the best employees in our company Be committed Be married Be dedicated + to Be made Be expected Ex: Weve are supposed to hold one 45 minutes meeting once a month. Be bored Be covered Be confused Be faced Be filled Be satisfied + with Be (pre)occupied Be pleased Ex: They were preoccupied with the provisions in contract. Her eyes is suddenly filled with tears. The sails were filled with the wind. 2. Động từ have S + have + O ( người) + V1 + O (vật) S + have + O (vật) + V3 + BY O (người) She has Tom (wash) her car. She has her car (wash) by Tom. 3. Động từ cảm giác (perceptual verbs): see, watch, hear, observe,… S + V + O + V1/Ving S + be + p.p + to V1 + by O Ving My mother saw the children swimming on the water. The children were seen swimming in the lake. They saw the thief steal my purse. The thief was seen to steal my purse. PHÂN BIỆT CHỦ ĐỘNG VÀ BỊ ĐỘNG 1. The children from High School will be…… candy for their annual trip to Paris. a. sell b. sold c. selling d. have sold 2. His mother was………….him to bring a present. a. allowing b. allowed c. to allow d. being allow 3. Because this is a sold-out performance, all attendees are……… to arrive one hour. a. requested b. requesting c. be requested d. being requested 4. She ……….by him because she didn’t work effectively. a. would not be asked b. would be not asked c. would ask 5. Tom has she …… the brochure. a. revised b. revise c. revising d. to revise 6. They ……… the specialist look after their health, today. a. had b. have c. stay d. remain 7. The customers had the company ……. money when their products defected. a. predicting b. reminding c. refunded d. refund 8. She …. cook in the kitchen. a. was made to b. was made by c. made d. make 9. She ……… sing this song. a. is expected to b. expected c. expect d. expects 10.The executives …… with the presentation. a. was satisfied b. were satisfied c. satisfied d. satisfing 11. ……… flowers, the room seems more beautifully. a. covered with b. covering c. to cover d. to have covered 12.They…… a new-member discount. a. can be received b. can received c. can receive d. can be not received 13.He …….for a promotion. a. considers b. has been considering c. has considered d. is being considered 14. Peter Kerensky…………from sale staff to assistant. a. was promoted b. was promoting c. promoted d. has promoted 15.So far, that terms …… by committee, so he can not reach his purpose. a. accepted b. accepting c. have not been accepted d. have not accepted 16.Attendance records must… to the director by next Thursday. a. be submit b. submitted c. be submitted d. submission 17.The company will……. current staff by 10%. a. reduce b. be reduced c. reduced d. reduction 18.The company’s travel budge has…….significant. a. reducing b. reduce c. been reduced d. reduced 19.A survey of mobile phone use… …the company. a. was conducted with b. was conducted by c. were conducting d. conducted 20.The job has already been…… by her. a. finished b. finishing c. finish d. to finish 21.The outstanding balance of value customer must……… by next month. a. pay b. paid c. is paid d. be paid 22. The meeting …… on March 1, 2006 on Lion street. a. hold b. was held c. has been held d. holding 23.Please……… the windows closed. a. remain b. became c. let d. keep 24. Interested applicants should…………a impressing resumé and cover letter to Mr. Pike by next Monday. a. submit b. be submitted c. submitted d. be submitting 25.They are………… application within 7 days. a. accepted b. accepting c. being accepted d. to accept e. 26.They will not be………. Financial statements. a. issued b. issuing c. having issued d. to issue 27.To apply for the position, all the requested information should be ……… to the address below. a. sending b. send c. sent d. sender 28.All customers who apply and ………….for a Baltigone Furniture Card will receive free home delivery for all their purchases. a. are approved b. is approving c. approved d. approving 29.Due to the rivising cost of materials, Hirosue Manufacturing will be………….on ak of its products. a. increased b. increasing c. increase d. increasive 30.All visitors to Croke County Hospital are………… to register at the reception if they wish too see patients. a. require b. requiring c. required d. been required 31.This marketing position ……………at least two years of experience in a related field. a. required b. requiring c. requires d. requiriment 32.Trans Allantitc Inc. tour guides are………….to be the most knowledgeable and friendly in the tourist industry. a. considered b. considering c. consideration d. consider 33.The Palmdale Resort is……………complimentary massage to guests who stay for more than two rights. a. offered b. offering c. offer d. be offer ĐẠI TỪ ĐẠI TỪ NHÂN XƯNG TÍNH TỪ SỞ HỮU ĐẠI TỪ SỞ HỮU TÚC TỪ ĐẠI TỪ PHẢN THÂN I We They You He She It my our their your his her its mine ours theirs yours his hers its me us them you him her it myself ourselves themselves yourself/yourselves himself herself itself Làm chủ ngữ. S+V+O, S + V That is Mr. Jack, he is a effective manager. TTSH + N My hair is long. ĐTSH = TTSH + N Ex: My hair is longer than hers (=her hair) Túc từ: Làm tân ngữ Ex: Do you often contact him? Đại từ phản thân: 1. S + V + oneself Ex: She carries out herself this job. 2. S + oneself + V : dùng để nhấn mạnh Ex: She herself carries out this job. 3. By oneself = alone = on one’s own : một mình She carries out this job by herself. 1. I go for a walk by………. a. myself b. himself c. me d. him 2. He requests the secretary made a appointment for… on Monday morning. a. him b. himself c. her d. me 3. To make the staff questionnaire more effective, all company employees should fill in the answers by………. a. himself b. theirself c. themselves d. theirselves 4. Joe Jefferson, the purchasing manager, will contact each supplier…………to negotiate shipping prices. a. himself b. itself c. themselves d. him 5. This publication is mainly recommended to……….considering a move to an independent consulting career. a. their b. yourself c. anyone d. it 6. With………new line of cars and reduced prices, GQ Motors is now once again the nation’s number one automotive company. a. its b. itself c. them d. they 7. The employees waited patiently during the momentary suspension of……… computer accounts and security passwwords. a. them b. their c. theirs d. themselve 8. Since Satun’s employees frequently travel, the president wants a system that forwards calls to them as…………travel to any of the offices in Europe. a. they b. them c. he d. him 9. Because many of the warehouse workers were out sick today, Mr.Miller had to stock the goods on the shelves……… a. itself b. himself c. herself d. him 10.If the task is too complicated to figure out on……… own, please don’t hesitate to ask one of our representatives, who are here to help. a. you b. your c. yours d. yourself 11.After Ms.Johnes receives all the customer evaluation forms, she will begin carefully reviewing…… a. herself b. her c. them d. it 12. At this year’s orientation session, the general manager……… took the time to personally welcome all new recruits in her usual, affable manner. a. herself b. she c. her d. herselves 13.A extra customer service training session will be help before work tommorrow morning for……who were absent from Friday’s seminar. a. these b. those c. that d. him 14.It seems that laborers in underdeveloped countries would rather have their children help……… at work than enroll them in school. a. they b. them c. themselves d. itself 15.After Jones receives all the customers evaluation forms, she will begin carefully reviewing…… a. them b. theirs c. himself d. it 16. Please inform Mr. Geoffrey that we couldn’t possibly thank…… enough for his excellent work in negotiation the new sales contract. a. him b. himself c. themselves d. them MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ I. MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ 1. WHO: đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người, chức năng làm chủ ngữ. Ex: He was a scientist. He received The Nobel Rize. He who received The Nobel Rize was a scientist. 2. WHOM: đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người, chức năng làm tân ngữ. Ex: He was a my friend. I met him a year ago. He whom I met a year ago was a my friend. 3. WHICH: đại từ quan hệ chỉ vật, đứng sau danh từ chỉ vật, chức năng làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ. Ex: The book is interesting. She bought it yesterday. The book which she bought yesterday is interesting. [...]... Neitheir…nor Whether….or (not) Giả sử rằng Không những….mà còn Vừa….vừa Hoặc…hoặc Cũng…không Có….không SINCE + (N.P/ CLAUSE/TIME): bởi vì, kể từ khi UNTIL + (N.P/CLAUSE/TIME): cho đến khi ONCE: một khi, đã từng NGUYÊN TẮC: - GIỚI TỪ + N.P (despite + N.P) - KHÔNG GIỚI TỪ + CLAUSE 1 She has lived in New York (within/for/since) last year 2 I have taught this school (for/since) 2 years 3 The engineer has been fixing