5 Wish Clauses Mệnh đề ao ước *** Future wish S + wish + S + would / could + Verb ( bare inf ) *** Present wish S + wish + S + were (not) / Verb (cột 2 / ed) / didn’t verb (bare infinitive) *** Past w[.]
5 Wish Clauses : Mệnh đề ao ước *** Future wish : S + wish + S + would / could + Verb ( bare inf ) *** Present wish : S + wish + S + were (not) / Verb (cột / ed) / didn’t verb (bare infinitive) *** Past wish : S + wish + S + Had (not) + Verb (pp) Examples: He will get there by motorbike I wish he wouldn’t get there by motorbike I can’t speak English fluently I wish I could speak English fluently My friends don’t take part in the game I wish my friend took part in the game I didn’t know that Alice was ill I wish I had known that Alice was ill Clauses of reason /concession phrases of reason /concession: Mệnh đề lí / nhượng cụm từ lí / nhượng Because / although / though … Because of / In spite of / despite *** S + be + adj Possessive + noun *** The / possessive +N+ be + adj The / possessive + adj + N *** S + V (tenses ) + … ( Possessive ) + ( not ) + Ving * Nếu mệnh đề nối với “BUT” Khi viết lại câu với Although / though, ta cần bỏ “BUT” đưa although / though vào mệnh đề đầu ( Clauses and phrases of reason /concession ) Adjective Adjective Noun Noun Important Importance Tired Different Tiredness Difference Sick Absent Absence Sickness Honest Honesty Ill Difficult Illness Difficulty Late Poor Poverty Lateness Noisy The noise Kind Invent The invention of Lazy Sad Dark Kindness Laziness Sadness Darkness Examples: Because he is lazy , he often gets bad marks Because of his laziness , he often gets bad marks Because the husbands were absent, women went to work in factories Because of the absent husbands ,women went to work in factories Because of the husbands’ absence , women went to work in factories Although she didn’t ask him, he helped her In spite of her not asking him , he helped her It was raining heavily, but the boys were playing football Although/though It was raining heavily,the boys were playing football Comparision of Adjectives and Adverbs: Câu so sánh *** Equal Comparisions: S + V + as / so + adj / adv + as + noun / pronoun *** Unequal Comparisions: Short adj / adv + er S+V+ + than + noun / pronoun More + long adj / adv *** Superlatives: Short adj / adv + EST S + V + the + + ( prepositional phrase ) Most + long adj / adv *** Double comparations: so sánh kép : Càng … * The + short adj / adv + er + S + V, The + short adj / adv + er + S + V * The more + long adj / adv + S + V, The more + long adj / adv + S + V Notes : Good / well better the best Bad / badly worse the worst Many / much more the most Little less the least Far further/farther (Khoảng cách) the further/farther (Khoảng cách) Examples: Mary is certainly more intelligent than her sister Mary’s sister is certainly not so intelligent as Mary / her You don’t speak English as fluently as she She speaks English more fluently than you (do) Today is not sunny as yesterday Yesterday is sunnier than today I know him better than you You don’t know him so well as me Nobody in the team plays football so well as Tom Tom is the best football player in the team The sooner you leave, the earlier you will arrive The hotter it is, the more miserable I feel Reported speech: Câu tường thuật *** Các dạng câu chuyển gián tiếp: Câu mệnh lệnh,yêu cầu: * Câu mệnh lệnh,yêu cầu có dạng: “(Don’t)+V+… +(please)” “Will/Would/Can/Could+S+(not)+……+ (please)?” “Would you mind+(not)+V-ing+… ?” =>S+ told / asked/warned(cảnh báo) / begged (cầu xin) / ordered (ra lệnh) / reminded(nhắc nhở) + O + (not) toV… Ex: “Listen carefully” The teacher said to us => The teacher told/asked us to listen carefully -“Don’t make noise, Jim” The perfect said => The perfect ordered Jim not to make noise -“Would you mind putting out your cigarette?” said a woman =>A woman reminded me to put out my cigarette *Câu yêu cầu với động từ tường thuật “asked” có dạng: -“I’d like+…… ” -“Can/Could I have+…… ” Khi chuyển gián tiếp ta áp dụng công thức: S+ asked (+O) + for + st + … Ex: In the café, the man said: “I’d like a cup of tea” =>The man asked for a cup of tea ……